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| 129 | .\" ======================================================================== |
| 130 | .\" |
| 131 | .IX Title "Net::libnetFAQ 3" |
| 132 | .TH Net::libnetFAQ 3 "2002-06-01" "perl v5.8.0" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide" |
| 133 | .SH "NAME" |
| 134 | libnetFAQ \- libnet Frequently Asked Questions |
| 135 | .SH "DESCRIPTION" |
| 136 | .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
| 137 | .Sh "Where to get this document" |
| 138 | .IX Subsection "Where to get this document" |
| 139 | This document is distributed with the libnet distribution, and is also |
| 140 | available on the libnet web page at |
| 141 | .PP |
| 142 | .Vb 1 |
| 143 | \& http://www.pobox.com/~gbarr/libnet/ |
| 144 | .Ve |
| 145 | .Sh "How to contribute to this document" |
| 146 | .IX Subsection "How to contribute to this document" |
| 147 | You may mail corrections, additions, and suggestions to me |
| 148 | gbarr@pobox.com. |
| 149 | .SH "Author and Copyright Information" |
| 150 | .IX Header "Author and Copyright Information" |
| 151 | Copyright (c) 1997\-1998 Graham Barr. All rights reserved. |
| 152 | This document is free; you can redistribute it and/or modify it |
| 153 | under the terms of the Artistic License. |
| 154 | .Sh "Disclaimer" |
| 155 | .IX Subsection "Disclaimer" |
| 156 | This information is offered in good faith and in the hope that it may |
| 157 | be of use, but is not guaranteed to be correct, up to date, or suitable |
| 158 | for any particular purpose whatsoever. The authors accept no liability |
| 159 | in respect of this information or its use. |
| 160 | .SH "Obtaining and installing libnet" |
| 161 | .IX Header "Obtaining and installing libnet" |
| 162 | .Sh "What is libnet ?" |
| 163 | .IX Subsection "What is libnet ?" |
| 164 | libnet is a collection of perl5 modules which all related to network |
| 165 | programming. The majority of the modules available provided the |
| 166 | client side of popular server-client protocols that are used in |
| 167 | the internet community. |
| 168 | .Sh "Which version of perl do I need ?" |
| 169 | .IX Subsection "Which version of perl do I need ?" |
| 170 | libnet has been know to work with versions of perl from 5.002 onwards. However |
| 171 | if your release of perl is prior to perl5.004 then you will need to |
| 172 | obtain and install the \s-1IO\s0 distribution from \s-1CPAN\s0. If you have perl5.004 |
| 173 | or later then you will have the \s-1IO\s0 modules in your installation already, |
| 174 | but \s-1CPAN\s0 may contain updates. |
| 175 | .Sh "What other modules do I need ?" |
| 176 | .IX Subsection "What other modules do I need ?" |
| 177 | The only modules you will need installed are the modules from the \s-1IO\s0 |
| 178 | distribution. If you have perl5.004 or later you will already have |
| 179 | these modules. |
| 180 | .Sh "What machines support libnet ?" |
| 181 | .IX Subsection "What machines support libnet ?" |
| 182 | libnet itself is an entirely perl-code distribution so it should work |
| 183 | on any machine that perl runs on. However \s-1IO\s0 may not work |
| 184 | with some machines and earlier releases of perl. But this |
| 185 | should not be the case with perl version 5.004 or later. |
| 186 | .Sh "Where can I get the latest libnet release" |
| 187 | .IX Subsection "Where can I get the latest libnet release" |
| 188 | The latest libnet release is always on \s-1CPAN\s0, you will find it |
| 189 | in |
| 190 | .PP |
| 191 | .Vb 1 |
| 192 | \& http://www.cpan.org/modules/by-module/Net/ |
| 193 | .Ve |
| 194 | .PP |
| 195 | The latest release and information is also available on the libnet web page |
| 196 | at |
| 197 | .PP |
| 198 | .Vb 1 |
| 199 | \& http://www.pobox.com/~gbarr/libnet/ |
| 200 | .Ve |
| 201 | .SH "Using Net::FTP" |
| 202 | .IX Header "Using Net::FTP" |
| 203 | .Sh "How do I download files from an \s-1FTP\s0 server ?" |
| 204 | .IX Subsection "How do I download files from an FTP server ?" |
| 205 | An example taken from an article posted to comp.lang.perl.misc |
| 206 | .PP |
