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| 128 | .rm #[ #] #H #V #F C |
| 129 | .\" ======================================================================== |
| 130 | .\" |
| 131 | .IX Title "Net::SMTP 3" |
| 132 | .TH Net::SMTP 3 "2001-09-21" "perl v5.8.8" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide" |
| 133 | .SH "NAME" |
| 134 | Net::SMTP \- Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Client |
| 135 | .SH "SYNOPSIS" |
| 136 | .IX Header "SYNOPSIS" |
| 137 | .Vb 1 |
| 138 | \& use Net::SMTP; |
| 139 | .Ve |
| 140 | .PP |
| 141 | .Vb 3 |
| 142 | \& # Constructors |
| 143 | \& $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost'); |
| 144 | \& $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost', Timeout => 60); |
| 145 | .Ve |
| 146 | .SH "DESCRIPTION" |
| 147 | .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
| 148 | This module implements a client interface to the \s-1SMTP\s0 and \s-1ESMTP\s0 |
| 149 | protocol, enabling a perl5 application to talk to \s-1SMTP\s0 servers. This |
| 150 | documentation assumes that you are familiar with the concepts of the |
| 151 | \&\s-1SMTP\s0 protocol described in \s-1RFC821\s0. |
| 152 | .PP |
| 153 | A new Net::SMTP object must be created with the \fInew\fR method. Once |
| 154 | this has been done, all \s-1SMTP\s0 commands are accessed through this object. |
| 155 | .PP |
| 156 | The Net::SMTP class is a subclass of Net::Cmd and IO::Socket::INET. |
| 157 | .SH "EXAMPLES" |
| 158 | .IX Header "EXAMPLES" |
| 159 | This example prints the mail domain name of the \s-1SMTP\s0 server known as mailhost: |
| 160 | .PP |
| 161 | .Vb 1 |
| 162 | \& #!/usr/local/bin/perl -w |
| 163 | .Ve |
| 164 | .PP |
| 165 | .Vb 1 |
| 166 | \& use Net::SMTP; |
| 167 | .Ve |
| 168 | .PP |
| 169 | .Vb 3 |
| 170 | \& $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost'); |
| 171 | \& print $smtp->domain,"\en"; |
| 172 | \& $smtp->quit; |
| 173 | .Ve |
| 174 | .PP |
| 175 | This example sends a small message to the postmaster at the \s-1SMTP\s0 server |
| 176 | known as mailhost: |
| 177 | .PP |
| 178 | .Vb 1 |
| 179 | \& #!/usr/local/bin/perl -w |
| 180 | .Ve |
| 181 | .PP |
| 182 | .Vb 1 |
| 183 | \& use Net::SMTP; |
| 184 | .Ve |
| 185 | .PP |
| 186 | .Vb 1 |
| 187 | \& $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost'); |
| 188 | .Ve |
| 189 | .PP |
| 190 | .Vb 2 |
| 191 | \& $smtp->mail($ENV{USER}); |
| 192 | \& $smtp->to('postmaster'); |
| 193 | .Ve |
| 194 | .PP |
| 195 | .Vb 5 |
| 196 | \& $smtp->data(); |
| 197 | \& $smtp->datasend("To: postmaster\en"); |
| 198 | \& $smtp->datasend("\en"); |
| 199 | \& $smtp->datasend("A simple test message\en"); |
| 200 | \& $smtp->dataend(); |
| 201 | .Ve |
| 202 | .PP |
| 203 | .Vb 1 |
| 204 | \& $smtp->quit; |
| 205 | .Ve |
| 206 | .SH "CONSTRUCTOR" |
| 207 | .IX Header "CONSTRUCTOR" |
| 208 | .IP "new ( [ \s-1HOST\s0 ] [, \s-1OPTIONS\s0 ] )" 4 |
| 209 | .IX Item "new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ] )" |
| 210 | This is the constructor for a new Net::SMTP object. \f(CW\*(C`HOST\*(C'\fR is the |
| 211 | name of the remote host to which an \s-1SMTP\s0 connection is required. |
| 212 | .Sp |
| 213 | \&\f(CW\*(C`HOST\*(C'\fR is optional. If \f(CW\*(C`HOST\*(C'\fR is not given then it may instead be |
