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| 219 | See the \\fBoptions\\fR manual entry for details on the standard options. |
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| 226 | Command-Line Name: \\fB\\$1\\fR |
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| 245 | .. |
| 246 | .TH Tcl_SplitList 3 8.0 Tcl "Tcl Library Procedures" |
| 247 | .BS |
| 248 | .SH NAME |
| 249 | Tcl_SplitList, Tcl_Merge, Tcl_ScanElement, Tcl_ConvertElement, Tcl_ScanCountedElement, Tcl_ConvertCountedElement \- manipulate Tcl lists |
| 250 | .SH SYNOPSIS |
| 251 | .nf |
| 252 | \fB#include <tcl.h>\fR |
| 253 | .sp |
| 254 | int |
| 255 | \fBTcl_SplitList\fR(\fIinterp, list, argcPtr, argvPtr\fR) |
| 256 | .sp |
| 257 | char * |
| 258 | \fBTcl_Merge\fR(\fIargc, argv\fR) |
| 259 | .sp |
| 260 | int |
| 261 | \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR(\fIsrc, flagsPtr\fR) |
| 262 | .sp |
| 263 | int |
| 264 | \fBTcl_ScanCountedElement\fR(\fIsrc, length, flagsPtr\fR) |
| 265 | .sp |
| 266 | int |
| 267 | \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR(\fIsrc, dst, flags\fR) |
| 268 | .sp |
| 269 | int |
| 270 | \fBTcl_ConvertCountedElement\fR(\fIsrc, length, dst, flags\fR) |
| 271 | .SH ARGUMENTS |
| 272 | .AS "CONST char * CONST" ***argvPtr |
| 273 | .AP Tcl_Interp *interp out |
| 274 | Interpreter to use for error reporting. If NULL, then no error message |
| 275 | is left. |
| 276 | .AP char *list in |
| 277 | Pointer to a string with proper list structure. |
| 278 | .AP int *argcPtr out |
| 279 | Filled in with number of elements in \fIlist\fR. |
| 280 | .AP "CONST char" ***argvPtr out |
| 281 | \fI*argvPtr\fR will be filled in with the address of an array of |
| 282 | pointers to the strings that are the extracted elements of \fIlist\fR. |
| 283 | There will be \fI*argcPtr\fR valid entries in the array, followed by |
| 284 | a NULL entry. |
| 285 | .AP int argc in |
| 286 | Number of elements in \fIargv\fR. |
| 287 | .AP "CONST char * CONST" *argv in |
| 288 | Array of strings to merge together into a single list. |
| 289 | Each string will become a separate element of the list. |
| 290 | .AP "CONST char" *src in |
| 291 | String that is to become an element of a list. |
| 292 | .AP int *flagsPtr in |
| 293 | Pointer to word to fill in with information about \fIsrc\fR. |
| 294 | The value of *\fIflagsPtr\fR must be passed to \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR. |
| 295 | .AP int length in |
| 296 | Number of bytes in string \fIsrc\fR. |
| 297 | .AP char *dst in |
| 298 | Place to copy converted list element. Must contain enough characters |
| 299 | to hold converted string. |
| 300 | .AP int flags in |
| 301 | Information about \fIsrc\fR. Must be value returned by previous |
| 302 | call to \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR, possibly OR-ed |
| 303 | with \fBTCL_DONT_USE_BRACES\fR. |
| 304 | .BE |
| 305 | |
| 306 | .SH DESCRIPTION |
| 307 | .PP |
| 308 | These procedures may be used to disassemble and reassemble Tcl lists. |
| 309 | \fBTcl_SplitList\fR breaks a list up into its constituent elements, |
| 310 | returning an array of pointers to the elements using |
| 311 | \fIargcPtr\fR and \fIargvPtr\fR. |
| 312 | While extracting the arguments, \fBTcl_SplitList\fR obeys the usual |
| 313 | rules for backslash substitutions and braces. The area of |
| 314 | memory pointed to by \fI*argvPtr\fR is dynamically allocated; in |
| 315 | addition to the array of pointers, it |
| 316 | also holds copies of all the list elements. It is the caller's |
| 317 | responsibility to free up all of this storage. |
| 318 | For example, suppose that you have called \fBTcl_SplitList\fR with |
| 319 | the following code: |
| 320 | .CS |
| 321 | int argc, code; |
| 322 | char *string; |
| 323 | char **argv; |
| 324 | \&... |
| 325 | code = Tcl_SplitList(interp, string, &argc, &argv); |
| 326 | .CE |
| 327 | Then you should eventually free the storage with a call like the |
| 328 | following: |
| 329 | .CS |
| 330 | Tcl_Free((char *) argv); |
| 331 | .CE |
| 332 | .PP |
| 333 | \fBTcl_SplitList\fR normally returns \fBTCL_OK\fR, which means the list was |
| 334 | successfully parsed. |
| 335 | If there was a syntax error in \fIlist\fR, then \fBTCL_ERROR\fR is returned |
| 336 | and the interpreter's result will point to an error message describing the |
| 337 | problem (if \fIinterp\fR was not NULL). |
| 338 | If \fBTCL_ERROR\fR is returned then no memory is allocated and \fI*argvPtr\fR |
| 339 | is not modified. |
| 340 | .PP |
| 341 | \fBTcl_Merge\fR is the inverse of \fBTcl_SplitList\fR: it |
