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| 17 | <title>7.10 anydbm -- Generic access to DBM-style databases</title> | |
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| 54 | ||
| 55 | <H1><A NAME="SECTION0091000000000000000000"> | |
| 56 | 7.10 <tt class="module">anydbm</tt> -- | |
| 57 | Generic access to DBM-style databases</A> | |
| 58 | </H1> | |
| 59 | ||
| 60 | <P> | |
| 61 | <A NAME="module-anydbm"></A> | |
| 62 | ||
| 63 | <P> | |
| 64 | <tt class="module">anydbm</tt> is a generic interface to variants of the DBM | |
| 65 | database -- <tt class="module"><a href="module-dbhash.html">dbhash</a></tt><a id='l2h-2780' xml:id='l2h-2780'></a> (requires | |
| 66 | <tt class="module"><a href="module-bsddb.html">bsddb</a></tt><a id='l2h-2781' xml:id='l2h-2781'></a>), | |
| 67 | <tt class="module"><a href="module-gdbm.html">gdbm</a></tt><a id='l2h-2782' xml:id='l2h-2782'></a>, or | |
| 68 | <tt class="module"><a href="module-dbm.html">dbm</a></tt><a id='l2h-2783' xml:id='l2h-2783'></a>. If none of these modules is | |
| 69 | installed, the slow-but-simple implementation in module | |
| 70 | <tt class="module"><a href="module-dumbdbm.html">dumbdbm</a></tt><a id='l2h-2784' xml:id='l2h-2784'></a> will be used. | |
| 71 | ||
| 72 | <P> | |
| 73 | <dl><dt><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="baseline"> | |
| 74 | <td><nobr><b><tt id='l2h-2778' xml:id='l2h-2778' class="function">open</tt></b>(</nobr></td> | |
| 75 | <td><var>filename</var><big>[</big><var>, flag</var><big>[</big><var>, mode</var><big>]</big><var></var><big>]</big><var></var>)</td></tr></table></dt> | |
| 76 | <dd> | |
| 77 | Open the database file <var>filename</var> and return a corresponding object. | |
| 78 | ||
| 79 | <P> | |
| 80 | If the database file already exists, the <tt class="module"><a href="module-whichdb.html">whichdb</a></tt> module is | |
| 81 | used to determine its type and the appropriate module is used; if it | |
| 82 | does not exist, the first module listed above that can be imported is | |
| 83 | used. | |
| 84 | ||
| 85 | <P> | |
| 86 | The optional <var>flag</var> argument can be | |
| 87 | <code>'r'</code> to open an existing database for reading only, | |
| 88 | <code>'w'</code> to open an existing database for reading and writing, | |
| 89 | <code>'c'</code> to create the database if it doesn't exist, or | |
| 90 | <code>'n'</code>, which will always create a new empty database. If not | |
| 91 | specified, the default value is <code>'r'</code>. | |
| 92 | ||
| 93 | <P> | |
| 94 | The optional <var>mode</var> argument is the <span class="Unix">Unix</span> mode of the file, used | |
| 95 | only when the database has to be created. It defaults to octal | |
| 96 | <code>0666</code> (and will be modified by the prevailing umask). | |
| 97 | </dl> | |
| 98 | ||
| 99 | <P> | |
| 100 | <dl><dt><b><span class="typelabel">exception</span> <tt id='l2h-2779' xml:id='l2h-2779' class="exception">error</tt></b></dt> | |
| 101 | <dd> | |
| 102 | A tuple containing the exceptions that can be raised by each of the | |
| 103 | supported modules, with a unique exception <tt class="exception">anydbm.error</tt> as | |
| 104 | the first item -- the latter is used when <tt class="exception">anydbm.error</tt> is | |
| 105 | raised. | |
| 106 | </dd></dl> | |
| 107 | ||
| 108 | <P> | |
| 109 | The object returned by <tt class="function">open()</tt> supports most of the same | |
| 110 | functionality as dictionaries; keys and their corresponding values can | |
| 111 | be stored, retrieved, and deleted, and the <tt class="method">has_key()</tt> and | |
| 112 | <tt class="method">keys()</tt> methods are available. Keys and values must always be | |
| 113 | strings. | |
| 114 | ||
| 115 | <P> | |
| 116 | <div class="seealso"> | |
| 117 | <p class="heading">See Also:</p> | |
| 118 | ||
| 119 | <dl compact="compact" class="seemodule"> | |
| 120 | <dt>Module <b><tt class="module"><a href="module-dbhash.html">dbhash</a></tt>:</b> | |
| 121 | <dd>BSD <code>db</code> database interface. | |
| 122 | </dl> | |
| 123 | <dl compact="compact" class="seemodule"> | |
| 124 | <dt>Module <b><tt class="module"><a href="module-dbm.html">dbm</a></tt>:</b> | |
| 125 | <dd>Standard <span class="Unix">Unix</span> database interface. | |
| 126 | </dl> | |
| 127 | <dl compact="compact" class="seemodule"> | |
| 128 | <dt>Module <b><tt class="module"><a href="module-dumbdbm.html">dumbdbm</a></tt>:</b> | |
| 129 | <dd>Portable implementation of the <code>dbm</code> interface. | |
| 130 | </dl> | |
| 131 | <dl compact="compact" class="seemodule"> | |
| 132 | <dt>Module <b><tt class="module"><a href="module-gdbm.html">gdbm</a></tt>:</b> | |
| 133 | <dd>GNU database interface, based on the <code>dbm</code> interface. | |
| 134 | </dl> | |
| 135 | <dl compact="compact" class="seemodule"> | |
| 136 | <dt>Module <b><tt class="module"><a href="module-shelve.html">shelve</a></tt>:</b> | |
| 137 | <dd>General object persistence built on top of | |
| 138 | the Python <code>dbm</code> interface. | |
| 139 | </dl> | |
| 140 | <dl compact="compact" class="seemodule"> | |
| 141 | <dt>Module <b><tt class="module"><a href="module-whichdb.html">whichdb</a></tt>:</b> | |
| 142 | <dd>Utility module used to determine the type of an | |
| 143 | existing database. | |
| 144 | </dl> | |
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| 181 | <span class="release-info">Release 2.4.2, documentation updated on 28 September 2005.</span> | |
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