[OpenSPARC-T2-SAM] / sam-t2 / devtools / v8plus / man / mann / read.n

'\"
'\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
'\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
'\"
'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
'\" 
'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: read.n,v 1.7.8.1 2004/10/27 14:23:57 dkf Exp $
'\" 
'\" The definitions below are for supplemental macros used in Tcl/Tk
'\" manual entries.
'\"
'\" .AP type name in/out ?indent?
'\"	Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure.
'\"	type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out",
'\"	or "in/out" to describe whether procedure reads or modifies arg,
'\"	and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be
'\"	needed;  use .AS below instead)
'\"
'\" .AS ?type? ?name?
'\"	Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops.  Type and
'\"	name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed
'\"	to .AP later.  If args are omitted, default tab stops are used.
'\"
'\" .BS
'\"	Start box enclosure.  From here until next .BE, everything will be
'\"	enclosed in one large box.
'\"
'\" .BE
'\"	End of box enclosure.
'\"
'\" .CS
'\"	Begin code excerpt.
'\"
'\" .CE
'\"	End code excerpt.
'\"
'\" .VS ?version? ?br?
'\"	Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts
'\"	of man pages.  The first argument is ignored and used for recording
'\"	the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be
'\"	found and removed when they reach a certain age.  If another argument
'\"	is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar.
'\"
'\" .VE
'\"	End of vertical sidebar.
'\"
'\" .DS
'\"	Begin an indented unfilled display.
'\"
'\" .DE
'\"	End of indented unfilled display.
'\"
'\" .SO
'\"	Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget.  The
'\"	options follow on successive lines, in four columns separated
'\"	by tabs.
'\"
'\" .SE
'\"	End of list of standard options for a Tk widget.
'\"
'\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass
'\"	Start of description of a specific option.  cmdName gives the
'\"	option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives
'\"	the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives
'\"	the option's class in the option database.
'\"
'\" .UL arg1 arg2
'\"	Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally.
'\"
'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: man.macros,v 1.4 2000/08/25 06:18:32 ericm Exp $
'\"
'\"	# Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages.
.if t .wh -1.3i ^B
.nr ^l \n(.l
.ad b
'\"	# Start an argument description
.de AP
.ie !"\\$4"" .TP \\$4
.el \{\
.   ie !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu
.   el          .TP 15
.\}
.ta \\n()Au \\n()Bu
.ie !"\\$3"" \{\
\&\\$1	\\fI\\$2\\fP	(\\$3)
.\".b
.\}
.el \{\
.br
.ie !"\\$2"" \{\
\&\\$1	\\fI\\$2\\fP
.\}
.el \{\
\&\\fI\\$1\\fP
.\}
.\}
..
'\"	# define tabbing values for .AP
.de AS
.nr )A 10n
.if !"\\$1"" .nr )A \\w'\\$1'u+3n
.nr )B \\n()Au+15n
.\"
.if !"\\$2"" .nr )B \\w'\\$2'u+\\n()Au+3n
.nr )C \\n()Bu+\\w'(in/out)'u+2n
..
.AS Tcl_Interp Tcl_CreateInterp in/out
'\"	# BS - start boxed text
'\"	# ^y = starting y location
'\"	# ^b = 1
.de BS
.br
.mk ^y
.nr ^b 1u
.if n .nf
.if n .ti 0
.if n \l'\\n(.lu\(ul'
.if n .fi
..
'\"	# BE - end boxed text (draw box now)
.de BE
.nf
.ti 0
.mk ^t
.ie n \l'\\n(^lu\(ul'
.el \{\
.\"	Draw four-sided box normally, but don't draw top of
.\"	box if the box started on an earlier page.
.ie !\\n(^b-1 \{\
\h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul'
.\}
.el \}\
\h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul'
.\}
.\}
.fi
.br
.nr ^b 0
..
'\"	# VS - start vertical sidebar
'\"	# ^Y = starting y location
'\"	# ^v = 1 (for troff;  for nroff this doesn't matter)
.de VS
.if !"\\$2"" .br
.mk ^Y
.ie n 'mc \s12\(br\s0
.el .nr ^v 1u
..
