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| 54 | <H1><A NAME="SECTION0071400000000000000000"></A><A NAME="summary"></A> |
| 55 | <BR> |
| 56 | 5.14 Summary |
| 57 | </H1> |
| 58 | |
| 59 | <P> |
| 60 | The following table summarizes the operator |
| 61 | precedences<a id='l2h-450' xml:id='l2h-450'></a> in Python, from lowest |
| 62 | precedence (least binding) to highest precedence (most binding). |
| 63 | Operators in the same box have the same precedence. Unless the syntax |
| 64 | is explicitly given, operators are binary. Operators in the same box |
| 65 | group left to right (except for comparisons, including tests, which all |
| 66 | have the same precedence and chain from left to right -- see section |
| 67 | <A href="comparisons.html#comparisons">5.9</A> - and exponentiation, which groups from right to left). |
| 68 | |
| 69 | <P> |
| 70 | <div class="center"><table class="realtable"> |
| 71 | <thead> |
| 72 | <tr> |
| 73 | <th class="center">Operator</th> |
| 74 | <th class="left" >Description</th> |
| 75 | </tr> |
| 76 | </thead> |
| 77 | <tbody> |
| 78 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><tt class="keyword">lambda</tt></td> |
| 79 | <td class="left" >Lambda expression</td></tr> |
| 80 | |
| 81 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><tt class="keyword">or</tt></td> |
| 82 | <td class="left" >Boolean OR</td></tr> |
| 83 | |
| 84 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><tt class="keyword">and</tt></td> |
| 85 | <td class="left" >Boolean AND</td></tr> |
| 86 | |
| 87 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><tt class="keyword">not</tt> <var>x</var></td> |
| 88 | <td class="left" >Boolean NOT</td></tr> |
| 89 | |
| 90 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><tt class="keyword">in</tt>, <tt class="keyword">not</tt> <tt class="keyword">in</tt></td> |
| 91 | <td class="left" >Membership tests</td></tr> |
| 92 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><tt class="keyword">is</tt>, <tt class="keyword">is not</tt></td> |
| 93 | <td class="left" >Identity tests</td></tr> |
| 94 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><</code>, <code><=</code>, <code>></code>, <code>>=</code>, |
| 95 | <code><></code>, <code>!=</code>, <code>==</code></td> |
| 96 | <td class="left" >Comparisons</td></tr> |
| 97 | |
| 98 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>|</code></td> |
| 99 | <td class="left" >Bitwise OR</td></tr> |
| 100 | |
| 101 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>^</code></td> |
| 102 | <td class="left" >Bitwise XOR</td></tr> |
| 103 | |
| 104 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>&</code></td> |
| 105 | <td class="left" >Bitwise AND</td></tr> |
| 106 | |
| 107 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><</code><code><</code>, <code>></code><code>></code></td> |
| 108 | <td class="left" >Shifts</td></tr> |
| 109 | |
| 110 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>+</code>, <code>-</code></td> |
| 111 | <td class="left" >Addition and subtraction</td></tr> |
| 112 | |
| 113 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>*</code>, <code>/</code>, <code>%</code></td> |
| 114 | <td class="left" >Multiplication, division, remainder</td></tr> |
| 115 | |
| 116 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>+<var>x</var></code>, <code>-<var>x</var></code></td> |
| 117 | <td class="left" >Positive, negative</td></tr> |
| 118 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>~<var>x</var></code></td> |
| 119 | <td class="left" >Bitwise not</td></tr> |
| 120 | |
| 121 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>**</code></td> |
| 122 | <td class="left" >Exponentiation</td></tr> |
| 123 | |
| 124 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>x</var>.<var>attribute</var></code></td> |
| 125 | <td class="left" >Attribute reference</td></tr> |
| 126 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>x</var>[<var>index</var>]</code></td> |
| 127 | <td class="left" >Subscription</td></tr> |
| 128 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>x</var>[<var>index</var>:<var>index</var>]</code></td> |
| 129 | <td class="left" >Slicing</td></tr> |
| 130 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code><var>f</var>(<var>arguments</var>...)</code></td> |
| 131 | <td class="left" >Function call</td></tr> |
| 132 | |
| 133 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>(<var>expressions</var>...)</code></td> |
| 134 | <td class="left" >Binding or tuple display</td></tr> |
| 135 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>[<var>expressions</var>...]</code></td> |
| 136 | <td class="left" >List display</td></tr> |
| 137 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>{<var>key</var>:<var>datum</var>...}</code></td> |
| 138 | <td class="left" >Dictionary display</td></tr> |
| 139 | <tr><td class="center" valign="baseline"><code>`<var>expressions</var>...`</code></td> |
| 140 | <td class="left" >String conversion</td></tr></tbody> |
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