Sendmail 8.1c -> 8.3 (From NetBSD with hacked Makefiles)

[unix-history] / usr.sbin / sendmail / doc / op / op.ps

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160.2 R 1.078(The second part is actually doing the installation, i.e., creati\
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188.4 R 1.431(of the e)87 200.4 R 1.432(xisting con\214gurations and that the \
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445.8 Q -.1(wa)189 457.8 S 3.54(st).1 G 1.041
(he preferred format prior to 4.4BSD.)210.77 457.8 R 1.041(It allo)6.041 F
1.041(ws such comple)-.25 F 3.541(xt)-.15 G 1.041(hings as)470.459 457.8 R
(multiple databases and closing a currently open database.)189 469.8 Q 32.84
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232.608 486 R(ele)-.1 E 4.624 -.65(y. I)-.15 H 3.324(fy).65 G .824(ou ha)
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(After making the local system con\214guration described abo)142 112.2 R -.15
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437.48 126.2 Q F0(sendmail/sr)3.37 E(c)-.18 E F1(directory)117 138.2 Q 5(.Y)
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(This should install the binary in /usr/sbin and create links from /usr/bin/ne)
117 170.6 R -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.345(liases and).1 F 1.576
(/usr/bin/mailq to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)117 182.6 R 1.577
(On 4.4BSD systems it will also format and install man)6.576 F(pages.)117 194.6
Q F0 2.5(1.2. Con\214guration)87 218.6 R(Files)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(Sendmail)127 234.8 Q F1 .355(cannot operate without a con\214guration \214le.)
2.855 F .355(The con\214guration de\214nes the mail sys-)5.355 F .286
(tems understood at this site, ho)102 246.8 R 2.786(wt)-.25 G 2.786(oa)239.854
246.8 S .286(ccess them, ho)252.08 246.8 R 2.786(wt)-.25 G 2.786(of)323.788
246.8 S(orw)334.904 246.8 Q .286(ard email to remote mail systems, and)-.1 F
3.114(an)102 258.8 S .614(umber of tuning parameters.)114.554 258.8 R .614
(This con\214guration \214le is detailed in the later portion of this docu-)
5.614 F(ment.)102 270.8 Q(The)127 287 Q F3(sendmail)2.764 E F1 .264
(con\214guration can be daunting at \214rst.)2.764 F .264(The w)5.264 F .264
(orld is comple)-.1 F .264(x, and the mail con-)-.15 F .109
(\214guration re\215ects that.)102 299 R .109(The distrib)5.109 F .108
(ution includes an m4-based con\214guration package that hides a lot)-.2 F
(of the comple)102 311 Q(xity)-.15 E(.)-.65 E .47
(These con\214guration \214les are simpler than old v)127 327.2 R .47
(ersions lar)-.15 F .47(gely because the w)-.18 F .47(orld has become)-.1 F
1.449(simpler; in particular)102 339.2 R 3.949(,t)-.4 G -.15(ex)197.607 339.2 S
1.449(t-based host \214les are of).15 F 1.448(\214cially eliminated, ob)-.25 F
1.448(viating the need to \231hide\232)-.15 F(hosts behind a re)102 351.2 Q
(gistered internet g)-.15 E(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G -.65(y.).1 G .092(These \
\214les also assume that most of your neighbors use domain-based UUCP addressi\
ng; that)127 367.4 R .361(is, instead of naming hosts as \231host!user\232 the)
102 379.4 R 2.861(yw)-.15 G .361(ill use \231host.domain!user\232.)299.438
379.4 R .36(The con\214guration \214les)5.36 F(can be customized to w)102 391.4
Q(ork around this, b)-.1 E(ut it is more comple)-.2 E(x.)-.15 E 2.828(Ih)127
407.6 S -2.25 -.2(av e)138.158 407.6 T(n').2 E 2.828(tt)-.18 G .328
(ested these yet on an isolated LAN en)168.226 407.6 R .328
(vironment with a single UUCP connection to)-.4 F 4.409(the outside w)102 419.6
R 6.909(orld. If)-.1 F 4.409(you are in such an en)6.909 F 4.408
(vironment, please send comments to send-)-.4 F(mail@ok)102 431.6 Q(eef)-.1 E
(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65 E .657
(Our con\214guration \214les are processed by)127 447.8 R F3(m4)3.158 E F1 .658
