"""Wrapper functions for Tcl/Tk.
Tkinter provides classes which allow the display, positioning and
control of widgets. Toplevel widgets are Tk and Toplevel. Other
widgets are Frame, Label, Entry, Text, Canvas, Button, Radiobutton,
Checkbutton, Scale, Listbox, Scrollbar, OptionMenu, Spinbox
LabelFrame and PanedWindow.
Properties of the widgets are specified with keyword arguments.
Keyword arguments have the same name as the corresponding resource
Widgets are positioned with one of the geometry managers Place, Pack
or Grid. These managers can be called with methods place, pack, grid
available in every Widget.
Actions are bound to events by resources (e.g. keyword argument
command) or with the method bind.
from Tkconstants import *
frame = Tkinter.Frame(tk, relief=RIDGE, borderwidth=2)
frame.pack(fill=BOTH,expand=1)
label = Tkinter.Label(frame, text="Hello, World")
label.pack(fill=X, expand=1)
button = Tkinter.Button(frame,text="Exit",command=tk.destroy)
__version__
= "$Revision: 1.181.2.2 $"
if sys
.platform
== "win32":
import FixTk
# Attempt to configure Tcl/Tk without requiring PATH
import _tkinter
# If this fails your Python may not be configured for Tk
tkinter
= _tkinter
# b/w compat for export
TclError
= _tkinter
.TclError
from Tkconstants
import *
import MacOS
; _MacOS
= MacOS
; del MacOS
TkVersion
= float(_tkinter
.TK_VERSION
)
TclVersion
= float(_tkinter
.TCL_VERSION
)
READABLE
= _tkinter
.READABLE
WRITABLE
= _tkinter
.WRITABLE
EXCEPTION
= _tkinter
.EXCEPTION
# These are not always defined, e.g. not on Win32 with Tk 8.0 :-(
try: _tkinter
.createfilehandler
except AttributeError: _tkinter
.createfilehandler
= None
try: _tkinter
.deletefilehandler
except AttributeError: _tkinter
.deletefilehandler
= None
if type(item
) in (TupleType
, ListType
):
res
= res
+ _flatten(item
)
try: _flatten
= _tkinter
._flatten
except AttributeError: pass
if type(cnfs
) is DictionaryType
:
elif type(cnfs
) in (NoneType
, StringType
):
except (AttributeError, TypeError), msg
:
print "_cnfmerge: fallback due to:", msg
try: _cnfmerge
= _tkinter
._cnfmerge
except AttributeError: pass
"""Container for the properties of an event.
Instances of this type are generated if one of the following events occurs:
KeyPress, KeyRelease - for keyboard events
ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, Motion, Enter, Leave, MouseWheel - for mouse events
Visibility, Unmap, Map, Expose, FocusIn, FocusOut, Circulate,
Colormap, Gravity, Reparent, Property, Destroy, Activate,
Deactivate - for window events.
If a callback function for one of these events is registered
using bind, bind_all, bind_class, or tag_bind, the callback is
called with an Event as first argument. It will have the
following attributes (in braces are the event types for which
serial - serial number of event
num - mouse button pressed (ButtonPress, ButtonRelease)
focus - whether the window has the focus (Enter, Leave)
height - height of the exposed window (Configure, Expose)
width - width of the exposed window (Configure, Expose)
keycode - keycode of the pressed key (KeyPress, KeyRelease)
state - state of the event as a number (ButtonPress, ButtonRelease,
Enter, KeyPress, KeyRelease,
state - state as a string (Visibility)
time - when the event occurred
x - x-position of the mouse
y - y-position of the mouse
x_root - x-position of the mouse on the screen
(ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, KeyPress, KeyRelease, Motion)
y_root - y-position of the mouse on the screen
(ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, KeyPress, KeyRelease, Motion)
char - pressed character (KeyPress, KeyRelease)
send_event - see X/Windows documentation
keysym - keysym of the the event as a string (KeyPress, KeyRelease)
keysym_num - keysym of the event as a number (KeyPress, KeyRelease)
type - type of the event as a number
widget - widget in which the event occurred
delta - delta of wheel movement (MouseWheel)
_support_default_root
= 1
"""Inhibit setting of default root window.
Call this function to inhibit that the first instance of
Tk is used for windows without an explicit parent window.
global _support_default_root
_support_default_root
= 0
"""Internal function. Calling it will throw the exception SystemExit."""
"""Class to define value holders for e.g. buttons.
Subclasses StringVar, IntVar, DoubleVar, BooleanVar are specializations
that constrain the type of the value returned from get()."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None):
"""Construct a variable with an optional MASTER as master widget.
The variable is named PY_VAR_number in Tcl.
self
._name
= 'PY_VAR' + repr(_varnum
)
"""Unset the variable in Tcl."""
self
._tk
.globalunsetvar(self
._name
)
"""Return the name of the variable in Tcl."""
"""Set the variable to VALUE."""
return self
._tk
.globalsetvar(self
._name
, value
)
"""Return value of variable."""
return self
._tk
.globalgetvar(self
._name
)
def trace_variable(self
, mode
, callback
):
"""Define a trace callback for the variable.
MODE is one of "r", "w", "u" for read, write, undefine.
CALLBACK must be a function which is called when
the variable is read, written or undefined.
Return the name of the callback.
cbname
= self
._master
._register
(callback
)
self
._tk
.call("trace", "variable", self
._name
, mode
, cbname
)
def trace_vdelete(self
, mode
, cbname
):
"""Delete the trace callback for a variable.
MODE is one of "r", "w", "u" for read, write, undefine.
CBNAME is the name of the callback returned from trace_variable or trace.
self
._tk
.call("trace", "vdelete", self
._name
, mode
, cbname
)
self
._master
.deletecommand(cbname
)
"""Return all trace callback information."""
return map(self
._tk
.split
, self
._tk
.splitlist(
self
._tk
.call("trace", "vinfo", self
._name
)))
class StringVar(Variable
):
"""Value holder for strings variables."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None):
"""Construct a string variable.
MASTER can be given as master widget."""
Variable
.__init
__(self
, master
)
"""Return value of variable as string."""
value
= self
._tk
.globalgetvar(self
._name
)
if isinstance(value
, basestring
):
"""Value holder for integer variables."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None):
"""Construct an integer variable.
MASTER can be given as master widget."""
Variable
.__init
__(self
, master
)
"""Set the variable to value, converting booleans to integers."""
if isinstance(value
, bool):
return Variable
.set(self
, value
)
"""Return the value of the variable as an integer."""
return getint(self
._tk
.globalgetvar(self
._name
))
class DoubleVar(Variable
):
"""Value holder for float variables."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None):
"""Construct a float variable.
MASTER can be given as a master widget."""
Variable
.__init
__(self
, master
)
"""Return the value of the variable as a float."""
return getdouble(self
._tk
.globalgetvar(self
._name
))
class BooleanVar(Variable
):
"""Value holder for boolean variables."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None):
"""Construct a boolean variable.
MASTER can be given as a master widget."""
Variable
.__init
__(self
, master
)
"""Return the value of the variable as a bool."""
return self
._tk
.getboolean(self
._tk
.globalgetvar(self
._name
))
"""Run the main loop of Tcl."""
_default_root
.tk
.mainloop(n
)
"""Convert true and false to integer values 1 and 0."""
return _default_root
.tk
.getboolean(s
)
# Methods defined on both toplevel and interior widgets
Base class which defines methods common for interior widgets."""
Delete all Tcl commands created for
this widget in the Tcl interpreter."""
if self
._tclCommands
is not None:
for name
in self
._tclCommands
:
#print '- Tkinter: deleted command', name
self
.tk
.deletecommand(name
)
def deletecommand(self
, name
):
Delete the Tcl command provided in NAME."""
#print '- Tkinter: deleted command', name
self
.tk
.deletecommand(name
)
self
._tclCommands
.remove(name
)
def tk_strictMotif(self
, boolean
=None):
"""Set Tcl internal variable, whether the look and feel
A parameter of 1 means adhere to Motif (e.g. no color
change if mouse passes over slider).
Returns the set value."""
return self
.tk
.getboolean(self
.tk
.call(
'set', 'tk_strictMotif', boolean
))
"""Change the color scheme to light brown as used in Tk 3.6 and before."""
self
.tk
.call('tk_bisque')
def tk_setPalette(self
, *args
, **kw
):
"""Set a new color scheme for all widget elements.
A single color as argument will cause that all colors of Tk
widget elements are derived from this.
Alternatively several keyword parameters and its associated
colors can be given. The following keywords are valid:
activeBackground, foreground, selectColor,
activeForeground, highlightBackground, selectBackground,
background, highlightColor, selectForeground,
disabledForeground, insertBackground, troughColor."""
self
.tk
.call(('tk_setPalette',)
+ _flatten(args
) + _flatten(kw
.items()))
def tk_menuBar(self
, *args
):
"""Do not use. Needed in Tk 3.6 and earlier."""
pass # obsolete since Tk 4.0
def wait_variable(self
, name
='PY_VAR'):
"""Wait until the variable is modified.
A parameter of type IntVar, StringVar, DoubleVar or
BooleanVar must be given."""
self
.tk
.call('tkwait', 'variable', name
)
waitvar
= wait_variable
# XXX b/w compat
def wait_window(self
, window
=None):
"""Wait until a WIDGET is destroyed.
If no parameter is given self is used."""
self
.tk
.call('tkwait', 'window', window
._w
)
def wait_visibility(self
, window
=None):
"""Wait until the visibility of a WIDGET changes
If no parameter is given self is used."""
self
.tk
.call('tkwait', 'visibility', window
._w
)
def setvar(self
, name
='PY_VAR', value
='1'):
"""Set Tcl variable NAME to VALUE."""
self
.tk
.setvar(name
, value
)
def getvar(self
, name
='PY_VAR'):
"""Return value of Tcl variable NAME."""
return self
.tk
.getvar(name
)
"""Return a boolean value for Tcl boolean values true and false given as parameter."""
return self
.tk
.getboolean(s
)
"""Direct input focus to this widget.
If the application currently does not have the focus
this widget will get the focus if the application gets
the focus through the window manager."""
self
.tk
.call('focus', self
._w
)
focus
= focus_set
# XXX b/w compat?
"""Direct input focus to this widget even if the
application does not have the focus. Use with
self
.tk
.call('focus', '-force', self
._w
)
"""Return the widget which has currently the focus in the
Use focus_displayof to allow working with several
displays. Return None if application does not have
name
= self
.tk
.call('focus')
if name
== 'none' or not name
: return None
return self
._nametowidget
(name
)
def focus_displayof(self
):
"""Return the widget which has currently the focus on the
display where this widget is located.
Return None if the application does not have the focus."""
name
= self
.tk
.call('focus', '-displayof', self
._w
)
if name
== 'none' or not name
: return None
return self
._nametowidget
(name
)
"""Return the widget which would have the focus if top level
for this widget gets the focus from the window manager."""
name
= self
.tk
.call('focus', '-lastfor', self
._w
)
if name
== 'none' or not name
: return None
return self
._nametowidget
(name
)
def tk_focusFollowsMouse(self
):
"""The widget under mouse will get automatically focus. Can not
self
.tk
.call('tk_focusFollowsMouse')
"""Return the next widget in the focus order which follows
widget which has currently the focus.
The focus order first goes to the next child, then to
the children of the child recursively and then to the
next sibling which is higher in the stacking order. A
widget is omitted if it has the takefocus resource set
name
= self
.tk
.call('tk_focusNext', self
._w
)
return self
._nametowidget
(name
)
"""Return previous widget in the focus order. See tk_focusNext for details."""
name
= self
.tk
.call('tk_focusPrev', self
._w
)
return self
._nametowidget
(name
)
def after(self
, ms
, func
=None, *args
):
"""Call function once after given time.
MS specifies the time in milliseconds. FUNC gives the
function which shall be called. Additional parameters
are given as parameters to the function call. Return
identifier to cancel scheduling with after_cancel."""
# I'd rather use time.sleep(ms*0.001)
self
.tk
.call('after', ms
)
# XXX Disgusting hack to clean up after calling func
def callit(func
=func
, args
=args
, self
=self
, tmp
=tmp
):
self
.deletecommand(tmp
[0])
name
= self
._register
(callit
)
return self
.tk
.call('after', ms
, name
)
def after_idle(self
, func
, *args
):
"""Call FUNC once if the Tcl main loop has no event to
Return an identifier to cancel the scheduling with
return self
.after('idle', func
, *args
)
def after_cancel(self
, id):
"""Cancel scheduling of function identified with ID.
Identifier returned by after or after_idle must be
given as first parameter."""
data
= self
.tk
.call('after', 'info', id)
# In Tk 8.3, splitlist returns: (script, type)
# In Tk 8.4, splitlist may return (script, type) or (script,)
script
= self
.tk
.splitlist(data
)[0]
self
.deletecommand(script
)
self
.tk
.call('after', 'cancel', id)
def bell(self
, displayof
=0):
"""Ring a display's bell."""
self
.tk
.call(('bell',) + self
._displayof
(displayof
))
def clipboard_clear(self
, **kw
):
"""Clear the data in the Tk clipboard.
A widget specified for the optional displayof keyword
argument specifies the target display."""
if not kw
.has_key('displayof'): kw
['displayof'] = self
._w
self
.tk
.call(('clipboard', 'clear') + self
._options
(kw
))
def clipboard_append(self
, string
, **kw
):
"""Append STRING to the Tk clipboard.