'\"	# VE - end of vertical sidebar
.de VE
.ie n 'mc
.el \{\
.ev 2
.nf
.ti 0
.mk ^t
\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\L'|\\n(^Yu-1v\(bv'\v'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu'\h'-|\\n(^lu+3n'
.sp -1
.fi
.ev
.\}
.nr ^v 0
..
'\"	# Special macro to handle page bottom:  finish off current
'\"	# box/sidebar if in box/sidebar mode, then invoked standard
'\"	# page bottom macro.
.de ^B
.ev 2
'ti 0
'nf
.mk ^t
.if \\n(^b \{\
.\"	Draw three-sided box if this is the box's first page,
.\"	draw two sides but no top otherwise.
.ie !\\n(^b-1 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c
.el \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c
.\}
.if \\n(^v \{\
.nr ^x \\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu
\kx\h'-\\nxu'\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\ky\L'-\\n(^xu'\v'\\n(^xu'\h'|0u'\c
.\}
.bp
'fi
.ev
.if \\n(^b \{\
.mk ^y
.nr ^b 2
.\}
.if \\n(^v \{\
.mk ^Y
.\}
..
'\"	# DS - begin display
.de DS
.RS
.nf
.sp
..
'\"	# DE - end display
.de DE
.fi
.RE
.sp
..
'\"	# SO - start of list of standard options
.de SO
.SH "STANDARD OPTIONS"
.LP
.nf
.ta 5.5c 11c
.ft B
..
'\"	# SE - end of list of standard options
.de SE
.fi
.ft R
.LP
See the \\fBoptions\\fR manual entry for details on the standard options.
..
'\"	# OP - start of full description for a single option
.de OP
.LP
.nf
.ta 4c
Command-Line Name:	\\fB\\$1\\fR
Database Name:	\\fB\\$2\\fR
Database Class:	\\fB\\$3\\fR
.fi
.IP
..
'\"	# CS - begin code excerpt
.de CS
.RS
.nf
.ta .25i .5i .75i 1i
..
'\"	# CE - end code excerpt
.de CE
.fi
.RE
..
.de UL
\\$1\l'|0\(ul'\\$2
..
.TH read n 8.1 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands"
.BS
'\" Note:  do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
.SH NAME
read \- Read from a channel
.SH SYNOPSIS
\fBread \fR?\fB\-nonewline\fR? \fIchannelId\fR
.sp
\fBread \fIchannelId numChars\fR
.BE

.SH DESCRIPTION
.PP
In the first form, the \fBread\fR command reads all of the data from
\fIchannelId\fR up to the end of the file.  If the \fB\-nonewline\fR
switch is specified then the last character of the file is discarded
if it is a newline.  In the second form, the extra argument specifies
how many characters to read.  Exactly that many characters will be
read and returned, unless there are fewer than \fInumChars\fR left in
the file; in this case all the remaining characters are returned.  If
the channel is configured to use a multi-byte encoding, then the
number of characters read may not be the same as the number of bytes
read.
.PP
.VS
\fIChannelId\fR must be an identifier for an open channel such as the
Tcl standard input channel (\fBstdin\fR), the return value from an
invocation of \fBopen\fR or \fBsocket\fR, or the result of a channel
creation command provided by a Tcl extension. The channel must have
been opened for input.
.VE
.PP
If \fIchannelId\fR is in nonblocking mode, the command may not read as
many characters as requested: once all available input has been read,
the command will return the data that is available rather than
blocking for more input.  If the channel is configured to use a
multi-byte encoding, then there may actually be some bytes remaining
in the internal buffers that do not form a complete character.  These
bytes will not be returned until a complete character is available or
end-of-file is reached.  The \fB\-nonewline\fR switch is ignored if
the command returns before reaching the end of the file.
.PP
\fBRead\fR translates end-of-line sequences in the input into
newline characters according to the \fB\-translation\fR option
for the channel.
See the \fBfconfigure\fR manual entry for a discussion on ways in
which \fBfconfigure\fR will alter input.

