.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" %sccs.include.redist.man%
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.\"     @(#)as.1	6.4 (Berkeley) %G%
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.Dd 
.Dt AS 1
.Os BSD 4
.Sh NAME
.Nm as
.Nd VAX-11 assembler
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm as
.Op Fl \&a Ar val
.Op Fl \&d Ar bytes
.Op Fl \&L
.Op Fl \&W
.Op Fl \&V
.Op Fl \&J
.Op Fl \&R
.Op Fl \&t Ar directory
.Op Fl \&o Ar outfile
.Op Ar source_file(s)
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm as
assembler produces an object file from the given source files
or from the standard input.
.Tp Fl a
Specifies the alignment
.Ar value
of procedures and data blocks.
It is given as a power of two; thus an alignment of 3
causes alignment on an eight byte boundary.
The default is
.Cx Fl a
.Li 2
.Cx ,
.Cx
the minumum value is
.Li 1 ,
the maximum value
.Li 16 .
.Tp Fl d
Displacement offset in bytes for displacement values
not defined in the first pass or unspecified in the assembly language.
Possible values are
.Li 1 , 2 ,
or
.Li 4 .
The default is
.Cx Fl d
.Li 4
.Cx ,
.Cx
if
.Fl d
is not given.
.Tp Fl L
Save defined labels beginning with a
\*(LqL\*(Rq, which are normally discarded
to save space in the resultant symbol table.
The compilers generate such temporary labels.
.Tp Fl V
Use virtual memory for some intermediate storage,
rather than a temporary file.
.Tp Fl W
Do not complain about errors.
.Tp Fl J
Use long branches to resolve jumps when byte-displacement branches are
insufficient.  This must be used when a compiler-generated assembly contains
branches of more than 32k bytes.
.Tp Fl R
Make initialized data segments read-only, by concatenating them to
the text segments.
This obviates the need to run editor scripts on assembly
code to make initialized data read-only and shared.
.Tp Fl t
Specifies a directory to receive the temporary file, other than
the default /tmp.
.Tp
.Pp
Symbols remaining undefined upon completion are assumed global
.Pp
Output is either placed in
.Ar outfile,
if given, or sent
placed in
.Pa a.out .
.Sh FILES
.Dw /tmp/as*
.Di L
.Dp Pa tmp/as\(**
default temporary files
.Dp Pa a.out
default resultant object file
.Dp
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr a.out 5 ,
.Xr adb 1 ,
.Xr dbx 1 ,
.Xr ld 1 ,
.Xr nm 1
.Pp
Auxiliary documentation
.Em Assembler Reference Manual .
.Sh AUTHORS
John F. Reiser
.br
Robert R. Henry
.Sh HISTORY
The
.Nm As
appeared as a PDP11
assembler in Version 6 AT&T UNIX.  It has been hacked a bit
at various times to accomodate different DEC hardware, including this
VAX version.
.Sh BUGS
.Fl J
should be eliminated; the assembler should automatically choose among
byte, word and long branches.