A widget specified at the optional displayof keyword
argument specifies the target display. The clipboard
can be retrieved with selection_get."""
if not kw
.has_key('displayof'): kw
['displayof'] = self
._w
self
.tk
.call(('clipboard', 'append') + self
._options
(kw
)
# XXX grab current w/o window argument
"""Return widget which has currently the grab in this application
name
= self
.tk
.call('grab', 'current', self
._w
)
return self
._nametowidget
(name
)
"""Release grab for this widget if currently set."""
self
.tk
.call('grab', 'release', self
._w
)
"""Set grab for this widget.
A grab directs all events to this and descendant
widgets in the application."""
self
.tk
.call('grab', 'set', self
._w
)
def grab_set_global(self
):
"""Set global grab for this widget.
A global grab directs all events to this and
descendant widgets on the display. Use with caution -
other applications do not get events anymore."""
self
.tk
.call('grab', 'set', '-global', self
._w
)
"""Return None, "local" or "global" if this widget has
no, a local or a global grab."""
status
= self
.tk
.call('grab', 'status', self
._w
)
if status
== 'none': status
= None
def lower(self
, belowThis
=None):
"""Lower this widget in the stacking order."""
self
.tk
.call('lower', self
._w
, belowThis
)
def option_add(self
, pattern
, value
, priority
= None):
"""Set a VALUE (second parameter) for an option
PATTERN (first parameter).
An optional third parameter gives the numeric priority
self
.tk
.call('option', 'add', pattern
, value
, priority
)
"""Clear the option database.
It will be reloaded if option_add is called."""
self
.tk
.call('option', 'clear')
def option_get(self
, name
, className
):
"""Return the value for an option NAME for this widget
Values with higher priority override lower values."""
return self
.tk
.call('option', 'get', self
._w
, name
, className
)
def option_readfile(self
, fileName
, priority
= None):
"""Read file FILENAME into the option database.
An optional second parameter gives the numeric
self
.tk
.call('option', 'readfile', fileName
, priority
)
def selection_clear(self
, **kw
):
"""Clear the current X selection."""
if not kw
.has_key('displayof'): kw
['displayof'] = self
._w
self
.tk
.call(('selection', 'clear') + self
._options
(kw
))
def selection_get(self
, **kw
):
"""Return the contents of the current X selection.
A keyword parameter selection specifies the name of
the selection and defaults to PRIMARY. A keyword
parameter displayof specifies a widget on the display
if not kw
.has_key('displayof'): kw
['displayof'] = self
._w
return self
.tk
.call(('selection', 'get') + self
._options
(kw
))
def selection_handle(self
, command
, **kw
):
"""Specify a function COMMAND to call if the X
selection owned by this widget is queried by another
This function must return the contents of the
selection. The function will be called with the
arguments OFFSET and LENGTH which allows the chunking
of very long selections. The following keyword
parameters can be provided:
selection - name of the selection (default PRIMARY),
type - type of the selection (e.g. STRING, FILE_NAME)."""
name
= self
._register
(command
)
self
.tk
.call(('selection', 'handle') + self
._options
(kw
)
def selection_own(self
, **kw
):
"""Become owner of X selection.
A keyword parameter selection specifies the name of
the selection (default PRIMARY)."""
self
.tk
.call(('selection', 'own') +
self
._options
(kw
) + (self
._w
,))
def selection_own_get(self
, **kw
):
"""Return owner of X selection.
The following keyword parameter can
selection - name of the selection (default PRIMARY),
type - type of the selection (e.g. STRING, FILE_NAME)."""
if not kw
.has_key('displayof'): kw
['displayof'] = self
._w
name
= self
.tk
.call(('selection', 'own') + self
._options
(kw
))
return self
._nametowidget
(name
)
def send(self
, interp
, cmd
, *args
):
"""Send Tcl command CMD to different interpreter INTERP to be executed."""
return self
.tk
.call(('send', interp
, cmd
) + args
)
def lower(self
, belowThis
=None):
"""Lower this widget in the stacking order."""
self
.tk
.call('lower', self
._w
, belowThis
)
def tkraise(self
, aboveThis
=None):
"""Raise this widget in the stacking order."""
self
.tk
.call('raise', self
._w
, aboveThis
)
def colormodel(self
, value
=None):
"""Useless. Not implemented in Tk."""
return self
.tk
.call('tk', 'colormodel', self
._w
, value
)
def winfo_atom(self
, name
, displayof
=0):
"""Return integer which represents atom NAME."""
args
= ('winfo', 'atom') + self
._displayof
(displayof
) + (name
,)
return getint(self
.tk
.call(args
))
def winfo_atomname(self
, id, displayof
=0):
"""Return name of atom with identifier ID."""
args
= ('winfo', 'atomname') \
+ self
._displayof
(displayof
) + (id,)
return self
.tk
.call(args
)
"""Return number of cells in the colormap for this widget."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'cells', self
._w
))
def winfo_children(self
):
"""Return a list of all widgets which are children of this widget."""
for child
in self
.tk
.splitlist(
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'children', self
._w
)):
# Tcl sometimes returns extra windows, e.g. for
# menus; those need to be skipped
result
.append(self
._nametowidget
(child
))
"""Return window class name of this widget."""
return self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'class', self
._w
)
def winfo_colormapfull(self
):
"""Return true if at the last color request the colormap was full."""
return self
.tk
.getboolean(
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'colormapfull', self
._w
))
def winfo_containing(self
, rootX
, rootY
, displayof
=0):
"""Return the widget which is at the root coordinates ROOTX, ROOTY."""
args
= ('winfo', 'containing') \
+ self
._displayof
(displayof
) + (rootX
, rootY
)
name
= self
.tk
.call(args
)
return self
._nametowidget
(name
)
"""Return the number of bits per pixel."""
return getint(self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'depth', self
._w
))
"""Return true if this widget exists."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'exists', self
._w
))
def winfo_fpixels(self
, number
):
"""Return the number of pixels for the given distance NUMBER
return getdouble(self
.tk
.call(
'winfo', 'fpixels', self
._w
, number
))
def winfo_geometry(self
):
"""Return geometry string for this widget in the form "widthxheight+X+Y"."""
return self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'geometry', self
._w
)
"""Return height of this widget."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'height', self
._w
))
"""Return identifier ID for this widget."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'id', self
._w
))
def winfo_interps(self
, displayof
=0):
"""Return the name of all Tcl interpreters for this display."""
args
= ('winfo', 'interps') + self
._displayof
(displayof
)
return self
.tk
.splitlist(self
.tk
.call(args
))
def winfo_ismapped(self
):
"""Return true if this widget is mapped."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'ismapped', self
._w
))
"""Return the window mananger name for this widget."""
return self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'manager', self
._w
)
"""Return the name of this widget."""
return self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'name', self
._w
)
"""Return the name of the parent of this widget."""
return self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'parent', self
._w
)
def winfo_pathname(self
, id, displayof
=0):
"""Return the pathname of the widget given by ID."""
args
= ('winfo', 'pathname') \
+ self
._displayof
(displayof
) + (id,)
return self
.tk
.call(args
)
def winfo_pixels(self
, number
):
"""Rounded integer value of winfo_fpixels."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'pixels', self
._w
, number
))
def winfo_pointerx(self
):
"""Return the x coordinate of the pointer on the root window."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'pointerx', self
._w
))
def winfo_pointerxy(self
):
"""Return a tuple of x and y coordinates of the pointer on the root window."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'pointerxy', self
._w
))
def winfo_pointery(self
):
"""Return the y coordinate of the pointer on the root window."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'pointery', self
._w
))
def winfo_reqheight(self
):
"""Return requested height of this widget."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'reqheight', self
._w
))
def winfo_reqwidth(self
):
"""Return requested width of this widget."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'reqwidth', self
._w
))
def winfo_rgb(self
, color
):
"""Return tuple of decimal values for red, green, blue for
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'rgb', self
._w
, color
))
"""Return x coordinate of upper left corner of this widget on the
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'rootx', self
._w
))
"""Return y coordinate of upper left corner of this widget on the
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'rooty', self
._w
))
"""Return the screen name of this widget."""
return self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'screen', self
._w
)
def winfo_screencells(self
):
"""Return the number of the cells in the colormap of the screen
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'screencells', self
._w
))
def winfo_screendepth(self
):
"""Return the number of bits per pixel of the root window of the
screen of this widget."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'screendepth', self
._w
))
def winfo_screenheight(self
):
"""Return the number of pixels of the height of the screen of this widget
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'screenheight', self
._w
))
def winfo_screenmmheight(self
):
"""Return the number of pixels of the height of the screen of
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'screenmmheight', self
._w
))
def winfo_screenmmwidth(self
):
"""Return the number of pixels of the width of the screen of
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'screenmmwidth', self
._w
))
def winfo_screenvisual(self
):
"""Return one of the strings directcolor, grayscale, pseudocolor,
staticcolor, staticgray, or truecolor for the default
colormodel of this screen."""
return self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'screenvisual', self
._w
)
def winfo_screenwidth(self
):
"""Return the number of pixels of the width of the screen of
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'screenwidth', self
._w
))
"""Return information of the X-Server of the screen of this widget in
the form "XmajorRminor vendor vendorVersion"."""
return self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'server', self
._w
)
def winfo_toplevel(self
):
"""Return the toplevel widget of this widget."""
return self
._nametowidget
(self
.tk
.call(
'winfo', 'toplevel', self
._w
))
def winfo_viewable(self
):
"""Return true if the widget and all its higher ancestors are mapped."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'viewable', self
._w
))
"""Return one of the strings directcolor, grayscale, pseudocolor,
staticcolor, staticgray, or truecolor for the
colormodel of this widget."""
return self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'visual', self
._w
)
def winfo_visualid(self
):
"""Return the X identifier for the visual for this widget."""
return self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'visualid', self
._w
)
def winfo_visualsavailable(self
, includeids
=0):
"""Return a list of all visuals available for the screen
Each item in the list consists of a visual name (see winfo_visual), a
depth and if INCLUDEIDS=1 is given also the X identifier."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'visualsavailable', self
._w
,
includeids
and 'includeids' or None))
if type(data
) is StringType
:
data
= [self
.tk
.split(data
)]
return map(self
.__winfo
_parseitem
, data
)
def __winfo_parseitem(self
, t
):
return t
[:1] + tuple(map(self
.__winfo
_getint
, t
[1:]))
def __winfo_getint(self
, x
):
def winfo_vrootheight(self
):
"""Return the height of the virtual root window associated with this
widget in pixels. If there is no virtual root window return the
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'vrootheight', self
._w
))
def winfo_vrootwidth(self
):
"""Return the width of the virtual root window associated with this
widget in pixel. If there is no virtual root window return the
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'vrootwidth', self
._w
))
"""Return the x offset of the virtual root relative to the root
window of the screen of this widget."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'vrootx', self
._w
))
"""Return the y offset of the virtual root relative to the root
window of the screen of this widget."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'vrooty', self
._w
))
"""Return the width of this widget."""
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'width', self
._w
))
"""Return the x coordinate of the upper left corner of this widget
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'x', self
._w
))
"""Return the y coordinate of the upper left corner of this widget
self
.tk
.call('winfo', 'y', self
._w
))
"""Enter event loop until all pending events have been processed by Tcl."""
def update_idletasks(self
):
"""Enter event loop until all idle callbacks have been called. This
will update the display of windows but not process events caused by
self
.tk
.call('update', 'idletasks')
def bindtags(self
, tagList
=None):
"""Set or get the list of bindtags for this widget.
With no argument return the list of all bindtags associated with
this widget. With a list of strings as argument the bindtags are
set to this list. The bindtags determine in which order events are
return self
.tk
.splitlist(
self
.tk
.call('bindtags', self
._w
))
self
.tk
.call('bindtags', self
._w
, tagList
)
def _bind(self
, what
, sequence
, func
, add
, needcleanup
=1):
if type(func
) is StringType
:
self
.tk
.call(what
+ (sequence
, func
))
funcid
= self
._register
(func
, self
._substitute
,
cmd
= ('%sif {"[%s %s]" == "break"} break\n'
funcid
, self
._subst
_format
_str
))
self
.tk
.call(what
+ (sequence
, cmd
))
return self
.tk
.call(what
+ (sequence
,))
return self
.tk
.splitlist(self
.tk
.call(what
))
def bind(self
, sequence
=None, func
=None, add
=None):
"""Bind to this widget at event SEQUENCE a call to function FUNC.
SEQUENCE is a string of concatenated event
patterns. An event pattern is of the form
<MODIFIER-MODIFIER-TYPE-DETAIL> where MODIFIER is one
of Control, Mod2, M2, Shift, Mod3, M3, Lock, Mod4, M4,
Button1, B1, Mod5, M5 Button2, B2, Meta, M, Button3,
B3, Alt, Button4, B4, Double, Button5, B5 Triple,
Mod1, M1. TYPE is one of Activate, Enter, Map,
ButtonPress, Button, Expose, Motion, ButtonRelease
FocusIn, MouseWheel, Circulate, FocusOut, Property,
Colormap, Gravity Reparent, Configure, KeyPress, Key,
Unmap, Deactivate, KeyRelease Visibility, Destroy,
Leave and DETAIL is the button number for ButtonPress,
ButtonRelease and DETAIL is the Keysym for KeyPress and
<Control-Button-1> for pressing Control and mouse button 1 or
<Alt-A> for pressing A and the Alt key (KeyPress can be omitted).
An event pattern can also be a virtual event of the form
<<AString>> where AString can be arbitrary. This
event can be generated by event_generate.
If events are concatenated they must appear shortly
FUNC will be called if the event sequence occurs with an
instance of Event as argument. If the return value of FUNC is
"break" no further bound function is invoked.
