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| 128 | .rm #[ #] #H #V #F C |
| 129 | .\" ======================================================================== |
| 130 | .\" |
| 131 | .IX Title "PERLAIX 1" |
| 132 | .TH PERLAIX 1 "2006-01-07" "perl v5.8.8" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide" |
| 133 | .SH "NAME" |
| 134 | README.aix \- Perl version 5 on IBM Unix (AIX) systems |
| 135 | .SH "DESCRIPTION" |
| 136 | .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" |
| 137 | This document describes various features of \s-1IBM\s0's Unix operating |
| 138 | system (\s-1AIX\s0) that will affect how Perl version 5 (hereafter just Perl) |
| 139 | is compiled and/or runs. |
| 140 | .Sh "Compiling Perl 5 on \s-1AIX\s0" |
| 141 | .IX Subsection "Compiling Perl 5 on AIX" |
| 142 | When compiling Perl, you must use an \s-1ANSI\s0 C compiler. \s-1AIX\s0 does not ship |
| 143 | an \s-1ANSI\s0 compliant C\-compiler with \s-1AIX\s0 by default, but binary builds of |
| 144 | gcc for \s-1AIX\s0 are widely available. |
| 145 | .PP |
| 146 | At the moment of writing, \s-1AIX\s0 supports two different native C compilers, |
| 147 | for which you have to pay: \fBxlC\fR and \fBvac\fR. If you decide to use either |
| 148 | of these two (which is quite a lot easier than using gcc), be sure to |
| 149 | upgrade to the latest available patch level. Currently: |
| 150 | .PP |
| 151 | .Vb 2 |
| 152 | \& xlC.C 3.1.4.10 or 3.6.6.0 or 4.0.2.2 or 5.0.2.9 or 6.0.0.3 |
| 153 | \& vac.C 4.4.0.3 or 5.0.2.6 or 6.0.0.1 |
| 154 | .Ve |
| 155 | .PP |
| 156 | note that xlC has the \s-1OS\s0 version in the name as of version 4.0.2.0, so |
| 157 | you will find xlC.C for \s-1AIX\-5\s0.0 as package |
| 158 | .PP |
| 159 | .Vb 1 |
| 160 | \& xlC.aix50.rte 5.0.2.0 or 6.0.0.3 |
| 161 | .Ve |
| 162 | .PP |
| 163 | subversions are not the same \*(L"latest\*(R" on all \s-1OS\s0 versions. For example, |
| 164 | the latest xlC\-5 on aix41 is 5.0.2.9, while on aix43, it is 5.0.2.7. |
| 165 | .PP |
| 166 | Perl can be compiled with either \s-1IBM\s0's \s-1ANSI\s0 C compiler or with gcc. |
| 167 | The former is recommended, as not only can it compile Perl with no |
| 168 | difficulty, but also can take advantage of features listed later that |
| 169 | require the use of \s-1IBM\s0 compiler-specific command-line flags. |
| 170 | .PP |
| 171 | The \s-1IBM\s0's compiler patch levels 5.0.0.0 and 5.0.1.0 have compiler |
| 172 | optimization bugs that affect compiling perl.c and regcomp.c, |
| 173 | respectively. If Perl's configuration detects those compiler patch |
| 174 | levels, optimization is turned off for the said source code files. |
| 175 | Upgrading to at least 5.0.2.0 is recommended. |
| 176 | .PP |
| 177 | If you decide to use gcc, make sure your installation is recent and |
| 178 | complete, and be sure to read the Perl \s-1README\s0 file for more gcc-specific |
| 179 | details. Please report any hoops you had to jump through to the development |
| 180 | team. |
| 181 | .Sh "\s-1OS\s0 level" |
| 182 | .IX Subsection "OS level" |
| 183 | Before installing the patches to the \s-1IBM\s0 C\-compiler you need to know the |
| 184 | level of patching for the Operating System. \s-1IBM\s0's command 'oslevel' will |
| 185 | show the base, but is not always complete (in this example oslevel shows |
| 186 | 4.3.NULL, whereas the system might run most of 4.3.THREE): |
| 187 | .PP |
| 188 | .Vb 6 |
| 189 | \& # oslevel |
| 190 | \& 4.3.0.0 |
| 191 | \& # lslpp -l | grep 'bos.rte ' |
| 192 | \& bos.rte 4.3.3.75 COMMITTED Base Operating System Runtime |
| 193 | \& bos.rte 4.3.2.0 COMMITTED Base Operating System Runtime |
| 194 | \& # |
| 195 | .Ve |
| 196 | .PP |
| 197 | The same might happen to \s-1AIX\s0 5.1 or other \s-1OS\s0 levels. As a side note, perl |
| 198 | cannot be built without bos.adt.syscalls and bos.adt.libm installed |
