+# Overview #
+
+This directory contains a 2.11BSD system image for use with the PDP-11
+simulator included in SIMH. If using this image on a real PDP-11, note that
+2.11BSD requires a PDP-11 with Supervisor Mode and requires a split I+D
+machine.
+
+The major change in 2.11BSD was the addition of backported networking code from
+4.3BSD on the VAX. It also incorporates a number of other small 4.3BSD changes
+like long filenames.
+
+Otherwise, 2.11BSD is extremely similar to 2.10BSD. It retains the same 4.3BSD
+structure and system calls and the largely 4.3BSD user-land software. It also
+retains the same hardware support as 2.10BSD which added 22-bit QBus support,
+an MSCP driver, and etc.
+
+This was the final BSD released for the PDP-11 and it feels remarkably modern.
+In fact, the similarities are so strong that no user manuals were ever printed;
+users were simply instructed to use 4.3BSD manuals from the VAX. 2.11BSD is
+also the fastest BSD for the PDP-11, incorporating many backported
+efficiency-related changes from 4.3BSD. For example, whereas ULTRIX-11 V3.0 on
+a PDP-11/73 takes 1.1 seconds to start `vi`, and 2.9BSD takes 0.9 seconds
+(likely due to use of `vfork`), the same `vi` image takes only 0.2 seconds to
+start from the main memory cache on 2.11BSD.
+
+This 2.11BSD system is up to date, currently sitting at patch 450 released on
+Mar 19, 2016. All patches were obtained from <ftp://moe.2bsd.com/pub/2.11BSD/>
+or <https://www.retro11.de/data/211bsd/patches/>. The system was built (and
+rebuilds itself) regularly on `kryten.subgeniuskitty.com`, real PDP-11/83.
+
+
+# Status #
+
+Fully tested on SIMH 3.9-0 and a real PDP-11/83.
+
+
+# Instructions #
+
+
+## Power On ##
+
+To power up a simulated PDP-11/73 and run this 2.11BSD disk image, simply
+un-gzip the disk image file and start up SIMH with the provided configuration
+file.
+
+ % gunzip disk0_ra90_211bsd.dsk.gz
+ % pdp11 simh.conf
+
+ PDP-11 simulator V3.9-0
+ Disabling CR
+ Disabling RK
+ Disabling HK
+ Disabling TM
+ .
+ .Select a kernel at the ':' prompt.
+ .For example, ': ra(0,0,0)unix'.
+ .At the first '#' prompt you are in single-user mode.
+ .Use Ctrl-D to logout and continue the boot.
+ .Login with username 'root' and password 'temppass'.
+ .Shut down with 'sync; sync; halt'.
+ .
+
+ 73Boot from ra(0,0,0) at 0172150
+ :
+
+The `:` prompt is from the bootloader, to whom we must communicate a device and
+file to continue the boot process. We're booting from the first MSCP-compatible
+disc, using the file `/unix`, so type `ra(0,0,0)unix` followed by `ENTER`.
+
+ : ra(0,0,0)unix
+ Boot: bootdev=02400 bootcsr=0172150
+
+ 2.11 BSD UNIX #1: Sat Aug 11 20:38:20 PDT 2018
+ root@curly.2bsd.com:/usr/src/sys/KRYTEN-NONET
+
+ ra0: Ver 3 mod 3
+ ra0: RA90 size=2376153
+
+ phys mem = 4186112
+ avail mem = 3990464
+ user mem = 307200
+
+ August 12 00:03:32 init: configure system
+
+ ra 0 csr 172150 vector 154 vectorset attached
+ cn 1 csr 176500 vector 300 skipped: No CSR.
+ cn 2 csr 176510 vector 310 skipped: No CSR.
+ cn 3 csr 176520 vector 320 skipped: No CSR.
+ cn 4 csr 176530 vector 330 skipped: No CSR.
+ erase, kill ^U, intr ^C
+ #
+
+The system has now booted up to single-user mode and you are logged in as
+`root`. To continue booting to multi-user mode, simply type `Ctrl-d` to log
+out and system startup will proceed.
+
+ # Fast boot ... skipping disk checks
+ checking quotas: done.
+ Assuming non-networking system ...
+ checking for core dump...
+ preserving editor files
+ clearing /tmp
+ standard daemons: update cron accounting.
+ starting lpd
+ starting local daemons: sendmail.
+ Sun Aug 12 00:03:38 PDT 2018
+
+
+ 2.11 BSD UNIX (curly.2bsd.com) (console)
+
+ login:
+
+The system is in multi-user mode. Login as `root` with password `temppass`.
+
+ login: root
+ Password:
+ erase, kill ^U, intr ^C
+ #
+
+That's it! 2.11BSD is up and you're logged in.
+
+The system includes a full set of man pages to get you started. If the Bourne
+shell used on the root account grows tiring, `tcsh` (and others) are already
+installed and include features like tab-completion.
+
+
+## Power Off ##
+
+To power off, assuming you are logged in as `root` and the system is otherwise
+inactive, use the `sync` command to flush any buffers to disk and then `halt`
+to halt the system. On the simulated PDP-11 this drops us back to SIMH's
+command prompt where we can exit the simulation.
+
+ # sync; sync; halt
+ syncing disks... done
+ halting
+
+ HALT instruction, PC: 000014 (MOV #1,10544)
+ sim> quit
+ Goodbye
+
+Note that you can also press `Ctrl-e` at any time and SIMH will halt the PDP-11
+simulation and drop to the `sim>` prompt where you can exit. However, doing
+this is likely to corrupt a disk as it is equivalent to yanking the power cord
+from the wall. To resume from the `sim>` prompt, simply type `go` and execution
+will resume from where it left off..
+
+
+## Ethernet ##
+
+The PDP-11/83 upon which this image normally resides includes a DEC DELQA-T
+ethernet card and this 2.11BSD image is configured to use it. The driver should
+work with any of the DEQNA, DELQA, or DELQA-T cards in a real PDP-11.
+
+SIMH can also emulate a network card, though it requires `libpcap` and some
+manual configuration. Following these instructions will guide you through the
+process:
+
+<http://www.retrocmp.com/how-tos/installing-211bsd-unix-on-pdp-1144/123-installing-211bsd-networking>
+
+## Transfer Files ##
+
+The easiest way to transfer files to/from the running 2.11BSD instance is over
+the network, via FTP. As discussed in the "Ethernet" section, the system is
+preconfigured for network use if running on a real PDP-11 with compatible
+network hardware or via emulation through SIMH. Simply login via FTP as a
+normal user and `GET`/`PUT`/etc to transfer files.
+
+If networking is unavailable, output to the line printer or input/output via
+the paper tape are also an option. The relevant options to enable that hardware
+in SIMH are commented out in `simh.conf`.
+
+This image is also configured to expect a DLV11-J compatible quad serial port
+card installed at the base of the relevant CSR space. These ports, if actually
+present, can be used to transfer files using `kermit`, pre-included in this
+2.11BSD image.
projects / simh-images / commitdiff