(to f)3.158 F .658(acilitate local customization; the directory)-.1 F F3(cf)
3.158 E F1 .397(of the sendmail distrib)102 459.8 R .396
(ution directory contains the source \214les.)-.2 F .396
(This directory contains se)5.396 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .396(ral sub-).15 F
(directories:)102 471.8 Q 61.73(cf Both)102 488 R .56
(site-dependent and site-independent descriptions of hosts.)3.06 F .56
(These can be lit-)5.56 F .445(eral host names \(e.g., \231ucb)174 500 R -.25
(va)-.15 G .445(x.mc\232\) when the hosts are g).25 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G
.445(ys or more general).1 F 3.589(descriptions \(such as \231tcpproto.mc\232 \
as a general description of an SMTP-)174 512 R .536(connected host or \231uucp\
proto.mc\232 as a general description of a UUCP-connected)174 524 R 3.291
(host\). Files)174 536 R(ending)3.291 E F0(.mc)3.291 E F1(\(`)3.291 E .791
(`Master Con\214guration')-.74 F .791('\) are the input descriptions; the)-.74
F 2.14(output is in the corresponding)174 548 R F0(.cf)4.64 E F1 4.64
(\214le. The)4.64 F 2.14(general structure of these \214les is)4.64 F
(described belo)174 560 Q -.65(w.)-.25 G 39.5(domain Site-dependent)102 576.2 R
.428(subdomain descriptions.)2.928 F .428(These are tied to the w)5.428 F .428
(ay your or)-.1 F -.05(ga)-.18 G(niza-).05 E .292(tion w)174 588.2 R .292
(ants to do addressing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.292 G 2.792(re).15 G(xample,)313.122
588.2 Q F0(domain/cs.exposed.m4)2.792 E F1 .292(is our descrip-)2.792 F .442
(tion for hosts in the CS.Berk)174 600.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .443
(EDU subdomain that w).65 F .443(ant their indi)-.1 F .443(vidual host-)-.25 F
.963(name to be e)174 612.2 R .963(xternally visible;)-.15 F F0
(domain/cs.hidden.m4)3.463 E F1 .963(is the same e)3.463 F .962(xcept that the)
-.15 F 2.627(hostname is hidden \(e)174 624.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628
(rything looks lik).15 F 5.128(ei)-.1 G 5.128(tc)362.036 624.2 S 2.628
(omes from CS.Berk)374.384 624.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\).).65 E
(These are referenced using the)174 636.2 Q/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(DOMAIN)2.5 E
F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro in the)2.5 E F0(.mc)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E 41.74
(feature De\214nitions)102 652.4 R .728
(of speci\214c features that some particular host in your site might w)3.229 F
(ant.)-.1 E 2.466(These are referenced using the)174 664.4 R F4(FEA)4.966 E
(TURE)-.999 E F0(m4)4.966 E F1 4.966(macro. An)4.966 F -.15(ex)4.967 G 2.467
(ample feature is).15 F 1.316(use_cw_\214le \(which tells sendmail to read an \
/etc/sendmail.cw \214le on startup to)174 676.4 R .32 LW 76 686 72 686 DL 80
686 76 686 DL 84 686 80 686 DL 88 686 84 686 DL 92 686 88 686 DL 96 686 92 686
DL 100 686 96 686 DL 104 686 100 686 DL 108 686 104 686 DL 112 686 108 686 DL
116 686 112 686 DL 120 686 116 686 DL 124 686 120 686 DL 128 686 124 686 DL 132
686 128 686 DL 136 686 132 686 DL 140 686 136 686 DL 144 686 140 686 DL 148 686
144 686 DL 152 686 148 686 DL 156 686 152 686 DL 160 686 156 686 DL 164 686 160
686 DL 168 686 164 686 DL 172 686 168 686 DL 176 686 172 686 DL 180 686 176 686
DL 184 686 180 686 DL 188 686 184 686 DL 192 686 188 686 DL 196 686 192 686 DL
200 686 196 686 DL 204 686 200 686 DL 208 686 204 686 DL 212 686 208 686 DL 216
686 212 686 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)93.6 696.4 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(where you may ha)3.2 I .24 -.12(ve t)-.16 H 2(or).12 G(eplace \231mak)175.132
699.6 Q(e\232 with \231mak)-.08 E 2<65ad>-.08 G 2(fM)267.452 699.6 S(ak)279.228
699.6 Q(e\214le.dist\232 as appropriate.)-.08 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-7)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(\214nd the set of local names\).)
