.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" %sccs.include.redist.man%
.\"
.\"     @(#)as.1	6.6 (Berkeley) %G%
.\"
.Dd 
.Dt AS 1
.Os BSD 4
.Sh NAME
.Nm as
.Nd VAX-11 assembler
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm as
.Op Fl \&a Ar val
.Op Fl \&d Ar bytes
.Op Fl \&L
.Op Fl \&W
.Op Fl \&V
.Op Fl \&J
.Op Fl \&R
.Op Fl \&t Ar directory
.Op Fl \&o Ar outfile
.Op Ar source_file ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
The
.Nm as
assembler produces an object file from the given source files
or from the standard input.
.Bl -tag -width flag
.It Fl a
Specifies the alignment
.Ar value
of procedures and data blocks.
It is given as a power of two; thus an alignment of 3
causes alignment on an eight byte boundary.
The default is
.Fl a Ns Li 2 , 
the minumum value is
.Li 1 ,
the maximum value
.Li 16 .
.It Fl d
Displacement offset in bytes for displacement values
not defined in the first pass or unspecified in the assembly language.
Possible values are
.Li 1 , 2 ,
or
.Li 4 .
The default is
.Fl d Ns Li 4 , 
if
.Fl d
is not given.
.It Fl L
Save defined labels beginning with a
\*(LqL\*(Rq, which are normally discarded
to save space in the resultant symbol table.
The compilers generate such temporary labels.
.It Fl V
Use virtual memory for some intermediate storage,
rather than a temporary file.
.It Fl W
Do not complain about errors.
.It Fl J
Use long branches to resolve jumps when byte-displacement branches are
insufficient.  This must be used when a compiler-generated assembly contains
branches of more than 32k bytes.
.It Fl R
Make initialized data segments read-only, by concatenating them to
the text segments.
This obviates the need to run editor scripts on assembly
code to make initialized data read-only and shared.
.It Fl t
Specifies a directory to receive the temporary file, other than
the default /tmp.
.El
.Pp
Symbols remaining undefined upon completion are assumed global
.Pp
Output is either placed in
.Ar outfile,
if given, or sent
placed in
.Pa a.out .
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /tmp/as* -compact
.It Pa tmp/as\(**
Default temporary files.
.It Pa a.out
Default resultant object file.
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr a.out 5 ,
.Xr adb 1 ,
.Xr dbx 1 ,
.Xr ld 1 ,
.Xr nm 1
.Rs
.%T "Assembler Reference Manual" .
.Re
.Sh AUTHORS
John F. Reiser
Robert R. Henry
.Sh HISTORY
An
.Nm as
command appeared in
.At v6 .
The version described here is derived from the
.At v7
.Nm as .
.Sh BUGS
The flag
.Fl J
should be eliminated; the assembler should automatically choose among
byte, word and long branches.