An additional boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will
be called additionally to the other bound function or whether
it will replace the previous function.
Bind will return an identifier to allow deletion of the bound function with
unbind without memory leak.
If FUNC or SEQUENCE is omitted the bound function or list
of bound events are returned."""
return self
._bind
(('bind', self
._w
), sequence
, func
, add
)
def unbind(self
, sequence
, funcid
=None):
"""Unbind for this widget for event SEQUENCE the
function identified with FUNCID."""
self
.tk
.call('bind', self
._w
, sequence
, '')
self
.deletecommand(funcid
)
def bind_all(self
, sequence
=None, func
=None, add
=None):
"""Bind to all widgets at an event SEQUENCE a call to function FUNC.
An additional boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will
be called additionally to the other bound function or whether
it will replace the previous function. See bind for the return value."""
return self
._bind
(('bind', 'all'), sequence
, func
, add
, 0)
def unbind_all(self
, sequence
):
"""Unbind for all widgets for event SEQUENCE all functions."""
self
.tk
.call('bind', 'all' , sequence
, '')
def bind_class(self
, className
, sequence
=None, func
=None, add
=None):
"""Bind to widgets with bindtag CLASSNAME at event
SEQUENCE a call of function FUNC. An additional
boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will be
called additionally to the other bound function or
whether it will replace the previous function. See bind for
return self
._bind
(('bind', className
), sequence
, func
, add
, 0)
def unbind_class(self
, className
, sequence
):
"""Unbind for a all widgets with bindtag CLASSNAME for event SEQUENCE
self
.tk
.call('bind', className
, sequence
, '')
"""Call the mainloop of Tk."""
"""Quit the Tcl interpreter. All widgets will be destroyed."""
def _getints(self
, string
):
return tuple(map(getint
, self
.tk
.splitlist(string
)))
def _getdoubles(self
, string
):
return tuple(map(getdouble
, self
.tk
.splitlist(string
)))
def _getboolean(self
, string
):
return self
.tk
.getboolean(string
)
def _displayof(self
, displayof
):
return ('-displayof', displayof
)
return ('-displayof', self
._w
)
def _options(self
, cnf
, kw
= None):
cnf
= _cnfmerge((cnf
, kw
))
if k
[-1] == '_': k
= k
[:-1]
def nametowidget(self
, name
):
"""Return the Tkinter instance of a widget identified by
name
, tail
= name
[:i
], name
[i
+1:]
_nametowidget
= nametowidget
def _register(self
, func
, subst
=None, needcleanup
=1):
"""Return a newly created Tcl function. If this
function is called, the Python function FUNC will
be executed. An optional function SUBST can
be given which will be executed before FUNC."""
f
= CallWrapper(func
, subst
, self
).__call
__
name
= name
+ func
.__name
__
self
.tk
.createcommand(name
, f
)
if self
._tclCommands
is None:
self
._tclCommands
.append(name
)
#print '+ Tkinter created command', name
while w
.master
: w
= w
.master
_subst_format
= ('%#', '%b', '%f', '%h', '%k',
'%s', '%t', '%w', '%x', '%y',
'%A', '%E', '%K', '%N', '%W', '%T', '%X', '%Y', '%D')
_subst_format_str
= " ".join(_subst_format
)
def _substitute(self
, *args
):
if len(args
) != len(self
._subst
_format
): return args
getboolean
= self
.tk
.getboolean
"""Tk changed behavior in 8.4.2, returning "??" rather more often."""
nsign
, b
, f
, h
, k
, s
, t
, w
, x
, y
, A
, E
, K
, N
, W
, T
, X
, Y
, D
= args
# Missing: (a, c, d, m, o, v, B, R)
# serial field: valid vor all events
# number of button: ButtonPress and ButtonRelease events only
# height field: Configure, ConfigureRequest, Create,
# ResizeRequest, and Expose events only
# keycode field: KeyPress and KeyRelease events only
# time field: "valid for events that contain a time field"
# width field: Configure, ConfigureRequest, Create, ResizeRequest,
# x field: "valid for events that contain a x field"
# y field: "valid for events that contain a y field"
# keysym as decimal: KeyPress and KeyRelease events only
# x_root, y_root fields: ButtonPress, ButtonRelease, KeyPress,
# KeyRelease,and Motion events
try: e
.focus
= getboolean(f
)
e
.height
= getint_event(h
)
e
.keycode
= getint_event(k
)
e
.state
= getint_event(s
)
e
.width
= getint_event(w
)
try: e
.send_event
= getboolean(E
)
e
.keysym_num
= getint_event(N
)
e
.widget
= self
._nametowidget
(W
)
e
.x_root
= getint_event(X
)
e
.y_root
= getint_event(Y
)
def _report_exception(self
):
exc
, val
, tb
= sys
.exc_type
, sys
.exc_value
, sys
.exc_traceback
root
.report_callback_exception(exc
, val
, tb
)
def _configure(self
, cmd
, cnf
, kw
):
cnf
= _cnfmerge((cnf
, kw
))
self
.tk
.call(_flatten((self
._w
, cmd
)))):
cnf
[x
[0][1:]] = (x
[0][1:],) + x
[1:]
if type(cnf
) is StringType
:
self
.tk
.call(_flatten((self
._w
, cmd
, '-'+cnf
))))
return (x
[0][1:],) + x
[1:]
self
.tk
.call(_flatten((self
._w
, cmd
)) + self
._options
(cnf
))
# These used to be defined in Widget:
def configure(self
, cnf
=None, **kw
):
"""Configure resources of a widget.
The values for resources are specified as keyword
arguments. To get an overview about
the allowed keyword arguments call the method keys.
return self
._configure
('configure', cnf
, kw
)
"""Return the resource value for a KEY given as string."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'cget', '-' + key
)
def __setitem__(self
, key
, value
):
self
.configure({key
: value
})
"""Return a list of all resource names of this widget."""
return map(lambda x
: x
[0][1:],
self
.tk
.split(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'configure')))
"""Return the window path name of this widget."""
# Pack methods that apply to the master
def pack_propagate(self
, flag
=_noarg_
):
"""Set or get the status for propagation of geometry information.
A boolean argument specifies whether the geometry information
of the slaves will determine the size of this widget. If no argument
is given the current setting will be returned.
return self
._getboolean
(self
.tk
.call(
'pack', 'propagate', self
._w
))
self
.tk
.call('pack', 'propagate', self
._w
, flag
)
propagate
= pack_propagate
"""Return a list of all slaves of this widget
return map(self
._nametowidget
,
self
.tk
.call('pack', 'slaves', self
._w
)))
# Place method that applies to the master
"""Return a list of all slaves of this widget
return map(self
._nametowidget
,
'place', 'slaves', self
._w
)))
# Grid methods that apply to the master
def grid_bbox(self
, column
=None, row
=None, col2
=None, row2
=None):
"""Return a tuple of integer coordinates for the bounding
box of this widget controlled by the geometry manager grid.
If COLUMN, ROW is given the bounding box applies from
the cell with row and column 0 to the specified
cell. If COL2 and ROW2 are given the bounding box
The returned integers specify the offset of the upper left
corner in the master widget and the width and height.
args
= ('grid', 'bbox', self
._w
)
if column
is not None and row
is not None:
args
= args
+ (column
, row
)
if col2
is not None and row2
is not None:
args
= args
+ (col2
, row2
)
return self
._getints
(self
.tk
.call(*args
)) or None
def _grid_configure(self
, command
, index
, cnf
, kw
):
if type(cnf
) is StringType
and not kw
:
options
= self
._options
(cnf
, kw
)
res
= self
.tk
.call('grid',
words
= self
.tk
.splitlist(res
)
for i
in range(0, len(words
), 2):
('grid', command
, self
._w
, index
)
# In Tk 7.5, -width can be a float
if '.' in res
: return getdouble(res
)
def grid_columnconfigure(self
, index
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Configure column INDEX of a grid.
Valid resources are minsize (minimum size of the column),
weight (how much does additional space propagate to this column)
and pad (how much space to let additionally)."""
return self
._grid
_configure
('columnconfigure', index
, cnf
, kw
)
columnconfigure
= grid_columnconfigure
def grid_location(self
, x
, y
):
"""Return a tuple of column and row which identify the cell
at which the pixel at position X and Y inside the master
'grid', 'location', self
._w
, x
, y
)) or None
def grid_propagate(self
, flag
=_noarg_
):
"""Set or get the status for propagation of geometry information.
A boolean argument specifies whether the geometry information
of the slaves will determine the size of this widget. If no argument
is given, the current setting will be returned.
return self
._getboolean
(self
.tk
.call(
'grid', 'propagate', self
._w
))
self
.tk
.call('grid', 'propagate', self
._w
, flag
)
def grid_rowconfigure(self
, index
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Configure row INDEX of a grid.
Valid resources are minsize (minimum size of the row),
weight (how much does additional space propagate to this row)
and pad (how much space to let additionally)."""
return self
._grid
_configure
('rowconfigure', index
, cnf
, kw
)
rowconfigure
= grid_rowconfigure
"""Return a tuple of the number of column and rows in the grid."""
self
.tk
.call('grid', 'size', self
._w
)) or None
def grid_slaves(self
, row
=None, column
=None):
"""Return a list of all slaves of this widget
args
= args
+ ('-row', row
)
args
= args
+ ('-column', column
)
return map(self
._nametowidget
,
self
.tk
.splitlist(self
.tk
.call(
('grid', 'slaves', self
._w
) + args
)))
# Support for the "event" command, new in Tk 4.2.
def event_add(self
, virtual
, *sequences
):
"""Bind a virtual event VIRTUAL (of the form <<Name>>)
to an event SEQUENCE such that the virtual event is triggered
whenever SEQUENCE occurs."""
args
= ('event', 'add', virtual
) + sequences
def event_delete(self
, virtual
, *sequences
):
"""Unbind a virtual event VIRTUAL from SEQUENCE."""
args
= ('event', 'delete', virtual
) + sequences
def event_generate(self
, sequence
, **kw
):
"""Generate an event SEQUENCE. Additional
keyword arguments specify parameter of the event
(e.g. x, y, rootx, rooty)."""
args
= ('event', 'generate', self
._w
, sequence
)
args
= args
+ ('-%s' % k
, str(v
))
def event_info(self
, virtual
=None):
"""Return a list of all virtual events or the information
about the SEQUENCE bound to the virtual event VIRTUAL."""
return self
.tk
.splitlist(
self
.tk
.call('event', 'info', virtual
))
"""Return a list of all existing image names."""
return self
.tk
.call('image', 'names')
"""Return a list of all available image types (e.g. phote bitmap)."""
return self
.tk
.call('image', 'types')
"""Internal class. Stores function to call when some user
defined Tcl function is called e.g. after an event occurred."""
def __init__(self
, func
, subst
, widget
):
"""Store FUNC, SUBST and WIDGET as members."""
def __call__(self
, *args
):
"""Apply first function SUBST to arguments, than FUNC."""
self
.widget
._report
_exception
()
"""Provides functions for the communication with the window manager."""
minNumer
=None, minDenom
=None,
maxNumer
=None, maxDenom
=None):
"""Instruct the window manager to set the aspect ratio (width/height)
of this widget to be between MINNUMER/MINDENOM and MAXNUMER/MAXDENOM. Return a tuple
of the actual values if no argument is given."""
self
.tk
.call('wm', 'aspect', self
._w
,
def wm_attributes(self
, *args
):
"""This subcommand returns or sets platform specific attributes
The first form returns a list of the platform specific flags and
their values. The second form returns the value for the specific
option. The third form sets one or more of the values. The values
On Windows, -disabled gets or sets whether the window is in a
disabled state. -toolwindow gets or sets the style of the window
to toolwindow (as defined in the MSDN). -topmost gets or sets
whether this is a topmost window (displays above all other
On Unix, there are currently no special attribute values.
args
= ('wm', 'attributes', self
._w
) + args
return self
.tk
.call(args
)
def wm_client(self
, name
=None):
"""Store NAME in WM_CLIENT_MACHINE property of this widget. Return
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'client', self
._w
, name
)
def wm_colormapwindows(self
, *wlist
):
"""Store list of window names (WLIST) into WM_COLORMAPWINDOWS property
of this widget. This list contains windows whose colormaps differ from their
parents. Return current list of widgets if WLIST is empty."""
wlist
= (wlist
,) # Tk needs a list of windows here
args
= ('wm', 'colormapwindows', self
._w
) + wlist
return map(self
._nametowidget
, self
.tk
.call(args
))
colormapwindows
= wm_colormapwindows
def wm_command(self
, value
=None):
"""Store VALUE in WM_COMMAND property. It is the command
which shall be used to invoke the application. Return current
command if VALUE is None."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'command', self
._w
, value
)
"""Deiconify this widget. If it was never mapped it will not be mapped.