| 214 | passed as the \f(CW\*(C`Host\*(C'\fR option described below. If neither is given then |
| 215 | the \f(CW\*(C`SMTP_Hosts\*(C'\fR specified in \f(CW\*(C`Net::Config\*(C'\fR will be used. |
| 216 | .Sp |
| 217 | \&\f(CW\*(C`OPTIONS\*(C'\fR are passed in a hash like fashion, using key and value pairs. |
| 218 | Possible options are: |
| 219 | .Sp |
| 220 | \&\fBHello\fR \- \s-1SMTP\s0 requires that you identify yourself. This option |
| 221 | specifies a string to pass as your mail domain. If not given localhost.localdomain |
| 222 | will be used. |
| 223 | .Sp |
| 224 | \&\fBHost\fR \- \s-1SMTP\s0 host to connect to. It may be a single scalar, as defined for |
| 225 | the \f(CW\*(C`PeerAddr\*(C'\fR option in IO::Socket::INET, or a reference to |
| 226 | an array with hosts to try in turn. The \*(L"host\*(R" method will return the value |
| 227 | which was used to connect to the host. |
| 228 | .Sp |
| 229 | \&\fBLocalAddr\fR and \fBLocalPort\fR \- These parameters are passed directly |
| 230 | to IO::Socket to allow binding the socket to a local port. |
| 231 | .Sp |
| 232 | \&\fBTimeout\fR \- Maximum time, in seconds, to wait for a response from the |
| 233 | \&\s-1SMTP\s0 server (default: 120) |
| 234 | .Sp |
| 235 | \&\fBExactAddresses\fR \- If true the all \s-1ADDRESS\s0 arguments must be as |
| 236 | defined by \f(CW\*(C`addr\-spec\*(C'\fR in \s-1RFC2822\s0. If not given, or false, then |
| 237 | Net::SMTP will attempt to extract the address from the value passed. |
| 238 | .Sp |
| 239 | \&\fBDebug\fR \- Enable debugging information |
| 240 | .Sp |
| 241 | Example: |
| 242 | .Sp |
| 243 | .Vb 5 |
| 244 | \& $smtp = Net::SMTP->new('mailhost', |
| 245 | \& Hello => 'my.mail.domain' |
| 246 | \& Timeout => 30, |
| 247 | \& Debug => 1, |
| 248 | \& ); |
| 249 | .Ve |
| 250 | .Sp |
| 251 | .Vb 7 |
| 252 | \& # the same |
| 253 | \& $smtp = Net::SMTP->new( |
| 254 | \& Host => 'mailhost', |
| 255 | \& Hello => 'my.mail.domain' |
| 256 | \& Timeout => 30, |
| 257 | \& Debug => 1, |
| 258 | \& ); |
| 259 | .Ve |
| 260 | .Sp |
| 261 | .Vb 5 |
| 262 | \& # Connect to the default server from Net::config |
| 263 | \& $smtp = Net::SMTP->new( |
| 264 | \& Hello => 'my.mail.domain' |
| 265 | \& Timeout => 30, |
| 266 | \& ); |
| 267 | .Ve |
| 268 | .SH "METHODS" |
| 269 | .IX Header "METHODS" |
| 270 | Unless otherwise stated all methods return either a \fItrue\fR or \fIfalse\fR |
| 271 | value, with \fItrue\fR meaning that the operation was a success. When a method |
| 272 | states that it returns a value, failure will be returned as \fIundef\fR or an |
| 273 | empty list. |
| 274 | .IP "banner ()" 4 |
| 275 | .IX Item "banner ()" |
| 276 | Returns the banner message which the server replied with when the |
| 277 | initial connection was made. |
| 278 | .IP "domain ()" 4 |
| 279 | .IX Item "domain ()" |
| 280 | Returns the domain that the remote \s-1SMTP\s0 server identified itself as during |
| 281 | connection. |
| 282 | .IP "hello ( \s-1DOMAIN\s0 )" 4 |
| 283 | .IX Item "hello ( DOMAIN )" |
| 284 | Tell the remote server the mail domain which you are in using the \s-1EHLO\s0 |
| 285 | command (or \s-1HELO\s0 if \s-1EHLO\s0 fails). Since this method is invoked |