| 199 | .PP |
| 200 | .Vb 4 |
| 201 | \& # lslpp -l | egrep "syscalls|libm" |
| 202 | \& bos.adt.libm 5.1.0.25 COMMITTED Base Application Development |
| 203 | \& bos.adt.syscalls 5.1.0.36 COMMITTED System Calls Application |
| 204 | \& # |
| 205 | .Ve |
| 206 | .Sh "Building Dynamic Extensions on \s-1AIX\s0" |
| 207 | .IX Subsection "Building Dynamic Extensions on AIX" |
| 208 | \&\s-1AIX\s0 supports dynamically loadable objects as well as shared libraries. |
| 209 | Shared libraries by convention end with the suffix .a, which is a bit |
| 210 | misleading, as an archive can contain static as well as dynamic members. |
| 211 | For perl dynamically loaded objects we use the .so suffix also used on |
| 212 | many other platforms. |
| 213 | .PP |
| 214 | Note that starting from Perl 5.7.2 (and consequently 5.8.0) and \s-1AIX\s0 4.3 |
| 215 | or newer Perl uses the \s-1AIX\s0 native dynamic loading interface in the so |
| 216 | called runtime linking mode instead of the emulated interface that was |
| 217 | used in Perl releases 5.6.1 and earlier or, for \s-1AIX\s0 releases 4.2 and |
| 218 | earlier. This change does break backward compatibility with compiled |
| 219 | modules from earlier perl releases. The change was made to make Perl |
| 220 | more compliant with other applications like Apache/mod_perl which are |
| 221 | using the \s-1AIX\s0 native interface. This change also enables the use of \*(C+ |
| 222 | code with static constructors and destructors in perl extensions, which |
| 223 | was not possible using the emulated interface. |
| 224 | .Sh "The \s-1IBM\s0 \s-1ANSI\s0 C Compiler" |
| 225 | .IX Subsection "The IBM ANSI C Compiler" |
| 226 | All defaults for Configure can be used. |
| 227 | .PP |
| 228 | If you've chosen to use vac 4, be sure to run 4.4.0.3. Older versions |
| 229 | will turn up nasty later on. For vac 5 be sure to run at least 5.0.1.0, |
| 230 | but vac 5.0.2.6 or up is highly recommended. Note that since \s-1IBM\s0 has |
| 231 | removed vac 5.0.2.1 through 5.0.2.5 from the software depot, these |
| 232 | versions should be considered obsolete. |
| 233 | .PP |
| 234 | Here's a brief lead of how to upgrade the compiler to the latest |
| 235 | level. Of course this is subject to changes. You can only upgrade |
| 236 | versions from ftp-available updates if the first three digit groups |
| 237 | are the same (in where you can skip intermediate unlike the patches |
| 238 | in the developer snapshots of perl), or to one version up where the |
| 239 | \&\*(L"base\*(R" is available. In other words, the \s-1AIX\s0 compiler patches are |
| 240 | cumulative. |
| 241 | .PP |
| 242 | .Vb 2 |
| 243 | \& vac.C.4.4.0.1 => vac.C.4.4.0.3 is OK (vac.C.4.4.0.2 not needed) |
| 244 | \& xlC.C.3.1.3.3 => xlC.C.3.1.4.10 is NOT OK (xlC.C.3.1.4.0 is not available) |
| 245 | .Ve |
| 246 | .PP |
| 247 | .Vb 23 |
| 248 | \& # ftp ftp.software.ibm.com |
| 249 | \& Connected to service.boulder.ibm.com. |
| 250 | \& : welcome message ... |
| 251 | \& Name (ftp.software.ibm.com:merijn): anonymous |
| 252 | \& 331 Guest login ok, send your complete e-mail address as password. |
| 253 | \& Password: |
| 254 | \& ... accepted login stuff |
| 255 | \& ftp> cd /aix/fixes/v4/ |
| 256 | \& ftp> dir other other.ll |
| 257 | \& output to local-file: other.ll? y |
| 258 | \& 200 PORT command successful. |
| 259 | \& 150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls. |
| 260 | \& 226 Transfer complete. |
| 261 | \& ftp> dir xlc xlc.ll |
| 262 | \& output to local-file: xlc.ll? y |
| 263 | \& 200 PORT command successful. |
| 264 | \& 150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls. |
| 265 | \& 226 Transfer complete. |
| 266 | \& ftp> bye |
| 267 | \& ... goodbye messages |
| 268 | \& # ls -l *.ll |
| 269 | \& -rw-rw-rw- 1 merijn system 1169432 Nov 2 17:29 other.ll |