On Windows it will raise this widget and give it the focus."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'deiconify', self
._w
)
def wm_focusmodel(self
, model
=None):
"""Set focus model to MODEL. "active" means that this widget will claim
the focus itself, "passive" means that the window manager shall give
the focus. Return current focus model if MODEL is None."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'focusmodel', self
._w
, model
)
focusmodel
= wm_focusmodel
"""Return identifier for decorative frame of this widget if present."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'frame', self
._w
)
def wm_geometry(self
, newGeometry
=None):
"""Set geometry to NEWGEOMETRY of the form =widthxheight+x+y. Return
current value if None is given."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'geometry', self
._w
, newGeometry
)
baseWidth
=None, baseHeight
=None,
widthInc
=None, heightInc
=None):
"""Instruct the window manager that this widget shall only be
resized on grid boundaries. WIDTHINC and HEIGHTINC are the width and
height of a grid unit in pixels. BASEWIDTH and BASEHEIGHT are the
number of grid units requested in Tk_GeometryRequest."""
return self
._getints
(self
.tk
.call(
baseWidth
, baseHeight
, widthInc
, heightInc
))
def wm_group(self
, pathName
=None):
"""Set the group leader widgets for related widgets to PATHNAME. Return
the group leader of this widget if None is given."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'group', self
._w
, pathName
)
def wm_iconbitmap(self
, bitmap
=None):
"""Set bitmap for the iconified widget to BITMAP. Return
the bitmap if None is given."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'iconbitmap', self
._w
, bitmap
)
iconbitmap
= wm_iconbitmap
"""Display widget as icon."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'iconify', self
._w
)
def wm_iconmask(self
, bitmap
=None):
"""Set mask for the icon bitmap of this widget. Return the
mask if None is given."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'iconmask', self
._w
, bitmap
)
def wm_iconname(self
, newName
=None):
"""Set the name of the icon for this widget. Return the name if
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'iconname', self
._w
, newName
)
def wm_iconposition(self
, x
=None, y
=None):
"""Set the position of the icon of this widget to X and Y. Return
a tuple of the current values of X and X if None is given."""
return self
._getints
(self
.tk
.call(
'wm', 'iconposition', self
._w
, x
, y
))
iconposition
= wm_iconposition
def wm_iconwindow(self
, pathName
=None):
"""Set widget PATHNAME to be displayed instead of icon. Return the current
value if None is given."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'iconwindow', self
._w
, pathName
)
iconwindow
= wm_iconwindow
def wm_maxsize(self
, width
=None, height
=None):
"""Set max WIDTH and HEIGHT for this widget. If the window is gridded
the values are given in grid units. Return the current values if None
return self
._getints
(self
.tk
.call(
'wm', 'maxsize', self
._w
, width
, height
))
def wm_minsize(self
, width
=None, height
=None):
"""Set min WIDTH and HEIGHT for this widget. If the window is gridded
the values are given in grid units. Return the current values if None
return self
._getints
(self
.tk
.call(
'wm', 'minsize', self
._w
, width
, height
))
def wm_overrideredirect(self
, boolean
=None):
"""Instruct the window manager to ignore this widget
if BOOLEAN is given with 1. Return the current value if None
return self
._getboolean
(self
.tk
.call(
'wm', 'overrideredirect', self
._w
, boolean
))
overrideredirect
= wm_overrideredirect
def wm_positionfrom(self
, who
=None):
"""Instruct the window manager that the position of this widget shall
be defined by the user if WHO is "user", and by its own policy if WHO is
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'positionfrom', self
._w
, who
)
positionfrom
= wm_positionfrom
def wm_protocol(self
, name
=None, func
=None):
"""Bind function FUNC to command NAME for this widget.
Return the function bound to NAME if None is given. NAME could be
e.g. "WM_SAVE_YOURSELF" or "WM_DELETE_WINDOW"."""
command
= self
._register
(func
)
'wm', 'protocol', self
._w
, name
, command
)
def wm_resizable(self
, width
=None, height
=None):
"""Instruct the window manager whether this width can be resized
in WIDTH or HEIGHT. Both values are boolean values."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'resizable', self
._w
, width
, height
)
def wm_sizefrom(self
, who
=None):
"""Instruct the window manager that the size of this widget shall
be defined by the user if WHO is "user", and by its own policy if WHO is
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'sizefrom', self
._w
, who
)
def wm_state(self
, newstate
=None):
"""Query or set the state of this widget as one of normal, icon,
iconic (see wm_iconwindow), withdrawn, or zoomed (Windows only)."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'state', self
._w
, newstate
)
def wm_title(self
, string
=None):
"""Set the title of this widget."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'title', self
._w
, string
)
def wm_transient(self
, master
=None):
"""Instruct the window manager that this widget is transient
with regard to widget MASTER."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'transient', self
._w
, master
)
"""Withdraw this widget from the screen such that it is unmapped
and forgotten by the window manager. Re-draw it with wm_deiconify."""
return self
.tk
.call('wm', 'withdraw', self
._w
)
"""Toplevel widget of Tk which represents mostly the main window
of an appliation. It has an associated Tcl interpreter."""
def __init__(self
, screenName
=None, baseName
=None, className
='Tk',
useTk
=1, sync
=0, use
=None):
"""Return a new Toplevel widget on screen SCREENNAME. A new Tcl interpreter will
be created. BASENAME will be used for the identification of the profile file (see
It is constructed from sys.argv[0] without extensions if None is given. CLASSNAME
is the name of the widget class."""
# to avoid recursions in the getattr code in case of failure, we
# ensure that self.tk is always _something_.
baseName
= os
.path
.basename(sys
.argv
[0])
baseName
, ext
= os
.path
.splitext(baseName
)
if ext
not in ('.py', '.pyc', '.pyo'):
baseName
= baseName
+ ext
self
.tk
= _tkinter
.create(screenName
, baseName
, className
, interactive
, wantobjects
, useTk
, sync
, use
)
self
.readprofile(baseName
, className
)
if _MacOS
and hasattr(_MacOS
, 'SchedParams'):
# Disable event scanning except for Command-Period
# Work around nasty MacTk bug
# XXX Is this one still needed?
tk_version
= self
.tk
.getvar('tk_version')
if tk_version
!= _tkinter
.TK_VERSION
:
"tk.h version (%s) doesn't match libtk.a version (%s)" \
% (_tkinter
.TK_VERSION
, tk_version
)
# Under unknown circumstances, tcl_version gets coerced to float
tcl_version
= str(self
.tk
.getvar('tcl_version'))
if tcl_version
!= _tkinter
.TCL_VERSION
:
"tcl.h version (%s) doesn't match libtcl.a version (%s)" \
% (_tkinter
.TCL_VERSION
, tcl_version
)
"Tk 4.0 or higher is required; found Tk %s" \
# Create and register the tkerror and exit commands
# We need to inline parts of _register here, _ register
# would register differently-named commands.
if self
._tclCommands
is None:
self
.tk
.createcommand('tkerror', _tkerror
)
self
.tk
.createcommand('exit', _exit
)
self
._tclCommands
.append('tkerror')
self
._tclCommands
.append('exit')
if _support_default_root
and not _default_root
:
self
.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self
.destroy
)
"""Destroy this and all descendants widgets. This will
end the application of this Tcl interpreter."""
for c
in self
.children
.values(): c
.destroy()
self
.tk
.call('destroy', self
._w
)
if _support_default_root
and _default_root
is self
:
def readprofile(self
, baseName
, className
):
"""Internal function. It reads BASENAME.tcl and CLASSNAME.tcl into
the Tcl Interpreter and calls execfile on BASENAME.py and CLASSNAME.py if
such a file exists in the home directory."""
if os
.environ
.has_key('HOME'): home
= os
.environ
['HOME']
class_tcl
= os
.path
.join(home
, '.%s.tcl' % className
)
class_py
= os
.path
.join(home
, '.%s.py' % className
)
base_tcl
= os
.path
.join(home
, '.%s.tcl' % baseName
)
base_py
= os
.path
.join(home
, '.%s.py' % baseName
)
exec 'from Tkinter import *' in dir
if os
.path
.isfile(class_tcl
):
self
.tk
.call('source', class_tcl
)
if os
.path
.isfile(class_py
):
if os
.path
.isfile(base_tcl
):
self
.tk
.call('source', base_tcl
)
if os
.path
.isfile(base_py
):
def report_callback_exception(self
, exc
, val
, tb
):
"""Internal function. It reports exception on sys.stderr."""
sys
.stderr
.write("Exception in Tkinter callback\n")
traceback
.print_exception(exc
, val
, tb
)
def __getattr__(self
, attr
):
"Delegate attribute access to the interpreter object"
return getattr(self
.tk
, attr
)
# Ideally, the classes Pack, Place and Grid disappear, the
# pack/place/grid methods are defined on the Widget class, and
# everybody uses w.pack_whatever(...) instead of Pack.whatever(w,
# ...), with pack(), place() and grid() being short for
# pack_configure(), place_configure() and grid_columnconfigure(), and
# forget() being short for pack_forget(). As a practical matter, I'm
# afraid that there is too much code out there that may be using the
# Pack, Place or Grid class, so I leave them intact -- but only as
# backwards compatibility features. Also note that those methods that
# take a master as argument (e.g. pack_propagate) have been moved to
# the Misc class (which now incorporates all methods common between
# toplevel and interior widgets). Again, for compatibility, these are
# copied into the Pack, Place or Grid class.
def Tcl(screenName
=None, baseName
=None, className
='Tk', useTk
=0):
return Tk(screenName
, baseName
, className
, useTk
)
"""Geometry manager Pack.
Base class to use the methods pack_* in every widget."""
def pack_configure(self
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Pack a widget in the parent widget. Use as options:
after=widget - pack it after you have packed widget
anchor=NSEW (or subset) - position widget according to
before=widget - pack it before you will pack widget
expand=bool - expand widget if parent size grows
fill=NONE or X or Y or BOTH - fill widget if widget grows
in=master - use master to contain this widget
ipadx=amount - add internal padding in x direction
ipady=amount - add internal padding in y direction
padx=amount - add padding in x direction
pady=amount - add padding in y direction
side=TOP or BOTTOM or LEFT or RIGHT - where to add this widget.
('pack', 'configure', self
._w
)
+ self
._options
(cnf
, kw
))
pack
= configure
= config
= pack_configure
"""Unmap this widget and do not use it for the packing order."""
self
.tk
.call('pack', 'forget', self
._w
)
"""Return information about the packing options
words
= self
.tk
.splitlist(
self
.tk
.call('pack', 'info', self
._w
))
for i
in range(0, len(words
), 2):
value
= self
._nametowidget
(value
)
propagate
= pack_propagate
= Misc
.pack_propagate
slaves
= pack_slaves
= Misc
.pack_slaves
"""Geometry manager Place.
Base class to use the methods place_* in every widget."""
def place_configure(self
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Place a widget in the parent widget. Use as options:
in=master - master relative to which the widget is placed.
x=amount - locate anchor of this widget at position x of master
y=amount - locate anchor of this widget at position y of master
relx=amount - locate anchor of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0
relative to width of master (1.0 is right edge)
rely=amount - locate anchor of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0
relative to height of master (1.0 is bottom edge)
anchor=NSEW (or subset) - position anchor according to given direction
width=amount - width of this widget in pixel
height=amount - height of this widget in pixel
relwidth=amount - width of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0
relative to width of master (1.0 is the same width
relheight=amount - height of this widget between 0.0 and 1.0
relative to height of master (1.0 is the same
bordermode="inside" or "outside" - whether to take border width of master widget
('place', 'configure', self
._w
)
+ self
._options
(cnf
, kw
))
place
= configure
= config
= place_configure
self
.tk
.call('place', 'forget', self
._w
)
"""Return information about the placing options
words
= self
.tk
.splitlist(
self
.tk
.call('place', 'info', self
._w
))
for i
in range(0, len(words
), 2):
value
= self
._nametowidget
(value
)
slaves
= place_slaves
= Misc
.place_slaves
"""Geometry manager Grid.
Base class to use the methods grid_* in every widget."""
# Thanks to Masazumi Yoshikawa (yosikawa@isi.edu)
def grid_configure(self
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Position a widget in the parent widget in a grid. Use as options:
column=number - use cell identified with given column (starting with 0)
columnspan=number - this widget will span several columns
in=master - use master to contain this widget
ipadx=amount - add internal padding in x direction
ipady=amount - add internal padding in y direction
padx=amount - add padding in x direction
pady=amount - add padding in y direction
row=number - use cell identified with given row (starting with 0)
rowspan=number - this widget will span several rows
sticky=NSEW - if cell is larger on which sides will this
widget stick to the cell boundary
('grid', 'configure', self
._w
)
+ self
._options
(cnf
, kw
))
grid
= configure
= config
= grid_configure
bbox
= grid_bbox
= Misc
.grid_bbox
columnconfigure
= grid_columnconfigure
= Misc
.grid_columnconfigure
self
.tk
.call('grid', 'forget', self
._w
)
"""Unmap this widget but remember the grid options."""
self
.tk
.call('grid', 'remove', self
._w
)
"""Return information about the options
for positioning this widget in a grid."""
words
= self
.tk
.splitlist(
self
.tk
.call('grid', 'info', self
._w
))
for i
in range(0, len(words
), 2):
value
= self
._nametowidget
(value
)
location
= grid_location
= Misc
.grid_location
propagate
= grid_propagate
= Misc
.grid_propagate
rowconfigure
= grid_rowconfigure
= Misc
.grid_rowconfigure
size
= grid_size
= Misc
.grid_size
slaves
= grid_slaves
= Misc
.grid_slaves
def _setup(self
, master
, cnf
):
"""Internal function. Sets up information about children."""
if _support_default_root
:
self
._w
= master
._w
+ '.' + name
if self
.master
.children
.has_key(self
._name
):
self
.master
.children
[self
._name
].destroy()
self
.master
.children
[self
._name
] = self
def __init__(self
, master
, widgetName
, cnf
={}, kw
={}, extra
=()):
"""Construct a widget with the parent widget MASTER, a name WIDGETNAME
and appropriate options."""
cnf
= _cnfmerge((cnf
, kw
))
self
.widgetName
= widgetName
BaseWidget
._setup
(self
, master
, cnf
)
classes
.append((k
, cnf
[k
]))
(widgetName
, self
._w
) + extra
+ self
._options
(cnf
))
"""Destroy this and all descendants widgets."""
for c
in self
.children
.values(): c
.destroy()
if self
.master
.children
.has_key(self
._name
):
del self
.master
.children
[self
._name
]
self
.tk
.call('destroy', self
._w
)
def _do(self
, name
, args
=()):
# XXX Obsolete -- better use self.tk.call directly!
return self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, name
) + args
)
class Widget(BaseWidget
, Pack
, Place
, Grid
):
Base class for a widget which can be positioned with the geometry managers
class Toplevel(BaseWidget
, Wm
):
"""Toplevel widget, e.g. for dialogs."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a toplevel widget with the parent MASTER.