| 286 | automatically when the Net::SMTP object is constructed the user should |
| 287 | normally not have to call it manually. |
| 288 | .IP "host ()" 4 |
| 289 | .IX Item "host ()" |
| 290 | Returns the value used by the constructor, and passed to IO::Socket::INET, |
| 291 | to connect to the host. |
| 292 | .IP "etrn ( \s-1DOMAIN\s0 )" 4 |
| 293 | .IX Item "etrn ( DOMAIN )" |
| 294 | Request a queue run for the \s-1DOMAIN\s0 given. |
| 295 | .IP "auth ( \s-1USERNAME\s0, \s-1PASSWORD\s0 )" 4 |
| 296 | .IX Item "auth ( USERNAME, PASSWORD )" |
| 297 | Attempt \s-1SASL\s0 authentication. |
| 298 | .IP "mail ( \s-1ADDRESS\s0 [, \s-1OPTIONS\s0] )" 4 |
| 299 | .IX Item "mail ( ADDRESS [, OPTIONS] )" |
| 300 | .PD 0 |
| 301 | .IP "send ( \s-1ADDRESS\s0 )" 4 |
| 302 | .IX Item "send ( ADDRESS )" |
| 303 | .IP "send_or_mail ( \s-1ADDRESS\s0 )" 4 |
| 304 | .IX Item "send_or_mail ( ADDRESS )" |
| 305 | .IP "send_and_mail ( \s-1ADDRESS\s0 )" 4 |
| 306 | .IX Item "send_and_mail ( ADDRESS )" |
| 307 | .PD |
| 308 | Send the appropriate command to the server \s-1MAIL\s0, \s-1SEND\s0, \s-1SOML\s0 or \s-1SAML\s0. \f(CW\*(C`ADDRESS\*(C'\fR |
| 309 | is the address of the sender. This initiates the sending of a message. The |
| 310 | method \f(CW\*(C`recipient\*(C'\fR should be called for each address that the message is to |
| 311 | be sent to. |
| 312 | .Sp |
| 313 | The \f(CW\*(C`mail\*(C'\fR method can some additional \s-1ESMTP\s0 \s-1OPTIONS\s0 which is passed |
| 314 | in hash like fashion, using key and value pairs. Possible options are: |
| 315 | .Sp |
| 316 | .Vb 6 |
| 317 | \& Size => <bytes> |
| 318 | \& Return => "FULL" | "HDRS" |
| 319 | \& Bits => "7" | "8" | "binary" |
| 320 | \& Transaction => <ADDRESS> |
| 321 | \& Envelope => <ENVID> |
| 322 | \& XVERP => 1 |
| 323 | .Ve |
| 324 | .Sp |
| 325 | The \f(CW\*(C`Return\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`Envelope\*(C'\fR parameters are used for \s-1DSN\s0 (Delivery |
| 326 | Status Notification). |
| 327 | .IP "reset ()" 4 |
| 328 | .IX Item "reset ()" |
| 329 | Reset the status of the server. This may be called after a message has been |
| 330 | initiated, but before any data has been sent, to cancel the sending of the |
| 331 | message. |
| 332 | .IP "recipient ( \s-1ADDRESS\s0 [, \s-1ADDRESS\s0, [...]] [, \s-1OPTIONS\s0 ] )" 4 |
| 333 | .IX Item "recipient ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS, [...]] [, OPTIONS ] )" |
| 334 | Notify the server that the current message should be sent to all of the |
| 335 | addresses given. Each address is sent as a separate command to the server. |
| 336 | Should the sending of any address result in a failure then the process is |
| 337 | aborted and a \fIfalse\fR value is returned. It is up to the user to call |
| 338 | \&\f(CW\*(C`reset\*(C'\fR if they so desire. |
| 339 | .Sp |
| 340 | The \f(CW\*(C`recipient\*(C'\fR method can also pass additional case-sensitive \s-1OPTIONS\s0 as an |
| 341 | anonymous hash using key and value pairs. Possible options are: |
| 342 | .Sp |
| 343 | .Vb 2 |
| 344 | \& Notify => ['NEVER'] or ['SUCCESS','FAILURE','DELAY'] (see below) |
| 345 | \& SkipBad => 1 (to ignore bad addresses) |
| 346 | .Ve |
| 347 | .Sp |
