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| 128 | .rm #[ #] #H #V #F C |
| 129 | .\" ======================================================================== |
| 130 | .\" |
| 131 | .IX Title "Test::Harness 3" |
| 132 | .TH Test::Harness 3 "2001-09-21" "perl v5.8.8" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide" |
| 133 | .SH "NAME" |
| 134 | Test::Harness \- Run Perl standard test scripts with statistics |
| 135 | .SH "VERSION" |
| 136 | .IX Header "VERSION" |
| 137 | Version 2.56 |
| 138 | .SH "SYNOPSIS" |
| 139 | .IX Header "SYNOPSIS" |
| 140 | .Vb 1 |
| 141 | \& use Test::Harness; |
| 142 | .Ve |
| 143 | .PP |
| 144 | .Vb 1 |
| 145 | \& runtests(@test_files); |
| 146 | .Ve |
| 147 | .SH "DESCRIPTION" |
| 148 | .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
| 149 | \&\fB\s-1STOP\s0!\fR If all you want to do is write a test script, consider |
| 150 | using Test::Simple. Test::Harness is the module that reads the |
| 151 | output from Test::Simple, Test::More and other modules based on |
| 152 | Test::Builder. You don't need to know about Test::Harness to use |
| 153 | those modules. |
| 154 | .PP |
| 155 | Test::Harness runs tests and expects output from the test in a |
| 156 | certain format. That format is called \s-1TAP\s0, the Test Anything |
| 157 | Protocol. It is defined in Test::Harness::TAP. |
| 158 | .PP |
| 159 | \&\f(CW\*(C`Test::Harness::runtests(@tests)\*(C'\fR runs all the testscripts named |
| 160 | as arguments and checks standard output for the expected strings |
| 161 | in \s-1TAP\s0 format. |
| 162 | .PP |
| 163 | The \fIprove\fR utility is a thin wrapper around Test::Harness. |
| 164 | .Sh "Taint mode" |
| 165 | .IX Subsection "Taint mode" |
| 166 | Test::Harness will honor the \f(CW\*(C`\-T\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`\-t\*(C'\fR in the #! line on your |
| 167 | test files. So if you begin a test with: |
| 168 | .PP |
| 169 | .Vb 1 |
| 170 | \& #!perl -T |
| 171 | .Ve |
| 172 | .PP |
| 173 | the test will be run with taint mode on. |
| 174 | .Sh "Configuration variables." |
| 175 | .IX Subsection "Configuration variables." |
| 176 | These variables can be used to configure the behavior of |
| 177 | Test::Harness. They are exported on request. |
| 178 | .ie n .IP "$Test::Harness::Verbose" 4 |
| 179 | .el .IP "\f(CW$Test::Harness::Verbose\fR" 4 |
| 180 | .IX Item "$Test::Harness::Verbose" |
| 181 | The package variable \f(CW$Test::Harness::Verbose\fR is exportable and can be |
| 182 | used to let \f(CW\*(C`runtests()\*(C'\fR display the standard output of the script |
| 183 | without altering the behavior otherwise. The \fIprove\fR utility's \f(CW\*(C`\-v\*(C'\fR |
| 184 | flag will set this. |
| 185 | .ie n .IP "$Test::Harness::switches" 4 |
| 186 | .el .IP "\f(CW$Test::Harness::switches\fR" 4 |
| 187 | .IX Item "$Test::Harness::switches" |
| 188 | The package variable \f(CW$Test::Harness::switches\fR is exportable and can be |
| 189 | used to set perl command line options used for running the test |
| 190 | script(s). The default value is \f(CW\*(C`\-w\*(C'\fR. It overrides \f(CW\*(C`HARNESS_SWITCHES\*(C'\fR. |
| 191 | .ie n .IP "$Test::Harness::Timer" 4 |
| 192 | .el .IP "\f(CW$Test::Harness::Timer\fR" 4 |
| 193 | .IX Item "$Test::Harness::Timer" |
| 194 | If set to true, and \f(CW\*(C`Time::HiRes\*(C'\fR is available, print elapsed seconds |
| 195 | after each test file. |
| 196 | .Sh "Failure" |
| 197 | .IX Subsection "Failure" |
| 198 | When tests fail, analyze the summary report: |
| 199 | .PP |
| 200 | .Vb 12 |
