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15637ed4 RG |
1 | /* |
2 | * Copyright (c) 1985 Regents of the University of California. | |
3 | * All rights reserved. | |
4 | * | |
5 | * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without | |
6 | * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions | |
7 | * are met: | |
8 | * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright | |
9 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | |
10 | * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright | |
11 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the | |
12 | * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | |
13 | * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software | |
14 | * must display the following acknowledgement: | |
15 | * This product includes software developed by the University of | |
16 | * California, Berkeley and its contributors. | |
17 | * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors | |
18 | * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software | |
19 | * without specific prior written permission. | |
20 | * | |
21 | * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND | |
22 | * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE | |
23 | * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE | |
24 | * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE | |
25 | * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL | |
26 | * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS | |
27 | * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) | |
28 | * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT | |
29 | * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY | |
30 | * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF | |
31 | * SUCH DAMAGE. | |
32 | */ | |
33 | ||
34 | #ifndef lint | |
35 | static char sccsid[] = "@(#)cbrt.c 5.9 (Berkeley) 2/13/91"; | |
36 | #endif /* not lint */ | |
37 | ||
38 | #include <sys/cdefs.h> | |
39 | ||
40 | /* kahan's cube root (53 bits IEEE double precision) | |
41 | * for IEEE machines only | |
42 | * coded in C by K.C. Ng, 4/30/85 | |
43 | * | |
44 | * Accuracy: | |
45 | * better than 0.667 ulps according to an error analysis. Maximum | |
46 | * error observed was 0.666 ulps in an 1,000,000 random arguments test. | |
47 | * | |
48 | * Warning: this code is semi machine dependent; the ordering of words in | |
49 | * a floating point number must be known in advance. I assume that the | |
50 | * long interger at the address of a floating point number will be the | |
51 | * leading 32 bits of that floating point number (i.e., sign, exponent, | |
52 | * and the 20 most significant bits). | |
53 | * On a National machine, it has different ordering; therefore, this code | |
54 | * must be compiled with flag -DNATIONAL. | |
55 | */ | |
56 | #if !defined(vax)&&!defined(tahoe) | |
57 | ||
58 | static const unsigned long | |
59 | B1 = 715094163, /* B1 = (682-0.03306235651)*2**20 */ | |
60 | B2 = 696219795; /* B2 = (664-0.03306235651)*2**20 */ | |
61 | static const double | |
62 | C= 19./35., | |
63 | D= -864./1225., | |
64 | E= 99./70., | |
65 | F= 45./28., | |
66 | G= 5./14.; | |
67 | ||
68 | double cbrt(x) | |
69 | double x; | |
70 | { | |
71 | double r,s,t=0.0,w; | |
72 | unsigned long *px = (unsigned long *) &x, | |
73 | *pt = (unsigned long *) &t, | |
74 | mexp,sign; | |
75 | ||
76 | #ifdef national /* ordering of words in a floating points number */ | |
77 | const int n0=1,n1=0; | |
78 | #else /* national */ | |
79 | const int n0=0,n1=1; | |
80 | #endif /* national */ | |
81 | ||
82 | mexp=px[n0]&0x7ff00000; | |
83 | if(mexp==0x7ff00000) return(x); /* cbrt(NaN,INF) is itself */ | |
84 | if(x==0.0) return(x); /* cbrt(0) is itself */ | |
85 | ||
86 | sign=px[n0]&0x80000000; /* sign= sign(x) */ | |
87 | px[n0] ^= sign; /* x=|x| */ | |
88 | ||
89 | ||
90 | /* rough cbrt to 5 bits */ | |
91 | if(mexp==0) /* subnormal number */ | |
92 | {pt[n0]=0x43500000; /* set t= 2**54 */ | |
93 | t*=x; pt[n0]=pt[n0]/3+B2; | |
94 | } | |
95 | else | |
96 | pt[n0]=px[n0]/3+B1; | |
97 | ||
98 | ||
99 | /* new cbrt to 23 bits, may be implemented in single precision */ | |
100 | r=t*t/x; | |
101 | s=C+r*t; | |
102 | t*=G+F/(s+E+D/s); | |
103 | ||
104 | /* chopped to 20 bits and make it larger than cbrt(x) */ | |
105 | pt[n1]=0; pt[n0]+=0x00000001; | |
106 | ||
107 | ||
108 | /* one step newton iteration to 53 bits with error less than 0.667 ulps */ | |
109 | s=t*t; /* t*t is exact */ | |
110 | r=x/s; | |
111 | w=t+t; | |
112 | r=(r-t)/(w+r); /* r-t is exact */ | |
113 | t=t+t*r; | |
114 | ||
115 | ||
116 | /* retore the sign bit */ | |
117 | pt[n0] |= sign; | |
118 | return(t); | |
119 | } | |
120 | #endif |