| 348 | If \f(CW\*(C`SkipBad\*(C'\fR is true the \f(CW\*(C`recipient\*(C'\fR will not return an error when a bad |
| 349 | address is encountered and it will return an array of addresses that did |
| 350 | succeed. |
| 351 | .Sp |
| 352 | .Vb 5 |
| 353 | \& $smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2); # Good |
| 354 | \& $smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2, { SkipBad => 1 }); # Good |
| 355 | \& $smtp->recipient($recipient1,$recipient2, { Notify => ['FAILURE','DELAY'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good |
| 356 | \& @goodrecips=$smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['FAILURE'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good |
| 357 | \& $smtp->recipient("$recipient,$recipient2"); # BAD |
| 358 | .Ve |
| 359 | .Sp |
| 360 | Notify is used to request Delivery Status Notifications (DSNs), but your |
| 361 | \&\s-1SMTP/ESMTP\s0 service may not respect this request depending upon its version and |
| 362 | your site's \s-1SMTP\s0 configuration. |
| 363 | .Sp |
| 364 | Leaving out the Notify option usually defaults an \s-1SMTP\s0 service to its default |
| 365 | behavior equivalent to ['\s-1FAILURE\s0'] notifications only, but again this may be |
| 366 | dependent upon your site's \s-1SMTP\s0 configuration. |
| 367 | .Sp |
| 368 | The \s-1NEVER\s0 keyword must appear by itself if used within the Notify option and \*(L"requests |
| 369 | that a \s-1DSN\s0 not be returned to the sender under any conditions.\*(R" |
| 370 | .Sp |
| 371 | .Vb 1 |
| 372 | \& {Notify => ['NEVER']} |
| 373 | .Ve |
| 374 | .Sp |
| 375 | .Vb 1 |
| 376 | \& $smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['NEVER'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good |
| 377 | .Ve |
| 378 | .Sp |
| 379 | You may use any combination of these three values '\s-1SUCCESS\s0','\s-1FAILURE\s0','\s-1DELAY\s0' in |
| 380 | the anonymous array reference as defined by \s-1RFC3461\s0 (see http://rfc.net/rfc3461.html |
| 381 | for more information. Note: quotations in this topic from same.). |
| 382 | .Sp |
| 383 | A Notify parameter of '\s-1SUCCESS\s0' or '\s-1FAILURE\s0' \*(L"requests that a \s-1DSN\s0 be issued on |
| 384 | successful delivery or delivery failure, respectively.\*(R" |
| 385 | .Sp |
| 386 | A Notify parameter of '\s-1DELAY\s0' \*(L"indicates the sender's willingness to receive |
| 387 | delayed DSNs. Delayed DSNs may be issued if delivery of a message has been |
| 388 | delayed for an unusual amount of time (as determined by the Message Transfer |
| 389 | Agent (\s-1MTA\s0) at which the message is delayed), but the final delivery status |
| 390 | (whether successful or failure) cannot be determined. The absence of the \s-1DELAY\s0 |
| 391 | keyword in a \s-1NOTIFY\s0 parameter requests that a \*(R"delayed\*(L" \s-1DSN\s0 \s-1NOT\s0 be issued under |
| 392 | any conditions.\*(R" |
| 393 | .Sp |
| 394 | .Vb 1 |
| 395 | \& {Notify => ['SUCCESS','FAILURE','DELAY']} |
| 396 | .Ve |
| 397 | .Sp |
| 398 | .Vb 1 |
| 399 | \& $smtp->recipient(@recipients, { Notify => ['FAILURE','DELAY'], SkipBad => 1 }); # Good |
| 400 | .Ve |
| 401 | .IP "to ( \s-1ADDRESS\s0 [, \s-1ADDRESS\s0 [...]] )" 4 |
| 402 | .IX Item "to ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] )" |
| 403 | .PD 0 |
