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| 55 | <H2><A NAME="SECTION0082930000000000000000"></A><A NAME="multiple-destinations"></A> |
| 56 | <BR> |
| 57 | 6.29.3 Logging to multiple destinations |
| 58 | </H2> |
| 59 | |
| 60 | <P> |
| 61 | Let's say you want to log to console and file with different message formats |
| 62 | and in differing circumstances. Say you want to log messages with levels |
| 63 | of DEBUG and higher to file, and those messages at level INFO and higher to |
| 64 | the console. Let's also assume that the file should contain timestamps, but |
| 65 | the console messages should not. Here's how you can achieve this: |
| 66 | |
| 67 | <P> |
| 68 | <div class="verbatim"><pre> |
| 69 | import logging |
| 70 | |
| 71 | # set up logging to file - see previous section for more details |
| 72 | logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, |
| 73 | format='%(asctime)s %(name)-12s %(levelname)-8s %(message)s', |
| 74 | datefmt='%m-%d %H:%M', |
| 75 | filename='/temp/myapp.log', |
| 76 | filemode='w') |
| 77 | # define a Handler which writes INFO messages or higher to the sys.stderr |
| 78 | console = logging.StreamHandler() |
| 79 | console.setLevel(logging.INFO) |
| 80 | # set a format which is simpler for console use |
| 81 | formatter = logging.Formatter('%(name)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)s') |
| 82 | # tell the handler to use this format |
| 83 | console.setFormatter(formatter) |
| 84 | # add the handler to the root logger |
| 85 | logging.getLogger('').addHandler(console) |
| 86 | |
| 87 | # Now, we can log to the root logger, or any other logger. First the root... |
| 88 | logging.info('Jackdaws love my big sphinx of quartz.') |
| 89 | |
| 90 | # Now, define a couple of other loggers which might represent areas in your |
| 91 | # application: |
| 92 | |
| 93 | logger1 = logging.getLogger('myapp.area1') |
| 94 | logger2 = logging.getLogger('myapp.area2') |
| 95 | |
| 96 | logger1.debug('Quick zephyrs blow, vexing daft Jim.') |
| 97 | logger1.info('How quickly daft jumping zebras vex.') |
| 98 | logger2.warning('Jail zesty vixen who grabbed pay from quack.') |
| 99 | logger2.error('The five boxing wizards jump quickly.') |
| 100 | </pre></div> |
| 101 | |
| 102 | <P> |
| 103 | When you run this, on the console you will see |
| 104 | |
| 105 | <P> |
| 106 | <div class="verbatim"><pre> |
| 107 | root : INFO Jackdaws love my big sphinx of quartz. |
| 108 | myapp.area1 : INFO How quickly daft jumping zebras vex. |
| 109 | myapp.area2 : WARNING Jail zesty vixen who grabbed pay from quack. |
| 110 | myapp.area2 : ERROR The five boxing wizards jump quickly. |
| 111 | </pre></div> |
| 112 | |
| 113 | <P> |
| 114 | and in the file you will see something like |
| 115 | |
| 116 | <P> |
| 117 | <div class="verbatim"><pre> |
| 118 | 10-22 22:19 root INFO Jackdaws love my big sphinx of quartz. |
| 119 | 10-22 22:19 myapp.area1 DEBUG Quick zephyrs blow, vexing daft Jim. |
| 120 | 10-22 22:19 myapp.area1 INFO How quickly daft jumping zebras vex. |
| 121 | 10-22 22:19 myapp.area2 WARNING Jail zesty vixen who grabbed pay from quack. |
| 122 | 10-22 22:19 myapp.area2 ERROR The five boxing wizards jump quickly. |
| 123 | </pre></div> |
| 124 | |
| 125 | <P> |
| 126 | As you can see, the DEBUG message only shows up in the file. The other |
| 127 | messages are sent to both destinations. |
| 128 | |
| 129 | <P> |
| 130 | This example uses console and file handlers, but you can use any number and |
| 131 | combination of handlers you choose. |
| 132 | |
| 133 | <P> |
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