| 201 | \& t/base..............ok |
| 202 | \& t/nonumbers.........ok |
| 203 | \& t/ok................ok |
| 204 | \& t/test-harness......ok |
| 205 | \& t/waterloo..........dubious |
| 206 | \& Test returned status 3 (wstat 768, 0x300) |
| 207 | \& DIED. FAILED tests 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 |
| 208 | \& Failed 10/20 tests, 50.00% okay |
| 209 | \& Failed Test Stat Wstat Total Fail Failed List of Failed |
| 210 | \& ----------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 211 | \& t/waterloo.t 3 768 20 10 50.00% 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 |
| 212 | \& Failed 1/5 test scripts, 80.00% okay. 10/44 subtests failed, 77.27% okay. |
| 213 | .Ve |
| 214 | .PP |
| 215 | Everything passed but \fIt/waterloo.t\fR. It failed 10 of 20 tests and |
| 216 | exited with non-zero status indicating something dubious happened. |
| 217 | .PP |
| 218 | The columns in the summary report mean: |
| 219 | .IP "\fBFailed Test\fR" 4 |
| 220 | .IX Item "Failed Test" |
| 221 | The test file which failed. |
| 222 | .IP "\fBStat\fR" 4 |
| 223 | .IX Item "Stat" |
| 224 | If the test exited with non\-zero, this is its exit status. |
| 225 | .IP "\fBWstat\fR" 4 |
| 226 | .IX Item "Wstat" |
| 227 | The wait status of the test. |
| 228 | .IP "\fBTotal\fR" 4 |
| 229 | .IX Item "Total" |
| 230 | Total number of tests expected to run. |
| 231 | .IP "\fBFail\fR" 4 |
| 232 | .IX Item "Fail" |
| 233 | Number which failed, either from \*(L"not ok\*(R" or because they never ran. |
| 234 | .IP "\fBFailed\fR" 4 |
| 235 | .IX Item "Failed" |
| 236 | Percentage of the total tests which failed. |
| 237 | .IP "\fBList of Failed\fR" 4 |
| 238 | .IX Item "List of Failed" |
| 239 | A list of the tests which failed. Successive failures may be |
| 240 | abbreviated (ie. 15\-20 to indicate that tests 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and |
| 241 | 20 failed). |
| 242 | .Sh "Functions" |
| 243 | .IX Subsection "Functions" |
| 244 | Test::Harness currently only has one function, here it is. |
| 245 | .IP "\fBruntests\fR" 4 |
| 246 | .IX Item "runtests" |
| 247 | .Vb 1 |
| 248 | \& my $allok = runtests(@test_files); |
| 249 | .Ve |
| 250 | .Sp |
| 251 | This runs all the given \fI@test_files\fR and divines whether they passed |
| 252 | or failed based on their output to \s-1STDOUT\s0 (details above). It prints |
| 253 | out each individual test which failed along with a summary report and |
| 254 | a how long it all took. |
| 255 | .Sp |
| 256 | It returns true if everything was ok. Otherwise it will \f(CW\*(C`die()\*(C'\fR with |
| 257 | one of the messages in the \s-1DIAGNOSTICS\s0 section. |
| 258 | .SH "EXPORT" |
| 259 | .IX Header "EXPORT" |
| 260 | \&\f(CW&runtests\fR is exported by Test::Harness by default. |
| 261 | .PP |
| 262 | \&\f(CW$verbose\fR, \f(CW$switches\fR and \f(CW$debug\fR are exported upon request. |
| 263 | .SH "DIAGNOSTICS" |
| 264 | .IX Header "DIAGNOSTICS" |
| 265 | .ie n .IP """All tests successful.\enFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s""" 4 |
| 266 | .el .IP "\f(CWAll tests successful.\enFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s\fR" 4 |
| 267 | .IX Item "All tests successful.nFiles=%d, Tests=%d, %s" |
| 268 | If all tests are successful some statistics about the performance are |
| 269 | printed. |
| 270 | .ie n .IP """FAILED tests %s\en\etFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.""" 4 |
| 271 | .el .IP "\f(CWFAILED tests %s\en\etFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay.\fR" 4 |