.SH "USE WITH SERIAL PORTS"
'\" Note:  this advice actually applies to many versions of Tcl

For most applications a channel connected to a serial port should be
configured to be nonblocking: \fBfconfigure \fIchannelId \fB\-blocking
\fI0\fR.  Then \fBread\fR behaves much like described above.  Care
must be taken when using \fBread\fR on blocking serial ports:
.TP
\fBread \fIchannelId numChars\fR 
In this form \fBread\fR blocks until \fInumChars\fR have been received
from the serial port.
.TP
\fBread \fIchannelId\fR 
In this form \fBread\fR blocks until the reception of the end-of-file
character, see \fBfconfigure -eofchar\fR. If there no end-of-file
character has been configured for the channel, then \fBread\fR will
block forever.
.SH "EXAMPLE"
This example code reads a file all at once, and splits it into a list,
with each line in the file corresponding to an element in the list:
.CS
set fl [open /proc/meminfo]
set data [\fBread\fR $fl]
close $fl
set lines [split $data \\n]
.CE

.SH "SEE ALSO"
file(n), eof(n), fblocked(n), fconfigure(n), Tcl_StandardChannels(3)

.SH KEYWORDS
blocking, channel, end of line, end of file, nonblocking, read, translation, encoding
Commit	Line	Data
920dae64 AT	1	'\"
	2	'\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
	3	'\" Copyright (c) 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
	4	'\"
	5	'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
	6	'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
	7	'\"
	8	'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: read.n,v 1.7.8.1 2004/10/27 14:23:57 dkf Exp $
	9	'\"
	10	'\" The definitions below are for supplemental macros used in Tcl/Tk
	11	'\" manual entries.
	12	'\"
	13	'\" .AP type name in/out ?indent?
	14	'\" Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure.
	15	'\" type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out",
	16	'\" or "in/out" to describe whether procedure reads or modifies arg,
	17	'\" and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be
	18	'\" needed; use .AS below instead)
	19	'\"
	20	'\" .AS ?type? ?name?
	21	'\" Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops. Type and
	22	'\" name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed
	23	'\" to .AP later. If args are omitted, default tab stops are used.
	24	'\"
	25	'\" .BS
	26	'\" Start box enclosure. From here until next .BE, everything will be
	27	'\" enclosed in one large box.
	28	'\"
	29	'\" .BE
	30	'\" End of box enclosure.
	31	'\"
	32	'\" .CS
	33	'\" Begin code excerpt.
	34	'\"
	35	'\" .CE
	36	'\" End code excerpt.
	37	'\"
	38	'\" .VS ?version? ?br?
	39	'\" Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts
	40	'\" of man pages. The first argument is ignored and used for recording
	41	'\" the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be
	42	'\" found and removed when they reach a certain age. If another argument
	43	'\" is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar.
	44	'\"
	45	'\" .VE
	46	'\" End of vertical sidebar.
	47	'\"
	48	'\" .DS
	49	'\" Begin an indented unfilled display.
	50	'\"
	51	'\" .DE
	52	'\" End of indented unfilled display.
	53	'\"
	54	'\" .SO
	55	'\" Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget. The
	56	'\" options follow on successive lines, in four columns separated
	57	'\" by tabs.
	58	'\"
	59	'\" .SE
	60	'\" End of list of standard options for a Tk widget.
	61	'\"
	62	'\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass
	63	'\" Start of description of a specific option. cmdName gives the
	64	'\" option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives
65	'\" the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives
66	'\" the option's class in the option database.
67	'\"
68	'\" .UL arg1 arg2
69	'\" Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally.
70	'\"
71	'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: man.macros,v 1.4 2000/08/25 06:18:32 ericm Exp $
72	'\"
73	'\" # Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages.
74	.if t .wh -1.3i ^B
75	.nr ^l \n(.l
76	.ad b
77	'\" # Start an argument description
78	.de AP
79	.ie !"\\$4"" .TP \\$4
80	.el \{\
81	. ie !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu
82	. el .TP 15
83	.\}
84	.ta \\n()Au \\n()Bu
85	.ie !"\\$3"" \{\
86	\&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP (\\$3)
87	.\".b
88	.\}
89	.el \{\
90	.br
91	.ie !"\\$2"" \{\
92	\&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP
93	.\}
94	.el \{\
95	\&\\fI\\$1\\fP
96	.\}
97	.\}
98	..