Valid resource names: background, bd, bg, borderwidth, class,
colormap, container, cursor, height, highlightbackground,
highlightcolor, highlightthickness, menu, relief, screen, takefocus,
cnf
= _cnfmerge((cnf
, kw
))
for wmkey
in ['screen', 'class_', 'class', 'visual',
# TBD: a hack needed because some keys
# are not valid as keyword arguments
if wmkey
[-1] == '_': opt
= '-'+wmkey
[:-1]
extra
= extra
+ (opt
, val
)
BaseWidget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'toplevel', cnf
, {}, extra
)
self
.iconname(root
.iconname())
self
.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self
.destroy
)
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a button widget with the parent MASTER.
activebackground, activeforeground, anchor,
background, bitmap, borderwidth, cursor,
disabledforeground, font, foreground
highlightbackground, highlightcolor,
highlightthickness, image, justify,
padx, pady, relief, repeatdelay,
repeatinterval, takefocus, text,
textvariable, underline, wraplength
command, compound, default, height,
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'button', cnf
, kw
)
def tkButtonEnter(self
, *dummy
):
self
.tk
.call('tkButtonEnter', self
._w
)
def tkButtonLeave(self
, *dummy
):
self
.tk
.call('tkButtonLeave', self
._w
)
def tkButtonDown(self
, *dummy
):
self
.tk
.call('tkButtonDown', self
._w
)
def tkButtonUp(self
, *dummy
):
self
.tk
.call('tkButtonUp', self
._w
)
def tkButtonInvoke(self
, *dummy
):
self
.tk
.call('tkButtonInvoke', self
._w
)
This is accomplished by redisplaying
the button several times, alternating between active and
normal colors. At the end of the flash the button is left
in the same normal/active state as when the command was
invoked. This command is ignored if the button's state is
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'flash')
"""Invoke the command associated with the button.
The return value is the return value from the command,
or an empty string if there is no command associated with
the button. This command is ignored if the button's state
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'invoke')
# XXX I don't like these -- take them away
"""Canvas widget to display graphical elements like lines or text."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a canvas widget with the parent MASTER.
Valid resource names: background, bd, bg, borderwidth, closeenough,
confine, cursor, height, highlightbackground, highlightcolor,
highlightthickness, insertbackground, insertborderwidth,
insertofftime, insertontime, insertwidth, offset, relief,
scrollregion, selectbackground, selectborderwidth, selectforeground,
state, takefocus, width, xscrollcommand, xscrollincrement,
yscrollcommand, yscrollincrement."""
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'canvas', cnf
, kw
)
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'addtag') + args
)
def addtag_above(self
, newtag
, tagOrId
):
"""Add tag NEWTAG to all items above TAGORID."""
self
.addtag(newtag
, 'above', tagOrId
)
def addtag_all(self
, newtag
):
"""Add tag NEWTAG to all items."""
self
.addtag(newtag
, 'all')
def addtag_below(self
, newtag
, tagOrId
):
"""Add tag NEWTAG to all items below TAGORID."""
self
.addtag(newtag
, 'below', tagOrId
)
def addtag_closest(self
, newtag
, x
, y
, halo
=None, start
=None):
"""Add tag NEWTAG to item which is closest to pixel at X, Y.
If several match take the top-most.
All items closer than HALO are considered overlapping (all are
closests). If START is specified the next below this tag is taken."""
self
.addtag(newtag
, 'closest', x
, y
, halo
, start
)
def addtag_enclosed(self
, newtag
, x1
, y1
, x2
, y2
):
"""Add tag NEWTAG to all items in the rectangle defined
self
.addtag(newtag
, 'enclosed', x1
, y1
, x2
, y2
)
def addtag_overlapping(self
, newtag
, x1
, y1
, x2
, y2
):
"""Add tag NEWTAG to all items which overlap the rectangle
defined by X1,Y1,X2,Y2."""
self
.addtag(newtag
, 'overlapping', x1
, y1
, x2
, y2
)
def addtag_withtag(self
, newtag
, tagOrId
):
"""Add tag NEWTAG to all items with TAGORID."""
self
.addtag(newtag
, 'withtag', tagOrId
)
"""Return a tuple of X1,Y1,X2,Y2 coordinates for a rectangle
which encloses all items with tags specified as arguments."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'bbox') + args
)) or None
def tag_unbind(self
, tagOrId
, sequence
, funcid
=None):
"""Unbind for all items with TAGORID for event SEQUENCE the
function identified with FUNCID."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'bind', tagOrId
, sequence
, '')
self
.deletecommand(funcid
)
def tag_bind(self
, tagOrId
, sequence
=None, func
=None, add
=None):
"""Bind to all items with TAGORID at event SEQUENCE a call to function FUNC.
An additional boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will be
called additionally to the other bound function or whether it will
replace the previous function. See bind for the return value."""
return self
._bind
((self
._w
, 'bind', tagOrId
),
def canvasx(self
, screenx
, gridspacing
=None):
"""Return the canvas x coordinate of pixel position SCREENX rounded
to nearest multiple of GRIDSPACING units."""
return getdouble(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'canvasx', screenx
, gridspacing
))
def canvasy(self
, screeny
, gridspacing
=None):
"""Return the canvas y coordinate of pixel position SCREENY rounded
to nearest multiple of GRIDSPACING units."""
return getdouble(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'canvasy', screeny
, gridspacing
))
"""Return a list of coordinates for the item given in ARGS."""
# XXX Should use _flatten on args
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'coords') + args
)))
def _create(self
, itemType
, args
, kw
): # Args: (val, val, ..., cnf={})
if type(cnf
) in (DictionaryType
, TupleType
):
return getint(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'create', itemType
,
*(args
+ self
._options
(cnf
, kw
))))
def create_arc(self
, *args
, **kw
):
"""Create arc shaped region with coordinates x1,y1,x2,y2."""
return self
._create
('arc', args
, kw
)
def create_bitmap(self
, *args
, **kw
):
"""Create bitmap with coordinates x1,y1."""
return self
._create
('bitmap', args
, kw
)
def create_image(self
, *args
, **kw
):
"""Create image item with coordinates x1,y1."""
return self
._create
('image', args
, kw
)
def create_line(self
, *args
, **kw
):
"""Create line with coordinates x1,y1,...,xn,yn."""
return self
._create
('line', args
, kw
)
def create_oval(self
, *args
, **kw
):
"""Create oval with coordinates x1,y1,x2,y2."""
return self
._create
('oval', args
, kw
)
def create_polygon(self
, *args
, **kw
):
"""Create polygon with coordinates x1,y1,...,xn,yn."""
return self
._create
('polygon', args
, kw
)
def create_rectangle(self
, *args
, **kw
):
"""Create rectangle with coordinates x1,y1,x2,y2."""
return self
._create
('rectangle', args
, kw
)
def create_text(self
, *args
, **kw
):
"""Create text with coordinates x1,y1."""
return self
._create
('text', args
, kw
)
def create_window(self
, *args
, **kw
):
"""Create window with coordinates x1,y1,x2,y2."""
return self
._create
('window', args
, kw
)
"""Delete characters of text items identified by tag or id in ARGS (possibly
several times) from FIRST to LAST character (including)."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'dchars') + args
)
"""Delete items identified by all tag or ids contained in ARGS."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'delete') + args
)
"""Delete tag or id given as last arguments in ARGS from items
identified by first argument in ARGS."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'dtag') + args
)
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'find') + args
)) or ()
def find_above(self
, tagOrId
):
"""Return items above TAGORID."""
return self
.find('above', tagOrId
)
def find_below(self
, tagOrId
):
"""Return all items below TAGORID."""
return self
.find('below', tagOrId
)
def find_closest(self
, x
, y
, halo
=None, start
=None):
"""Return item which is closest to pixel at X, Y.
If several match take the top-most.
All items closer than HALO are considered overlapping (all are
closests). If START is specified the next below this tag is taken."""
return self
.find('closest', x
, y
, halo
, start
)
def find_enclosed(self
, x1
, y1
, x2
, y2
):
"""Return all items in rectangle defined
return self
.find('enclosed', x1
, y1
, x2
, y2
)
def find_overlapping(self
, x1
, y1
, x2
, y2
):
"""Return all items which overlap the rectangle
defined by X1,Y1,X2,Y2."""
return self
.find('overlapping', x1
, y1
, x2
, y2
)
def find_withtag(self
, tagOrId
):
"""Return all items with TAGORID."""
return self
.find('withtag', tagOrId
)
"""Set focus to the first item specified in ARGS."""
return self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'focus') + args
)
def gettags(self
, *args
):
"""Return tags associated with the first item specified in ARGS."""
return self
.tk
.splitlist(
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'gettags') + args
))
def icursor(self
, *args
):
"""Set cursor at position POS in the item identified by TAGORID.
In ARGS TAGORID must be first."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'icursor') + args
)
"""Return position of cursor as integer in item specified in ARGS."""
return getint(self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'index') + args
))
"""Insert TEXT in item TAGORID at position POS. ARGS must
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'insert') + args
)
def itemcget(self
, tagOrId
, option
):
"""Return the resource value for an OPTION for item TAGORID."""
(self
._w
, 'itemcget') + (tagOrId
, '-'+option
))
def itemconfigure(self
, tagOrId
, cnf
=None, **kw
):
"""Configure resources of an item TAGORID.
The values for resources are specified as keyword
arguments. To get an overview about
the allowed keyword arguments call the method without arguments.
return self
._configure
(('itemconfigure', tagOrId
), cnf
, kw
)
itemconfig
= itemconfigure
# lower, tkraise/lift hide Misc.lower, Misc.tkraise/lift,
# so the preferred name for them is tag_lower, tag_raise
# (similar to tag_bind, and similar to the Text widget);
# unfortunately can't delete the old ones yet (maybe in 1.6)
def tag_lower(self
, *args
):
"""Lower an item TAGORID given in ARGS
(optional below another item)."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'lower') + args
)
"""Move an item TAGORID given in ARGS."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'move') + args
)
def postscript(self
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Print the contents of the canvas to a postscript
file. Valid options: colormap, colormode, file, fontmap,
height, pageanchor, pageheight, pagewidth, pagex, pagey,
return self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'postscript') +
def tag_raise(self
, *args
):
"""Raise an item TAGORID given in ARGS
(optional above another item)."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'raise') + args
)
lift
= tkraise
= tag_raise
"""Scale item TAGORID with XORIGIN, YORIGIN, XSCALE, YSCALE."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'scale') + args
)
def scan_mark(self
, x
, y
):
"""Remember the current X, Y coordinates."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'scan', 'mark', x
, y
)
def scan_dragto(self
, x
, y
, gain
=10):
"""Adjust the view of the canvas to GAIN times the
difference between X and Y and the coordinates given in
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'scan', 'dragto', x
, y
, gain
)
def select_adjust(self
, tagOrId
, index
):
"""Adjust the end of the selection near the cursor of an item TAGORID to index."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'select', 'adjust', tagOrId
, index
)
"""Clear the selection if it is in this widget."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'select', 'clear')
def select_from(self
, tagOrId
, index
):
"""Set the fixed end of a selection in item TAGORID to INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'select', 'from', tagOrId
, index
)
"""Return the item which has the selection."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'select', 'item') or None
def select_to(self
, tagOrId
, index
):
"""Set the variable end of a selection in item TAGORID to INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'select', 'to', tagOrId
, index
)
"""Return the type of the item TAGORID."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'type', tagOrId
) or None
"""Query and change horizontal position of the view."""
return self
._getdoubles
(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview'))
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'xview') + args
)
def xview_moveto(self
, fraction
):
"""Adjusts the view in the window so that FRACTION of the
total width of the canvas is off-screen to the left."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview', 'moveto', fraction
)
def xview_scroll(self
, number
, what
):
"""Shift the x-view according to NUMBER which is measured in "units" or "pages" (WHAT)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview', 'scroll', number
, what
)
"""Query and change vertical position of the view."""
return self
._getdoubles
(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'yview'))
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'yview') + args
)
def yview_moveto(self
, fraction
):
"""Adjusts the view in the window so that FRACTION of the
total height of the canvas is off-screen to the top."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'yview', 'moveto', fraction
)
def yview_scroll(self
, number
, what
):
"""Shift the y-view according to NUMBER which is measured in "units" or "pages" (WHAT)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'yview', 'scroll', number
, what
)
class Checkbutton(Widget
):
"""Checkbutton widget which is either in on- or off-state."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a checkbutton widget with the parent MASTER.
Valid resource names: activebackground, activeforeground, anchor,
background, bd, bg, bitmap, borderwidth, command, cursor,
disabledforeground, fg, font, foreground, height,
highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, image,
indicatoron, justify, offvalue, onvalue, padx, pady, relief,
selectcolor, selectimage, state, takefocus, text, textvariable,
underline, variable, width, wraplength."""