| 342 | takes a collection of strings given by \fIargc\fR |
| 343 | and \fIargv\fR and generates a result string |
| 344 | that has proper list structure. |
| 345 | This means that commands like \fBindex\fR may be used to |
| 346 | extract the original elements again. |
| 347 | In addition, if the result of \fBTcl_Merge\fR is passed to \fBTcl_Eval\fR, |
| 348 | it will be parsed into \fIargc\fR words whose values will |
| 349 | be the same as the \fIargv\fR strings passed to \fBTcl_Merge\fR. |
| 350 | \fBTcl_Merge\fR will modify the list elements with braces and/or |
| 351 | backslashes in order to produce proper Tcl list structure. |
| 352 | The result string is dynamically allocated |
| 353 | using \fBTcl_Alloc\fR; the caller must eventually release the space |
| 354 | using \fBTcl_Free\fR. |
| 355 | .PP |
| 356 | If the result of \fBTcl_Merge\fR is passed to \fBTcl_SplitList\fR, |
| 357 | the elements returned by \fBTcl_SplitList\fR will be identical to |
| 358 | those passed into \fBTcl_Merge\fR. |
| 359 | However, the converse is not true: if \fBTcl_SplitList\fR |
| 360 | is passed a given string, and the resulting \fIargc\fR and |
| 361 | \fIargv\fR are passed to \fBTcl_Merge\fR, the resulting string |
| 362 | may not be the same as the original string passed to \fBTcl_SplitList\fR. |
| 363 | This is because \fBTcl_Merge\fR may use backslashes and braces |
| 364 | differently than the original string. |
| 365 | .PP |
| 366 | \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR and \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR are the |
| 367 | procedures that do all of the real work of \fBTcl_Merge\fR. |
| 368 | \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR scans its \fIsrc\fR argument |
| 369 | and determines how to use backslashes and braces |
| 370 | when converting it to a list element. |
| 371 | It returns an overestimate of the number of characters |
| 372 | required to represent \fIsrc\fR as a list element, and |
| 373 | it stores information in \fI*flagsPtr\fR that is needed |
| 374 | by \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR. |
| 375 | .PP |
| 376 | \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR is a companion procedure to \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR. |
| 377 | It does the actual work of converting a string to a list element. |
| 378 | Its \fIflags\fR argument must be the same as the value returned |
| 379 | by \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR. |
| 380 | \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR writes a proper list element to memory |
| 381 | starting at *\fIdst\fR and returns a count of the total number |
| 382 | of characters written, which will be no more than the result |
| 383 | returned by \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR. |
| 384 | \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR writes out only the actual list element |
| 385 | without any leading or trailing spaces: it is up to the caller to |
| 386 | include spaces between adjacent list elements. |
| 387 | .PP |
| 388 | \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR uses one of two different approaches to |
| 389 | handle the special characters in \fIsrc\fR. Wherever possible, it |
| 390 | handles special characters by surrounding the string with braces. |
| 391 | This produces clean-looking output, but can't be used in some situations, |
| 392 | such as when \fIsrc\fR contains unmatched braces. |
| 393 | In these situations, \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR handles special |
| 394 | characters by generating backslash sequences for them. |
| 395 | The caller may insist on the second approach by OR-ing the |
| 396 | flag value returned by \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR with |
| 397 | \fBTCL_DONT_USE_BRACES\fR. |
| 398 | Although this will produce an uglier result, it is useful in some |
| 399 | special situations, such as when \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR is being |
| 400 | used to generate a portion of an argument for a Tcl command. |
| 401 | In this case, surrounding \fIsrc\fR with curly braces would cause |
| 402 | the command not to be parsed correctly. |
| 403 | .PP |
| 404 | \fBTcl_ScanCountedElement\fR and \fBTcl_ConvertCountedElement\fR are |
| 405 | the same as \fBTcl_ScanElement\fR and \fBTcl_ConvertElement\fR, except |
| 406 | the length of string \fIsrc\fR is specified by the \fIlength\fR |
| 407 | argument, and the string may contain embedded nulls. |
| 408 | |
| 409 | .SH KEYWORDS |
| 410 | backslash, convert, element, list, merge, split, strings |