Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
17e7cea9 C |
1 | .TH TAR 1 "13 January 1983" |
2 | .SH NAME | |
3 | tar \- tape archiver | |
4 | .SH SYNOPSIS | |
5 | .B tar | |
6 | [ key ] [ name ... ] | |
7 | .SH DESCRIPTION | |
8 | .PP | |
9 | .I Tar | |
10 | saves and restores multiple files on a single file (usually a magnetic | |
11 | tape, but it can be any file). | |
12 | .IR Tar 's | |
13 | actions are controlled by the | |
14 | .I key | |
15 | argument. The | |
16 | .I key | |
17 | is a string of characters containing at most one function letter and possibly | |
18 | one or more function modifiers. Other arguments to | |
19 | .I tar | |
20 | are file or directory names specifying which files to dump or restore. | |
21 | In all cases, appearance of a directory name refers to | |
22 | the files and (recursively) subdirectories of that directory. | |
23 | .PP | |
24 | The function portion of the key is specified by one of the following letters: | |
25 | .TP 8 | |
26 | .B r | |
27 | The named files are written on the end of the tape. The | |
28 | .B c | |
29 | function implies this. | |
30 | .TP 8 | |
31 | .B x | |
32 | The named files are extracted from the tape. If the named file | |
33 | matches a directory whose contents had been written onto the tape, this | |
34 | directory is (recursively) extracted. The owner, modification time, and mode | |
35 | are restored (if possible). If no file argument is given, the entire content | |
36 | of the tape is extracted. Note that if multiple entries specifying the same | |
37 | file are on the tape, the last one overwrites all earlier. | |
38 | .TP 8 | |
39 | .B t | |
40 | The names of the specified files are listed each time they occur on | |
41 | the tape. If no file argument is given, all of the names on the tape | |
42 | are listed. | |
43 | .TP 8 | |
44 | .B u | |
45 | The named files are added to the tape if either they are not | |
46 | already there or have been modified since last put on the tape. | |
47 | .TP 8 | |
48 | .B c | |
49 | Create a new tape; writing begins on the beginning of the tape | |
50 | instead of after the last file. This command implies | |
51 | .BR r . | |
52 | .TP 8 | |
53 | .B o | |
54 | On output, tar normally places information specifying owner and modes | |
55 | of directories in the archive. Former versions of tar, when encountering | |
56 | this information will give error message of the form | |
57 | .br | |
58 | "<name>/: cannot create". | |
59 | .br | |
60 | This option will suppress the directory information. | |
61 | .TP 8 | |
62 | .B p | |
63 | This option says to restore files to their original modes, | |
64 | ignoring the present | |
65 | .IR umask (2). | |
66 | Setuid and sticky information | |
67 | will also be restored to the super-user. | |
68 | .PP | |
69 | The following characters may be used in addition to the letter | |
70 | which selects the function desired. | |
71 | .TP 10 | |
72 | .B 0, ..., 9 | |
73 | This modifier selects an alternate drive on which the tape is mounted. | |
74 | The default is drive 0 at 1600 bpi, which is normally /dev/rmt8. | |
75 | .TP 10 | |
76 | .B v | |
77 | Normally | |
78 | .I tar | |
79 | does its work silently. The | |
80 | .B v | |
81 | (verbose) option make | |
82 | .I tar | |
83 | type the name of each file it treats preceded by the function | |
84 | letter. With the | |
85 | .B t | |
86 | function, the verbose option | |
87 | gives more information about the tape entries than just their names. | |
88 | .TP 10 | |
89 | .B w | |
90 | .I Tar | |
91 | prints the action to be taken followed by file name, then | |
92 | wait for user confirmation. If a word beginning with `y' | |
93 | is given, the action is done. Any other input means don't do it. | |
94 | .TP 10 | |
95 | .B f | |
96 | .I Tar | |
97 | uses the next argument as the name of the archive instead of | |
98 | /dev/rmt?. If the name of the file is `\-', tar writes to standard output or | |
99 | reads from standard input, whichever is appropriate. Thus, | |
100 | .I tar | |
101 | can be used as the head or tail of a filter chain. | |
102 | .I Tar | |
103 | can also be used to move hierarchies with the command | |
104 | .ce 1 | |
105 | cd fromdir; tar cf - . | (cd todir; tar xf -) | |
106 | .TP 10 | |
107 | .B b | |
108 | .I Tar | |
109 | uses the next argument as the blocking factor for tape records. The | |
110 | default is 20 (the maximum). This option should only be used with raw magnetic | |
111 | tape archives (See | |
112 | .B f | |
113 | above). The block size is determined automatically | |
114 | when reading tapes (key letters `x' and `t'). | |
115 | .TP 10 | |
116 | .B l | |
117 | tells | |
118 | .I tar | |
119 | to complain if it cannot resolve all of the links to the | |
120 | files dumped. If this is not specified, no error messages are printed. | |
121 | .TP 10 | |
122 | .B m | |
123 | tells | |
124 | .I tar | |
125 | not to restore the modification times. The modification time | |
126 | will be the time of extraction. | |
127 | .TP 10 | |
128 | .B h | |
129 | Force | |
130 | .I tar | |
131 | to follow symbolic links as if they were normal files or | |
132 | directories. Normally, | |
133 | .I tar | |
134 | does not follow symbolic links. | |
135 | .TP 10 | |
136 | .B B | |
137 | Forces input and output blocking to 20 blocks per record. This option | |
138 | was added so that | |
139 | .I tar | |
140 | can work across a communications channel where the blocking may not | |
141 | be maintained. | |
142 | .PP | |
143 | If a file name is preceded by | |
144 | .BR \-C , | |
145 | then | |
146 | .I tar | |
147 | will perform a | |
148 | .IR chdir (2) | |
149 | to that file name. This allows multiple directories not | |
150 | related by a close common parent to be archived using short | |
151 | relative path names. For example, to archive files from /usr/include | |
152 | and from /etc, one might use | |
153 | .ti +0.5i | |
154 | tar c -C /usr include -C / etc | |
155 | .PP | |
156 | Previous restrictions dealing with | |
157 | .IR tar 's | |
158 | inability to properly handle blocked archives have been lifted. | |
159 | .PP | |
160 | .SH FILES | |
161 | /dev/rmt? | |
162 | .br | |
163 | /tmp/tar* | |
164 | .SH DIAGNOSTICS | |
165 | Complaints about bad key characters and tape read/write errors. | |
166 | .br | |
167 | Complaints if enough memory is not available to hold the link tables. | |
168 | .SH BUGS | |
169 | There is no way to ask for the | |
170 | .IR n -th | |
171 | occurrence of a file. | |
172 | .br | |
173 | Tape errors are handled ungracefully. | |
174 | .br | |
175 | The | |
176 | .B u | |
177 | option can be slow. | |
178 | .br | |
179 | The current limit on file name length is 100 characters. | |
180 | .br | |
181 | There is no way to selectively follow symbolic links. |