Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
8340f87c BJ |
1 | .NH |
2 | Indents and Line Lengths | |
3 | .PP | |
4 | .UL troff | |
5 | starts with a line length of 6.5 inches, | |
6 | too wide for 8\(12\(mu11 paper. | |
7 | To reset the line length, | |
8 | use | |
9 | the | |
10 | .BD .ll | |
11 | command, as in | |
12 | .P1 | |
13 | ^ll 6i | |
14 | .P2 | |
15 | As with | |
16 | .BD .sp , | |
17 | the actual length can be specified in several ways; | |
18 | inches are probably the most intuitive. | |
19 | .PP | |
20 | The maximum line length provided by the typesetter is 7.5 inches, by the way. | |
21 | To use the full width, you will have to reset the default physical left margin (``page offset''), | |
22 | which is normally slightly less than one inch from the left edge | |
23 | of the paper. | |
24 | This is done by the | |
25 | .BD .po | |
26 | command. | |
27 | .P1 | |
28 | ^po 0 | |
29 | .P2 | |
30 | sets the offset as far to the left as it will go. | |
31 | .WS | |
32 | .PP | |
33 | The indent command | |
34 | .BD .in | |
35 | causes the left margin to be indented | |
36 | by some specified amount from the page offset. | |
37 | If we use | |
38 | .BD .in | |
39 | to move the left margin in, | |
40 | and | |
41 | .BD .ll | |
42 | to move the right margin to the left, | |
43 | we can | |
44 | make offset blocks of text: | |
45 | .P1 | |
46 | ^in 0.3i | |
47 | ^ll \(mi0.3i | |
48 | text to be set into a block | |
49 | ^ll +0.3i | |
50 | ^in \(mi0.3i | |
51 | .P2 | |
52 | will create a block that looks like this: | |
53 | .P1 | |
54 | .fi | |
55 | .ll -0.3i | |
56 | Pater noster qui est in caelis sanctificetur nomen tuum; | |
57 | adveniat regnum tuum; fiat voluntas tua, sicut in caelo, | |
58 | et in terra. ... | |
59 | Amen. | |
60 | .ll +0.3i | |
61 | .P2 | |
62 | Notice the use of `+' and `\(mi' | |
63 | to specify the amount of change. | |
64 | These change the previous setting by the specified amount, | |
65 | rather than just overriding it. | |
66 | The distinction is quite important: | |
67 | .BD .ll\ +1i | |
68 | makes lines one inch longer; | |
69 | .BD .ll\ 1i | |
70 | makes them one inch | |
71 | .ul | |
72 | long. | |
73 | .PP | |
74 | With | |
75 | .BD .in , | |
76 | .BD .ll | |
77 | and | |
78 | .BD .po , | |
79 | the previous value is used if no argument is specified. | |
80 | .PP | |
81 | To indent a single line, use the `temporary indent' | |
82 | command | |
83 | .BD .ti . | |
84 | For example, all paragraphs in this memo | |
85 | effectively begin with the command | |
86 | .P1 | |
87 | ^ti 3 | |
88 | .P2 | |
89 | Three of what? | |
90 | The default unit for | |
91 | .BD .ti , | |
92 | as for most horizontally oriented commands | |
93 | .BD .ll , ( | |
94 | .BD .in , | |
95 | .BD .po ), | |
96 | is ems; | |
97 | an em is roughly the width of the letter `m' | |
98 | in the current point size. | |
99 | (Precisely, a em in size | |
100 | .ul | |
101 | p | |
102 | is | |
103 | .ul | |
104 | p | |
105 | points.) | |
106 | Although inches are usually clearer than ems to people who don't set type | |
107 | for a living, | |
108 | ems have a place: | |
109 | they are a measure of size that is proportional to the current point size. | |
110 | If you want to make text that keeps its proportions | |
111 | regardless of point size, | |
112 | you should use ems for all dimensions. | |
113 | Ems can be specified as scale factors directly, | |
114 | as in | |
115 | .BD .ti\ 2.5m . | |
116 | .PP | |
117 | Lines can also be indented negatively | |
118 | if the indent is already positive: | |
119 | .P1 | |
120 | ^ti \(mi0.3i | |
121 | .P2 | |
122 | causes the next line to be moved back three tenths of an inch. | |
123 | Thus to make a decorative initial capital, | |
124 | we indent the whole paragraph, then move the letter `P' back with | |
125 | a | |
126 | .BD .ti | |
127 | command: | |
128 | .P1 | |
129 | .ll -0.3i | |
130 | .fi | |
131 | .in +.3i | |
132 | .ti -0.3i | |
133 | \s36\v'2'P\v'-2'\s0ater noster qui est in caelis sanctificetur | |
134 | nomen tuum; | |
135 | adveniat regnum tuum; | |
136 | 'in -.3i | |
137 | fiat voluntas tua, | |
138 | sicut in caelo, et in terra. ... | |
139 | Amen. | |
140 | .ll +0.3i | |
141 | .P2 | |
142 | Of course, there is also some trickery to make the `P' | |
143 | bigger (just a `\es36P\es0'), | |
144 | and to move it | |
145 | down from its normal position | |
146 | (see the section on local motions). |