.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man v1.37, Pod::Parser v1.32
.\" ========================================================================
.de Sh \" Subsection heading
.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP)
.de Vb \" Begin verbatim text
.de Ve \" End verbatim text
.\" Set up some character translations and predefined strings. \*(-- will
.\" give an unbreakable dash, \*(PI will give pi, \*(L" will give a left
.\" double quote, and \*(R" will give a right double quote. | will give a
.\" real vertical bar. \*(C+ will give a nicer C++. Capital omega is used to
.\" do unbreakable dashes and therefore won't be available. \*(C` and \*(C'
.\" expand to `' in nroff, nothing in troff, for use with C<>.
.ds C+ C\v'-.1v'\h'-1p'\s-2+\h'-1p'+\s0\v'.1v'\h'-1p'
. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=24u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-12u'-\" diablo 10 pitch
. if (\n(.H=4u)&(1m=20u) .ds -- \(*W\h'-12u'\(*W\h'-8u'-\" diablo 12 pitch
.\" If the F register is turned on, we'll generate index entries on stderr for
.\" titles (.TH), headers (.SH), subsections (.Sh), items (.Ip), and index
.\" entries marked with X<> in POD. Of course, you'll have to process the
.\" output yourself in some meaningful fashion.
. tm Index:\\$1\t\\n%\t"\\$2"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.\" Accent mark definitions (@(#)ms.acc 1.5 88/02/08 SMI; from UCB 4.2).
.\" Fear. Run. Save yourself. No user-serviceable parts.
. \" fudge factors for nroff and troff
. ds #H ((1u-(\\\\n(.fu%2u))*.13m)
. \" simple accents for nroff and troff
. ds ' \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\'\h"|\\n:u"
. ds ` \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\`\h'|\\n:u'
. ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'^\h'|\\n:u'
. ds , \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10)',\h'|\\n:u'
. ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu-\*(#H-.1m)'~\h'|\\n:u'
. ds / \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H)'\z\(sl\h'|\\n:u'
. \" troff and (daisy-wheel) nroff accents
.ds : \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*8/10-\*(#H+.1m+\*(#F)'\v'-\*(#V'\z.\h'.2m+\*(#F'.\h'|\\n:u'\v'\*(#V'
.ds 8 \h'\*(#H'\(*b\h'-\*(#H'
.ds o \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu+\w'\(de'u-\*(#H)/2u'\v'-.3n'\*(#[\z\(de\v'.3n'\h'|\\n:u'\*(#]
.ds d- \h'\*(#H'\(pd\h'-\w'~'u'\v'-.25m'\f2\(hy\fP\v'.25m'\h'-\*(#H'
.ds D- D\\k:\h'-\w'D'u'\v'-.11m'\z\(hy\v'.11m'\h'|\\n:u'
.ds th \*(#[\v'.3m'\s+1I\s-1\v'-.3m'\h'-(\w'I'u*2/3)'\s-1o\s+1\*(#]
.ds Th \*(#[\s+2I\s-2\h'-\w'I'u*3/5'\v'-.3m'o\v'.3m'\*(#]
.ds ae a\h'-(\w'a'u*4/10)'e
.ds Ae A\h'-(\w'A'u*4/10)'E
. \" corrections for vroff
.if v .ds ~ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*9/10-\*(#H)'\s-2\u~\d\s+2\h'|\\n:u'
.if v .ds ^ \\k:\h'-(\\n(.wu*10/11-\*(#H)'\v'-.4m'^\v'.4m'\h'|\\n:u'
. \" for low resolution devices (crt and lpr)
.if \n(.H>23 .if \n(.V>19 \
.\" ========================================================================
.IX Title "ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial 3"
.TH ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial 3 "2001-09-21" "perl v5.8.8" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
ExtUtils::MakeMaker::Tutorial \- Writing a module with MakeMaker
\& use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
\& NAME => 'Your::Module',
\& VERSION_FROM => 'lib/Your/Module.pm'
This is a short tutorial on writing a simple module with MakeMaker.
Its really not that hard.
.IX Subsection "The Mantra"
MakeMaker modules are installed using this simple mantra
There are lots more commands and options, but the above will do it.
.IX Subsection "The Layout"
The basic files in a module look something like this.
That's all that's strictly necessary. There's additional files you might
\& lib/Your/Other/Module.pm
When you run Makefile.PL, it makes a Makefile. That's the whole point of
MakeMaker. The Makefile.PL is a simple program which loads
ExtUtils::MakeMaker and runs the \fIWriteMakefile()\fR function to generate a
Here's an example of what you need for a simple module:
\& use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
\& NAME => 'Your::Module',
\& VERSION_FROM => 'lib/Your/Module.pm'
\&\s-1NAME\s0 is the top-level namespace of your module. \s-1VERSION_FROM\s0 is the file
which contains the \f(CW$VERSION\fR variable for the entire distribution. Typically
this is the same as your top-level module.
A simple listing of all the files in your distribution.
File paths in a \s-1MANIFEST\s0 always use Unix conventions (ie. /) even if you're
You can write this by hand or generate it with 'make manifest'.
See ExtUtils::Manifest for more details.
This is the directory where your .pm and .pod files you wish to have
installed go. They are layed out according to namespace. So Foo::Bar
Tests for your modules go here. Each test filename ends with a .t.
So \fIt/foo.t\fR/ 'make test' will run these tests. The directory is flat,
you cannot, for example, have t/foo/bar.t run by 'make test'.
Tests are run from the top level of your distribution. So inside a test
you would refer to ./lib to enter the lib directory, for example.
A log of changes you've made to this module. The layout is free\-form.
\& 1.01 Fri Apr 11 00:21:25 PDT 2003
\& - thing() does some stuff now
\& - fixed the wiggy bug in withit()
\& 1.00 Mon Apr 7 00:57:15 PDT 2003
\& - "Rain of Frogs" now supported
A short description of your module, what it does, why someone would use it
and its limitations. \s-1CPAN\s0 automatically pulls your \s-1README\s0 file out of
the archive and makes it available to \s-1CPAN\s0 users, it is the first thing
they will read to decide if your module is right for them.
Instructions on how to install your module along with any dependencies.
Suggested information to include here:
\& any extra modules required for use
\& the minimum version of Perl required
\& if only works on certain operating systems
.IP "\s-1MANIFEST\s0.SKIP" 4
A file full of regular expressions to exclude when using 'make
manifest' to generate the \s-1MANIFEST\s0. These regular expressions
are checked against each file path found in the distribution (so
you're matching against \*(L"t/foo.t\*(R" not \*(L"foo.t\*(R").
\& ~$ # ignore emacs and vim backup files
\& .bak$ # ignore manual backups
\& \e# # ignore CVS old revision files and emacs temp files
Since # can be used for comments, # must be escaped.
MakeMaker comes with a default \s-1MANIFEST\s0.SKIP to avoid things like
version control directories and backup files. Specifying your own
will override this default.
perlmodstyle gives stylistic help writing a module.
perlnewmod gives more information about how to write a module.
There are modules to help you through the process of writing a module:
ExtUtils::ModuleMaker, Module::Install, \s-1PAR\s0