| 1 | '\" |
| 2 | '\" Copyright (c) 1992-1999 by Karl Lehenbauer and Mark Diekhans |
| 3 | '\" Copyright (c) 2000 by Scriptics Corporation. |
| 4 | '\" All rights reserved. |
| 5 | '\" |
| 6 | '\" RCS: @(#) $Id: memory.n,v 1.5 2002/11/15 15:34:17 dkf Exp $ |
| 7 | '\" |
| 8 | '\" The definitions below are for supplemental macros used in Tcl/Tk |
| 9 | '\" manual entries. |
| 10 | '\" |
| 11 | '\" .AP type name in/out ?indent? |
| 12 | '\" Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure. |
| 13 | '\" type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out", |
| 14 | '\" or "in/out" to describe whether procedure reads or modifies arg, |
| 15 | '\" and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be |
| 16 | '\" needed; use .AS below instead) |
| 17 | '\" |
| 18 | '\" .AS ?type? ?name? |
| 19 | '\" Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops. Type and |
| 20 | '\" name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed |
| 21 | '\" to .AP later. If args are omitted, default tab stops are used. |
| 22 | '\" |
| 23 | '\" .BS |
| 24 | '\" Start box enclosure. From here until next .BE, everything will be |
| 25 | '\" enclosed in one large box. |
| 26 | '\" |
| 27 | '\" .BE |
| 28 | '\" End of box enclosure. |
| 29 | '\" |
| 30 | '\" .CS |
| 31 | '\" Begin code excerpt. |
| 32 | '\" |
| 33 | '\" .CE |
| 34 | '\" End code excerpt. |
| 35 | '\" |
| 36 | '\" .VS ?version? ?br? |
| 37 | '\" Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts |
| 38 | '\" of man pages. The first argument is ignored and used for recording |
| 39 | '\" the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be |
| 40 | '\" found and removed when they reach a certain age. If another argument |
| 41 | '\" is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar. |
| 42 | '\" |
| 43 | '\" .VE |
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| 45 | '\" |
| 46 | '\" .DS |
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| 49 | '\" .DE |
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| 51 | '\" |
| 52 | '\" .SO |
| 53 | '\" Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget. The |
| 54 | '\" options follow on successive lines, in four columns separated |
| 55 | '\" by tabs. |
| 56 | '\" |
| 57 | '\" .SE |
| 58 | '\" End of list of standard options for a Tk widget. |
| 59 | '\" |
| 60 | '\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass |
| 61 | '\" Start of description of a specific option. cmdName gives the |
| 62 | '\" option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives |
| 63 | '\" the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives |
| 64 | '\" the option's class in the option database. |
| 65 | '\" |
| 66 | '\" .UL arg1 arg2 |
| 67 | '\" Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally. |
| 68 | '\" |
| 69 | '\" RCS: @(#) $Id: man.macros,v 1.4 2000/08/25 06:18:32 ericm Exp $ |
| 70 | '\" |
| 71 | '\" # Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages. |
| 72 | .if t .wh -1.3i ^B |
| 73 | .nr ^l \n(.l |
| 74 | .ad b |
| 75 | '\" # Start an argument description |
| 76 | .de AP |
| 77 | .ie !"\\$4"" .TP \\$4 |
| 78 | .el \{\ |
| 79 | . ie !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu |
| 80 | . el .TP 15 |
| 81 | .\} |
| 82 | .ta \\n()Au \\n()Bu |
| 83 | .ie !"\\$3"" \{\ |
| 84 | \&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP (\\$3) |
| 85 | .\".b |
| 86 | .\} |
| 87 | .el \{\ |
| 88 | .br |
| 89 | .ie !"\\$2"" \{\ |
| 90 | \&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP |
| 91 | .\} |
| 92 | .el \{\ |
| 93 | \&\\fI\\$1\\fP |
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| 96 | .. |
| 97 | '\" # define tabbing values for .AP |
| 98 | .de AS |
| 99 | .nr )A 10n |
| 100 | .if !"\\$1"" .nr )A \\w'\\$1'u+3n |
| 101 | .nr )B \\n()Au+15n |
| 102 | .\" |
| 103 | .if !"\\$2"" .nr )B \\w'\\$2'u+\\n()Au+3n |
| 104 | .nr )C \\n()Bu+\\w'(in/out)'u+2n |
| 105 | .. |
| 106 | .AS Tcl_Interp Tcl_CreateInterp in/out |
| 107 | '\" # BS - start boxed text |
| 108 | '\" # ^y = starting y location |
| 109 | '\" # ^b = 1 |
| 110 | .de BS |
| 111 | .br |
| 112 | .mk ^y |
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| 114 | .if n .nf |
| 115 | .if n .ti 0 |
| 116 | .if n \l'\\n(.lu\(ul' |
| 117 | .if n .fi |
| 118 | .. |