| 272 | .IX Item "FAILED tests %sntFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay." |
| 273 | For any single script that has failing subtests statistics like the |
| 274 | above are printed. |
| 275 | .ie n .IP """Test returned status %d (wstat %d)""" 4 |
| 276 | .el .IP "\f(CWTest returned status %d (wstat %d)\fR" 4 |
| 277 | .IX Item "Test returned status %d (wstat %d)" |
| 278 | Scripts that return a non-zero exit status, both \f(CW\*(C`$? >> 8\*(C'\fR |
| 279 | and \f(CW$?\fR are printed in a message similar to the above. |
| 280 | .ie n .IP """Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s""" 4 |
| 281 | .el .IP "\f(CWFailed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s\fR" 4 |
| 282 | .IX Item "Failed 1 test, %.2f%% okay. %s" |
| 283 | .PD 0 |
| 284 | .ie n .IP """Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay. %s""" 4 |
| 285 | .el .IP "\f(CWFailed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay. %s\fR" 4 |
| 286 | .IX Item "Failed %d/%d tests, %.2f%% okay. %s" |
| 287 | .PD |
| 288 | If not all tests were successful, the script dies with one of the |
| 289 | above messages. |
| 290 | .ie n .IP """FAILED\-\-Further testing stopped: %s""" 4 |
| 291 | .el .IP "\f(CWFAILED\-\-Further testing stopped: %s\fR" 4 |
| 292 | .IX Item "FAILED--Further testing stopped: %s" |
| 293 | If a single subtest decides that further testing will not make sense, |
| 294 | the script dies with this message. |
| 295 | .SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TEST::HARNESS SETS" |
| 296 | .IX Header "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT TEST::HARNESS SETS" |
| 297 | Test::Harness sets these before executing the individual tests. |
| 298 | .ie n .IP """HARNESS_ACTIVE""" 4 |
| 299 | .el .IP "\f(CWHARNESS_ACTIVE\fR" 4 |
| 300 | .IX Item "HARNESS_ACTIVE" |
| 301 | This is set to a true value. It allows the tests to determine if they |
| 302 | are being executed through the harness or by any other means. |
| 303 | .ie n .IP """HARNESS_VERSION""" 4 |
| 304 | .el .IP "\f(CWHARNESS_VERSION\fR" 4 |
| 305 | .IX Item "HARNESS_VERSION" |
| 306 | This is the version of Test::Harness. |
| 307 | .SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS" |
| 308 | .IX Header "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES THAT AFFECT TEST::HARNESS" |
| 309 | .ie n .IP """HARNESS_COLUMNS""" 4 |
| 310 | .el .IP "\f(CWHARNESS_COLUMNS\fR" 4 |
| 311 | .IX Item "HARNESS_COLUMNS" |
| 312 | This value will be used for the width of the terminal. If it is not |
| 313 | set then it will default to \f(CW\*(C`COLUMNS\*(C'\fR. If this is not set, it will |
| 314 | default to 80. Note that users of Bourne-sh based shells will need to |
| 315 | \&\f(CW\*(C`export COLUMNS\*(C'\fR for this module to use that variable. |
| 316 | .ie n .IP """HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST""" 4 |
| 317 | .el .IP "\f(CWHARNESS_COMPILE_TEST\fR" 4 |
| 318 | .IX Item "HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST" |
| 319 | When true it will make harness attempt to compile the test using |
| 320 | \&\f(CW\*(C`perlcc\*(C'\fR before running it. |
| 321 | .Sp |
| 322 | \&\fB\s-1NOTE\s0\fR This currently only works when sitting in the perl source |
| 323 | directory! |
| 324 | .ie n .IP """HARNESS_DEBUG""" 4 |
| 325 | .el .IP "\f(CWHARNESS_DEBUG\fR" 4 |
| 326 | .IX Item "HARNESS_DEBUG" |
| 327 | If true, Test::Harness will print debugging information about itself as |
| 328 | it runs the tests. This is different from \f(CW\*(C`HARNESS_VERBOSE\*(C'\fR, which prints |