| 207 | .Vb 1 |
| 208 | \& #!/your/path/to/perl |
| 209 | .Ve |
| 210 | .PP |
| 211 | .Vb 1 |
| 212 | \& # a module making life easier |
| 213 | .Ve |
| 214 | .PP |
| 215 | .Vb 1 |
| 216 | \& use Net::FTP; |
| 217 | .Ve |
| 218 | .PP |
| 219 | .Vb 2 |
| 220 | \& # for debuging: $ftp = Net::FTP->new('site','Debug',10); |
| 221 | \& # open a connection and log in! |
| 222 | .Ve |
| 223 | .PP |
| 224 | .Vb 2 |
| 225 | \& $ftp = Net::FTP->new('target_site.somewhere.xxx'); |
| 226 | \& $ftp->login('username','password'); |
| 227 | .Ve |
| 228 | .PP |
| 229 | .Vb 1 |
| 230 | \& # set transfer mode to binary |
| 231 | .Ve |
| 232 | .PP |
| 233 | .Vb 1 |
| 234 | \& $ftp->binary(); |
| 235 | .Ve |
| 236 | .PP |
| 237 | .Vb 1 |
| 238 | \& # change the directory on the ftp site |
| 239 | .Ve |
| 240 | .PP |
| 241 | .Vb 1 |
| 242 | \& $ftp->cwd('/some/path/to/somewhere/'); |
| 243 | .Ve |
| 244 | .PP |
| 245 | .Vb 1 |
| 246 | \& foreach $name ('file1', 'file2', 'file3') { |
| 247 | .Ve |
| 248 | .PP |
| 249 | .Vb 4 |
| 250 | \& # get's arguments are in the following order: |
| 251 | \& # ftp server's filename |
| 252 | \& # filename to save the transfer to on the local machine |
| 253 | \& # can be simply used as get($name) if you want the same name |
| 254 | .Ve |
| 255 | .PP |
| 256 | .Vb 2 |
| 257 | \& $ftp->get($name,$name); |
| 258 | \& } |
| 259 | .Ve |
| 260 | .PP |
| 261 | .Vb 1 |
| 262 | \& # ftp done! |
| 263 | .Ve |
| 264 | .PP |
| 265 | .Vb 1 |
| 266 | \& $ftp->quit; |
| 267 | .Ve |
| 268 | .Sh "How do I transfer files in binary mode ?" |
| 269 | .IX Subsection "How do I transfer files in binary mode ?" |
| 270 | To transfer files without <\s-1LF\s0><\s-1CR\s0> translation Net::FTP provides |
| 271 | the \f(CW\*(C`binary\*(C'\fR method |
| 272 | .PP |
| 273 | .Vb 1 |
| 274 | \& $ftp->binary; |
| 275 | .Ve |
| 276 | .Sh "How can I get the size of a file on a remote \s-1FTP\s0 server ?" |
| 277 | .IX Subsection "How can I get the size of a file on a remote FTP server ?" |
| 278 | .Sh "How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote \s-1FTP\s0 server ?" |
| 279 | .IX Subsection "How can I get the modification time of a file on a remote FTP server ?" |
| 280 | .Sh "How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?" |
| 281 | .IX Subsection "How can I change the permissions of a file on a remote server ?" |
| 282 | The \s-1FTP\s0 protocol does not have a command for changing the permissions |
| 283 | of a file on the remote server. But some ftp servers may allow a chmod |
| 284 | command to be issued via a \s-1SITE\s0 command, eg |
| 285 | .PP |
| 286 | .Vb 1 |
| 287 | \& $ftp->quot('site chmod 0777',$filename); |
| 288 | .Ve |
| 289 | .PP |
| 290 | But this is not guaranteed to work. |
| 291 | .Sh "Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?" |
| 292 | .IX Subsection "Can I do a reget operation like the ftp command ?" |
| 293 | .Sh "How do I get a directory listing from an \s-1FTP\s0 server ?" |
| 294 | .IX Subsection "How do I get a directory listing from an FTP server ?" |
| 295 | .ie n .Sh "Changing directory to """" does not fail ?" |
| 296 | .el .Sh "Changing directory to ``'' does not fail ?" |
| 297 | .IX Subsection "Changing directory to """" does not fail ?" |
| 298 | Passing an argument of "" to \->\fIcwd()\fR has the same affect of calling \->\fIcwd()\fR |
| 299 | without any arguments. Turn on Debug (\fISee below\fR) and you will see what is |
| 300 | happening |
| 301 | .PP |
| 302 | .Vb 3 |
| 303 | \& $ftp = Net::FTP->new($host, Debug => 1); |
| 304 | \& $ftp->login; |
| 305 | \& $ftp->cwd(""); |
| 306 | .Ve |
| 307 | .PP |
| 308 | gives |
| 309 | .PP |
| 310 | .Vb 2 |
| 311 | \& Net::FTP=GLOB(0x82196d8)>>> CWD / |
| 312 | \& Net::FTP=GLOB(0x82196d8)<<< 250 CWD command successful. |
| 313 | .Ve |
| 314 | .Sh "I am behind a \s-1SOCKS\s0 firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?" |
| 315 | .IX Subsection "I am behind a SOCKS firewall, but the Firewall option does not work ?" |
| 316 | The Firewall option is only for support of one type of firewall. The type |
| 317 | supported is an ftp proxy. |
