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BC(1)			    UNIX Reference Manual			 BC(1)

N\bNA\bAM\bME\bE
     b\bbc\bc - arbitrary-precision arithmetic language and calculator

S\bSY\bYN\bNO\bOP\bPS\bSI\bIS\bS
     b\bbc\bc [-\b-c\bc] [-\b-l\bl] [_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be ...]

D\bDE\bES\bSC\bCR\bRI\bIP\bPT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
     B\bBc\bc is an interactive processor for a language which resembles C but pro-
     vides unlimited precision arithmetic.  It takes input from any files
     given, then reads the standard input.  The

     -\b-l\bl        allow specification of an arbitrary precision math library.

     -\b-c\bc        B\bBc\bc is actually a preprocessor for _\bd_\bc _\b1, which it invokes au-
	       tomatically, unless the -\b-c\bc compile only.  option is present.
	       In this case the _\bd_\bc input is sent to the standard output in-
	       stead.

     The syntax for b\bbc\bc programs is as follows; L means letter a-z, E means ex-
     pression, S means statement.

     Comments
	   are enclosed in /* and */.

     Names
	   simple variables: L
	   array elements: L [ E ]
	   The words `ibase', `obase', and `scale'

     Other operands
	   arbitrarily long numbers with optional sign and decimal point.
	   ( E )
	   sqrt ( E )
	   length ( E )   number of significant decimal digits
	   scale ( E )	  number of digits right of decimal point
	   L ( E , ... , E )

     Operators
	   +  -  *  /  %  ^ (% is remainder; ^ is power)
	   ++	--	   (prefix and postfix; apply to names)
	   ==  <=  >=  !=  <  >
	   =  +=  -=  *=  /=  %=  ^=

     Statements
	   E
	   { S ; ... ; S }
	   if ( E ) S
	   while ( E ) S
	   for ( E ; E ; E ) S
	   null statement
	   break
	   quit

     Function definitions
	   define L ( L ,..., L ) {
		auto L, ... , L
		S; ... S
		return ( E )
	   }

     Functions in -\b-l\bl math library

	   s(x)     sine
	   c(x)     cosine
	   e(x)     exponential
	   l(x)     log
	   a(x)     arctangent
	   j(n,x)   Bessel function


     All function arguments are passed by value.

     The value of a statement that is an expression is printed unless the main
     operator is an assignment.  Either semicolons or newlines may separate
     statements.  Assignment to _\bs_\bc_\ba_\bl_\be influences the number of digits to be
     retained on arithmetic operations in the manner of dc(1).	Assignments to
     _\bi_\bb_\ba_\bs_\be or _\bo_\bb_\ba_\bs_\be set the input and output number radix respectively.

     The same letter may be used as an array, a function, and a simple vari-
     able simultaneously.  All variables are global to the program.  `Auto'
     variables are pushed down during function calls.  When using arrays as
     function arguments or defining them as automatic variables empty square
     brackets must follow the array name.

     For example

	   scale = 20
	   define e(x){
		auto a, b, c, i, s
		a = 1
		b = 1
		s = 1
		for(i=1; 1==1; i++){
		     a = a*x
		     b = b*i
		     c = a/b
		     if(c == 0) return(s)
		     s = s+c
		}
	   }

     defines a function to compute an approximate value of the exponential
     function and

	   for(i=1; i<=10; i++) e(i)

     prints approximate values of the exponential function of the first ten
     integers.

F\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bS
     _\bd_\bc(_\b1)     _\bd_\be_\bs_\bk _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bc_\bu_\bl_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br _\bp_\br_\bo_\bp_\be_\br


S\bSE\bEE\bE A\bAL\bLS\bSO\bO
     dc(1)
     L. L. Cherry and R. Morris, _\bB_\bC - _\bA_\bn _\ba_\br_\bb_\bi_\bt_\br_\ba_\br_\by _\bp_\br_\be_\bc_\bi_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bd_\be_\bs_\bk-_\bc_\ba_\bl_\bc_\bu_\bl_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br
     _\bl_\ba_\bn_\bg_\bu_\ba_\bg_\be

H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
     The b\bbc\bc command appeared in Version 7 AT&T UNIX.

