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<H1><A NAME="SECTION004200000000000000000">
2.2 <tt class="module">macfs</tt> --
         Various file system services</A>
</H1>

<P>
<A NAME="module-macfs"></A>  
<p class="availability">Availability: <span
 class="platform">Macintosh</span>.</p>

<P>
<div class="versionnote"><b>Deprecated since release 2.3.</b>
The macfs module should be considered obsolete. For
<tt class="class">FSSpec</tt>, <tt class="class">FSRef</tt> and <tt class="class">Alias</tt> handling use the
<tt class="module">Carbon.File</tt> or <tt class="module"><a href="module-Carbon.Folder.html">Carbon.Folder</a></tt> module. For file
dialogs use the <tt class="module"><a href="module-EasyDialogs.html">EasyDialogs</a></tt> module.  Also, this module is
known to not work correctly with UFS partitions.</div><p></p>

<P>
This module provides access to Macintosh <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> handling, the
Alias Manager, <b class="program">finder</b> aliases and the Standard File package.
<a id='l2h-17' xml:id='l2h-17'></a>

<P>
Whenever a function or method expects a <var>file</var> argument, this
argument can be one of three things: (1) a full or partial Macintosh
pathname, (2) an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object or (3) a 3-tuple
<code>(<var>wdRefNum</var>, <var>parID</var>, <var>name</var>)</code> as described in
<em class="citetitle"
 >Inside Macintosh: Files</em>. An <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> can point to
a non-existing file, as long as the folder containing the file exists.
Under MacPython the same is true for a pathname, but not under unix-Pyton
because of the way pathnames and FSRefs works. See Apple's documentation
for details.

<P>
A description of aliases and the
Standard File package can also be found there.

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-4' xml:id='l2h-4' class="function">FSSpec</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var>file</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Create an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object for the specified file.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-5' xml:id='l2h-5' class="function">RawFSSpec</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var>data</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Create an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object given the raw data for the C
structure for the <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> as a string.  This is mainly useful
if you have obtained an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> structure over a network.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-6' xml:id='l2h-6' class="function">RawAlias</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var>data</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Create an <tt class="class">Alias</tt> object given the raw data for the C
structure for the alias as a string.  This is mainly useful if you
have obtained an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> structure over a network.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-7' xml:id='l2h-7' class="function">FInfo</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Create a zero-filled <tt class="class">FInfo</tt> object.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-8' xml:id='l2h-8' class="function">ResolveAliasFile</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var>file</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Resolve an alias file. Returns a 3-tuple <code>(<var>fsspec</var>,
<var>isfolder</var>, <var>aliased</var>)</code> where <var>fsspec</var> is the resulting
<tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object, <var>isfolder</var> is true if <var>fsspec</var> points
to a folder and <var>aliased</var> is true if the file was an alias in the
first place (otherwise the <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object for the file itself
is returned).
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-9' xml:id='l2h-9' class="function">StandardGetFile</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var></var><big>[</big><var>type, ...</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Present the user with a standard ``open input file''
dialog. Optionally, you can pass up to four 4-character file types to limit
the files the user can choose from. The function returns an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt>
object and a flag indicating that the user completed the dialog
without cancelling.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-10' xml:id='l2h-10' class="function">PromptGetFile</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var>prompt</var><big>[</big><var>, type, ...</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Similar to <tt class="function">StandardGetFile()</tt> but allows you to specify a
prompt which will be displayed at the top of the dialog.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-11' xml:id='l2h-11' class="function">StandardPutFile</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var>prompt</var><big>[</big><var>, default</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Present the user with a standard ``open output file''
dialog. <var>prompt</var> is the prompt string, and the optional
<var>default</var> argument initializes the output file name. The function
returns an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object and a flag indicating that the user
completed the dialog without cancelling.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-12' xml:id='l2h-12' class="function">GetDirectory</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var></var><big>[</big><var>prompt</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Present the user with a non-standard ``select a directory'' dialog.  You
have to first open the directory before clicking on the ``select current
directory'' button. <var>prompt</var> is the prompt string which will be
displayed at the top of the dialog. Return an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object and
a success-indicator.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-13' xml:id='l2h-13' class="function">SetFolder</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var></var><big>[</big><var>fsspec</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Set the folder that is initially presented to the user when one of
the file selection dialogs is presented. <var>fsspec</var> should point to
a file in the folder, not the folder itself (the file need not exist,
though). If no argument is passed the folder will be set to the
current directory, i.e. what <tt class="function">os.getcwd()</tt> returns.