99	'\" # define tabbing values for .AP
100	.de AS
101	.nr )A 10n
102	.if !"\\$1"" .nr )A \\w'\\$1'u+3n
103	.nr )B \\n()Au+15n
104	.\"
105	.if !"\\$2"" .nr )B \\w'\\$2'u+\\n()Au+3n
106	.nr )C \\n()Bu+\\w'(in/out)'u+2n
107	..
108	.AS Tcl_Interp Tcl_CreateInterp in/out
109	'\" # BS - start boxed text
110	'\" # ^y = starting y location
111	'\" # ^b = 1
112	.de BS
113	.br
114	.mk ^y
115	.nr ^b 1u
116	.if n .nf
117	.if n .ti 0
118	.if n \l'\\n(.lu\(ul'
119	.if n .fi
120	..
121	'\" # BE - end boxed text (draw box now)
122	.de BE
123	.nf
124	.ti 0
125	.mk ^t
126	.ie n \l'\\n(^lu\(ul'
127	.el \{\
128	.\" Draw four-sided box normally, but don't draw top of
129	.\" box if the box started on an earlier page.
130	.ie !\\n(^b-1 \{\
131	\h'-1.5n'\L'\|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'\|0u-1.5n\(ul'
132	.\}
133	.el \}\
134	\h'-1.5n'\L'\|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'\|0u-1.5n\(ul'
135	.\}
136	.\}
137	.fi
138	.br
139	.nr ^b 0
140	..
141	'\" # VS - start vertical sidebar
142	'\" # ^Y = starting y location
143	'\" # ^v = 1 (for troff; for nroff this doesn't matter)
144	.de VS
145	.if !"\\$2"" .br
146	.mk ^Y
147	.ie n 'mc \s12\(br\s0
148	.el .nr ^v 1u
149	..
150	'\" # VE - end of vertical sidebar
151	.de VE
152	.ie n 'mc
153	.el \{\
154	.ev 2
155	.nf
156	.ti 0
157	.mk ^t
158	\h'\|\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\|\\n(^Yu-1v\(bv'\v'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu'\h'-\|\\n(^lu+3n'
159	.sp -1
160	.fi
161	.ev
162	.\}
163	.nr ^v 0
164	..
165	'\" # Special macro to handle page bottom: finish off current
166	'\" # box/sidebar if in box/sidebar mode, then invoked standard
167	'\" # page bottom macro.
168	.de ^B
169	.ev 2
170	'ti 0
171	'nf
172	.mk ^t
173	.if \\n(^b \{\
174	.\" Draw three-sided box if this is the box's first page,
175	.\" draw two sides but no top otherwise.
176	.ie !\\n(^b-1 \h'-1.5n'\L'\|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'\|0u'\c
177	.el \h'-1.5n'\L'\|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'\|0u'\c
178	.\}
179	.if \\n(^v \{\
180	.nr ^x \\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu
181	\kx\h'-\\nxu'\h'\|\\n(^lu+3n'\ky\L'-\\n(^xu'\v'\\n(^xu'\h'\|0u'\c
182	.\}
183	.bp
184	'fi
185	.ev
186	.if \\n(^b \{\
187	.mk ^y
188	.nr ^b 2
189	.\}
190	.if \\n(^v \{\
191	.mk ^Y
192	.\}
193	..
194	'\" # DS - begin display
195	.de DS
196	.RS
197	.nf
198	.sp
199	..
200	'\" # DE - end display
201	.de DE
202	.fi
203	.RE
204	.sp
205	..
206	'\" # SO - start of list of standard options
207	.de SO
208	.SH "STANDARD OPTIONS"
209	.LP
210	.nf
211	.ta 5.5c 11c
212	.ft B
213	..
214	'\" # SE - end of list of standard options
215	.de SE
216	.fi
217	.ft R
218	.LP
219	See the \\fBoptions\\fR manual entry for details on the standard options.
220	..
