386BSD 0.1 development

[unix-history] / usr / othersrc / public / zsh-2.2 / README

You have permission to copy the zsh distribution in whole or in part
as long as you don't try to make money off of it, or pretend that you
wrote it.

This is zsh 2.2.0.

To get this shell running, cd into the src directory and type
"buildzsh".  I tested it on the following machines, where it compiled
just by running this script:

Sun SPARCServer 4/690 running SunOS 4.1.2
NeXTstation running Mach 2.0
DECStation-5000 running ULTRIX 4.2
Iris 4D/20 running IRIX 4.0.1
HP 9000/834 running HP-UX 7.00
IBM RS6000 running AIX 3.2
(rumored to work on a Pyramid)

In general, the more BSD-like your system, the more likely it will work.

Tabstops are 3 spaces.  If you're going to look at my code, run it
though "expand -3" first, or set your tab stops to the same as mine.

There is a zsh mailing list, "zsh-list@cs.uow.edu.au".  To have yourself
added to the list, send a request to "zsh-request@cs.uow.edu.au".

The author can be reached via email to one of the following addresses:
"pfalstad@phoenix.princeton.edu", "pfalstad@cs.ucsd.edu", "pf@ttisms.com",
"pf@gnu.ai.mit.edu".

Thanks to the following people for help, ideas, accounts, comments,
patches, etc.:
 
Charles Hannum
David Dobkin
Jim Mattson
Carlos Carvalho
Bart Schaefer
Peter Gray
Pure Software, Inc.
Chris P. Ross
Gary Oberbrunner
Jonathan Hardwick
John Navarra
Michael Lamoureux
Rick Lyons
Duncan Sinclair
Mark R. Rubin
John Guthrie
James Bonfield
Chris Moore
Thomas Winder
David J. MacKenzie
Charles Rendleman
Richard Ohnemus
Nik Gervae
Gottfried Necker
Goran Larsson
Paul E. Maisano
Norbert Kiesel
Josh Diamond
Bill Miskovetz
Peter Moore
Geoff Wing
Kent Dickey
Jean-Jacques Moreau
Michael Brown
Bruce Anderson
Stephen Dum
Lars E. Thon
Michael Brennan
Xev Gittler
Jarkko Hietaniemi
Zbigniew J Tyrlik
Pierre Racz
Rick Ohnemus
Richard Dean
Gary D. Kline
Robert A. Fabian
Byron Rakitzis
Dan Bernstein
Jonathan Kamens
Vincent Granet
David Wilson
Greg Noel
Paul Lew
Dan Esbensen
Kartik Subbarao
Ross Bunker
Michael Marucheck
Christopher Pirazzi
Steve Giovanetti
Kennedy Lemke
Emin Gun Sirer
Kazuo Itoh
lots of other people, I'm sure

Modification history:

