[unix-history] / usr / doc / eqn / g0

.EQ
delim $$
.EN
\".ND "June 2, 1976"
.RP
\".TM "76-1273-4 76-1271-4" 39199 39199-11
.TL
Typesetting Mathematics _ User's Guide
\&\ \ \ \ \ (Second\ Edition)
.AU 2C-518 6021
Brian W. Kernighan and Lorinda L. Cherry
.AI
.MH
.AB
.in
.ll
.PP
This is the user's guide for a system for typesetting
mathematics,
using
the phototypesetters on the
.UX
and
.UC GCOS
operating systems.
.PP
Mathematical expressions are described in a language
designed to be easy to use
by people who know neither mathematics nor typesetting.
Enough of the language to set in-line expressions like
$lim from {x-> pi /2} ( tan~x) sup{sin~2x}~=~1$
or display equations like
.in .5i
.EQ I
G(z)~mark =~ e sup { ln ~ G(z) }
~=~ exp left ( 
sum from k>=1 {S sub k z sup k} over k right )
~=~  prod from k>=1 e sup {S sub k z sup k /k}
.EN
.EQ I
lineup = left ( 1 + S sub 1 z + 
{ S sub 1 sup 2 z sup 2 } over 2! + ... right )
left ( 1+ { S sub 2 z sup 2 } over 2
+ { S sub 2 sup 2 z sup 4 } over { 2 sup 2 cdot 2! }
+ ... right ) ...
.EN
.EQ I
lineup =  sum from m>=0 left (
sum from
pile { k sub 1 ,k sub 2 ,..., k sub m  >=0
above
k sub 1 +2k sub 2 + ... +mk sub m =m}
{ S sub 1 sup {k sub 1} } over {1 sup k sub 1 k sub 1 ! } ~
{ S sub 2 sup {k sub 2} } over {2 sup k sub 2 k sub 2 ! } ~
...
{ S sub m sup {k sub m} } over {m sup k sub m k sub m ! } 
right ) z sup m
.EN
.in 0
can be learned in an hour or so.
.PP
The language interfaces directly with
the phototypesetting language
.UC TROFF ,
so mathematical expressions can be embedded in the running
text
of a manuscript,
and the entire document produced in one process.
This user's guide is an example of its output.
.PP
The same language
may be used with the 
.UC UNIX
formatter
.UC NROFF
to set mathematical expressions on 
.UC DASI
and
.UC GSI
terminals
and Model 37 teletypes.
.AE
.CS 11 0 11 0 0 3
Commit	Line	Data
8340f87c BJ	1	.EQ
	2	delim $$
	3	.EN
	4	\".ND "June 2, 1976"
	5	.RP
	6	\".TM "76-1273-4 76-1271-4" 39199 39199-11
	7	.TL
	8	Typesetting Mathematics _ User's Guide
	9	\&\ \ \ \ \ (Second\ Edition)
	10	.AU 2C-518 6021
	11	Brian W. Kernighan and Lorinda L. Cherry
	12	.AI
	13	.MH
	14	.AB
	15	.in
	16	.ll
	17	.PP
	18	This is the user's guide for a system for typesetting
	19	mathematics,
	20	using
	21	the phototypesetters on the
	22	.UX
	23	and
	24	.UC GCOS
	25	operating systems.
	26	.PP
	27	Mathematical expressions are described in a language
	28	designed to be easy to use
	29	by people who know neither mathematics nor typesetting.
	30	Enough of the language to set in-line expressions like
	31	$lim from {x-> pi /2} ( tan~x) sup{sin~2x}~=~1$
	32	or display equations like
	33	.in .5i
	34	.EQ I
	35	G(z)~mark =~ e sup { ln ~ G(z) }
	36	~=~ exp left (
	37	sum from k>=1 {S sub k z sup k} over k right )
	38	~=~ prod from k>=1 e sup {S sub k z sup k /k}
	39	.EN
	40	.EQ I
	41	lineup = left ( 1 + S sub 1 z +
	42	{ S sub 1 sup 2 z sup 2 } over 2! + ... right )
	43	left ( 1+ { S sub 2 z sup 2 } over 2
	44	+ { S sub 2 sup 2 z sup 4 } over { 2 sup 2 cdot 2! }
	45	+ ... right ) ...
	46	.EN
	47	.EQ I
	48	lineup = sum from m>=0 left (
	49	sum from
	50	pile { k sub 1 ,k sub 2 ,..., k sub m >=0
	51	above
	52	k sub 1 +2k sub 2 + ... +mk sub m =m}
	53	{ S sub 1 sup {k sub 1} } over {1 sup k sub 1 k sub 1 ! } ~
	54	{ S sub 2 sup {k sub 2} } over {2 sup k sub 2 k sub 2 ! } ~
	55	...
	56	{ S sub m sup {k sub m} } over {m sup k sub m k sub m ! }
	57	right ) z sup m
	58	.EN
	59	.in 0
	60	can be learned in an hour or so.
	61	.PP
	62	The language interfaces directly with
	63	the phototypesetting language
	64	.UC TROFF ,
65	so mathematical expressions can be embedded in the running
66	text
67	of a manuscript,
68	and the entire document produced in one process.
69	This user's guide is an example of its output.
70	.PP
71	The same language
72	may be used with the
73	.UC UNIX
74	formatter
75	.UC NROFF
76	to set mathematical expressions on
77	.UC DASI
78	and
79	.UC GSI
80	terminals
81	and Model 37 teletypes.
82	.AE
83	.CS 11 0 11 0 0 3