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<H2><A NAME="SECTION0081020000000000000000"></A><A NAME="datetime-timedelta"></A>
<BR>
6.10.2 <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> Objects 
</H2>

<P>
A <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object represents a duration, the difference
between two dates or times.

<P>
<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
  <td><nobr><b><span class="typelabel">class</span>&nbsp;<tt id='l2h-1863' xml:id='l2h-1863' class="class">timedelta</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
  <td><var></var><big>[</big><var>days</var><big>[</big><var>, seconds</var><big>[</big><var>,
                             microseconds</var><big>[</big><var>, milliseconds</var><big>[</big><var>,
                             minutes</var><big>[</big><var>, hours</var><big>[</big><var>, weeks</var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
<dd>
  All arguments are optional and default to <code>0</code>.  Arguments may
  be ints, longs, or floats, and may be positive or negative.

<P>
Only <var>days</var>, <var>seconds</var> and <var>microseconds</var> are stored
  internally.  Arguments are converted to those units:

<P>

<UL>
<LI>A millisecond is converted to 1000 microseconds.
</LI>
<LI>A minute is converted to 60 seconds.
</LI>
<LI>An hour is converted to 3600 seconds.
</LI>
<LI>A week is converted to 7 days.
</LI>
</UL>

<P>
and days, seconds and microseconds are then normalized so that the
  representation is unique, with

<P>

<UL>
<LI><code>0 &lt;= <var>microseconds</var> &lt; 1000000</code>
</LI>
<LI><code>0 &lt;= <var>seconds</var> &lt; 3600*24</code> (the number of seconds in one day)
</LI>
<LI><code>-999999999 &lt;= <var>days</var> &lt;= 999999999</code>
</LI>
</UL>

<P>
If any argument is a float and there are fractional microseconds,
  the fractional microseconds left over from all arguments are combined
  and their sum is rounded to the nearest microsecond.  If no
  argument is a float, the conversion and normalization processes
  are exact (no information is lost).

<P>
If the normalized value of days lies outside the indicated range,
  <tt class="exception">OverflowError</tt> is raised.

<P>
Note that normalization of negative values may be surprising at first.
  For example,

<P>
<div class="verbatim"><pre>
&gt;&gt;&gt; d = timedelta(microseconds=-1)
&gt;&gt;&gt; (d.days, d.seconds, d.microseconds)
(-1, 86399, 999999)
</pre></div>
</dl>

<P>
Class attributes are:

<P>
<dl><dt><b><tt id='l2h-1864' xml:id='l2h-1864' class="member">min</tt></b></dt>
<dd>
  The most negative <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object,
  <code>timedelta(-999999999)</code>.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><tt id='l2h-1865' xml:id='l2h-1865' class="member">max</tt></b></dt>
<dd>
  The most positive <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object,
  <code>timedelta(days=999999999, hours=23, minutes=59, seconds=59,
                  microseconds=999999)</code>.
</dl>

<P>
<dl><dt><b><tt id='l2h-1866' xml:id='l2h-1866' class="member">resolution</tt></b></dt>
<dd>
  The smallest possible difference between non-equal
  <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> objects, <code>timedelta(microseconds=1)</code>.
</dl>

<P>
Note that, because of normalization, <code>timedelta.max</code> &gt;
<code>-timedelta.min</code>.  <code>-timedelta.max</code> is not representable as
a <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object.

<P>
Instance attributes (read-only):

<P>
<div class="center"><table class="realtable">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th class="center">Attribute</th>
      <th class="left"  >Value</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>days</code></td>
        <td class="left"  >Between -999999999 and 999999999 inclusive</td></tr>
    <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>seconds</code></td>
        <td class="left"  >Between 0 and 86399 inclusive</td></tr>
    <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>microseconds</code></td>
        <td class="left"  >Between 0 and 999999 inclusive</td></tr></tbody>
</table></div>

<P>
Supported operations:

<P>
<div class="center"><table class="realtable">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th class="center">Operation</th>
      <th class="left"  >Result</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>t1</var> = <var>t2</var> + <var>t3</var></code></td>
        <td class="left"  >Sum of <var>t2</var> and <var>t3</var>.
           Afterwards <var>t1</var>-<var>t2</var> == <var>t3</var> and <var>t1</var>-<var>t3</var>
           == <var>t2</var> are true.
          (1)</td></tr>
    <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>t1</var> = <var>t2</var> - <var>t3</var></code></td>
        <td class="left"  >Difference of <var>t2</var> and <var>t3</var>.
           Afterwards <var>t1</var> == <var>t2</var> - <var>t3</var> and
           <var>t2</var> == <var>t1</var> + <var>t3</var> are true.
          (1)</td></tr>
    <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>t1</var> = <var>t2</var> * <var>i</var> or <var>t1</var> = <var>i</var> * <var>t2</var></code></td>
        <td class="left"  >Delta multiplied by an integer or long.
           Afterwards <var>t1</var> // i == <var>t2</var> is true,
           provided <code>i != 0</code>.</td></tr>
    <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code></code></td>
        <td class="left"  >In general, <var>t1</var> * i == <var>t1</var> * (i-1) + <var>t1</var> is true.
          (1)</td></tr>
    <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>t1</var> = <var>t2</var> // <var>i</var></code></td>
        <td class="left"  >The floor is computed and the remainder (if any) is thrown away.
          (3)</td></tr>
    <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>+<var>t1</var></code></td>
        <td class="left"  >Returns a <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object with the same value.
          (2)</td></tr>
    <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>-<var>t1</var></code></td>
        <td class="left"  >equivalent to <tt class="class">timedelta</tt>(-<var>t1.days</var>, -<var>t1.seconds</var>,
           -<var>t1.microseconds</var>), and to <var>t1</var>* -1.
          (1)(4)</td></tr>
    <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>abs(<var>t</var>)</code></td>
        <td class="left"  >equivalent to +<var>t</var> when <code>t.days &gt;= 0</code>, and to
           -<var>t</var> when <code>t.days &lt; 0</code>.
          (2)</td></tr></tbody>
</table></div>

Notes:

<P>
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>(1)</STRONG></DT>
<DD>This is exact, but may overflow.

<P>
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>(2)</STRONG></DT>
<DD>This is exact, and cannot overflow.

<P>
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>(3)</STRONG></DT>
<DD>Division by 0 raises <tt class="exception">ZeroDivisionError</tt>.

<P>
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>(4)</STRONG></DT>
<DD>-<var>timedelta.max</var> is not representable as a <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object.
</DD>
</DL>

<P>
In addition to the operations listed above <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> objects
support certain additions and subtractions with <tt class="class">date</tt> and
<tt class="class">datetime</tt> objects (see below).

<P>
Comparisons of <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> objects are supported with the
<tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object representing the smaller duration considered
to be the smaller timedelta.
In order to stop mixed-type comparisons from falling back to the
default comparison by object address, when a <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object is
compared to an object of a different type, <tt class="exception">TypeError</tt> is
raised unless the comparison is <code>==</code> or <code>!=</code>.  The latter
cases return <tt class="constant">False</tt> or <tt class="constant">True</tt>, respectively.

<P>
<tt class="class">timedelta</tt> objects are hashable (usable as dictionary keys),
support efficient pickling, and in Boolean contexts, a <tt class="class">timedelta</tt>
object is considered to be true if and only if it isn't equal to
<code>timedelta(0)</code>.