| 270 | \& -rw-rw-rw- 1 merijn system 29170 Nov 2 17:29 xlc.ll |
| 271 | .Ve |
| 272 | .PP |
| 273 | On \s-1AIX\s0 4.2 using xlC, we continue: |
| 274 | .PP |
| 275 | .Vb 16 |
| 276 | \& # lslpp -l | fgrep 'xlC.C ' |
| 277 | \& xlC.C 3.1.4.9 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler |
| 278 | \& xlC.C 3.1.4.0 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler |
| 279 | \& # grep 'xlC.C.3.1.4.*.bff' xlc.ll |
| 280 | \& -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6286336 Jul 22 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.1.bff |
| 281 | \& -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6173696 Aug 24 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.10.bff |
| 282 | \& -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6319104 Aug 14 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.2.bff |
| 283 | \& -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6316032 Oct 21 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.3.bff |
| 284 | \& -rw-r--r-- 1 45776101 1 6315008 Dec 20 1996 xlC.C.3.1.4.4.bff |
| 285 | \& -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6178816 Mar 28 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.5.bff |
| 286 | \& -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6188032 May 22 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.6.bff |
| 287 | \& -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6191104 Sep 5 1997 xlC.C.3.1.4.7.bff |
| 288 | \& -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6185984 Jan 13 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.8.bff |
| 289 | \& -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 6169600 May 27 1998 xlC.C.3.1.4.9.bff |
| 290 | \& # wget ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/fixes/v4/xlc/xlC.C.3.1.4.10.bff |
| 291 | \& # |
| 292 | .Ve |
| 293 | .PP |
| 294 | On \s-1AIX\s0 4.3 using vac, we continue: |
| 295 | .PP |
| 296 | .Vb 10 |
| 297 | \& # lslpp -l | grep 'vac.C ' |
| 298 | \& vac.C 5.0.2.2 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler |
| 299 | \& vac.C 5.0.2.0 COMMITTED C for AIX Compiler |
| 300 | \& # grep 'vac.C.5.0.2.*.bff' other.ll |
| 301 | \& -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 13592576 Apr 16 2001 vac.C.5.0.2.0.bff |
| 302 | \& -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 14133248 Apr 9 2002 vac.C.5.0.2.3.bff |
| 303 | \& -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 14173184 May 20 2002 vac.C.5.0.2.4.bff |
| 304 | \& -rw-rw-r-- 1 45776101 1 14192640 Nov 22 2002 vac.C.5.0.2.6.bff |
| 305 | \& # wget ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/fixes/v4/other/vac.C.5.0.2.6.bff |
| 306 | \& # |
| 307 | .Ve |
| 308 | .PP |
| 309 | Likewise on all other \s-1OS\s0 levels. Then execute the following command, and |
| 310 | fill in its choices |
| 311 | .PP |
| 312 | .Vb 5 |
| 313 | \& # smit install_update |
| 314 | \& -> Install and Update from LATEST Available Software |
| 315 | \& * INPUT device / directory for software [ vac.C.5.0.2.6.bff ] |
| 316 | \& [ OK ] |
| 317 | \& [ OK ] |
| 318 | .Ve |
| 319 | .PP |
| 320 | Follow the messages ... and you're done. |
| 321 | .PP |
| 322 | If you like a more web-like approach, a good start point can be |
| 323 | http://www14.software.ibm.com/webapp/download/downloadaz.jsp and click |
| 324 | \&\*(L"C for \s-1AIX\s0\*(R", and follow the instructions. |
| 325 | .Sh "The usenm option" |
| 326 | .IX Subsection "The usenm option" |
| 327 | If linking miniperl |
| 328 | .PP |
| 329 | .Vb 1 |
| 330 | \& cc -o miniperl ... miniperlmain.o opmini.o perl.o ... -lm -lc ... |
| 331 | .Ve |
| 332 | .PP |
| 333 | causes error like this |
| 334 | .PP |
| 335 | .Vb 8 |
| 336 | \& ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .aintl |
| 337 | \& ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .copysignl |
