From: William F. Jolitz Date: Thu, 25 Apr 1991 00:57:20 +0000 (-0800) Subject: 386BSD 0.1 development X-Git-Tag: 386BSD-0.1~1600 X-Git-Url: https://git.subgeniuskitty.com/unix-history/.git/commitdiff_plain/063838dffed5a173ef99d600b949042122fec2fd?hp=0acaa0602db503d0fc4e652d86c02ab190692ab5 386BSD 0.1 development Work on file usr/src/sbin/route/route.8 Co-Authored-By: Lynne Greer Jolitz Synthesized-from: 386BSD-0.1 --- diff --git a/usr/src/sbin/route/route.8 b/usr/src/sbin/route/route.8 new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..db11beadd8 --- /dev/null +++ b/usr/src/sbin/route/route.8 @@ -0,0 +1,297 @@ +.\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. +.\" All rights reserved. +.\" +.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +.\" are met: +.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +.\" must display the following acknowledgement: +.\" This product includes software developed by the University of +.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. +.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +.\" without specific prior written permission. +.\" +.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +.\" SUCH DAMAGE. +.\" +.\" @(#)route.8 6.11 (Berkeley) 3/16/91 +.\" +.Dd March 16, 1991 +.Dt ROUTE 8 +.Os BSD 4.2 +.Sh NAME +.Nm route +.Nd manually manipulate the routing tables (Interim) +.Sh SYNOPSIS +.Nm route +.Op Fl n +.Op Fl q +.Op Fl v +.Ar command +.Oo +.Op Ar modifiers +.Ar args +.Oc +.Sh DESCRIPTION +.Nm Route +is a program used to manually manipulate the network +routing tables. It normally is not needed, as the +system routing table management daemon, +.Xr routed 8 , +should tend to this task. +.Pp +Options supported by +.Nm route : +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width Ds +.It Fl n +Prevent attempts to print host and network names symbolically +when reporting actions. +.It Fl v +(verbose) Print additional details. +.It Fl q +Suppress all output. +.El +.Pp +Commands accepted by +.Nm route : +.Pp +.Bl -tag -width Fl -compact +.It Cm add +Add a route. +.It Cm flush +Remove all routes. +.It Cm delete +Delete a specific route. +.It Cm change +Change aspects of a route (such as its gateway). +.It Cm get +Lookup and display the route for a destination. +.It Cm monitor +Continuously report any changes to the routing information base, +routing lookup misses, or suspected network partionings. +.El +.Pp +The monitor command has the syntax +.Pp +.Bd -filled -offset indent -compact +.Nm route Op Fl n +.Cm monitor +.Ed +.Pp +The flush command has the syntax +.Pp +.Bd -filled -offset indent -compact +.Nm route Op Fl n +.Cm flush +.Op Ar family +.Ed +.Pp +Where the address family may be specified by any of the +.Fl osi , +.Fl xns , +or +.Fl inet +keywords. +.Pp +The other commands have the following syntax: +.Pp +.Bd -filled -offset indent -compact +.Nm route Op Fl n +.Ar command +.Op Fl net No \&| Fl host +.Ar destination gateway +.Ed +.Pp +where +.Ar destination +is the destination host or network, +.Ar gateway +is the next-hop gateway to which packets should be addressed. +Routes to a particular host are distinguished from those to +a network by interpreting the Internet address associated with +.Ar destination . +The optional keywords +.Fl net +and +.Fl host +force the destination to be interpreted as a network or a host, respectively. +Otherwise, if the +.Ar destination +has a ``local address part'' of +INADDR_ANY , +or if the +.Ar destination +is the symbolic name of a network, then the route is +assumed to be to a network; otherwise, it is presumed to be a +route to a host. +.Pp +For example, +.Li 128.32 +is interpreted as +.Fl host Li 128.0.0.32 ; +.Li 128.32.130 +is interpreted as +.Fl host Li 128.32.0.130 ; +.Fl net Li 128.32 +is interpreted as +.Li 128.32.0.0; +and +.Fl net Li 128.32.130 +is interpreted as +.Li 128.32.130.0 . +.Pp +If the route is via an interface rather than +via a gateway, the +.Fl interface +modifier should be specified; +the gateway given is the address of this host on the common network, +indicating the interface to be used for transmission. +.Pp +The optional modifiers +.Fl xns , +and +.Fl osi +specify that all subsequent addresses are in the +.Tn XNS +or +.Tn OSI +address families, +and the names must be numeric specifications rather than +symbolic names. +.Pp +The optional +.Fl netmask +qualifier is intended +to achieve the effect of an +.Tn OSI +.Tn ESIS +redirect with the netmask option. +One specifies an additional ensuing address parameter +(to be interpreted as a network mask). +The implicit network mask generated in the inet case +can be overridden by making sure this option follows the destination parameter. +.Pp +The optional modifiers +.Fl rtt , +.Fl rttvar , +.Fl sendpipe , +.Fl recvpipe , +.Fl mtu , +.Fl hopcount , +.Fl expire , +and +.Fl ssthresh +provide initial values to metrics maintained in the routing entry. +These may be individually locked by preceding each such modifier to +be locked by +the +.Fl lock +meta-modifier, or one can +specify that all ensuing metrics may be locked by the +.Fl lockrest +meta-modifier. +.Pp +In a +.Cm change +or +.Cm add +command where the destination and gateway are not sufficient to specify +the route (as in the +.Tn ISO +case where several interfaces may have the +same address), the +.Fl ifp +or +.Fl ifa +modifiers may be used to determine the interface or interface address. +.Pp +All symbolic names specified for a +.Ar destination +or +.Ar gateway +are looked up first as a host name using +.Xr gethostbyname 3 . +If this lookup fails, +.Xr getnetbyname 3 +is then used to interpret the name as that of a network. +.Pp +.Nm Route +uses a routing socket and the new message types +RTM_ADD, +RTM_DELETE, +RTM_GET, +and +RTM_CHANGE. +As such, only the super-user may modify +the routing tables. +.Pp +If the +.Cm flush +command is specified, +.Nm route +will ``flush'' the routing tables of all gateway entries. +One can choose to flush only those routes whose destinations +are of a given address family, by specifying an optional keyword +describing which address family. +.Sh DIAGNOSTICS +.Bl -tag -width Ds +.It Sy "add [host \&| network ] %s: gateway %s flags %x" +The specified route is being added to the tables. The +values printed are from the routing table entry supplied +in the +.Xr ioctl 2 +call. +If the gateway address used was not the primary address of the gateway +(the first one returned by +.Xr gethostbyname 3 ) , +the gateway address is printed numerically as well as symbolically. +.It Sy "delete [ host &| network ] %s: gateway %s flags %x" +As above, but when deleting an entry. +.It Sy "%s %s done" +When the +.Cm flush +command is specified, each routing table entry deleted +is indicated with a message of this form. +.It Sy "Network is unreachable" +An attempt to add a route failed because the gateway listed was not +on a directly-connected network. +The next-hop gateway must be given. +.It Sy "not in table" +A delete operation was attempted for an entry which +wasn't present in the tables. +.It Sy "routing table overflow" +An add operation was attempted, but the system was +low on resources and was unable to allocate memory +to create the new entry. +.El +.Sh SEE ALSO +.Xr netintro 4 , +.Xr route 4 , +.Xr esis 4 , +.Xr routed 8 , +.Xr XNSrouted 8 +.Sh HISTORY +The +.Nm +command appeared in +.Bx 4.2 . +.Sh BUGS +The first paragraph may have slightly exaggerated +.Xr routed Ns 's +abilities.