<P>

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	54
	55	<H2><A NAME="SECTION0081020000000000000000"></A><A NAME="datetime-timedelta"></A>
	56	<BR>
	57	6.10.2 <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> Objects
	58	</H2>
	59
	60	<P>
	61	A <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object represents a duration, the difference
	62	between two dates or times.
	63
	64	<P>
65	<dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline">
66	<td><nobr><b><span class="typelabel">class</span> <tt id='l2h-1863' xml:id='l2h-1863' class="class">timedelta</tt></b>(</nobr></td>
67	<td><var></var><big>[</big><var>days</var><big>[</big><var>, seconds</var><big>[</big><var>,
68	microseconds</var><big>[</big><var>, milliseconds</var><big>[</big><var>,
69	minutes</var><big>[</big><var>, hours</var><big>[</big><var>, weeks</var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt>
70	<dd>
71	All arguments are optional and default to <code>0</code>. Arguments may
72	be ints, longs, or floats, and may be positive or negative.
73
74	<P>
75	Only <var>days</var>, <var>seconds</var> and <var>microseconds</var> are stored
76	internally. Arguments are converted to those units:
77
78	<P>
79
80	<UL>
81	<LI>A millisecond is converted to 1000 microseconds.
82	</LI>
83	<LI>A minute is converted to 60 seconds.
84	</LI>
85	<LI>An hour is converted to 3600 seconds.
86	</LI>
87	<LI>A week is converted to 7 days.
88	</LI>
89	</UL>
90
91	<P>
92	and days, seconds and microseconds are then normalized so that the
93	representation is unique, with
94
95	<P>
96
97	<UL>
98	<LI><code>0 <= <var>microseconds</var> < 1000000</code>
99	</LI>
100	<LI><code>0 <= <var>seconds</var> < 3600*24</code> (the number of seconds in one day)
101	</LI>
102	<LI><code>-999999999 <= <var>days</var> <= 999999999</code>
103	</LI>
104	</UL>
105
106	<P>
107	If any argument is a float and there are fractional microseconds,
108	the fractional microseconds left over from all arguments are combined
109	and their sum is rounded to the nearest microsecond. If no
110	argument is a float, the conversion and normalization processes
111	are exact (no information is lost).
112
113	<P>
114	If the normalized value of days lies outside the indicated range,
115	<tt class="exception">OverflowError</tt> is raised.
116
117	<P>
118	Note that normalization of negative values may be surprising at first.
119	For example,
120
121	<P>
122	<div class="verbatim"><pre>
123	>>> d = timedelta(microseconds=-1)
124	>>> (d.days, d.seconds, d.microseconds)
125	(-1, 86399, 999999)
126	</pre></div>
127	</dl>
128
129	<P>
130	Class attributes are:
131
132	<P>
133	<dl><dt><b><tt id='l2h-1864' xml:id='l2h-1864' class="member">min</tt></b></dt>
134	<dd>
135	The most negative <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object,
136	<code>timedelta(-999999999)</code>.
137	</dl>
138
139	<P>
140	<dl><dt><b><tt id='l2h-1865' xml:id='l2h-1865' class="member">max</tt></b></dt>
141	<dd>
142	The most positive <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object,
143	<code>timedelta(days=999999999, hours=23, minutes=59, seconds=59,
144	microseconds=999999)</code>.
145	</dl>
146
147	<P>
148	<dl><dt><b><tt id='l2h-1866' xml:id='l2h-1866' class="member">resolution</tt></b></dt>
149	<dd>
150	The smallest possible difference between non-equal
151	<tt class="class">timedelta</tt> objects, <code>timedelta(microseconds=1)</code>.
152	</dl>
153
154	<P>
155	Note that, because of normalization, <code>timedelta.max</code> >
156	<code>-timedelta.min</code>. <code>-timedelta.max</code> is not representable as
157	a <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object.
158
159	<P>
160	Instance attributes (read-only):
161
162	<P>
163	<div class="center"><table class="realtable">
164	<thead>
165	<tr>
166	<th class="center">Attribute</th>
167	<th class="left" >Value</th>
168	</tr>
169	</thead>
170	<tbody>
171	<tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>days</code></td>
172	<td class="left" >Between -999999999 and 999999999 inclusive</td></tr>
173	<tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>seconds</code></td>
174	<td class="left" >Between 0 and 86399 inclusive</td></tr>
175	<tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>microseconds</code></td>
