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Initial commit of OpenSPARC T2 design and verification files.
[OpenSPARC-T2-DV] / tools / src / nas,5.n2.os.2 / lib / python / html / python / lib / module-pwd.html
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17<title>8.2 pwd -- The password database</title>
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54
55<H1><A NAME="SECTION0010200000000000000000">
568.2 <tt class="module">pwd</tt> --
57 The password database</A>
58</H1>
59
60<P>
61<A NAME="module-pwd"></A>
62<p class="availability">Availability: <span
63 class="platform">Unix</span>.</p>
64
65<P>
66This module provides access to the <span class="Unix">Unix</span> user account and password
67database. It is available on all <span class="Unix">Unix</span> versions.
68
69<P>
70Password database entries are reported as a tuple-like object, whose
71attributes correspond to the members of the <code>passwd</code> structure
72(Attribute field below, see <code>&lt;pwd.h&gt;</code>):
73
74<P>
75<div class="center"><table class="realtable">
76 <thead>
77 <tr>
78 <th class="right" >Index</th>
79 <th class="left" >Attribute</th>
80 <th class="left" >Meaning</th>
81 </tr>
82 </thead>
83 <tbody>
84 <tr><td class="right" valign="baseline">0</td>
85 <td class="left" ><code>pw_name</code></td>
86 <td class="left" >Login name</td></tr>
87 <tr><td class="right" valign="baseline">1</td>
88 <td class="left" ><code>pw_passwd</code></td>
89 <td class="left" >Optional encrypted password</td></tr>
90 <tr><td class="right" valign="baseline">2</td>
91 <td class="left" ><code>pw_uid</code></td>
92 <td class="left" >Numerical user ID</td></tr>
93 <tr><td class="right" valign="baseline">3</td>
94 <td class="left" ><code>pw_gid</code></td>
95 <td class="left" >Numerical group ID</td></tr>
96 <tr><td class="right" valign="baseline">4</td>
97 <td class="left" ><code>pw_gecos</code></td>
98 <td class="left" >User name or comment field</td></tr>
99 <tr><td class="right" valign="baseline">5</td>
100 <td class="left" ><code>pw_dir</code></td>
101 <td class="left" >User home directory</td></tr>
102 <tr><td class="right" valign="baseline">6</td>
103 <td class="left" ><code>pw_shell</code></td>
104 <td class="left" >User command interpreter</td></tr></tbody>
105</table></div>
106
107<P>
108The uid and gid items are integers, all others are strings.
109<tt class="exception">KeyError</tt> is raised if the entry asked for cannot be found.
110
111<P>
112<span class="note"><b class="label">Note:</b>
113In traditional <span class="Unix">Unix</span> the field <code>pw_passwd</code> usually
114contains a password encrypted with a DES derived algorithm (see module
115<tt class="module"><a href="module-crypt.html">crypt</a></tt><a id='l2h-2973' xml:id='l2h-2973'></a>). However most modern unices
116use a so-called <em>shadow password</em> system. On those unices the
117<var>pw_passwd</var> field only contains an asterisk (<code>'*'</code>) or the
118letter "<tt class="character">x</tt>" where the encrypted password is stored in a file
119<span class="file">/etc/shadow</span> which is not world readable. Whether the <var>pw_passwd</var>
120field contains anything useful is system-dependent.</span>
121
122<P>
123It defines the following items:
124
125<P>
126<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
127 <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-2974' xml:id='l2h-2974' class="function">getpwuid</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
128 <td><var>uid</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
129<dd>
130Return the password database entry for the given numeric user ID.
131</dl>
132
133<P>
134<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
135 <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-2975' xml:id='l2h-2975' class="function">getpwnam</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
136 <td><var>name</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
137<dd>
138Return the password database entry for the given user name.
139</dl>
140
141<P>
142<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
143 <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-2976' xml:id='l2h-2976' class="function">getpwall</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
144 <td><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
145<dd>
146Return a list of all available password database entries, in arbitrary order.
147</dl>
148
149<P>
150<div class="seealso">
151 <p class="heading">See Also:</p>
152
153 <dl compact="compact" class="seemodule">
154 <dt>Module <b><tt class="module"><a href="module-grp.html">grp</a></tt>:</b>
155 <dd>An interface to the group database, similar to this.
156 </dl>
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Full OpenSPARC design & verification tarball including full HDL.