| 404 | .IP "cc ( \s-1ADDRESS\s0 [, \s-1ADDRESS\s0 [...]] )" 4 |
| 405 | .IX Item "cc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] )" |
| 406 | .IP "bcc ( \s-1ADDRESS\s0 [, \s-1ADDRESS\s0 [...]] )" 4 |
| 407 | .IX Item "bcc ( ADDRESS [, ADDRESS [...]] )" |
| 408 | .PD |
| 409 | Synonyms for \f(CW\*(C`recipient\*(C'\fR. |
| 410 | .IP "data ( [ \s-1DATA\s0 ] )" 4 |
| 411 | .IX Item "data ( [ DATA ] )" |
| 412 | Initiate the sending of the data from the current message. |
| 413 | .Sp |
| 414 | \&\f(CW\*(C`DATA\*(C'\fR may be a reference to a list or a list. If specified the contents |
| 415 | of \f(CW\*(C`DATA\*(C'\fR and a termination string \f(CW".\er\en"\fR is sent to the server. And the |
| 416 | result will be true if the data was accepted. |
| 417 | .Sp |
| 418 | If \f(CW\*(C`DATA\*(C'\fR is not specified then the result will indicate that the server |
| 419 | wishes the data to be sent. The data must then be sent using the \f(CW\*(C`datasend\*(C'\fR |
| 420 | and \f(CW\*(C`dataend\*(C'\fR methods described in Net::Cmd. |
| 421 | .IP "expand ( \s-1ADDRESS\s0 )" 4 |
| 422 | .IX Item "expand ( ADDRESS )" |
| 423 | Request the server to expand the given address Returns an array |
| 424 | which contains the text read from the server. |
| 425 | .IP "verify ( \s-1ADDRESS\s0 )" 4 |
| 426 | .IX Item "verify ( ADDRESS )" |
| 427 | Verify that \f(CW\*(C`ADDRESS\*(C'\fR is a legitimate mailing address. |
| 428 | .Sp |
| 429 | Most sites usually disable this feature in their \s-1SMTP\s0 service configuration. |
| 430 | Use \*(L"Debug => 1\*(R" option under \fInew()\fR to see if disabled. |
| 431 | .ie n .IP "help ( [ $subject ] )" 4 |
| 432 | .el .IP "help ( [ \f(CW$subject\fR ] )" 4 |
| 433 | .IX Item "help ( [ $subject ] )" |
| 434 | Request help text from the server. Returns the text or undef upon failure |
| 435 | .IP "quit ()" 4 |
| 436 | .IX Item "quit ()" |
| 437 | Send the \s-1QUIT\s0 command to the remote \s-1SMTP\s0 server and close the socket connection. |
| 438 | .SH "ADDRESSES" |
| 439 | .IX Header "ADDRESSES" |
| 440 | Net::SMTP attempts to \s-1DWIM\s0 with addresses that are passed. For |
| 441 | example an application might extract The From: line from an email |
| 442 | and pass that to \fImail()\fR. While this may work, it is not reccomended. |
| 443 | The application should really use a module like Mail::Address |
| 444 | to extract the mail address and pass that. |
| 445 | .PP |
| 446 | If \f(CW\*(C`ExactAddresses\*(C'\fR is passed to the contructor, then addresses |
| 447 | should be a valid rfc2821\-quoted address, although Net::SMTP will |
| 448 | accept accept the address surrounded by angle brackets. |
| 449 | .PP |
| 450 | .Vb 3 |
| 451 | \& funny user@domain WRONG |
| 452 | \& "funny user"@domain RIGHT, recommended |
| 453 | \& <"funny user"@domain> OK |
| 454 | .Ve |
| 455 | .SH "SEE ALSO" |
| 456 | .IX Header "SEE ALSO" |
| 457 | Net::Cmd |
| 458 | .SH "AUTHOR" |
| 459 | .IX Header "AUTHOR" |
| 460 | Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com> |
| 461 | .SH "COPYRIGHT" |
| 462 | .IX Header "COPYRIGHT" |
| 463 | Copyright (c) 1995\-2004 Graham Barr. All rights reserved. |
| 464 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
| 465 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. |