2.2.0-2.1.0:
o should be faster in general
o fewer compilation warnings
o SPROMPT now uses %R instead of %s for the incorrect string
o no longer tries to create FIFOs on NeXTs (thereby causing a panic)
o now gets usernames from NIS on irises without crashing (SGI's getpwnam()
  called my strdup(), the pricks.  Took me forever to find that.  :-) )
o fewer 7-bit assumptions
o which/whence/type have new options:
  -a = all (find all occurences of command in path)
  -c = csh-style which (default for "which" command)
o error message for cd str1 str2 is fixed
o relative paths (including .) in cdpath now work
o exclusion patterns in glob: ls *.c~lex.c prints all .c files but lex.c
o bug with command substitution in chpwd fixed (buffers flushed twice)
o relative paths in $path now work
o "kill -9 -FOO" no longer kills shell
o new options to history/fc:
	-d = prints date commands were entered
	-D = prints running time of commands
o "history <num>" prints all commands SINCE <num> as well
o history stored differently - should be more efficient
o bg'ing a suspended zsh no longer causes problems
o "set" no longer prints ONLY exported params (duh)
o functions +t now allowed
o redirection is done AFTER filename generation
o print changes:
  o print -u# prints to fd #
  o print -p prints to coproc
  o -D and -P perform \ substitution first
  o print -0 changed to print -N
o read changes:
  o read -u# reads from fd #
  o read -p reads from coproc
  o read -z waits for input if nothing on buffer stack
  o no longer reads from fd 0 if shell is getting input from there
  o echo -n foo | read x  now works
o getopts is now POSIX conformant
o compctl builtin added, replacing hostcmds, foocmds, etc.  Controls
  completion of various commands in zle.
  format: compctl -options cmdnams ...
  options tell where to get possible matches from, and include:
	 -c = command names
	 -f = filenames
	 -h = hostnames ($hosts)
	 -o = options
	 -v = vars
	 -b = bindings
	 -k name = elements of $name array
  Any number of these options may be used together.
  In addition, compctl -C -options will set the default completion
  names when in command position (by default -c), and compctl -D -options
  will set the default completion names used after unrecognized commands
  or after redirections (by default -f).
o foo && bar || fuu now works
o ttyctl builtin added
  ttyctl -f freezes the tty.  no changes made to the tty settings by
	 external programs will be honored when this command is in effect.
  ttyctl -u unfreezes the tty.
  typically, "ttyctl -f" would be used in a zlogin or zshrc script after
  "stty" has been called to set up the terminal.
o [[ -e file ]] is now equivalent to [[ -a file ]]
o [[ -h file ]] is now equivalent to [[ -L file ]]
o the path is now hashed incrementally.
  o if the HASHCMDS option is unset, path hashing is not done at all.
  o if the HASHCMDS option is set but HASHDIRS is unset, commands are placed
	 in the hash table when first executed.
  o if the HASHCMDS and HASHDIRS options are both set, commands are placed
	 in the hash table when first executed, along with all commands in
	 the directory that command was found in (and all directories earlier
	 in the path).  This is the default situation.
o "for i (*.c) do /bin/echo $i ; done | more" no longer hangs
o coprocesses now work properly
o READNULLCMD is now used instead of NULLCMD for "< file"
o POSTEDIT is printed whenever the editor exits
o rm path/path/* is now reported by checkrmall()
o cmd >&- works
o cmd >>! file works
o time cmd no longer forks an extra process
o setopt printexitvalue ; echo `false` no longer prints anything
o here documents work inside eval, etc.
o $(...) works inside here documents
o "time" by itself prints the shell timings
o locals in precmd() or chpwd() work
o new glob qualifiers
  o pat(M) sets markdirs, pat(^M) unsets it
  o pat(N) sets nullglob, ...
  o pat(D) sets globdots, ...
o ls * only sorts numeric filenames specially if NUMERICGLOBSORT is set
o setopt braceccl lets "echo {a-zA-Z}" work
o new options: pushdignoredups nohistbeep overstrike
o ls **/file is now equivalent to ls ****/file
o !'s in history are now escaped when you return to them
o history substitution is not done in script files
o echo $(!-2) works
o histverify and correct 'e' no longer put the edit line in the history
o the :x, :q, and :gs modifiers work properly now
o zsh -c 'ls =(ls)' no longer hangs
o VSWTCH is now set to ^Z on the irises
o zsh & no longer causes havoc
o USERNAME and LOGNAME are kept separate
o $manpath has been added for easy access to the $MANPATH components
o zsh now realizes if it is running under emacs, and resigns itself to
  the fact rather than panicking
o SIGQUIT is ignored in the PRODUCTION version of zsh, and kills the shell
  in the DEBUG version, rather than vice versa.
o GLOBALZSHENV has been added, and GLOBALZPROFILE is sourced in the
  proper place
o "kill %" no longer causes the prompt to be printed 3 times if notify
  is set on a NeXT
o REPORTTIME has been added; if a job runs longer than this many seconds,
  timing statistics are reported
o timing statistics now include a job name (%J)
o no longer talks about SIGHUPed jobs if the kill failed
o no longer talks about running jobs which don't exist if you do eval exit
  or if you have notify unset
o foo=bar comman[tab], for/select/foreach i (*.c[tab] both work
o [base]num inside $[...] works
o foo=pat(n|ern) works
o cd - prints the new directory
o l[tab] works if l is an alias
o select foo ; ... works (in $argv is assumed)
o select reads from the right input
o math identifiers can now contain numbers and _'s.
o lots of serious memory heap trashing and leaks fixed
o echo $HOME[*] no longer crashes the shell
o SIGWINCH now changes LINES and COLUMNS in the environment
o typeset +r TTY; TTY=foo no longer causes problems
o ~ substitution is no longer done in FIGNORE
o assignment to SECONDS works
o "else if" is no longer a synonym for "elif" <thud>
o lots of problems with null lists in flow constructs fixed
o no correction done for >file
o echo ${foo%bar is no longer weird
o modifying array substitutions works
o ^O can be bound to something
o command substitution in signal handlers no longer causes problems
o spelling correction is better ($PAHT is corrected), and SPROMPT
  allows all the regular PROMPT escapes
o new prompt escape sequence: %D{...} formats ... part using strftime
o shell input no longer butchered using IFS
o vi cmd mode has 's' bound to visubstitute, as it should be
o you can use ^XS and ^XR in i-search mode
o bindings to ^Z and ^@ work now on the irises
o ^V{^S,^Q,^Z,etc} now works on sgttyb victims
o nopromptclobber changed to nopromptcr
o vi 'u' undo works a little better (?)
o ESC-key bindings aren't screwed up if VISUAL is set to vi
o newline in prompt now works reliably
o vi change and delete work with forward-word/search, etc.
o somewhat suboptimal screen refresh on irises fixed (several seconds
  per character inserted when TERM=xterm??)
o select list printing slightly different
o magic-space's handling of hatchars "fixed"