| 329 | the output from the test being run. Setting \f(CW$Test::Harness::Debug\fR will |
| 330 | override this, or you can use the \f(CW\*(C`\-d\*(C'\fR switch in the \fIprove\fR utility. |
| 331 | .ie n .IP """HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR""" 4 |
| 332 | .el .IP "\f(CWHARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR\fR" 4 |
| 333 | .IX Item "HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR" |
| 334 | When set to the name of a directory, harness will check after each |
| 335 | test whether new files appeared in that directory, and report them as |
| 336 | .Sp |
| 337 | .Vb 1 |
| 338 | \& LEAKED FILES: scr.tmp 0 my.db |
| 339 | .Ve |
| 340 | .Sp |
| 341 | If relative, directory name is with respect to the current directory at |
| 342 | the moment \fIruntests()\fR was called. Putting absolute path into |
| 343 | \&\f(CW\*(C`HARNESS_FILELEAK_IN_DIR\*(C'\fR may give more predictable results. |
| 344 | .ie n .IP """HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE""" 4 |
| 345 | .el .IP "\f(CWHARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE\fR" 4 |
| 346 | .IX Item "HARNESS_IGNORE_EXITCODE" |
| 347 | Makes harness ignore the exit status of child processes when defined. |
| 348 | .ie n .IP """HARNESS_NOTTY""" 4 |
| 349 | .el .IP "\f(CWHARNESS_NOTTY\fR" 4 |
| 350 | .IX Item "HARNESS_NOTTY" |
| 351 | When set to a true value, forces it to behave as though \s-1STDOUT\s0 were |
| 352 | not a console. You may need to set this if you don't want harness to |
| 353 | output more frequent progress messages using carriage returns. Some |
| 354 | consoles may not handle carriage returns properly (which results in a |
| 355 | somewhat messy output). |
| 356 | .ie n .IP """HARNESS_PERL""" 4 |
| 357 | .el .IP "\f(CWHARNESS_PERL\fR" 4 |
| 358 | .IX Item "HARNESS_PERL" |
| 359 | Usually your tests will be run by \f(CW$^X\fR, the currently-executing Perl. |
| 360 | However, you may want to have it run by a different executable, such as |
| 361 | a threading perl, or a different version. |
| 362 | .Sp |
| 363 | If you're using the \fIprove\fR utility, you can use the \f(CW\*(C`\-\-perl\*(C'\fR switch. |
| 364 | .ie n .IP """HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES""" 4 |
| 365 | .el .IP "\f(CWHARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES\fR" 4 |
| 366 | .IX Item "HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES" |
| 367 | Its value will be prepended to the switches used to invoke perl on |
| 368 | each test. For example, setting \f(CW\*(C`HARNESS_PERL_SWITCHES\*(C'\fR to \f(CW\*(C`\-W\*(C'\fR will |
| 369 | run all tests with all warnings enabled. |
| 370 | .ie n .IP """HARNESS_VERBOSE""" 4 |
| 371 | .el .IP "\f(CWHARNESS_VERBOSE\fR" 4 |
| 372 | .IX Item "HARNESS_VERBOSE" |
| 373 | If true, Test::Harness will output the verbose results of running |
| 374 | its tests. Setting \f(CW$Test::Harness::verbose\fR will override this, |
| 375 | or you can use the \f(CW\*(C`\-v\*(C'\fR switch in the \fIprove\fR utility. |
| 376 | .SH "EXAMPLE" |
| 377 | .IX Header "EXAMPLE" |
| 378 | Here's how Test::Harness tests itself |
| 379 | .PP |
| 380 | .Vb 10 |
| 381 | \& $ cd ~/src/devel/Test-Harness |
| 382 | \& $ perl -Mblib -e 'use Test::Harness qw(&runtests $verbose); |
| 383 | \& $verbose=0; runtests @ARGV;' t/*.t |
| 384 | \& Using /home/schwern/src/devel/Test-Harness/blib |
| 385 | \& t/base..............ok |
| 386 | \& t/nonumbers.........ok |
| 387 | \& t/ok................ok |
| 388 | \& t/test-harness......ok |