176	<td class="left" >Between 0 and 999999 inclusive</td></tr></tbody>
177	</table></div>
178
179	<P>
180	Supported operations:
181
182	<P>
183	<div class="center"><table class="realtable">
184	<thead>
185	<tr>
186	<th class="center">Operation</th>
187	<th class="left" >Result</th>
188	</tr>
189	</thead>
190	<tbody>
191	<tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>t1</var> = <var>t2</var> + <var>t3</var></code></td>
192	<td class="left" >Sum of <var>t2</var> and <var>t3</var>.
193	Afterwards <var>t1</var>-<var>t2</var> == <var>t3</var> and <var>t1</var>-<var>t3</var>
194	== <var>t2</var> are true.
195	(1)</td></tr>
196	<tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>t1</var> = <var>t2</var> - <var>t3</var></code></td>
197	<td class="left" >Difference of <var>t2</var> and <var>t3</var>.
198	Afterwards <var>t1</var> == <var>t2</var> - <var>t3</var> and
199	<var>t2</var> == <var>t1</var> + <var>t3</var> are true.
200	(1)</td></tr>
201	<tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>t1</var> = <var>t2</var> * <var>i</var> or <var>t1</var> = <var>i</var> * <var>t2</var></code></td>
202	<td class="left" >Delta multiplied by an integer or long.
203	Afterwards <var>t1</var> // i == <var>t2</var> is true,
204	provided <code>i != 0</code>.</td></tr>
205	<tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code></code></td>
206	<td class="left" >In general, <var>t1</var> * i == <var>t1</var> * (i-1) + <var>t1</var> is true.
207	(1)</td></tr>
208	<tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>t1</var> = <var>t2</var> // <var>i</var></code></td>
209	<td class="left" >The floor is computed and the remainder (if any) is thrown away.
210	(3)</td></tr>
211	<tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>+<var>t1</var></code></td>
212	<td class="left" >Returns a <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object with the same value.
213	(2)</td></tr>
214	<tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>-<var>t1</var></code></td>
215	<td class="left" >equivalent to <tt class="class">timedelta</tt>(-<var>t1.days</var>, -<var>t1.seconds</var>,
216	-<var>t1.microseconds</var>), and to <var>t1</var>* -1.
217	(1)(4)</td></tr>
218	<tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>abs(<var>t</var>)</code></td>
219	<td class="left" >equivalent to +<var>t</var> when <code>t.days >= 0</code>, and to
220	-<var>t</var> when <code>t.days < 0</code>.
221	(2)</td></tr></tbody>
222	</table></div>
223
224	Notes:
225
226	<P>
227	<DL>
228	<DT><STRONG>(1)</STRONG></DT>
229	<DD>This is exact, but may overflow.
230
231	<P>
232	</DD>
233	<DT><STRONG>(2)</STRONG></DT>
234	<DD>This is exact, and cannot overflow.
235
236	<P>
237	</DD>
238	<DT><STRONG>(3)</STRONG></DT>
239	<DD>Division by 0 raises <tt class="exception">ZeroDivisionError</tt>.
240
241	<P>
242	</DD>
243	<DT><STRONG>(4)</STRONG></DT>
244	<DD>-<var>timedelta.max</var> is not representable as a <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object.
245	</DD>
246	</DL>
247
248	<P>
249	In addition to the operations listed above <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> objects
250	support certain additions and subtractions with <tt class="class">date</tt> and
251	<tt class="class">datetime</tt> objects (see below).
252
253	<P>
254	Comparisons of <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> objects are supported with the
255	<tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object representing the smaller duration considered
256	to be the smaller timedelta.
257	In order to stop mixed-type comparisons from falling back to the
258	default comparison by object address, when a <tt class="class">timedelta</tt> object is
259	compared to an object of a different type, <tt class="exception">TypeError</tt> is
260	raised unless the comparison is <code>==</code> or <code>!=</code>. The latter
261	cases return <tt class="constant">False</tt> or <tt class="constant">True</tt>, respectively.
262
263	<P>
264	<tt class="class">timedelta</tt> objects are hashable (usable as dictionary keys),
265	support efficient pickling, and in Boolean contexts, a <tt class="class">timedelta</tt>
266	object is considered to be true if and only if it isn't equal to
267	<code>timedelta(0)</code>.
268
269	<P>
270
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