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'checkbutton', cnf
, kw
)
"""Put the button in off-state."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'deselect')
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'flash')
"""Toggle the button and invoke a command if given as resource."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'invoke')
"""Put the button in on-state."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'select')
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'toggle')
"""Entry widget which allows to display simple text."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct an entry widget with the parent MASTER.
Valid resource names: background, bd, bg, borderwidth, cursor,
exportselection, fg, font, foreground, highlightbackground,
highlightcolor, highlightthickness, insertbackground,
insertborderwidth, insertofftime, insertontime, insertwidth,
invalidcommand, invcmd, justify, relief, selectbackground,
selectborderwidth, selectforeground, show, state, takefocus,
textvariable, validate, validatecommand, vcmd, width,
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'entry', cnf
, kw
)
def delete(self
, first
, last
=None):
"""Delete text from FIRST to LAST (not included)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'delete', first
, last
)
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'get')
def icursor(self
, index
):
"""Insert cursor at INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'icursor', index
)
"""Return position of cursor."""
return getint(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'index', index
))
def insert(self
, index
, string
):
"""Insert STRING at INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'insert', index
, string
)
"""Remember the current X, Y coordinates."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'scan', 'mark', x
)
def scan_dragto(self
, x
):
"""Adjust the view of the canvas to 10 times the
difference between X and Y and the coordinates given in
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'scan', 'dragto', x
)
def selection_adjust(self
, index
):
"""Adjust the end of the selection near the cursor to INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'selection', 'adjust', index
)
select_adjust
= selection_adjust
def selection_clear(self
):
"""Clear the selection if it is in this widget."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'selection', 'clear')
select_clear
= selection_clear
def selection_from(self
, index
):
"""Set the fixed end of a selection to INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'selection', 'from', index
)
select_from
= selection_from
def selection_present(self
):
"""Return whether the widget has the selection."""
return self
.tk
.getboolean(
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'selection', 'present'))
select_present
= selection_present
def selection_range(self
, start
, end
):
"""Set the selection from START to END (not included)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'selection', 'range', start
, end
)
select_range
= selection_range
def selection_to(self
, index
):
"""Set the variable end of a selection to INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'selection', 'to', index
)
"""Query and change horizontal position of the view."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview', index
)
def xview_moveto(self
, fraction
):
"""Adjust the view in the window so that FRACTION of the
total width of the entry is off-screen to the left."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview', 'moveto', fraction
)
def xview_scroll(self
, number
, what
):
"""Shift the x-view according to NUMBER which is measured in "units" or "pages" (WHAT)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview', 'scroll', number
, what
)
"""Frame widget which may contain other widgets and can have a 3D border."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a frame widget with the parent MASTER.
Valid resource names: background, bd, bg, borderwidth, class,
colormap, container, cursor, height, highlightbackground,
highlightcolor, highlightthickness, relief, takefocus, visual, width."""
cnf
= _cnfmerge((cnf
, kw
))
if cnf
.has_key('class_'):
extra
= ('-class', cnf
['class_'])
elif cnf
.has_key('class'):
extra
= ('-class', cnf
['class'])
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'frame', cnf
, {}, extra
)
"""Label widget which can display text and bitmaps."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a label widget with the parent MASTER.
activebackground, activeforeground, anchor,
background, bitmap, borderwidth, cursor,
disabledforeground, font, foreground,
highlightbackground, highlightcolor,
highlightthickness, image, justify,
padx, pady, relief, takefocus, text,
textvariable, underline, wraplength
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'label', cnf
, kw
)
"""Listbox widget which can display a list of strings."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a listbox widget with the parent MASTER.
Valid resource names: background, bd, bg, borderwidth, cursor,
exportselection, fg, font, foreground, height, highlightbackground,
highlightcolor, highlightthickness, relief, selectbackground,
selectborderwidth, selectforeground, selectmode, setgrid, takefocus,
width, xscrollcommand, yscrollcommand, listvariable."""
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'listbox', cnf
, kw
)
def activate(self
, index
):
"""Activate item identified by INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'activate', index
)
"""Return a tuple of X1,Y1,X2,Y2 coordinates for a rectangle
which encloses the item identified by index in ARGS."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'bbox') + args
)) or None
"""Return list of indices of currently selected item."""
# XXX Ought to apply self._getints()...
return self
.tk
.splitlist(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'curselection'))
def delete(self
, first
, last
=None):
"""Delete items from FIRST to LAST (not included)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'delete', first
, last
)
def get(self
, first
, last
=None):
"""Get list of items from FIRST to LAST (not included)."""
return self
.tk
.splitlist(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'get', first
, last
))
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'get', first
)
"""Return index of item identified with INDEX."""
i
= self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'index', index
)
if i
== 'none': return None
def insert(self
, index
, *elements
):
"""Insert ELEMENTS at INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'insert', index
) + elements
)
"""Get index of item which is nearest to y coordinate Y."""
return getint(self
.tk
.call(
def scan_mark(self
, x
, y
):
"""Remember the current X, Y coordinates."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'scan', 'mark', x
, y
)
def scan_dragto(self
, x
, y
):
"""Adjust the view of the listbox to 10 times the
difference between X and Y and the coordinates given in
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'scan', 'dragto', x
, y
)
"""Scroll such that INDEX is visible."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'see', index
)
def selection_anchor(self
, index
):
"""Set the fixed end oft the selection to INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'selection', 'anchor', index
)
select_anchor
= selection_anchor
def selection_clear(self
, first
, last
=None):
"""Clear the selection from FIRST to LAST (not included)."""
'selection', 'clear', first
, last
)
select_clear
= selection_clear
def selection_includes(self
, index
):
"""Return 1 if INDEX is part of the selection."""
return self
.tk
.getboolean(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'selection', 'includes', index
))
select_includes
= selection_includes
def selection_set(self
, first
, last
=None):
"""Set the selection from FIRST to LAST (not included) without
changing the currently selected elements."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'selection', 'set', first
, last
)
select_set
= selection_set
"""Return the number of elements in the listbox."""
return getint(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'size'))
"""Query and change horizontal position of the view."""
return self
._getdoubles
(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview'))
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'xview') + what
)
def xview_moveto(self
, fraction
):
"""Adjust the view in the window so that FRACTION of the
total width of the entry is off-screen to the left."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview', 'moveto', fraction
)
def xview_scroll(self
, number
, what
):
"""Shift the x-view according to NUMBER which is measured in "units" or "pages" (WHAT)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview', 'scroll', number
, what
)
"""Query and change vertical position of the view."""
return self
._getdoubles
(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'yview'))
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'yview') + what
)
def yview_moveto(self
, fraction
):
"""Adjust the view in the window so that FRACTION of the
total width of the entry is off-screen to the top."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'yview', 'moveto', fraction
)
def yview_scroll(self
, number
, what
):
"""Shift the y-view according to NUMBER which is measured in "units" or "pages" (WHAT)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'yview', 'scroll', number
, what
)
def itemcget(self
, index
, option
):
"""Return the resource value for an ITEM and an OPTION."""
(self
._w
, 'itemcget') + (index
, '-'+option
))
def itemconfigure(self
, index
, cnf
=None, **kw
):
"""Configure resources of an ITEM.
The values for resources are specified as keyword arguments.
To get an overview about the allowed keyword arguments
call the method without arguments.
Valid resource names: background, bg, foreground, fg,
selectbackground, selectforeground."""
return self
._configure
(('itemconfigure', index
), cnf
, kw
)
itemconfig
= itemconfigure
"""Menu widget which allows to display menu bars, pull-down menus and pop-up menus."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct menu widget with the parent MASTER.
Valid resource names: activebackground, activeborderwidth,
activeforeground, background, bd, bg, borderwidth, cursor,
disabledforeground, fg, font, foreground, postcommand, relief,
selectcolor, takefocus, tearoff, tearoffcommand, title, type."""
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'menu', cnf
, kw
)
def tk_bindForTraversal(self
):
pass # obsolete since Tk 4.0
self
.tk
.call('tk_mbPost', self
._w
)
self
.tk
.call('tk_mbUnpost')
def tk_traverseToMenu(self
, char
):
self
.tk
.call('tk_traverseToMenu', self
._w
, char
)
def tk_traverseWithinMenu(self
, char
):
self
.tk
.call('tk_traverseWithinMenu', self
._w
, char
)
def tk_getMenuButtons(self
):
return self
.tk
.call('tk_getMenuButtons', self
._w
)
def tk_nextMenu(self
, count
):
self
.tk
.call('tk_nextMenu', count
)
def tk_nextMenuEntry(self
, count
):
self
.tk
.call('tk_nextMenuEntry', count
)
self
.tk
.call('tk_invokeMenu', self
._w
)
self
.tk
.call('tk_firstMenu', self
._w
)
def tk_mbButtonDown(self
):
self
.tk
.call('tk_mbButtonDown', self
._w
)
def tk_popup(self
, x
, y
, entry
=""):
"""Post the menu at position X,Y with entry ENTRY."""
self
.tk
.call('tk_popup', self
._w
, x
, y
, entry
)
def activate(self
, index
):
"""Activate entry at INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'activate', index
)
def add(self
, itemType
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'add', itemType
) +
def add_cascade(self
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Add hierarchical menu item."""
self
.add('cascade', cnf
or kw
)
def add_checkbutton(self
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Add checkbutton menu item."""
self
.add('checkbutton', cnf
or kw
)
def add_command(self
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Add command menu item."""
self
.add('command', cnf
or kw
)
def add_radiobutton(self
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Addd radio menu item."""
self
.add('radiobutton', cnf
or kw
)
def add_separator(self
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
self
.add('separator', cnf
or kw
)
def insert(self
, index
, itemType
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'insert', index
, itemType
) +
def insert_cascade(self
, index
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Add hierarchical menu item at INDEX."""
self
.insert(index
, 'cascade', cnf
or kw
)
def insert_checkbutton(self
, index
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Add checkbutton menu item at INDEX."""
self
.insert(index
, 'checkbutton', cnf
or kw
)
def insert_command(self
, index
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Add command menu item at INDEX."""
self
.insert(index
, 'command', cnf
or kw
)
def insert_radiobutton(self
, index
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Addd radio menu item at INDEX."""
self
.insert(index
, 'radiobutton', cnf
or kw
)
def insert_separator(self
, index
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Add separator at INDEX."""
self
.insert(index
, 'separator', cnf
or kw
)
def delete(self
, index1
, index2
=None):
"""Delete menu items between INDEX1 and INDEX2 (not included)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'delete', index1
, index2
)
def entrycget(self
, index
, option
):
"""Return the resource value of an menu item for OPTION at INDEX."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'entrycget', index
, '-' + option
)
def entryconfigure(self
, index
, cnf
=None, **kw
):
"""Configure a menu item at INDEX."""
return self
._configure
(('entryconfigure', index
), cnf
, kw
)
entryconfig
= entryconfigure
"""Return the index of a menu item identified by INDEX."""
i
= self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'index', index
)
if i
== 'none': return None
"""Invoke a menu item identified by INDEX and execute
the associated command."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'invoke', index
)
"""Display a menu at position X,Y."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'post', x
, y
)
"""Return the type of the menu item at INDEX."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'type', index
)
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'unpost')
def yposition(self
, index
):
"""Return the y-position of the topmost pixel of the menu item at INDEX."""
return getint(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'yposition', index
))
class Menubutton(Widget
):
"""Menubutton widget, obsolete since Tk8.0."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'menubutton', cnf
, kw
)
"""Message widget to display multiline text. Obsolete since Label does it too."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'message', cnf
, kw
)
class Radiobutton(Widget
):
"""Radiobutton widget which shows only one of several buttons in on-state."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a radiobutton widget with the parent MASTER.
Valid resource names: activebackground, activeforeground, anchor,
background, bd, bg, bitmap, borderwidth, command, cursor,
disabledforeground, fg, font, foreground, height,
highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, image,
indicatoron, justify, padx, pady, relief, selectcolor, selectimage,
state, takefocus, text, textvariable, underline, value, variable,
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'radiobutton', cnf
, kw
)
"""Put the button in off-state."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'deselect')
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'flash')
"""Toggle the button and invoke a command if given as resource."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'invoke')
"""Put the button in on-state."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'select')
"""Scale widget which can display a numerical scale."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a scale widget with the parent MASTER.
Valid resource names: activebackground, background, bigincrement, bd,
bg, borderwidth, command, cursor, digits, fg, font, foreground, from,
highlightbackground, highlightcolor, highlightthickness, label,
length, orient, relief, repeatdelay, repeatinterval, resolution,
showvalue, sliderlength, sliderrelief, state, takefocus,
tickinterval, to, troughcolor, variable, width."""
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'scale', cnf
, kw
)
"""Get the current value as integer or float."""
value
= self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'get')
"""Set the value to VALUE."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'set', value
)
def coords(self
, value
=None):
"""Return a tuple (X,Y) of the point along the centerline of the
trough that corresponds to VALUE or the current value if None is
return self
._getints
(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'coords', value
))
def identify(self
, x
, y
):
"""Return where the point X,Y lies. Valid return values are "slider",
"though1" and "though2"."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'identify', x
, y
)
"""Scrollbar widget which displays a slider at a certain position."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a scrollbar widget with the parent MASTER.
Valid resource names: activebackground, activerelief,
background, bd, bg, borderwidth, command, cursor,
elementborderwidth, highlightbackground,
highlightcolor, highlightthickness, jump, orient,
relief, repeatdelay, repeatinterval, takefocus,
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'scrollbar', cnf
, kw
)
def activate(self
, index
):
"""Display the element at INDEX with activebackground and activerelief.
