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55 | <H1><A NAME="SECTION0082500000000000000000"> | |
56 | 6.25 <tt class="module">fnmatch</tt> -- | |
57 | <span class="Unix">Unix</span> filename pattern matching</A> | |
58 | </H1> | |
59 | ||
60 | <P> | |
61 | <A NAME="module-fnmatch"></A> | |
62 | ||
63 | <P> | |
64 | <a id='l2h-2345' xml:id='l2h-2345'></a> | |
65 | ||
66 | <P> | |
67 | This module provides support for <span class="Unix">Unix</span> shell-style wildcards, which | |
68 | are <em>not</em> the same as regular expressions (which are documented | |
69 | in the <tt class="module"><a href="module-re.html">re</a></tt><a id='l2h-2346' xml:id='l2h-2346'></a> module). The special | |
70 | characters used in shell-style wildcards are: | |
71 | ||
72 | <P> | |
73 | <div class="center"><table class="realtable"> | |
74 | <thead> | |
75 | <tr> | |
76 | <th class="center">Pattern</th> | |
77 | <th class="left" >Meaning</th> | |
78 | </tr> | |
79 | </thead> | |
80 | <tbody> | |
81 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>*</code></td> | |
82 | <td class="left" >matches everything</td></tr> | |
83 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>?</code></td> | |
84 | <td class="left" >matches any single character</td></tr> | |
85 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>[<var>seq</var>]</code></td> | |
86 | <td class="left" >matches any character in <var>seq</var></td></tr> | |
87 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>[!<var>seq</var>]</code></td> | |
88 | <td class="left" >matches any character not in <var>seq</var></td></tr></tbody> | |
89 | </table></div> | |
90 | ||
91 | <P> | |
92 | Note that the filename separator (<code>'/'</code> on <span class="Unix">Unix</span>) is <em>not</em> | |
93 | special to this module. See module | |
94 | <tt class="module"><a href="module-glob.html">glob</a></tt><a id='l2h-2347' xml:id='l2h-2347'></a> for pathname expansion | |
95 | (<tt class="module"><a href="module-glob.html">glob</a></tt> uses <tt class="function">fnmatch()</tt> to match pathname | |
96 | segments). Similarly, filenames starting with a period are | |
97 | not special for this module, and are matched by the <code>*</code> and | |
98 | <code>?</code> patterns. | |
99 | ||
100 | <P> | |
101 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
102 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-2342' xml:id='l2h-2342' class="function">fnmatch</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
103 | <td><var>filename, pattern</var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
104 | <dd> | |
105 | Test whether the <var>filename</var> string matches the <var>pattern</var> | |
106 | string, returning true or false. If the operating system is | |
107 | case-insensitive, then both parameters will be normalized to all | |
108 | lower- or upper-case before the comparison is performed. If you | |
109 | require a case-sensitive comparison regardless of whether that's | |
110 | standard for your operating system, use <tt class="function">fnmatchcase()</tt> | |
111 | instead. | |
112 | </dl> | |
113 | ||
114 | <P> | |
115 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
116 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-2343' xml:id='l2h-2343' class="function">fnmatchcase</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
117 | <td><var>filename, pattern</var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
118 | <dd> | |
119 | Test whether <var>filename</var> matches <var>pattern</var>, returning true or | |
120 | false; the comparison is case-sensitive. | |
121 | </dl> | |
122 | ||
123 | <P> | |
124 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
125 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-2344' xml:id='l2h-2344' class="function">filter</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
126 | <td><var>names, pattern</var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
127 | <dd> | |
128 | Return the subset of the list of <var>names</var> that match <var>pattern</var>. | |
129 | It is the same as <code>[n for n in names if fnmatch(n, pattern)]</code>, but | |
130 | implemented more efficiently. | |
131 | ||
132 | <span class="versionnote">New in version 2.2.</span> | |
133 | ||
134 | </dl> | |
135 | ||
136 | <P> | |
137 | <div class="seealso"> | |
138 | <p class="heading">See Also:</p> | |
139 | ||
140 | <dl compact="compact" class="seemodule"> | |
141 | <dt>Module <b><tt class="module"><a href="module-glob.html">glob</a></tt>:</b> | |
142 | <dd><span class="Unix">Unix</span> shell-style path expansion. | |
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