| 338 | \& ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .syscall |
| 339 | \& ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .eaccess |
| 340 | \& ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .setresuid |
| 341 | \& ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .setresgid |
| 342 | \& ld: 0711-317 ERROR: Undefined symbol: .setproctitle |
| 343 | \& ld: 0711-345 Use the -bloadmap or -bnoquiet option to obtain more information. |
| 344 | .Ve |
| 345 | .PP |
| 346 | you could retry with |
| 347 | .PP |
| 348 | .Vb 3 |
| 349 | \& make realclean |
| 350 | \& rm config.sh |
| 351 | \& ./Configure -Dusenm ... |
| 352 | .Ve |
| 353 | .PP |
| 354 | which makes Configure to use the \f(CW\*(C`nm\*(C'\fR tool when scanning for library |
| 355 | symbols, which usually is not done in \s-1AIX\s0. |
| 356 | .PP |
| 357 | Related to this, you probably should not use the \f(CW\*(C`\-r\*(C'\fR option of |
| 358 | Configure in \s-1AIX\s0, because that affects of how the \f(CW\*(C`nm\*(C'\fR tool is used. |
| 359 | .Sh "Using \s-1GNU\s0's gcc for building perl" |
| 360 | .IX Subsection "Using GNU's gcc for building perl" |
| 361 | Using gcc\-3.x (tested with 3.0.4, 3.1, and 3.2) now works out of the box, |
| 362 | as do recent gcc\-2.9 builds available directly from \s-1IBM\s0 as part of their |
| 363 | Linux compatibility packages, available here: |
| 364 | .PP |
| 365 | .Vb 1 |
| 366 | \& http://www.ibm.com/servers/aix/products/aixos/linux/ |
| 367 | .Ve |
| 368 | .Sh "Using Large Files with Perl" |
| 369 | .IX Subsection "Using Large Files with Perl" |
| 370 | Should yield no problems. |
| 371 | .Sh "Threaded Perl" |
| 372 | .IX Subsection "Threaded Perl" |
| 373 | Threads seem to work \s-1OK\s0, though at the moment not all tests pass when |
| 374 | threads are used in combination with 64\-bit configurations. |
| 375 | .PP |
| 376 | You may get a warning when doing a threaded build: |
| 377 | .PP |
| 378 | .Vb 1 |
| 379 | \& "pp_sys.c", line 4640.39: 1506-280 (W) Function argument assignment between types "unsigned char*" and "const void*" is not allowed. |
| 380 | .Ve |
| 381 | .PP |
| 382 | The exact line number may vary, but if the warning (W) comes from a line |
| 383 | line this |
| 384 | .PP |
| 385 | .Vb 1 |
| 386 | \& hent = PerlSock_gethostbyaddr(addr, (Netdb_hlen_t) addrlen, addrtype); |
| 387 | .Ve |
| 388 | .PP |
| 389 | in the \*(L"pp_ghostent\*(R" function, you may ignore it safely. The warning |
| 390 | is caused by the reentrant variant of \fIgethostbyaddr()\fR having a slightly |
| 391 | different prototype than its non-reentrant variant, but the difference |
| 392 | is not really significant here. |
| 393 | .Sh "64\-bit Perl" |
| 394 | .IX Subsection "64-bit Perl" |
| 395 | If your \s-1AIX\s0 is installed with 64\-bit support, you can expect 64\-bit |
| 396 | configurations to work. In combination with threads some tests might |
| 397 | still fail. |
| 398 | .Sh "\s-1AIX\s0 4.2 and extensions using \*(C+ with statics" |
| 399 | .IX Subsection "AIX 4.2 and extensions using with statics" |
| 400 | In \s-1AIX\s0 4.2 Perl extensions that use \*(C+ functions that use statics |
| 401 | may have problems in that the statics are not getting initialized. |
| 402 | In newer \s-1AIX\s0 releases this has been solved by linking Perl with |
| 403 | the libC_r library, but unfortunately in \s-1AIX\s0 4.2 the said library |
| 404 | has an obscure bug where the various functions related to time |
| 405 | (such as \fItime()\fR and \fIgettimeofday()\fR) return broken values, and |
| 406 | therefore in \s-1AIX\s0 4.2 Perl is not linked against the libC_r. |
| 407 | .SH "AUTHOR" |
| 408 | .IX Header "AUTHOR" |
| 409 | H.Merijn Brand <h.m.brand@xs4all.nl> |
| 410 | .SH "DATE" |
| 411 | .IX Header "DATE" |
| 412 | Version 0.0.6: 23 Dec 2002 |