INDEX can be "arrow1","slider" or "arrow2"."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'activate', index
)
def delta(self
, deltax
, deltay
):
"""Return the fractional change of the scrollbar setting if it
would be moved by DELTAX or DELTAY pixels."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'delta', deltax
, deltay
))
def fraction(self
, x
, y
):
"""Return the fractional value which corresponds to a slider
return getdouble(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'fraction', x
, y
))
def identify(self
, x
, y
):
"""Return the element under position X,Y as one of
"arrow1","slider","arrow2" or ""."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'identify', x
, y
)
"""Return the current fractional values (upper and lower end)
of the slider position."""
return self
._getdoubles
(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'get'))
"""Set the fractional values of the slider position (upper and
lower ends as value between 0 and 1)."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'set') + args
)
"""Text widget which can display text in various forms."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a text widget with the parent MASTER.
background, borderwidth, cursor,
exportselection, font, foreground,
highlightbackground, highlightcolor,
highlightthickness, insertbackground,
insertborderwidth, insertofftime,
insertontime, insertwidth, padx, pady,
relief, selectbackground,
selectborderwidth, selectforeground,
xscrollcommand, yscrollcommand,
autoseparators, height, maxundo,
spacing1, spacing2, spacing3,
state, tabs, undo, width, wrap,
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'text', cnf
, kw
)
"""Return a tuple of (x,y,width,height) which gives the bounding
box of the visible part of the character at the index in ARGS."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'bbox') + args
)) or None
def tk_textSelectTo(self
, index
):
self
.tk
.call('tk_textSelectTo', self
._w
, index
)
def tk_textBackspace(self
):
self
.tk
.call('tk_textBackspace', self
._w
)
def tk_textIndexCloser(self
, a
, b
, c
):
self
.tk
.call('tk_textIndexCloser', self
._w
, a
, b
, c
)
def tk_textResetAnchor(self
, index
):
self
.tk
.call('tk_textResetAnchor', self
._w
, index
)
def compare(self
, index1
, op
, index2
):
"""Return whether between index INDEX1 and index INDEX2 the
relation OP is satisfied. OP is one of <, <=, ==, >=, >, or !=."""
return self
.tk
.getboolean(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'compare', index1
, op
, index2
))
def debug(self
, boolean
=None):
"""Turn on the internal consistency checks of the B-Tree inside the text
widget according to BOOLEAN."""
return self
.tk
.getboolean(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'debug', boolean
))
def delete(self
, index1
, index2
=None):
"""Delete the characters between INDEX1 and INDEX2 (not included)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'delete', index1
, index2
)
def dlineinfo(self
, index
):
"""Return tuple (x,y,width,height,baseline) giving the bounding box
and baseline position of the visible part of the line containing
the character at INDEX."""
return self
._getints
(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'dlineinfo', index
))
def dump(self
, index1
, index2
=None, command
=None, **kw
):
"""Return the contents of the widget between index1 and index2.
The type of contents returned in filtered based on the keyword
parameters; if 'all', 'image', 'mark', 'tag', 'text', or 'window' are
given and true, then the corresponding items are returned. The result
is a list of triples of the form (key, value, index). If none of the
keywords are true then 'all' is used by default.
If the 'command' argument is given, it is called once for each element
of the list of triples, with the values of each triple serving as the
arguments to the function. In this case the list is not returned."""
# Never call the dump command without the -command flag, since the
# output could involve Tcl quoting and would be a pain to parse
# right. Instead just set the command to build a list of triples
# as if we had done the parsing.
def append_triple(key
, value
, index
, result
=result
):
result
.append((key
, value
, index
))
if not isinstance(command
, str):
func_name
= command
= self
._register
(command
)
args
+= ["-command", command
]
if kw
[key
]: args
.append("-" + key
)
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, "dump", *args
)
self
.deletecommand(func_name
)
This method controls the undo mechanism and
the modified flag. The exact behavior of the
command depends on the option argument that
follows the edit argument. The following forms
of the command are currently supported:
edit_modified, edit_redo, edit_reset, edit_separator
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'edit') + args
)) or ()
def edit_modified(self
, arg
=None):
"""Get or Set the modified flag
If arg is not specified, returns the modified
flag of the widget. The insert, delete, edit undo and
edit redo commands or the user can set or clear the
modified flag. If boolean is specified, sets the
modified flag of the widget to arg.
return self
.edit("modified", arg
)
"""Redo the last undone edit
When the undo option is true, reapplies the last
undone edits provided no other edits were done since
then. Generates an error when the redo stack is empty.
Does nothing when the undo option is false.
"""Clears the undo and redo stacks
return self
.edit("reset")
def edit_separator(self
):
"""Inserts a separator (boundary) on the undo stack.
Does nothing when the undo option is false
return self
.edit("separator")
"""Undoes the last edit action
If the undo option is true. An edit action is defined
as all the insert and delete commands that are recorded
on the undo stack in between two separators. Generates
an error when the undo stack is empty. Does nothing
when the undo option is false
def get(self
, index1
, index2
=None):
"""Return the text from INDEX1 to INDEX2 (not included)."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'get', index1
, index2
)
# (Image commands are new in 8.0)
def image_cget(self
, index
, option
):
"""Return the value of OPTION of an embedded image at INDEX."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, "image", "cget", index
, option
)
def image_configure(self
, index
, cnf
=None, **kw
):
"""Configure an embedded image at INDEX."""
return self
._configure
(('image', 'configure', index
), cnf
, kw
)
def image_create(self
, index
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Create an embedded image at INDEX."""
self
._w
, "image", "create", index
,
"""Return all names of embedded images in this widget."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, "image", "names")
"""Return the index in the form line.char for INDEX."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'index', index
)
def insert(self
, index
, chars
, *args
):
"""Insert CHARS before the characters at INDEX. An additional
tag can be given in ARGS. Additional CHARS and tags can follow in ARGS."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'insert', index
, chars
) + args
)
def mark_gravity(self
, markName
, direction
=None):
"""Change the gravity of a mark MARKNAME to DIRECTION (LEFT or RIGHT).
Return the current value if None is given for DIRECTION."""
(self
._w
, 'mark', 'gravity', markName
, direction
))
"""Return all mark names."""
return self
.tk
.splitlist(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'mark', 'names'))
def mark_set(self
, markName
, index
):
"""Set mark MARKNAME before the character at INDEX."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'mark', 'set', markName
, index
)
def mark_unset(self
, *markNames
):
"""Delete all marks in MARKNAMES."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'mark', 'unset') + markNames
)
def mark_next(self
, index
):
"""Return the name of the next mark after INDEX."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'mark', 'next', index
) or None
def mark_previous(self
, index
):
"""Return the name of the previous mark before INDEX."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'mark', 'previous', index
) or None
def scan_mark(self
, x
, y
):
"""Remember the current X, Y coordinates."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'scan', 'mark', x
, y
)
def scan_dragto(self
, x
, y
):
"""Adjust the view of the text to 10 times the
difference between X and Y and the coordinates given in
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'scan', 'dragto', x
, y
)
def search(self
, pattern
, index
, stopindex
=None,
forwards
=None, backwards
=None, exact
=None,
regexp
=None, nocase
=None, count
=None):
"""Search PATTERN beginning from INDEX until STOPINDEX.
Return the index of the first character of a match or an empty string."""
args
= [self
._w
, 'search']
if forwards
: args
.append('-forwards')
if backwards
: args
.append('-backwards')
if exact
: args
.append('-exact')
if regexp
: args
.append('-regexp')
if nocase
: args
.append('-nocase')
if count
: args
.append('-count'); args
.append(count
)
if pattern
[0] == '-': args
.append('--')
if stopindex
: args
.append(stopindex
)
return self
.tk
.call(tuple(args
))
"""Scroll such that the character at INDEX is visible."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'see', index
)
def tag_add(self
, tagName
, index1
, *args
):
"""Add tag TAGNAME to all characters between INDEX1 and index2 in ARGS.
Additional pairs of indices may follow in ARGS."""
(self
._w
, 'tag', 'add', tagName
, index1
) + args
)
def tag_unbind(self
, tagName
, sequence
, funcid
=None):
"""Unbind for all characters with TAGNAME for event SEQUENCE the
function identified with FUNCID."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'tag', 'bind', tagName
, sequence
, '')
self
.deletecommand(funcid
)
def tag_bind(self
, tagName
, sequence
, func
, add
=None):
"""Bind to all characters with TAGNAME at event SEQUENCE a call to function FUNC.
An additional boolean parameter ADD specifies whether FUNC will be
called additionally to the other bound function or whether it will
replace the previous function. See bind for the return value."""
return self
._bind
((self
._w
, 'tag', 'bind', tagName
),
def tag_cget(self
, tagName
, option
):
"""Return the value of OPTION for tag TAGNAME."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'tag', 'cget', tagName
, option
)
def tag_configure(self
, tagName
, cnf
=None, **kw
):
"""Configure a tag TAGNAME."""
return self
._configure
(('tag', 'configure', tagName
), cnf
, kw
)
tag_config
= tag_configure
def tag_delete(self
, *tagNames
):
"""Delete all tags in TAGNAMES."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'tag', 'delete') + tagNames
)
def tag_lower(self
, tagName
, belowThis
=None):
"""Change the priority of tag TAGNAME such that it is lower
than the priority of BELOWTHIS."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'tag', 'lower', tagName
, belowThis
)
def tag_names(self
, index
=None):
"""Return a list of all tag names."""
return self
.tk
.splitlist(
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'tag', 'names', index
))
def tag_nextrange(self
, tagName
, index1
, index2
=None):
"""Return a list of start and end index for the first sequence of
characters between INDEX1 and INDEX2 which all have tag TAGNAME.
The text is searched forward from INDEX1."""
return self
.tk
.splitlist(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'tag', 'nextrange', tagName
, index1
, index2
))
def tag_prevrange(self
, tagName
, index1
, index2
=None):
"""Return a list of start and end index for the first sequence of
characters between INDEX1 and INDEX2 which all have tag TAGNAME.
The text is searched backwards from INDEX1."""
return self
.tk
.splitlist(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'tag', 'prevrange', tagName
, index1
, index2
))
def tag_raise(self
, tagName
, aboveThis
=None):
"""Change the priority of tag TAGNAME such that it is higher
than the priority of ABOVETHIS."""
self
._w
, 'tag', 'raise', tagName
, aboveThis
)
def tag_ranges(self
, tagName
):
"""Return a list of ranges of text which have tag TAGNAME."""
return self
.tk
.splitlist(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'tag', 'ranges', tagName
))
def tag_remove(self
, tagName
, index1
, index2
=None):
"""Remove tag TAGNAME from all characters between INDEX1 and INDEX2."""
self
._w
, 'tag', 'remove', tagName
, index1
, index2
)
def window_cget(self
, index
, option
):
"""Return the value of OPTION of an embedded window at INDEX."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'window', 'cget', index
, option
)
def window_configure(self
, index
, cnf
=None, **kw
):
"""Configure an embedded window at INDEX."""
return self
._configure
(('window', 'configure', index
), cnf
, kw
)
window_config
= window_configure
def window_create(self
, index
, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Create a window at INDEX."""
(self
._w
, 'window', 'create', index
)
+ self
._options
(cnf
, kw
))
"""Return all names of embedded windows in this widget."""
return self
.tk
.splitlist(
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'window', 'names'))
"""Query and change horizontal position of the view."""
return self
._getdoubles
(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview'))
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'xview') + what
)
def xview_moveto(self
, fraction
):
"""Adjusts the view in the window so that FRACTION of the
total width of the canvas is off-screen to the left."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview', 'moveto', fraction
)
def xview_scroll(self
, number
, what
):
"""Shift the x-view according to NUMBER which is measured
in "units" or "pages" (WHAT)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'xview', 'scroll', number
, what
)
"""Query and change vertical position of the view."""
return self
._getdoubles
(self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'yview'))
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'yview') + what
)
def yview_moveto(self
, fraction
):
"""Adjusts the view in the window so that FRACTION of the
total height of the canvas is off-screen to the top."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'yview', 'moveto', fraction
)
def yview_scroll(self
, number
, what
):
"""Shift the y-view according to NUMBER which is measured
in "units" or "pages" (WHAT)."""
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'yview', 'scroll', number
, what
)
def yview_pickplace(self
, *what
):
"""Obsolete function, use see."""
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'yview', '-pickplace') + what
)
"""Internal class. It wraps the command in the widget OptionMenu."""
def __init__(self
, var
, value
, callback
=None):
self
.__callback
= callback
def __call__(self
, *args
):
self
.__var
.set(self
.__value
)
self
.__callback
(self
.__value
, *args
)
class OptionMenu(Menubutton
):
"""OptionMenu which allows the user to select a value from a menu."""
def __init__(self
, master
, variable
, value
, *values
, **kwargs
):
"""Construct an optionmenu widget with the parent MASTER, with
the resource textvariable set to VARIABLE, the initially selected
value VALUE, the other menu values VALUES and an additional
keyword argument command."""
kw
= {"borderwidth": 2, "textvariable": variable
,
"indicatoron": 1, "relief": RAISED
, "anchor": "c",
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, "menubutton", kw
)
self
.widgetName
= 'tk_optionMenu'
menu
= self
.__menu
= Menu(self
, name
="menu", tearoff
=0)
# 'command' is the only supported keyword
callback
= kwargs
.get('command')
if kwargs
.has_key('command'):
raise TclError
, 'unknown option -'+kwargs
.keys()[0]
menu
.add_command(label
=value
,
command
=_setit(variable
, value
, callback
))
menu
.add_command(label
=v
,
command
=_setit(variable
, v
, callback
))
def __getitem__(self
, name
):
return Widget
.__getitem
__(self
, name
)
"""Destroy this widget and the associated menu."""