<P>
Note that starting with System 7.5 the user can change Standard File
behaviour with the ``general controls'' control panel, thereby making
this call inoperative.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-14' xml:id='l2h-14' class="function">FindFolder</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var>where, which, create</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Locates one of the ``special'' folders that Mac OS knows about, such as
the trash or the Preferences folder. <var>where</var> is the disk to
search, <var>which</var> is the 4-character string specifying which folder to
locate. Setting <var>create</var> causes the folder to be created if it
does not exist. Returns a <code>(<var>vrefnum</var>, <var>dirid</var>)</code> tuple.

<P>
The constants for <var>where</var> and <var>which</var> can be obtained from the
standard module <var>Carbon.Folders</var>.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-15' xml:id='l2h-15' class="function">NewAliasMinimalFromFullPath</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var>pathname</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Return a minimal <tt class="class">alias</tt> object that points to the given file, which
must be specified as a full pathname. This is the only way to create an
<tt class="class">Alias</tt> pointing to a non-existing file.

<P>
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-16' xml:id='l2h-16' class="function">FindApplication</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var>creator</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
Locate the application with 4-character creator code <var>creator</var>. The
function returns an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object pointing to the application.
</dl>

<P>

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<A NAME="CHILD_LINKS"><STRONG>Subsections</STRONG></a>