| 119 | '\" # BE - end boxed text (draw box now) |
| 120 | .de BE |
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| 124 | .ie n \l'\\n(^lu\(ul' |
| 125 | .el \{\ |
| 126 | .\" Draw four-sided box normally, but don't draw top of |
| 127 | .\" box if the box started on an earlier page. |
| 128 | .ie !\\n(^b-1 \{\ |
| 129 | \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul' |
| 130 | .\} |
| 131 | .el \}\ |
| 132 | \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul' |
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| 136 | .br |
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| 138 | .. |
| 139 | '\" # VS - start vertical sidebar |
| 140 | '\" # ^Y = starting y location |
| 141 | '\" # ^v = 1 (for troff; for nroff this doesn't matter) |
| 142 | .de VS |
| 143 | .if !"\\$2"" .br |
| 144 | .mk ^Y |
| 145 | .ie n 'mc \s12\(br\s0 |
| 146 | .el .nr ^v 1u |
| 147 | .. |
| 148 | '\" # VE - end of vertical sidebar |
| 149 | .de VE |
| 150 | .ie n 'mc |
| 151 | .el \{\ |
| 152 | .ev 2 |
| 153 | .nf |
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| 155 | .mk ^t |
| 156 | \h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\L'|\\n(^Yu-1v\(bv'\v'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu'\h'-|\\n(^lu+3n' |
| 157 | .sp -1 |
| 158 | .fi |
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| 162 | .. |
| 163 | '\" # Special macro to handle page bottom: finish off current |
| 164 | '\" # box/sidebar if in box/sidebar mode, then invoked standard |
| 165 | '\" # page bottom macro. |
| 166 | .de ^B |
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| 168 | 'ti 0 |
| 169 | 'nf |
| 170 | .mk ^t |
| 171 | .if \\n(^b \{\ |
| 172 | .\" Draw three-sided box if this is the box's first page, |
| 173 | .\" draw two sides but no top otherwise. |
| 174 | .ie !\\n(^b-1 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c |
| 175 | .el \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c |
| 176 | .\} |
| 177 | .if \\n(^v \{\ |
| 178 | .nr ^x \\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu |
| 179 | \kx\h'-\\nxu'\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\ky\L'-\\n(^xu'\v'\\n(^xu'\h'|0u'\c |
| 180 | .\} |
| 181 | .bp |
| 182 | 'fi |
| 183 | .ev |
| 184 | .if \\n(^b \{\ |
| 185 | .mk ^y |
| 186 | .nr ^b 2 |
| 187 | .\} |
| 188 | .if \\n(^v \{\ |
| 189 | .mk ^Y |
| 190 | .\} |
| 191 | .. |
| 192 | '\" # DS - begin display |
| 193 | .de DS |
| 194 | .RS |
| 195 | .nf |
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| 197 | .. |
| 198 | '\" # DE - end display |
| 199 | .de DE |
| 200 | .fi |
| 201 | .RE |
| 202 | .sp |
| 203 | .. |
| 204 | '\" # SO - start of list of standard options |
| 205 | .de SO |
| 206 | .SH "STANDARD OPTIONS" |
| 207 | .LP |
| 208 | .nf |
| 209 | .ta 5.5c 11c |
| 210 | .ft B |
| 211 | .. |
| 212 | '\" # SE - end of list of standard options |
| 213 | .de SE |
| 214 | .fi |
| 215 | .ft R |
| 216 | .LP |
| 217 | See the \\fBoptions\\fR manual entry for details on the standard options. |
| 218 | .. |
| 219 | '\" # OP - start of full description for a single option |
| 220 | .de OP |
| 221 | .LP |
| 222 | .nf |
| 223 | .ta 4c |
| 224 | Command-Line Name: \\fB\\$1\\fR |
| 225 | Database Name: \\fB\\$2\\fR |
| 226 | Database Class: \\fB\\$3\\fR |
| 227 | .fi |
| 228 | .IP |
| 229 | .. |
| 230 | '\" # CS - begin code excerpt |
| 231 | .de CS |
| 232 | .RS |
| 233 | .nf |
| 234 | .ta .25i .5i .75i 1i |
| 235 | .. |
| 236 | '\" # CE - end code excerpt |
| 237 | .de CE |
| 238 | .fi |
| 239 | .RE |
| 240 | .. |
| 241 | .de UL |
| 242 | \\$1\l'|0\(ul'\\$2 |
| 243 | .. |
| 244 | .TH memory n 8.1 Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands" |
| 245 | .BS |
| 246 | .SH NAME |
| 247 | memory \- Control Tcl memory debugging capabilities. |
| 248 | .SH SYNOPSIS |
| 249 | \fBmemory \fIoption \fR?\fIarg arg ...\fR? |
| 250 | .BE |
| 251 | |
| 252 | .SH DESCRIPTION |
| 253 | .PP |
| 254 | The \fBmemory\fR command gives the Tcl developer control of Tcl's memory |
| 255 | debugging capabilities. The memory command has several suboptions, which are |
| 256 | described below. It is only available when Tcl has been compiled with |
| 257 | memory debugging enabled (when \fBTCL_MEM_DEBUG\fR is defined at |
| 258 | compile time), and after \fBTcl_InitMemory\fR has been called. |
| 259 | .TP |