221	'\" # OP - start of full description for a single option
222	.de OP
223	.LP
224	.nf
225	.ta 4c
226	Command-Line Name: \\fB\\$1\\fR
227	Database Name: \\fB\\$2\\fR
228	Database Class: \\fB\\$3\\fR
229	.fi
230	.IP
231	..
232	'\" # CS - begin code excerpt
233	.de CS
234	.RS
235	.nf
236	.ta .25i .5i .75i 1i
237	..
238	'\" # CE - end code excerpt
239	.de CE
240	.fi
241	.RE
242	..
243	.de UL
244	\\$1\l'\|0\(ul'\\$2
245	..
246	.TH read n 8.1 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands"
247	.BS
248	'\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
249	.SH NAME
250	read \- Read from a channel
251	.SH SYNOPSIS
252	\fBread \fR?\fB\-nonewline\fR? \fIchannelId\fR
253	.sp
254	\fBread \fIchannelId numChars\fR
255	.BE
256
257	.SH DESCRIPTION
258	.PP
259	In the first form, the \fBread\fR command reads all of the data from
260	\fIchannelId\fR up to the end of the file. If the \fB\-nonewline\fR
261	switch is specified then the last character of the file is discarded
262	if it is a newline. In the second form, the extra argument specifies
263	how many characters to read. Exactly that many characters will be
264	read and returned, unless there are fewer than \fInumChars\fR left in
265	the file; in this case all the remaining characters are returned. If
266	the channel is configured to use a multi-byte encoding, then the
267	number of characters read may not be the same as the number of bytes
268	read.
269	.PP
270	.VS
271	\fIChannelId\fR must be an identifier for an open channel such as the
272	Tcl standard input channel (\fBstdin\fR), the return value from an
273	invocation of \fBopen\fR or \fBsocket\fR, or the result of a channel
274	creation command provided by a Tcl extension. The channel must have
275	been opened for input.
276	.VE
277	.PP
278	If \fIchannelId\fR is in nonblocking mode, the command may not read as
279	many characters as requested: once all available input has been read,
280	the command will return the data that is available rather than
281	blocking for more input. If the channel is configured to use a
282	multi-byte encoding, then there may actually be some bytes remaining
283	in the internal buffers that do not form a complete character. These
284	bytes will not be returned until a complete character is available or
285	end-of-file is reached. The \fB\-nonewline\fR switch is ignored if
286	the command returns before reaching the end of the file.
287	.PP
288	\fBRead\fR translates end-of-line sequences in the input into
289	newline characters according to the \fB\-translation\fR option
290	for the channel.
291	See the \fBfconfigure\fR manual entry for a discussion on ways in
292	which \fBfconfigure\fR will alter input.
293
294	.SH "USE WITH SERIAL PORTS"
295	'\" Note: this advice actually applies to many versions of Tcl
296
297	For most applications a channel connected to a serial port should be
298	configured to be nonblocking: \fBfconfigure \fIchannelId \fB\-blocking
299	\fI0\fR. Then \fBread\fR behaves much like described above. Care
300	must be taken when using \fBread\fR on blocking serial ports:
301	.TP
302	\fBread \fIchannelId numChars\fR
303	In this form \fBread\fR blocks until \fInumChars\fR have been received
304	from the serial port.
305	.TP
306	\fBread \fIchannelId\fR
307	In this form \fBread\fR blocks until the reception of the end-of-file
308	character, see \fBfconfigure -eofchar\fR. If there no end-of-file
309	character has been configured for the channel, then \fBread\fR will
310	block forever.
311	.SH "EXAMPLE"
312	This example code reads a file all at once, and splits it into a list,
313	with each line in the file corresponding to an element in the list:
314	.CS
315	set fl [open /proc/meminfo]
316	set data [\fBread\fR $fl]
317	close $fl
318	set lines [split $data \\n]
319	.CE
320
321	.SH "SEE ALSO"
322	file(n), eof(n), fblocked(n), fconfigure(n), Tcl_StandardChannels(3)
323
324	.SH KEYWORDS
325	blocking, channel, end of line, end of file, nonblocking, read, translation, encoding