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<LI><A href="fsspec-objects.html">2.2.1 FSSpec Objects</a>
<LI><A href="alias-objects.html">2.2.2 Alias Objects</a>
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<span class="release-info">Release 2.4.2, documentation updated on 28 September 2005.</span>
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	54
	55	<H1><A NAME="SECTION004200000000000000000">
	56	2.2 <tt class="module">macfs</tt> --
	57	Various file system services</A>
	58	</H1>
	59
	60	<P>
	61	<A NAME="module-macfs"></A>
	62	<p class="availability">Availability: <span
	63	class="platform">Macintosh</span>.</p>
	64
65	<P>
66	<div class="versionnote"><b>Deprecated since release 2.3.</b>
67	The macfs module should be considered obsolete. For
68	<tt class="class">FSSpec</tt>, <tt class="class">FSRef</tt> and <tt class="class">Alias</tt> handling use the
69	<tt class="module">Carbon.File</tt> or <tt class="module"><a href="module-Carbon.Folder.html">Carbon.Folder</a></tt> module. For file
70	dialogs use the <tt class="module"><a href="module-EasyDialogs.html">EasyDialogs</a></tt> module. Also, this module is
71	known to not work correctly with UFS partitions.</div><p></p>
72
73	<P>
74	This module provides access to Macintosh <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> handling, the
75	Alias Manager, <b class="program">finder</b> aliases and the Standard File package.
76	<a id='l2h-17' xml:id='l2h-17'></a>
77
78	<P>
79	Whenever a function or method expects a <var>file</var> argument, this
80	argument can be one of three things: (1) a full or partial Macintosh
81	pathname, (2) an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object or (3) a 3-tuple
82	<code>(<var>wdRefNum</var>, <var>parID</var>, <var>name</var>)</code> as described in
83	<em class="citetitle"
84	>Inside Macintosh: Files</em>. An <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> can point to
85	a non-existing file, as long as the folder containing the file exists.
86	Under MacPython the same is true for a pathname, but not under unix-Pyton
87	because of the way pathnames and FSRefs works. See Apple's documentation
88	for details.
89
90	<P>
91	A description of aliases and the
92	Standard File package can also be found there.
93
94	<P>
95	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
96	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-4' xml:id='l2h-4' class="function">FSSpec</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
97	<td><var>file</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
98	<dd>
99	Create an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object for the specified file.
100	</dl>
101
102	<P>
103	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
104	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-5' xml:id='l2h-5' class="function">RawFSSpec</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
105	<td><var>data</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
106	<dd>
107	Create an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object given the raw data for the C
108	structure for the <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> as a string. This is mainly useful
109	if you have obtained an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> structure over a network.
110	</dl>
111
112	<P>
113	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
114	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-6' xml:id='l2h-6' class="function">RawAlias</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
115	<td><var>data</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
116	<dd>
117	Create an <tt class="class">Alias</tt> object given the raw data for the C
118	structure for the alias as a string. This is mainly useful if you
119	have obtained an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> structure over a network.
120	</dl>
121
122	<P>
123	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
124	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-7' xml:id='l2h-7' class="function">FInfo</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
125	<td><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
126	<dd>
127	Create a zero-filled <tt class="class">FInfo</tt> object.
128	</dl>
129
130	<P>
131	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
132	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-8' xml:id='l2h-8' class="function">ResolveAliasFile</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
133	<td><var>file</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
134	<dd>
135	Resolve an alias file. Returns a 3-tuple <code>(<var>fsspec</var>,
136	<var>isfolder</var>, <var>aliased</var>)</code> where <var>fsspec</var> is the resulting
137	<tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object, <var>isfolder</var> is true if <var>fsspec</var> points
138	to a folder and <var>aliased</var> is true if the file was an alias in the
139	first place (otherwise the <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object for the file itself
140	is returned).
141	</dl>
142
143	<P>
144	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
145	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-9' xml:id='l2h-9' class="function">StandardGetFile</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
146	<td><var></var><big>[</big><var>type, ...</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
147	<dd>
148	Present the user with a standard ``open input file''
149	dialog. Optionally, you can pass up to four 4-character file types to limit
150	the files the user can choose from. The function returns an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt>
151	object and a flag indicating that the user completed the dialog
152	without cancelling.
153	</dl>
154
155	<P>
156	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
157	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-10' xml:id='l2h-10' class="function">PromptGetFile</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
158	<td><var>prompt</var><big>[</big><var>, type, ...</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
159	<dd>
160	Similar to <tt class="function">StandardGetFile()</tt> but allows you to specify a
161	prompt which will be displayed at the top of the dialog.
162	</dl>
163
164	<P>
165	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
166	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-11' xml:id='l2h-11' class="function">StandardPutFile</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
167	<td><var>prompt</var><big>[</big><var>, default</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
168	<dd>
169	Present the user with a standard ``open output file''
170	dialog. <var>prompt</var> is the prompt string, and the optional
171	<var>default</var> argument initializes the output file name. The function
172	returns an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object and a flag indicating that the user
173	completed the dialog without cancelling.
174	</dl>
175
176	<P>
177	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
178	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-12' xml:id='l2h-12' class="function">GetDirectory</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
179	<td><var></var><big>[</big><var>prompt</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
180	<dd>
181	Present the user with a non-standard ``select a directory'' dialog. You
182	have to first open the directory before clicking on the ``select current
183	directory'' button. <var>prompt</var> is the prompt string which will be
184	displayed at the top of the dialog. Return an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object and
185	a success-indicator.
186	</dl>
187
188	<P>
189	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
190	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-13' xml:id='l2h-13' class="function">SetFolder</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
191	<td><var></var><big>[</big><var>fsspec</var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
192	<dd>
193	Set the folder that is initially presented to the user when one of
194	the file selection dialogs is presented. <var>fsspec</var> should point to
195	a file in the folder, not the folder itself (the file need not exist,
196	though). If no argument is passed the folder will be set to the
197	current directory, i.e. what <tt class="function">os.getcwd()</tt> returns.
198
199	<P>
200	Note that starting with System 7.5 the user can change Standard File
201	behaviour with the ``general controls'' control panel, thereby making
202	this call inoperative.
203	</dl>
204
205	<P>
206	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
207	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-14' xml:id='l2h-14' class="function">FindFolder</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
208	<td><var>where, which, create</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
209	<dd>
210	Locates one of the ``special'' folders that Mac OS knows about, such as
211	the trash or the Preferences folder. <var>where</var> is the disk to
212	search, <var>which</var> is the 4-character string specifying which folder to
213	locate. Setting <var>create</var> causes the folder to be created if it
214	does not exist. Returns a <code>(<var>vrefnum</var>, <var>dirid</var>)</code> tuple.
215
216	<P>
217	The constants for <var>where</var> and <var>which</var> can be obtained from the
218	standard module <var>Carbon.Folders</var>.
219	</dl>
220
221	<P>
222	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
223	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-15' xml:id='l2h-15' class="function">NewAliasMinimalFromFullPath</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
224	<td><var>pathname</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
225	<dd>
226	Return a minimal <tt class="class">alias</tt> object that points to the given file, which
227	must be specified as a full pathname. This is the only way to create an
228	<tt class="class">Alias</tt> pointing to a non-existing file.
229
230	<P>
231	</dl>
232
233	<P>
234	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
235	<td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-16' xml:id='l2h-16' class="function">FindApplication</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
236	<td><var>creator</var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
237	<dd>
238	Locate the application with 4-character creator code <var>creator</var>. The
239	function returns an <tt class="class">FSSpec</tt> object pointing to the application.
240	</dl>
241
242	<P>
243
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248
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251	<LI><A href="alias-objects.html">2.2.2 Alias Objects</a>
252	<LI><A href="finfo-objects.html">2.2.3 FInfo Objects</a>
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