174 96 Q 50.62(hack Local)102 112.2 R 1.886(hacks, referenced using the)4.386 F
/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(HA)4.386 E(CK)-.36 E F0(m4)4.386 E F1 4.386(macro. T)
4.386 F 1.886(ry to a)-.35 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.886(id these.).2 F(The)6.887 E
(point of ha)174 124.2 Q(ving them here is to mak)-.2 E 2.5(ei)-.1 G 2.5(tc)
325.91 124.2 S(lear that the)335.63 124.2 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(mell.)394.08 124.2 Q
56.72(m4 Site-independent)102 140.4 R/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(m4)2.538 E F1
.038(\(1\) include \214les that ha)B .338 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .038
(nformation common to all con\214gu-).15 F(ration \214les.)174 152.4 Q
(This can be thought of as a \231#include\232 directory)5 E(.)-.65 E 43.95
(mailer De\214nitions)102 168.6 R .917(of mailers, referenced using the)3.417 F
F2(MAILER)3.417 E F0(m4)3.417 E F1 3.418(macro. De\214ned)3.418 F(mailer)3.418
E(types in this distrib)174 180.6 Q(ution are f)-.2 E
(ax, local, smtp, uucp, and usenet.)-.1 E 43.39(ostype De\214nitions)102 196.8
R 1.157(describing v)3.657 F 1.157(arious operating system en)-.25 F 1.156
(vironments \(such as the loca-)-.4 F(tion of support \214les\).)174 208.8 Q
(These are referenced using the)5 E F2(OSTYPE)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1(macro.)2.5 E
60.61(sh Shell)102 225 R(\214les used by the)2.5 E F0(m4)2.5 E F1 -.2(bu)2.5 G
(ild process.).2 E -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G(houldn')362.97 225 Q 2.5(th)-.18 G
-2.25 -.2(av e)404.18 225 T(to mess with these.)2.7 E 30.61(sitecon\214g Local)
102 241.2 R .49(site con\214guration information, such as UUCP connecti)2.99 F
(vity)-.25 E 5.49(.T)-.65 G(he)450.61 241.2 Q 2.99(yn)-.15 G(ormally)472.89
241.2 Q(contain lists of site information, for e)174 253.2 Q(xample:)-.15 E
(SITE\(contessa\))214 269.4 Q(SITE\(hoptoad\))214 281.4 Q(SITE\(nkainc\))214
293.4 Q(SITE\(well\))214 305.4 Q(The)174 321.6 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G
(re referenced using the SITECONFIG macro:)201.34 321.6 Q
(SITECONFIG\(site.con\214g.\214le, name_of_site, X\))214 337.8 Q(where)174 354
Q F3(X)2.704 E F1 .204(is the macro/class name to use.)2.704 F .203
(It can be U \(indicating locally connected)5.204 F(hosts\) or one of W)174 366
Q 2.5(,X)-.92 G 2.5(,o)259.73 366 S 2.5(rYf)269.73 366 S
(or up to three remote UUCP hubs.)288.61 366 Q .756(If you are in a ne)127
382.2 R 3.256(wd)-.25 G .756(omain \(e.g., a compan)214.036 382.2 R .757
(y\), you will probably w)-.15 F .757(ant to create a cf/domain)-.1 F .871
(\214le for your domain.)102 394.2 R .871