0.03-1.0:
	- "..../" is now "****/".  I know this isn't backward compatible,
	  but I had no choice; the string "..../" was unquotable.
	- parser was rewritten and improved
	- completion was improved, several bugs fixed (including
	  the "$([tab]" bug)
	- vi mode editing is improved
	- the value of PWD and OLDPWD in the environment now change
	- the PROMPT formatting strings %W and %D now print the month
	  correctly
	- >&2 echo "error message" no longer prints "bad file number"
	- ${foo%pat} no longer alters the value of foo
	- $_ works
	- ALL_EXPORT no longer causes let statements to crash the shell
	- continue works
	- echo $MAIL no longer dumps core if MAIL is null
	- the new tty driver is selected by default
	- the s modifier no longer complains if it can't find the string
	  to substitute
	- list-choices no longer fignores files
	- cd is now smarter about symlinks
	- negative subscripts other than -1 now work
	- $(<filename) works better if filename contains $, ~, or =
	- rehash no longer wastes memory
	- with name=value assignments, name is checked to see if it is
	  a valid identifier
	- !1; !2 no longer eats the semicolon
	- $foo:h never returns the empty string if foo starts with /
	- select crashed with some compilers
	- problems with aliases in <(...) constructs have been fixed
	- links pointing to nowhere are denoted with an '&' in listtypes
	- negative arguments are supported
	- the shell does not screw around with the tty so much
	- lots of other stuff

0.02-0.03:
	- two stupid bugs that were introduced in the last patch were fixed:
	  - multiple command substitution on a line failed
	  - a file descriptor leak caused the shell to crash after a while
	- added 'An Introduction to the Z Shell'
	- behaves properly when the tty session dies suddenly
	- had a serious memory leak on some systems
	- the test and [ builtins have been added, although [[...]]
	  is more efficient
	- in your prompt, %m2 now prints foo.bar, %m3 prints foo.bar.com, etc.
	- the -D and -P options to print have been added
	- the NULLCMD and ZDOTDIR parameters have been added
	- ${*:-foo} works
	- "$@" and "$arr[@]" work like ksh
	- .zprofile is sourced before .zshrc in login shells
	- the CSHJUNKIEQUOTES and PUSHDMINUS options have been added
	- REAL_TTY compilation switch added
	- aliases beginning with a space cause the history line to be junked
	  if HISTIGNORESPACE is set
	- echo prints bad options instead of complaining about them
	- "set -o" no longer dumps core
	- "alias a=alias; date >a" no longer creates a file called "alias"
	- "function foo() \n { date }" is now legal (the () and the newline
	  are allowed)
	- nested brace expressions work properly
	- disabled commands stay disabled after a rehash (or after the shell
	  finishes sourcing your .zshrc)
	- corrected aliases work
	- executables in the currect directory are now completed
	- in "case foo", "foo" is not interpreted as a directory name with autocd
	- aliases were not always interpreted properly after a completion
	- bindkey '^?' didn't work
	- echo ${HOST:-{bar}} didn't work
	- editor update is more efficient in some cases
	- menucomplete works even better
	- assign to an array element "foo[1]=bar" didn't always work
	- doesn't print directories like "~tmp" if HOME=/
	- quotes in case statement patterns caused problems
	- pressing ^C right after typing "fc" caused the editor to share
	  the tty with the shell
	- echo $(echo 2) produced no output, but echo $(echo x) worked fine (weird)