| 260 | \fBmemory active\fR \fIfile\fR |
| 261 | Write a list of all currently allocated memory to the specified \fIfile\fR. |
| 262 | .TP |
| 263 | \fBmemory break_on_malloc\fR \fIcount\fR |
| 264 | After the \fIcount\fR allocations have been performed, \fBckalloc\fR |
| 265 | outputs a message to this effect and that it is now attempting to enter |
| 266 | the C debugger. Tcl will then issue a \fISIGINT\fR signal against itself. |
| 267 | If you are running Tcl under a C debugger, it should then enter the debugger |
| 268 | command mode. |
| 269 | .TP |
| 270 | \fBmemory info\fR |
| 271 | Returns a report containing the total allocations and frees since |
| 272 | Tcl began, the current packets allocated (the current |
| 273 | number of calls to \fBckalloc\fR not met by a corresponding call |
| 274 | to \fBckfree\fR), the current bytes allocated, and the maximum number |
| 275 | of packets and bytes allocated. |
| 276 | .TP |
| 277 | \fB memory init [on|off]\fR |
| 278 | Turn on or off the pre-initialization of all allocated memory |
| 279 | with bogus bytes. Useful for detecting the use of uninitialized values. |
| 280 | .TP |
| 281 | \fBmemory onexit\fR \fIfile\fR |
| 282 | Causes a list of all allocated memory to be written to the specified \fIfile\fR |
| 283 | during the finalization of Tcl's memory subsystem. Useful for checking |
| 284 | that memory is properly cleaned up during process exit. |
| 285 | .TP |
| 286 | \fBmemory tag\fR \fIstring\fR |
| 287 | Each packet of memory allocated by \fBckalloc\fR can have associated |
| 288 | with it a string-valued tag. In the lists of allocated memory generated |
| 289 | by \fBmemory active\fR and \fBmemory onexit\fR, the tag for each packet |
| 290 | is printed along with other information about the packet. The |
| 291 | \fBmemory tag\fR command sets the tag value for subsequent calls |
| 292 | to \fBckalloc\fR to be \fIstring\fR. |
| 293 | .TP |
| 294 | \fBmemory trace [on|off]\fR |
| 295 | .br |
| 296 | Turns memory tracing on or off. When memory tracing is on, every call |
| 297 | to \fBckalloc\fR causes a line of trace information to be written to |
| 298 | \fIstderr\fR, consisting of the word \fIckalloc\fR, followed by the |
| 299 | address returned, the amount of memory allocated, and the C filename |
| 300 | and line number of the code performing the allocation. For example: |
| 301 | .RS |
| 302 | .CS |
| 303 | ckalloc 40e478 98 tclProc.c 1406 |
| 304 | .CE |
| 305 | Calls to \fBckfree\fR are traced in the same manner. |
| 306 | .RE |
| 307 | .TP |
| 308 | \fBmemory trace_on_at_malloc\fR \fIcount\fR |
| 309 | Enable memory tracing after \fIcount\fR \fBckalloc\fR's have been performed. |
| 310 | For example, if you enter \fBmemory trace_on_at_malloc 100\fR, |
| 311 | after the 100th call to \fBckalloc\fR, memory trace information will begin |
| 312 | being displayed for all allocations and frees. Since there can be a lot |
| 313 | of memory activity before a problem occurs, judicious use of this option |
| 314 | can reduce the slowdown caused by tracing (and the amount of trace information |
| 315 | produced), if you can identify a number of allocations that occur before |
| 316 | the problem sets in. The current number of memory allocations that have |
| 317 | occurred since Tcl started is printed on a guard zone failure. |
| 318 | .TP |
| 319 | \fBmemory validate [on|off]\fR |
| 320 | Turns memory validation on or off. When memory validation is enabled, |
| 321 | on every call to \fBckalloc\fR or \fBckfree\fR, the guard zones are |
| 322 | checked for every piece of memory currently in existence that was |
| 323 | allocated by \fBckalloc\fR. This has a large performance impact and |
| 324 | should only be used when overwrite problems are strongly suspected. |
| 325 | The advantage of enabling memory validation is that a guard zone |
| 326 | overwrite can be detected on the first call to \fBckalloc\fR or |
| 327 | \fBckfree\fR after the overwrite occurred, rather than when the |
| 328 | specific memory with the overwritten guard zone(s) is freed, which may |
| 329 | occur long after the overwrite occurred. |
| 330 | |
| 331 | .SH "SEE ALSO" |
| 332 | ckalloc, ckfree, Tcl_ValidateAllMemory, Tcl_DumpActiveMemory, TCL_MEM_DEBUG |
| 333 | |
| 334 | .SH KEYWORDS |
| 335 | memory, debug |