| 318 | .PP |
| 319 | To use Net::FTP, or any other module in the libnet distribution, |
| 320 | through a \s-1SOCKS\s0 firewall you must create a socks-ified perl executable |
| 321 | by compiling perl with the socks library. |
| 322 | .Sh "I am behind an \s-1FTP\s0 proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside ?" |
| 323 | .IX Subsection "I am behind an FTP proxy firewall, but cannot access machines outside ?" |
| 324 | Net::FTP implements the most popular ftp proxy firewall approach. The scheme |
| 325 | implemented is that where you log in to the firewall with \f(CW\*(C`user@hostname\*(C'\fR |
| 326 | .PP |
| 327 | I have heard of one other type of firewall which requires a login to the |
| 328 | firewall with an account, then a second login with \f(CW\*(C`user@hostname\*(C'\fR. You can |
| 329 | still use Net::FTP to traverse these firewalls, but a more manual approach |
| 330 | must be taken, eg |
| 331 | .PP |
| 332 | .Vb 3 |
| 333 | \& $ftp = Net::FTP->new($firewall) or die $@; |
| 334 | \& $ftp->login($firewall_user, $firewall_passwd) or die $ftp->message; |
| 335 | \& $ftp->login($ext_user . '@' . $ext_host, $ext_passwd) or die $ftp->message. |
| 336 | .Ve |
| 337 | .Sh "My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21" |
| 338 | .IX Subsection "My ftp proxy firewall does not listen on port 21" |
| 339 | \&\s-1FTP\s0 servers usually listen on the same port number, port 21, as any other |
| 340 | \&\s-1FTP\s0 server. But there is no reason why this has to be the case. |
| 341 | .PP |
| 342 | If you pass a port number to Net::FTP then it assumes this is the port |
| 343 | number of the final destination. By default Net::FTP will always try |
| 344 | to connect to the firewall on port 21. |
| 345 | .PP |
| 346 | Net::FTP uses IO::Socket to open the connection and IO::Socket allows |
| 347 | the port number to be specified as part of the hostname. So this problem |
| 348 | can be resolved by either passing a Firewall option like \f(CW"hostname:1234"\fR |
| 349 | or by setting the \f(CW\*(C`ftp_firewall\*(C'\fR option in Net::Config to be a string |
| 350 | in in the same form. |
| 351 | .Sh "Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an \s-1FTP\s0 server ?" |
| 352 | .IX Subsection "Is it possible to change the file permissions of a file on an FTP server ?" |
| 353 | The answer to this is \*(L"maybe\*(R". The \s-1FTP\s0 protocol does not specify a command to change |
| 354 | file permissions on a remote host. However many servers do allow you to run the |
| 355 | chmod command via the \f(CW\*(C`SITE\*(C'\fR command. This can be done with |
| 356 | .PP |
| 357 | .Vb 1 |
| 358 | \& $ftp->site('chmod','0775',$file); |
| 359 | .Ve |
| 360 | .Sh "I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it documented ?" |
| 361 | .IX Subsection "I have seen scripts call a method message, but cannot find it documented ?" |
| 362 | Net::FTP, like several other packages in libnet, inherits from Net::Cmd, so |
| 363 | all the methods described in Net::Cmd are also available on Net::FTP |
| 364 | objects. |
| 365 | .Sh "Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods" |
| 366 | .IX Subsection "Why does Net::FTP not implement mput and mget methods" |
| 367 | The quick answer is because they are easy to implement yourself. The long |
| 368 | answer is that to write these in such a way that multiple platforms are |
| 369 | supported correctly would just require too much code. Below are |
| 370 | some examples how you can implement these yourself. |
| 371 | .PP |
| 372 | sub mput { |
| 373 | my($ftp,$pattern) = \f(CW@_\fR; |
| 374 | foreach my \f(CW$file\fR (glob($pattern)) { |
| 375 | \f(CW$ftp\fR\->put($file) or warn \f(CW$ftp\fR\->message; |
| 376 | } |
| 377 | } |
| 378 | .PP |
| 379 | sub mget { |
| 380 | my($ftp,$pattern) = \f(CW@_\fR; |
| 381 | foreach my \f(CW$file\fR ($ftp\->ls($pattern)) { |
| 382 | \f(CW$ftp\fR\->get($file) or warn \f(CW$ftp\fR\->message; |
| 383 | } |
| 384 | } |
| 385 | .SH "Using Net::SMTP" |
| 386 | .IX Header "Using Net::SMTP" |
| 387 | .Sh "Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the hostname ?" |