| 389 | \& All tests successful. |
| 390 | \& Files=4, Tests=24, 2 wallclock secs ( 0.61 cusr + 0.41 csys = 1.02 CPU) |
| 391 | .Ve |
| 392 | .SH "SEE ALSO" |
| 393 | .IX Header "SEE ALSO" |
| 394 | The included \fIprove\fR utility for running test scripts from the command line, |
| 395 | Test and Test::Simple for writing test scripts, Benchmark for |
| 396 | the underlying timing routines, and Devel::Cover for test coverage |
| 397 | analysis. |
| 398 | .SH "TODO" |
| 399 | .IX Header "TODO" |
| 400 | Provide a way of running tests quietly (ie. no printing) for automated |
| 401 | validation of tests. This will probably take the form of a version |
| 402 | of \fIruntests()\fR which rather than printing its output returns raw data |
| 403 | on the state of the tests. (Partially done in Test::Harness::Straps) |
| 404 | .PP |
| 405 | Document the format. |
| 406 | .PP |
| 407 | Fix \s-1HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST\s0 without breaking its core usage. |
| 408 | .PP |
| 409 | Figure a way to report test names in the failure summary. |
| 410 | .PP |
| 411 | Rework the test summary so long test names are not truncated as badly. |
| 412 | (Partially done with new skip test styles) |
| 413 | .PP |
| 414 | Add option for coverage analysis. |
| 415 | .PP |
| 416 | Trap \s-1STDERR\s0. |
| 417 | .PP |
| 418 | Implement Straps \fItotal_results()\fR |
| 419 | .PP |
| 420 | Remember exit code |
| 421 | .PP |
| 422 | Completely redo the print summary code. |
| 423 | .PP |
| 424 | Implement Straps callbacks. (experimentally implemented) |
| 425 | .PP |
| 426 | Straps\->\fIanalyze_file()\fR not taint clean, don't know if it can be |
| 427 | .PP |
| 428 | Fix that damned \s-1VMS\s0 nit. |
| 429 | .PP |
| 430 | \&\s-1HARNESS_TODOFAIL\s0 to display \s-1TODO\s0 failures |
| 431 | .PP |
| 432 | Add a test for verbose. |
| 433 | .PP |
| 434 | Change internal list of test results to a hash. |
| 435 | .PP |
| 436 | Fix stats display when there's an overrun. |
| 437 | .PP |
| 438 | Fix so perls with spaces in the filename work. |
| 439 | .PP |
| 440 | Keeping whittling away at \fI_run_all_tests()\fR |
| 441 | .PP |
| 442 | Clean up how the summary is printed. Get rid of those damned formats. |
| 443 | .SH "BUGS" |
| 444 | .IX Header "BUGS" |
| 445 | \&\s-1HARNESS_COMPILE_TEST\s0 currently assumes it's run from the Perl source |
| 446 | directory. |
| 447 | .PP |
| 448 | Please use the \s-1CPAN\s0 bug ticketing system at <http://rt.cpan.org/>. |
| 449 | You can also mail bugs, fixes and enhancements to |
| 450 | \&\f(CW\*(C`<bug\-test\-harness\*(C'\fR at \f(CW\*(C`rt.cpan.org>\*(C'\fR. |
| 451 | .SH "AUTHORS" |
| 452 | .IX Header "AUTHORS" |
| 453 | Either Tim Bunce or Andreas Koenig, we don't know. What we know for |
| 454 | sure is, that it was inspired by Larry Wall's \s-1TEST\s0 script that came |
| 455 | with perl distributions for ages. Numerous anonymous contributors |
| 456 | exist. Andreas Koenig held the torch for many years, and then |
| 457 | Michael G Schwern. |
| 458 | .PP |
| 459 | Current maintainer is Andy Lester \f(CW\*(C`<andy at petdance.com>\*(C'\fR. |
| 460 | .SH "COPYRIGHT" |
| 461 | .IX Header "COPYRIGHT" |
| 462 | Copyright 2002\-2005 |
| 463 | by Michael G Schwern \f(CW\*(C`<schwern at pobox.com>\*(C'\fR, |
| 464 | Andy Lester \f(CW\*(C`<andy at petdance.com>\*(C'\fR. |
| 465 | .PP |
| 466 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or |
| 467 | modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. |
| 468 | .PP |
| 469 | See <http://www.perl.com/perl/misc/Artistic.html>. |