our @EXPORT_OK = qw(lock_keys unlock_keys lock_value unlock_value
lock_hash unlock_hash hash_seed
Hash::Util - A selection of general-utility hash subroutines
use Hash::Util qw(lock_keys unlock_keys
%hash = (foo => 42, bar => 23);
lock_keys(%hash, @keyset);
lock_value (%hash, 'foo');
unlock_value(%hash, 'foo');
my $hashes_are_randomised = hash_seed() != 0;
C<Hash::Util> contains special functions for manipulating hashes that
don't really warrant a keyword.
By default C<Hash::Util> does not export anything.
5.8.0 introduces the ability to restrict a hash to a certain set of
keys. No keys outside of this set can be added. It also introduces
the ability to lock an individual key so it cannot be deleted and the
This is intended to largely replace the deprecated pseudo-hashes.
Restricts the given %hash's set of keys to @keys. If @keys is not
given it restricts it to its current keyset. No more keys can be
added. delete() and exists() will still work, but will not alter
the set of allowed keys. B<Note>: the current implementation prevents
the hash from being bless()ed while it is in a locked state. Any attempt
to do so will raise an exception. Of course you can still bless()
the hash before you call lock_keys() so this shouldn't be a problem.
Removes the restriction on the %hash's keyset.
Internals
::hv_clear_placeholders
%$hash;
my %keys = map { ($_ => 1) } @keys;
my %original_keys = map { ($_ => 1) } keys %$hash;
foreach my $k (keys %original_keys) {
die sprintf "Hash has key '$k' which is not in the new key ".
"set at %s line %d\n", (caller)[1,2]
$hash->{$k} = undef unless exists $hash->{$k};
Internals
::SvREADONLY
%$hash, 1;
delete $hash->{$k} unless $original_keys{$k};
Internals
::SvREADONLY
%$hash, 1;
Internals
::SvREADONLY
%$hash, 0;
lock_value (%hash, $key);
unlock_value(%hash, $key);
Locks and unlocks an individual key of a hash. The value of a locked
%hash must have already been locked for this to have useful effect.
carp
"Cannot usefully lock values in an unlocked hash"
unless Internals
::SvREADONLY
%$hash;
Internals
::SvREADONLY
$hash->{$key}, 1;
Internals
::SvREADONLY
$hash->{$key}, 0;
lock_hash() locks an entire hash, making all keys and values readonly.
No value can be changed, no keys can be added or deleted.
unlock_hash() does the opposite of lock_hash(). All keys and values
are made read/write. All values can be changed and keys can be added
foreach my $key (keys %$hash) {
lock_value
(%$hash, $key);
foreach my $key (keys %$hash) {
unlock_value
(%$hash, $key);
my $hash_seed = hash_seed();
hash_seed() returns the seed number used to randomise hash ordering.
Zero means the "traditional" random hash ordering, non-zero means the
new even more random hash ordering introduced in Perl 5.8.1.
B<Note that the hash seed is sensitive information>: by knowing it one
can craft a denial-of-service attack against Perl code, even remotely,
see L<perlsec/"Algorithmic Complexity Attacks"> for more information.
B<Do not disclose the hash seed> to people who don't need to know it.
See also L<perlrun/PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG>.
Internals
::rehash_seed
();
Note that the trapping of the restricted operations is not atomic:
eval { %hash = (illegal_key => 1) }
leaves the C<%hash> empty rather than with its original contents.
Michael G Schwern <schwern@pobox.com> on top of code by Nick
Ing-Simmons and Jeffrey Friedl.
L<Scalar::Util>, L<List::Util>, L<Hash::Util>,
and L<perlsec/"Algorithmic Complexity Attacks">.