"""Base class for images."""
def __init__(self
, imgtype
, name
=None, cnf
={}, master
=None, **kw
):
raise RuntimeError, 'Too early to create image'
name
= "pyimage%r" % (Image
._last
_id
,) # tk itself would use image<x>
# The following is needed for systems where id(x)
# can return a negative number, such as Linux/m68k:
if name
[0] == '-': name
= '_' + name
[1:]
if kw
and cnf
: cnf
= _cnfmerge((cnf
, kw
))
options
= options
+ ('-'+k
, v
)
self
.tk
.call(('image', 'create', imgtype
, name
,) + options
)
def __str__(self
): return self
.name
self
.tk
.call('image', 'delete', self
.name
)
# May happen if the root was destroyed
def __setitem__(self
, key
, value
):
self
.tk
.call(self
.name
, 'configure', '-'+key
, value
)
def __getitem__(self
, key
):
return self
.tk
.call(self
.name
, 'configure', '-'+key
)
def configure(self
, **kw
):
"""Configure the image."""
for k
, v
in _cnfmerge(kw
).items():
if k
[-1] == '_': k
= k
[:-1]
self
.tk
.call((self
.name
, 'config') + res
)
"""Return the height of the image."""
self
.tk
.call('image', 'height', self
.name
))
"""Return the type of the imgage, e.g. "photo" or "bitmap"."""
return self
.tk
.call('image', 'type', self
.name
)
"""Return the width of the image."""
self
.tk
.call('image', 'width', self
.name
))
"""Widget which can display colored images in GIF, PPM/PGM format."""
def __init__(self
, name
=None, cnf
={}, master
=None, **kw
):
"""Create an image with NAME.
Valid resource names: data, format, file, gamma, height, palette,
Image
.__init
__(self
, 'photo', name
, cnf
, master
, **kw
)
"""Display a transparent image."""
self
.tk
.call(self
.name
, 'blank')
"""Return the value of OPTION."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
.name
, 'cget', '-' + option
)
def __getitem__(self
, key
):
return self
.tk
.call(self
.name
, 'cget', '-' + key
)
# XXX copy -from, -to, ...?
"""Return a new PhotoImage with the same image as this widget."""
self
.tk
.call(destImage
, 'copy', self
.name
)
"""Return a new PhotoImage with the same image as this widget
but zoom it with X and Y."""
self
.tk
.call(destImage
, 'copy', self
.name
, '-zoom',x
,y
)
def subsample(self
,x
,y
=''):
"""Return a new PhotoImage based on the same image as this widget
but use only every Xth or Yth pixel."""
self
.tk
.call(destImage
, 'copy', self
.name
, '-subsample',x
,y
)
"""Return the color (red, green, blue) of the pixel at X,Y."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
.name
, 'get', x
, y
)
def put(self
, data
, to
=None):
"""Put row formated colors to image starting from
position TO, e.g. image.put("{red green} {blue yellow}", to=(4,6))"""
args
= (self
.name
, 'put', data
)
args
= args
+ ('-to',) + tuple(to
)
def write(self
, filename
, format
=None, from_coords
=None):
"""Write image to file FILENAME in FORMAT starting from
args
= (self
.name
, 'write', filename
)
args
= args
+ ('-format', format
)
args
= args
+ ('-from',) + tuple(from_coords
)
class BitmapImage(Image
):
"""Widget which can display a bitmap."""
def __init__(self
, name
=None, cnf
={}, master
=None, **kw
):
"""Create a bitmap with NAME.
Valid resource names: background, data, file, foreground, maskdata, maskfile."""
Image
.__init
__(self
, 'bitmap', name
, cnf
, master
, **kw
)
def image_names(): return _default_root
.tk
.call('image', 'names')
def image_types(): return _default_root
.tk
.call('image', 'types')
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a spinbox widget with the parent MASTER.
activebackground, background, borderwidth,
cursor, exportselection, font, foreground,
highlightbackground, highlightcolor,
highlightthickness, insertbackground,
insertborderwidth, insertofftime,
insertontime, insertwidth, justify, relief,
repeatdelay, repeatinterval,
selectbackground, selectborderwidth
selectforeground, takefocus, textvariable
buttonbackground, buttoncursor,
buttondownrelief, buttonuprelief,
command, disabledbackground,
disabledforeground, format, from,
invalidcommand, increment,
readonlybackground, state, to,
validate, validatecommand values,
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'spinbox', cnf
, kw
)
"""Return a tuple of X1,Y1,X2,Y2 coordinates for a
rectangle which encloses the character given by index.
The first two elements of the list give the x and y
coordinates of the upper-left corner of the screen
area covered by the character (in pixels relative
to the widget) and the last two elements give the
width and height of the character, in pixels. The
bounding box may refer to a region outside the
visible area of the window.
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'bbox', index
)
def delete(self
, first
, last
=None):
"""Delete one or more elements of the spinbox.
First is the index of the first character to delete,
and last is the index of the character just after
the last one to delete. If last isn't specified it
defaults to first+1, i.e. a single character is
deleted. This command returns an empty string.
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'delete', first
, last
)
"""Returns the spinbox's string"""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'get')
def icursor(self
, index
):
"""Alter the position of the insertion cursor.
The insertion cursor will be displayed just before
the character given by index. Returns an empty string
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'icursor', index
)
def identify(self
, x
, y
):
"""Returns the name of the widget at position x, y
Return value is one of: none, buttondown, buttonup, entry
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'identify', x
, y
)
"""Returns the numerical index corresponding to index
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'index', index
)
def insert(self
, index
, s
):
"""Insert string s at index
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'insert', index
, s
)
def invoke(self
, element
):
"""Causes the specified element to be invoked
The element could be buttondown or buttonup
triggering the action associated with it.
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'invoke', element
)
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'scan') + args
)) or ()
"""Records x and the current view in the spinbox window;
used in conjunction with later scan dragto commands.
Typically this command is associated with a mouse button
press in the widget. It returns an empty string.
return self
.scan("mark", x
)
def scan_dragto(self
, x
):
"""Compute the difference between the given x argument
and the x argument to the last scan mark command
It then adjusts the view left or right by 10 times the
difference in x-coordinates. This command is typically
associated with mouse motion events in the widget, to
produce the effect of dragging the spinbox at high speed
through the window. The return value is an empty string.
return self
.scan("dragto", x
)
def selection(self
, *args
):
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'selection') + args
)) or ()
def selection_adjust(self
, index
):
"""Locate the end of the selection nearest to the character
Then adjust that end of the selection to be at index
(i.e including but not going beyond index). The other
end of the selection is made the anchor point for future
select to commands. If the selection isn't currently in
the spinbox, then a new selection is created to include
the characters between index and the most recent selection
anchor point, inclusive. Returns an empty string.
return self
.selection("adjust", index
)
def selection_clear(self
):
If the selection isn't in this widget then the
command has no effect. Returns an empty string.
return self
.selection("clear")
def selection_element(self
, element
=None):
"""Sets or gets the currently selected element.
If a spinbutton element is specified, it will be
return self
.selection("element", element
)
###########################################################################
class LabelFrame(Widget
):
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a labelframe widget with the parent MASTER.
borderwidth, cursor, font, foreground,
highlightbackground, highlightcolor,
highlightthickness, padx, pady, relief,
background, class, colormap, container,
height, labelanchor, labelwidget,
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'labelframe', cnf
, kw
)
########################################################################
class PanedWindow(Widget
):
"""panedwindow widget."""
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
"""Construct a panedwindow widget with the parent MASTER.
background, borderwidth, cursor, height,
handlepad, handlesize, opaqueresize,
sashcursor, sashpad, sashrelief,
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'panedwindow', cnf
, kw
)
def add(self
, child
, **kw
):
"""Add a child widget to the panedwindow in a new pane.
The child argument is the name of the child widget
followed by pairs of arguments that specify how to
manage the windows. Options may have any of the values
accepted by the configure subcommand.
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'add', child
) + self
._options
(kw
))
"""Remove the pane containing child from the panedwindow
All geometry management options for child will be forgotten.
self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'forget', child
)
def identify(self
, x
, y
):
"""Identify the panedwindow component at point x, y
If the point is over a sash or a sash handle, the result
is a two element list containing the index of the sash or
handle, and a word indicating whether it is over a sash
or a handle, such as {0 sash} or {2 handle}. If the point
is over any other part of the panedwindow, the result is
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'identify', x
, y
)
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'proxy') + args
)) or ()
"""Return the x and y pair of the most recent proxy location
return self
.proxy("coord")
"""Remove the proxy from the display.
return self
.proxy("forget")
def proxy_place(self
, x
, y
):
"""Place the proxy at the given x and y coordinates.
return self
.proxy("place", x
, y
)
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'sash') + args
)) or ()
def sash_coord(self
, index
):
"""Return the current x and y pair for the sash given by index.
Index must be an integer between 0 and 1 less than the
number of panes in the panedwindow. The coordinates given are
those of the top left corner of the region containing the sash.
pathName sash dragto index x y This command computes the
difference between the given coordinates and the coordinates
given to the last sash coord command for the given sash. It then
moves that sash the computed difference. The return value is the
return self
.sash("coord", index
)
def sash_mark(self
, index
):
"""Records x and y for the sash given by index;
Used in conjunction with later dragto commands to move the sash.
return self
.sash("mark", index
)
def sash_place(self
, index
, x
, y
):
"""Place the sash given by index at the given coordinates
return self
.sash("place", index
, x
, y
)
def panecget(self
, child
, option
):
"""Query a management option for window.
Option may be any value allowed by the paneconfigure subcommand
(self
._w
, 'panecget') + (child
, '-'+option
))
def paneconfigure(self
, tagOrId
, cnf
=None, **kw
):
"""Query or modify the management options for window.
If no option is specified, returns a list describing all
of the available options for pathName. If option is
specified with no value, then the command returns a list
describing the one named option (this list will be identical
to the corresponding sublist of the value returned if no
option is specified). If one or more option-value pairs are
specified, then the command modifies the given widget
option(s) to have the given value(s); in this case the
command returns an empty string. The following options
Insert the window after the window specified. window
should be the name of a window already managed by pathName.
Insert the window before the window specified. window
should be the name of a window already managed by pathName.
Specify a height for the window. The height will be the
outer dimension of the window including its border, if
any. If size is an empty string, or if -height is not
specified, then the height requested internally by the
window will be used initially; the height may later be
adjusted by the movement of sashes in the panedwindow.
Size may be any value accepted by Tk_GetPixels.
Specifies that the size of the window cannot be made
less than n. This constraint only affects the size of
the widget in the paned dimension -- the x dimension
for horizontal panedwindows, the y dimension for
vertical panedwindows. May be any value accepted by
Specifies a non-negative value indicating how much
extra space to leave on each side of the window in
the X-direction. The value may have any of the forms
accepted by Tk_GetPixels.
Specifies a non-negative value indicating how much
extra space to leave on each side of the window in
the Y-direction. The value may have any of the forms
accepted by Tk_GetPixels.
If a window's pane is larger than the requested
dimensions of the window, this option may be used
to position (or stretch) the window within its pane.
Style is a string that contains zero or more of the
characters n, s, e or w. The string can optionally
contains spaces or commas, but they are ignored. Each
letter refers to a side (north, south, east, or west)
that the window will "stick" to. If both n and s
(or e and w) are specified, the window will be
stretched to fill the entire height (or width) of
Specify a width for the window. The width will be
the outer dimension of the window including its
border, if any. If size is an empty string, or
if -width is not specified, then the width requested
internally by the window will be used initially; the
width may later be adjusted by the movement of sashes
in the panedwindow. Size may be any value accepted by
if cnf
is None and not kw
:
'paneconfigure', tagOrId
)):
cnf
[x
[0][1:]] = (x
[0][1:],) + x
[1:]
if type(cnf
) == StringType
and not kw
:
x
= self
.tk
.split(self
.tk
.call(
self
._w
, 'paneconfigure', tagOrId
, '-'+cnf
))
return (x
[0][1:],) + x
[1:]
self
.tk
.call((self
._w
, 'paneconfigure', tagOrId
) +
paneconfig
= paneconfigure
"""Returns an ordered list of the child panes."""
return self
.tk
.call(self
._w
, 'panes')
######################################################################
class Studbutton(Button
):
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'studbutton', cnf
, kw
)
self
.bind('<Any-Enter>', self
.tkButtonEnter
)
self
.bind('<Any-Leave>', self
.tkButtonLeave
)
self
.bind('<1>', self
.tkButtonDown
)
self
.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', self
.tkButtonUp
)
def __init__(self
, master
=None, cnf
={}, **kw
):
Widget
.__init
__(self
, master
, 'tributton', cnf
, kw
)
self
.bind('<Any-Enter>', self
.tkButtonEnter
)
self
.bind('<Any-Leave>', self
.tkButtonLeave
)
self
.bind('<1>', self
.tkButtonDown
)
self
.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', self
.tkButtonUp
)
self
['activebackground'] = self
['bg']
######################################################################
text
= "This is Tcl/Tk version %s" % TclVersion
text
= text
+ unicode("\nThis should be a cedilla: \347",
pass # no unicode support
label
= Label(root
, text
=text
)
test
= Button(root
, text
="Click me!",
command
=lambda root
=root
: root
.test
.configure(
text
="[%s]" % root
.test
['text']))
quit
= Button(root
, text
="QUIT", command
=root
.destroy
)
# The following three commands are needed so the window pops
# up on top on Windows...
if __name__
== '__main__':