B\bBU\bUG\bGS\bS
     No &&, |\(or, or ! operators.
     `For' statement must have all three E's.
     `Quit' is interpreted when read, not when executed.
Commit	Line	Data
b2cd844e C	1	BC(1) UNIX Reference Manual BC(1)
	2
	3	N\bNA\bAM\bME\bE
	4	b\bbc\bc - arbitrary-precision arithmetic language and calculator
	5
	6	S\bSY\bYN\bNO\bOP\bPS\bSI\bIS\bS
	7	b\bbc\bc [-\b-c\bc] [-\b-l\bl] [_\bf_\bi_\bl_\be ...]
	8
	9	D\bDE\bES\bSC\bCR\bRI\bIP\bPT\bTI\bIO\bON\bN
	10	B\bBc\bc is an interactive processor for a language which resembles C but pro-
	11	vides unlimited precision arithmetic. It takes input from any files
	12	given, then reads the standard input. The
	13
	14	-\b-l\bl allow specification of an arbitrary precision math library.
	15
	16	-\b-c\bc B\bBc\bc is actually a preprocessor for _\bd_\bc _\b1, which it invokes au-
	17	tomatically, unless the -\b-c\bc compile only. option is present.
	18	In this case the _\bd_\bc input is sent to the standard output in-
	19	stead.
	20
	21	The syntax for b\bbc\bc programs is as follows; L means letter a-z, E means ex-
	22	pression, S means statement.
	23
	24	Comments
	25	are enclosed in /* and */.
	26
	27	Names
	28	simple variables: L
	29	array elements: L [ E ]
	30	The words `ibase', `obase', and `scale'
	31
	32	Other operands
	33	arbitrarily long numbers with optional sign and decimal point.
	34	( E )
	35	sqrt ( E )
	36	length ( E ) number of significant decimal digits
	37	scale ( E ) number of digits right of decimal point
	38	L ( E , ... , E )
	39
	40	Operators
	41	+ - * / % ^ (% is remainder; ^ is power)
	42	++ -- (prefix and postfix; apply to names)
	43	== <= >= != < >
	44	= += -= *= /= %= ^=
	45
	46	Statements
	47	E
	48	{ S ; ... ; S }
	49	if ( E ) S
	50	while ( E ) S
	51	for ( E ; E ; E ) S
	52	null statement
	53	break
	54	quit
	55
	56	Function definitions
	57	define L ( L ,..., L ) {
	58	auto L, ... , L
	59	S; ... S
	60	return ( E )
	61	}
	62
	63	Functions in -\b-l\bl math library
	64
65	s(x) sine
66	c(x) cosine
67	e(x) exponential
68	l(x) log
69	a(x) arctangent
70	j(n,x) Bessel function
71
72
73	All function arguments are passed by value.
74
75	The value of a statement that is an expression is printed unless the main
76	operator is an assignment. Either semicolons or newlines may separate
77	statements. Assignment to _\bs_\bc_\ba_\bl_\be influences the number of digits to be
78	retained on arithmetic operations in the manner of dc(1). Assignments to
79	_\bi_\bb_\ba_\bs_\be or _\bo_\bb_\ba_\bs_\be set the input and output number radix respectively.
80
81	The same letter may be used as an array, a function, and a simple vari-
82	able simultaneously. All variables are global to the program. `Auto'
83	variables are pushed down during function calls. When using arrays as
84	function arguments or defining them as automatic variables empty square
85	brackets must follow the array name.
86
87	For example
88
89	scale = 20
90	define e(x){
91	auto a, b, c, i, s
92	a = 1
93	b = 1
94	s = 1
95	for(i=1; 1==1; i++){
96	a = a*x
97	b = b*i
98	c = a/b
99	if(c == 0) return(s)
100	s = s+c
101	}
102	}
103
104	defines a function to compute an approximate value of the exponential
105	function and
106
107	for(i=1; i<=10; i++) e(i)
108
109	prints approximate values of the exponential function of the first ten
110	integers.
111
112	F\bFI\bIL\bLE\bES\bS
113	_\bd_\bc(_\b1) _\bd_\be_\bs_\bk _\bc_\ba_\bl_\bc_\bu_\bl_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br _\bp_\br_\bo_\bp_\be_\br
114
115
116	S\bSE\bEE\bE A\bAL\bLS\bSO\bO
117	dc(1)
118	L. L. Cherry and R. Morris, _\bB_\bC - _\bA_\bn _\ba_\br_\bb_\bi_\bt_\br_\ba_\br_\by _\bp_\br_\be_\bc_\bi_\bs_\bi_\bo_\bn _\bd_\be_\bs_\bk-_\bc_\ba_\bl_\bc_\bu_\bl_\ba_\bt_\bo_\br
119	_\bl_\ba_\bn_\bg_\bu_\ba_\bg_\be
120
121	H\bHI\bIS\bST\bTO\bOR\bRY\bY
122	The b\bbc\bc command appeared in Version 7 AT&T UNIX.
123
124	B\bBU\bUG\bGS\bS
125	No &&, \|\(or, or ! operators.
126	`For' statement must have all three E's.
127	`Quit' is interpreted when read, not when executed.