| 388 | .IX Subsection "Why can't the part of an Email address after the @ be used as the hostname ?" |
| 389 | The part of an Email address which follows the @ is not necessarily a hostname, |
| 390 | it is a mail domain. To find the name of a host to connect for a mail domain |
| 391 | you need to do a \s-1DNS\s0 \s-1MX\s0 lookup |
| 392 | .Sh "Why does Net::SMTP not do \s-1DNS\s0 \s-1MX\s0 lookups ?" |
| 393 | .IX Subsection "Why does Net::SMTP not do DNS MX lookups ?" |
| 394 | Net::SMTP implements the \s-1SMTP\s0 protocol. The \s-1DNS\s0 \s-1MX\s0 lookup is not part |
| 395 | of this protocol. |
| 396 | .Sh "The verify method always returns true ?" |
| 397 | .IX Subsection "The verify method always returns true ?" |
| 398 | Well it may seem that way, but it does not. The verify method returns true |
| 399 | if the command succeeded. If you pass verify an address which the |
| 400 | server would normally have to forward to another machine, the command |
| 401 | will succeed with something like |
| 402 | .PP |
| 403 | .Vb 1 |
| 404 | \& 252 Couldn't verify <someone@there> but will attempt delivery anyway |
| 405 | .Ve |
| 406 | .PP |
| 407 | This command will fail only if you pass it an address in a domain |
| 408 | the server directly delivers for, and that address does not exist. |
| 409 | .SH "Debugging scripts" |
| 410 | .IX Header "Debugging scripts" |
| 411 | .Sh "How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?" |
| 412 | .IX Subsection "How can I debug my scripts that use Net::* modules ?" |
| 413 | Most of the libnet client classes allow options to be passed to the |
| 414 | constructor, in most cases one option is called \f(CW\*(C`Debug\*(C'\fR. Passing |
| 415 | this option with a non-zero value will turn on a protocol trace, which |
| 416 | will be sent to \s-1STDERR\s0. This trace can be useful to see what commands |
| 417 | are being sent to the remote server and what responses are being |
| 418 | received back. |
| 419 | .PP |
| 420 | .Vb 1 |
| 421 | \& #!/your/path/to/perl |
| 422 | .Ve |
| 423 | .PP |
| 424 | .Vb 1 |
| 425 | \& use Net::FTP; |
| 426 | .Ve |
| 427 | .PP |
| 428 | .Vb 3 |
| 429 | \& my $ftp = new Net::FTP($host, Debug => 1); |
| 430 | \& $ftp->login('gbarr','password'); |
| 431 | \& $ftp->quit; |
| 432 | .Ve |
| 433 | .PP |
| 434 | this script would output something like |
| 435 | .PP |
| 436 | .Vb 6 |
| 437 | \& Net::FTP: Net::FTP(2.22) |
| 438 | \& Net::FTP: Exporter |
| 439 | \& Net::FTP: Net::Cmd(2.0801) |
| 440 | \& Net::FTP: IO::Socket::INET |
| 441 | \& Net::FTP: IO::Socket(1.1603) |
| 442 | \& Net::FTP: IO::Handle(1.1504) |
| 443 | .Ve |
| 444 | .PP |
| 445 | .Vb 7 |
| 446 | \& Net::FTP=GLOB(0x8152974)<<< 220 imagine FTP server (Version wu-2.4(5) Tue Jul 29 11:17:18 CDT 1997) ready. |
| 447 | \& Net::FTP=GLOB(0x8152974)>>> user gbarr |
| 448 | \& Net::FTP=GLOB(0x8152974)<<< 331 Password required for gbarr. |
| 449 | \& Net::FTP=GLOB(0x8152974)>>> PASS .... |
| 450 | \& Net::FTP=GLOB(0x8152974)<<< 230 User gbarr logged in. Access restrictions apply. |
| 451 | \& Net::FTP=GLOB(0x8152974)>>> QUIT |
| 452 | \& Net::FTP=GLOB(0x8152974)<<< 221 Goodbye. |
| 453 | .Ve |
| 454 | .PP |
| 455 | The first few lines tell you the modules that Net::FTP uses and their versions, |
| 456 | this is useful data to me when a user reports a bug. The last seven lines |
| 457 | show the communication with the server. Each line has three parts. The first |
| 458 | part is the object itself, this is useful for separating the output |
| 459 | if you are using multiple objects. The second part is either \f(CW\*(C`<<<<\*(C'\fR to |
| 460 | show data coming from the server or \f(CW\*(C`>>>>\*(C'\fR to show data |
| 461 | going to the server. The remainder of the line is the command |
| 462 | being sent or response being received. |
| 463 | .SH "AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT" |
| 464 | .IX Header "AUTHOR AND COPYRIGHT" |
| 465 | Copyright (c) 1997 Graham Barr. |
| 466 | All rights reserved. |
| 467 | .PP |
| 468 | \&\fI$Id: //depot/libnet/Net/libnetFAQ.pod#5 $\fR |