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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "TCL-PERL 1"
.TH TCL-PERL 1 "2000-12-30" "perl v5.8.0" "User Contributed Perl Documentation"
.SH "NAME"
Tcl vs perl \- very old suspect documentation on porting.
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
This isn't really a .pod yet, nor is it Tcl vs perl
it is a copy of John's comparison of Malcolm's original perl/Tk
port with the current one. It is also out-of-date in places.
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  From: john@WPI.EDU (John Stoffel )
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 5
\&  Here are some thoughts on the new Tk extension and how I think the
\&  organization of the commands looks.  Mostly, I'm happy with it, it
\&  makes some things more organized and more consistent with tcl/tk, but
\&  since the overlying language is so different, I don't think we need to
\&  follow exactly the tcl/tk model for how to call the language.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  The basic structure of the Tk program is:
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&      require Tk;
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&      $top = MainWindow->new();
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 3
\&      #
\&      # create widgets
\&      #
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&      Tk::MainLoop;
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&      sub method1 {
\&      }
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&      sub methodN {
\&      }
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  This is pretty much the same as tkperl5a5, with some cosmetic naming
\&  changes, and some more useful command name and usage changes.  A quick
\&  comparison in no particular order follows:
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  tkperl5a5                             Tk
\&  -------------------------------       -----------------------------------
\&  $top=tkinit(name,display,sync);       $top=MainWindow->new();
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  tkpack $w, ... ;              $w->pack(...)
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w = Class::new($top, ...);   $w = $top->Class(...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  tkmainloop;                   Tk::MainLoop;
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  tkbind($w,"<key>",sub);               $w->bind("<key>",sub);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  tkdelete($w, ...);            $w->delete(...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w->scanmark(...);            $w->scan("mark", ...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w->scandragto(...);          $w->scan("dragto", ...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w->tkselect();                       $w->Select();
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w->selectadjust(...);                $w->selection("adjust", ...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w->selectto(...);            $w->selection("to", ...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w->selectfrom(...);          $w->selection("from", ...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w->tkindex(...);             $w->index(...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  tclcmd("xxx",...);              &Tk::xxx(...)    # all Tk commands, but no Tcl at all
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  tclcmd("winfo", xxx, $w, ...);  $w->xxx(...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&                                $w->mark(...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&                                $w->tag(...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w->grabstatus();             $w->grab("status");
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w->grabrelease(...);         $w->grab("release", ...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  focus($w);                    $w->focus;
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  update();                     Tk->update();
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  idletasks();                  Tk->update("idletasks");
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  wm("cmd",$w, ...);            $w->cmd(...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  destroy($w);                  $w->destroy();
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&                                Tk::option(...);
\&                                  $w->OptionGet(name,Class)
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&                                $w->place(...)
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&                                Tk::property(...);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w = Entry::new($parent,...)
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  is now
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $w = $parent->Entry(...)
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  As this allows new to be inherited from a Window class.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&    -method=>x,-slave=>y
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&   is now
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&    -command => [x,y]
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  1st element of list is treated as "method" if y is an object reference.
\&  (You can have -command => [a,b,c,d,e] too; b..e get passed as args).
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  Object references are now hashes rather than scalars and there
\&  is only ever one such per window.  The Tcl_CmdInfo and PathName
\&  are entries in the hash.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  (This allows derived classes to
\&  re-bless the hash and keep their on stuff in it too.)
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 4
\&  Tk's "Tcl_Interp" is in fact a ref to "." window.
\&  You can find all the Tk windows descended from it as their object
\&  references get added (by PathName) into this hash.
\&  $w->MainWindow returns this hash from any window.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  I think that it should extend to multiple tkinits / Tk->news
\&  with different Display's - if Tk code does.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  Finally "bind" passes window as "extra" (or only)
\&  argument. Thus
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  Tk::Button->bind(<Any-Enter>,"Enter");
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 4
\&  Binds Enter events to Tk::Button::Enter by default
\&  but gets called as $w->Enter so derived class of Button can just
\&  define its own Enter method. &EvWref and associated globals and race
\&  conditions are no longer needed.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  One thing to beware of : commands bound to events with $widget->bind
\&  follow same pattern, but get passed extra args :
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $widget->bind(<Any-1>,[sub {print shift}, $one, $two ]);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  When sub gets called it has :
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&     $widget $one $two
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  passed.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  1st extra arg is reference to the per-widget hash that serves as the
\&  perl object for the widget.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  Every time an XEvent a reference to a special class is placed
\&  in the widget hash. It can be retrieved by $w->XEvent method.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  The methods of the XEvent class are the
\&  Tcl/Tk % special characters.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  Thus:
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 6
\&  $widget->bind(<Any-KeyPress>,
\&                sub {
\&                 my $w = shift;
\&                 my $e = $w->XEvent;
\&                 print $w->PathName," ",$e->A," pressed ,$e->xy,"\en");
\&                });
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  XEvent->xy is a special case which returns "@" . $e->x . "," . $e->y
\&  which is common in Text package.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 2
\&  Because of passing a blessed widget hash to "bound" subs they can be
\&  bound to (possibly inherited) methods of the widget's class:
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  Class->bind(<Any-Down>,Down);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 5
\&  sub Class::Down
\&  {
\&   my $w = shift;
\&   # handle down arrow
\&  }
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  Also:
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  -command and friends can take a list the 1st element can be a ref to
\&  as sub or a method name. Remaining elements are passed as args to the
\&  sub at "invoke" time. Thus :
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  $b= $w->Button(blah blah, '-command' => [sub{print shift} , $fred ]);
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 1
\&  Should do the trick, provided $fred is defined at time of button creation.
.Ve
.PP
.Vb 3
\&  Thus 1st element of list is equivalent to Malcolm's -method and second
\&  would be his -slave.  Any further elements are a bonus and avoid
\&  having to pass ref to an array/hash as a slave.
.Ve