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17 | <title>2.8 FrameWork -- Interactive application framework</title> | |
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55 | <H1><A NAME="SECTION004800000000000000000"> | |
56 | 2.8 <tt class="module">FrameWork</tt> -- | |
57 | Interactive application framework</A> | |
58 | </H1> | |
59 | ||
60 | <P> | |
61 | <A NAME="module-FrameWork"></A> | |
62 | <p class="availability">Availability: <span | |
63 | class="platform">Macintosh</span>.</p> | |
64 | ||
65 | <P> | |
66 | The <tt class="module">FrameWork</tt> module contains classes that together provide a | |
67 | framework for an interactive Macintosh application. The programmer | |
68 | builds an application by creating subclasses that override various | |
69 | methods of the bases classes, thereby implementing the functionality | |
70 | wanted. Overriding functionality can often be done on various | |
71 | different levels, i.e. to handle clicks in a single dialog window in a | |
72 | non-standard way it is not necessary to override the complete event | |
73 | handling. | |
74 | ||
75 | <P> | |
76 | Work on the <tt class="module">FrameWork</tt> has pretty much stopped, now that | |
77 | <tt class="module">PyObjC</tt> is available for full Cocoa access from Python, and the | |
78 | documentation describes only the most important functionality, and not | |
79 | in the most logical manner at that. Examine the source or the examples | |
80 | for more details. The following are some comments posted on the | |
81 | MacPython newsgroup about the strengths and limitations of | |
82 | <tt class="module">FrameWork</tt>: | |
83 | ||
84 | <P> | |
85 | <BLOCKQUOTE> | |
86 | The strong point of <tt class="module">FrameWork</tt> is that it allows you to break | |
87 | into the control-flow at many different places. <tt class="module"><a href="module-W.html">W</a></tt>, for | |
88 | instance, uses a different way to enable/disable menus and that plugs | |
89 | right in leaving the rest intact. The weak points of | |
90 | <tt class="module">FrameWork</tt> are that it has no abstract command interface (but | |
91 | that shouldn't be difficult), that it's dialog support is minimal and | |
92 | that it's control/toolbar support is non-existent. | |
93 | ||
94 | </BLOCKQUOTE> | |
95 | ||
96 | <P> | |
97 | The <tt class="module">FrameWork</tt> module defines the following functions: | |
98 | ||
99 | <P> | |
100 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
101 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-98' xml:id='l2h-98' class="function">Application</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
102 | <td><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
103 | <dd> | |
104 | An object representing the complete application. See below for a | |
105 | description of the methods. The default <tt class="method">__init__()</tt> routine | |
106 | creates an empty window dictionary and a menu bar with an apple menu. | |
107 | </dl> | |
108 | ||
109 | <P> | |
110 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
111 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-99' xml:id='l2h-99' class="function">MenuBar</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
112 | <td><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
113 | <dd> | |
114 | An object representing the menubar. This object is usually not created | |
115 | by the user. | |
116 | </dl> | |
117 | ||
118 | <P> | |
119 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
120 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-100' xml:id='l2h-100' class="function">Menu</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
121 | <td><var>bar, title</var><big>[</big><var>, after</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
122 | <dd> | |
123 | An object representing a menu. Upon creation you pass the | |
124 | <code>MenuBar</code> the menu appears in, the <var>title</var> string and a | |
125 | position (1-based) <var>after</var> where the menu should appear (default: | |
126 | at the end). | |
127 | </dl> | |
128 | ||
129 | <P> | |
130 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
131 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-101' xml:id='l2h-101' class="function">MenuItem</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
132 | <td><var>menu, title</var><big>[</big><var>, shortcut, callback</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
133 | <dd> | |
134 | Create a menu item object. The arguments are the menu to create, the | |
135 | item title string and optionally the keyboard shortcut | |
136 | and a callback routine. The callback is called with the arguments | |
137 | menu-id, item number within menu (1-based), current front window and | |
138 | the event record. | |
139 | ||
140 | <P> | |
141 | Instead of a callable object the callback can also be a string. In | |
142 | this case menu selection causes the lookup of a method in the topmost | |
143 | window and the application. The method name is the callback string | |
144 | with <code>'domenu_'</code> prepended. | |
145 | ||
146 | <P> | |
147 | Calling the <code>MenuBar</code> <tt class="method">fixmenudimstate()</tt> method sets the | |
148 | correct dimming for all menu items based on the current front window. | |
149 | </dl> | |
150 | ||
151 | <P> | |
152 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
153 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-102' xml:id='l2h-102' class="function">Separator</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
154 | <td><var>menu</var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
155 | <dd> | |
156 | Add a separator to the end of a menu. | |
157 | </dl> | |
158 | ||
159 | <P> | |
160 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
161 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-103' xml:id='l2h-103' class="function">SubMenu</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
162 | <td><var>menu, label</var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
163 | <dd> | |
164 | Create a submenu named <var>label</var> under menu <var>menu</var>. The menu | |
165 | object is returned. | |
166 | </dl> | |
167 | ||
168 | <P> | |
169 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
170 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-104' xml:id='l2h-104' class="function">Window</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
171 | <td><var>parent</var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
172 | <dd> | |
173 | Creates a (modeless) window. <var>Parent</var> is the application object to | |
174 | which the window belongs. The window is not displayed until later. | |
175 | </dl> | |
176 | ||
177 | <P> | |
178 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
179 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-105' xml:id='l2h-105' class="function">DialogWindow</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
180 | <td><var>parent</var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
181 | <dd> | |
182 | Creates a modeless dialog window. | |
183 | </dl> | |
184 | ||
185 | <P> | |
186 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
187 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-106' xml:id='l2h-106' class="function">windowbounds</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
188 | <td><var>width, height</var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
189 | <dd> | |
190 | Return a <code>(<var>left</var>, <var>top</var>, <var>right</var>, <var>bottom</var>)</code> | |
191 | tuple suitable for creation of a window of given width and height. The | |
192 | window will be staggered with respect to previous windows, and an | |
193 | attempt is made to keep the whole window on-screen. However, the window will | |
194 | however always be the exact size given, so parts may be offscreen. | |
195 | </dl> | |
196 | ||
197 | <P> | |
198 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
199 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-107' xml:id='l2h-107' class="function">setwatchcursor</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
200 | <td><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
201 | <dd> | |
202 | Set the mouse cursor to a watch. | |
203 | </dl> | |
204 | ||
205 | <P> | |
206 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
207 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-108' xml:id='l2h-108' class="function">setarrowcursor</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
208 | <td><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
209 | <dd> | |
210 | Set the mouse cursor to an arrow. | |
211 | </dl> | |
212 | ||
213 | <P> | |
214 | ||
215 | <p><br /></p><hr class='online-navigation' /> | |
216 | <div class='online-navigation'> | |
217 | <!--Table of Child-Links--> | |
218 | <A NAME="CHILD_LINKS"><STRONG>Subsections</STRONG></a> | |
219 | ||
220 | <UL CLASS="ChildLinks"> | |
221 | <LI><A href="application-objects.html">2.8.1 Application Objects</a> | |
222 | <LI><A href="window-objects.html">2.8.2 Window Objects</a> | |
223 | <LI><A href="controlswindow-object.html">2.8.3 ControlsWindow Object</a> | |
224 | <LI><A href="scrolledwindow-object.html">2.8.4 ScrolledWindow Object</a> | |
225 | <LI><A href="dialogwindow-objects.html">2.8.5 DialogWindow Objects</a> | |
226 | </ul> | |
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263 | <hr /> | |
264 | <span class="release-info">Release 2.4.2, documentation updated on 28 September 2005.</span> | |
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