.\" Copyright (c) 1981, 1990 The Regents of the University of California. .\" All rights reserved. .\" .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software .\" must display the following acknowledgement: .\" This product includes software developed by the University of .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software .\" without specific prior written permission. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF .\" SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .\" @(#)mt.1 6.7 (Berkeley) 7/28/91 .\" .Dd July 28, 1991 .Dt ST 1 .Os BSD 4 .Sh NAME .Nm st .Nd magnetic tape manipulating program .Sh SYNOPSIS .Nm st .Op Fl f Ar tapename .Ar command .Op Ar count .Sh DESCRIPTION .Nm St is used to give commands to a magnetic tape drive. By default .Nm st performs the requested operation once. Operations may be performed multiple times by specifying .Ar count . Note that .Ar tapename must reference a raw (not block) tape device. .Pp The tape drive will hold density and blocking parameters until the next unmount. In the case of rst0, this is immediately and is therefore of not much use with this device. In the case of nrst0 this may be after several commands when either an offline command is issued or rst0 is openned and closed. If parameters are to be held across unmounts, then they should be made to the control device for each mode.. i.e. the devices with a submode of 3 (minors 3,7,11,15 for example). It is suggested that the operator keep the control device unreadble and unwritable to normal system users, while giving them access to the non-rewind device (e.g. nrst0) on demand. .Pp The available commands are listed below. Only as many characters as are required to uniquely identify a command need be specified. .Bl -tag -width "eof, weof" .It Cm eof , weof Write .Ar count end-of-file marks at the current position on the tape. .It Cm fsf Forward space .Ar count files. .It Cm fsr Forward space .Ar count records. .It Cm bsf Back space .Ar count files. .It Cm bsr Back space .Ar count records. .It Cm rewind Rewind the tape (Count is ignored). .It Cm offline , rewoffl Rewind the tape and place the tape unit off-line (possibly eject) (Count is ignored). .It Cm blocksize Sets the block size characteristics of the openned device to value specified in .Ar count. A 0 means variable sized blocks, and anything else means fixed block, with blocksize as that of .Ar count. .It Cm density Set the density for the openned device (bits 2,3 of minor number) .Ar count density code as specified by the SCSI II specification. Valid values are from 0 to 0x17. .It The different density codes are as follows: 0x0 default for device .br 0xE reserved for ECMA .br Value Tracks Density(bpi) Code Type Reference Note .br 0x1 9 800 NRZI R X3.22-1983 2 .br 0x2 9 1600 PE R X3.39-1986 2 .br 0x3 9 6250 GCR R X3.54-1986 2 .br 0x5 4/9 8000 GCR C X3.136-1986 1 .br 0x6 9 3200 PE R X3.157-1987 2 .br 0x7 4 6400 IMFM C X3.116-1986 1 .br 0x8 4 8000 GCR CS X3.158-1986 1 .br 0x9 18 37871 GCR C X3B5/87-099 2 .br 0xA 22 6667 MFM C X3B5/86-199 1 .br 0xB 4 1600 PE C X3.56-1986 1 .br 0xC 24 12690 GCR C HI-TC1 1,5 .br 0xD 24 25380 GCR C HI-TC2 1,5 .br 0xF 15 10000 GCR C QIC-120 1,5 .br 0x10 18 10000 GCR C QIC-150 1,5 .br 0x11 26 16000 GCR C QIC-320(525?) 1,5 .br 0x12 30 51667 RLL C QIC-1350 1,5 .br 0x13 1 61000 DDS CS X3B5/88-185A 4 .br 0x14 1 43245 RLL CS X3.202-1991 4 .br 0x15 1 45434 RLL CS ECMA TC17 4 .br 0x16 48 10000 MFM C X3.193-1990 1 .br 0x17 48 42500 MFM C X3B5/91-174 1 .br where Code means: .br NRZI Non Return to Zero, change on ones .br GCR Group Code Recording .br PE Phase Encoded .br IMFM Inverted Modified Frequency Modulation .br MFM Modified Frequency Modulation .br DDS Dat Data Storage .br RLL Run Length Encoding .br where Type means: .br R Real-to-Real .br C Cartridge .br CS cassette .br where Notes means: .br 1 Serial Recorded .br 2 Parallel Recorded .br 3 Old format know as QIC-11 .br 4 Helical Scan .br 5 Not ANSI standard, rather industry standard. .br .It Cm status Print status information about the tape unit. Information is printed out about the present active parameters and also the four Operating modes available. .El .Pp If a tape name is not specified, and the environment variable .Ev TAPE does not exist; .Nm st uses the device .Pa /dev/nrst0 . .Pp .Nm St returns a 0 exit status when the operation(s) were successful, 1 if the command was unrecognized, and 2 if an operation failed. .Sh ENVIRONMENT If the following environment variable exists, it is utilized by .Nm st . .Bl -tag -width Fl .It Ev TAPE .Nm St checks the .Ev TAPE environment variable if the argument .Ar tapename is not given. .Sh FILES .Bl -tag -width /dev/rmt* -compact .It Pa /dev/rst* Raw magnetic tape interface .El .Sh SEE ALSO .\".Xr mtio 4 , .Xr st 4 , .Xr dd 1 , .Xr ioctl 2 , .Xr environ 7 .Sh HISTORY The .Nm st command appeared in 386BSD 0.1. .\" mt.1: mtio(4) missing