0.01-0.02:
	- added script to convert most csh aliases to zsh aliases or functions
	- fc -l (history) now appears in the history itself; HISTNOSTORE
	  option added to get old behavior
	- the POSIX process group race has been fixed; so 'w | more' should
	  no longer hang
	- FCEDIT added, to match the documentation
	- %{...%} in the prompt added
	- execute-named-cmd and execute-last-named-cmd bindings added
	- sources ~/.zshenv in all shells, even if not interactive, unless
	  -f is given
	- ^ and # are no longer `magic' by default; use EXTENDEDGLOB option
	  to use them
	- now checks for tty sanity before each command
	- if the right side of a variable assignment expands to more than
	  one word, array assignment is assumed; so foo=*.c now works
	- ~foo is no longer expanded in completion
	- select now works even if the argument list is not sorted
	- menucompletebeep option added
	- emacs mode is now 8-bit clean by default; use bindkey -em
	  to get your meta key back
	- fc -R, fc -W added
	- nocorrect added
	- lines from history file are now split into words at spaces
	- glob-complete, accept-and-menu-complete,
	  beginning-of-line-hist, end-of-line-hist bindings added
	- insert-last-word bound to M-. in emacs mode by default; now moves
	  back through the history if run repeatedly
	- J and K now bound to history search in vi mode
	- delete-char no longer core dumps on an empty line
	- menu-complete works better
	- the editor checks the settings of VISUAL and EDITOR to set
	  default bindings
	- using [[ ... ]] expressions on a symbolic link works as expected
	- various problems with globbing were fixed
	- xx is now the same as !! if HISTCHARS=x
	- added config.h entry for compilers that don't know about void *
	- lexical analysis made more efficient
	- "if echo $? ; then : ; fi" no longer always prints 0
	- removed all enums, '\x7f's from code
	- in "case foo in bar) xxx ;; esac", foo and bar are no longer subject
	  to command alias expansion
	- works on platforms where toupper('A') != 'A'
	- \e sequence added to echo
	- + options now work with set
	- AUTORESUME and AUTOCD work better
	- getopts works better (?)
	- spell checking works better
	- "let 2+3=" no longer crashes the shell
	- "foo=bar; echo ${=foo}" no longer crashes the shell
	- "zsh -c" or "zsh -o" no longer causes a core dump
	- "unset MAIL; echo $MAIL" no longer causes a core dump
	- "(xterm&xterm&)&" no longer causes a core dump
	- "echo $HOM[tab]" beeps instead of deleting "$HOM"
	- incremental history search works better
	- the pwd of a fg'd job is now printed _before_ resuming it
	- rv=`echo -n foo` no longer puts garbage in $rv
	- "=1/*" now works as expected
	- ^Z can now be bound to something
	- the STTY parameter and the builtin builtin are now documented
	- IFS=x; foo=`echo foo` no longer puts a newline in $foo
	- $status added for csh compatibility
	- arrays are automatically expanded if you say 'foo[1234]=x'
	- shell now ignores SIGQUIT (it was commented out before :-)
	- the times builtin works on systems where times() returns > 0
	- no longer hangs the terminal if you ^S before flow control
	  is turned off
	- "date ; read foo" now works in interactive shells
	- <<-foo is now parsed as <<- foo, not << -foo
	- fixed various errors in the documentation

0.00-0.01:
	- %M and %m now work as documented.
	- bad things no longer happen if COLUMNS is set to 0
	- SH_WORD_SPLIT and ${=foo} now work
	- the default value of WORDCHARS includes more characters
	- if the cursor is at the end of the line, vi-cmd-mode
	  moves it back one position.
	- delete-char now acts more like x in vi.
	- a "prompt" parameter has been added, which is equivalent to
	  PROMPT and PS1.
	- zsh no longer expands symbolic links.  The CHASELINKS option
	  has been provided to get the old behavior.
	- history searches ignore lines that are the same as the line
	  in the buffer.
	- you can get a literal ! in your prompt now with \!.
	- -z, -n, and != in [[ ... ]] expressions work.
	- the shell no longer hangs when inputting "[[ ]\n"
	- the "menu-complete" and "menu-expand-or-complete" bindings have
	  been added.
	- menu-complete no longer beeps.
	- reverse-menu-complete no longer dumps core if it gets called before
	  a normal completion.
	- typeahead lines are no longer thrown away on machines with sgttyb.
	- !foo no longer matches lines with 'foo' in them (not at the beginning)
	- kill -9 % no longer kills the shell
	- no longer sources .zshrc from shell scripts or with -c
	- no longer needs limits.h, strtol
	- exporting HOSTTYPE, etc. works
	- fixed serious bugs related to . in path
	- numbers in weird bases now work

Known Bugs
	- terminal acts weird under OpenWindows cmdtool
	- xterm run in background inherits bad terminal modes