(This consists primarily of relay de\214nitions: for e)5.871 F .87
(xample, Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E(y')-.15 E 3.37(sd)-.55 G(omain)479 394.2 Q .16
(de\214nition de\214nes relays for BitNET)102 406.2 R 2.66(,C)-.74 G(SNET)
257.61 406.2 Q 2.66(,a)-.74 G .16(nd UUCP)291.47 406.2 R 5.16(.O)-1.11 G 2.66
(ft)344.57 406.2 S .16(hese, only the UUCP relay is particu-)353.34 406.2 R .46
(larly speci\214c to Berk)102 418.2 R(ele)-.1 E 4.26 -.65(y. A)-.15 H .46
(ll of these are internet-style domain names.).65 F .46(Please check to mak)
5.46 F 2.96(ec)-.1 G(er)493.1 418.2 Q(-)-.2 E(tain the)102 430.2 Q 2.5(ya)-.15
G(re reasonable for your domain.)143.51 430.2 Q 1.406(Subdomains at Berk)127
446.4 R(ele)-.1 E 3.906(ya)-.15 G 1.407
(re also represented in the cf/domain directory)235.678 446.4 R 6.407(.F)-.65 G
1.407(or e)439.406 446.4 R 1.407(xample, the)-.15 F 1.491(domain cs-e)102 458.4
R 1.491(xposed is the Computer Science subdomain with the local hostname sho)
-.15 F 1.49(wn to other)-.25 F 1.41(users; cs-hidden mak)102 470.4 R 1.411
(es users appear to be from the CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.411
(EDU subdomain \(with no local).65 F 1.084(host information included\).)102
482.4 R -1.1(Yo)6.084 G 3.584(uw)1.1 G 1.084(ill probably ha)246.336 482.4 R
1.384 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.584(ou).15 G 1.083
(pdate this directory to be appropriate for)335.872 482.4 R(your domain.)102
494.4 Q -1.1(Yo)127 510.6 S 4.372(uw)1.1 G 1.872(ill ha)154.712 510.6 R 2.172
-.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.372(ou).15 G 1.872(se or create)207.478 510.6 R F0(.mc)4.372
E F1 1.872(\214les in the)4.372 F F3(cf/cf)4.372 E F1 1.873
(subdirectory for your hosts.)4.373 F 1.873(This is)6.873 F
(detailed in the cf/README \214le.)102 522.6 Q F0 2.5(1.3. Details)87 546.6 R
(of Installation Files)2.5 E F1(This subsection describes the \214les that com\
prise the sendmail installation.)127 562.8 Q F0 2.5(1.3.1. /usr/sbin/sendmail)
102 586.8 R F1 .079(The binary for sendmail is located in /usr/sbin)142 605 R
/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)326.703 601 Q F1 5.079(.I)330.203 605 S 2.579(ts)
341.112 605 S .08(hould be setuid root.)350.361 605 R -.15(Fo)5.08 G 2.58(rs)
.15 G .08(ecurity rea-)458.11 605 R(sons, /, /usr)117 619 Q 2.5(,a)-.4 G
(nd /usr/sbin should be o)171.6 619 Q(wned by root, mode 755)-.25 E F4(3)364.4
615 Q F1(.)367.9 619 Q .32 LW 76 646 72 646 DL 80 646 76 646 DL 84 646 80 646
DL 88 646 84 646 DL 92 646 88 646 DL 96 646 92 646 DL 100 646 96 646 DL 104 646
100 646 DL 108 646 104 646 DL 112 646 108 646 DL 116 646 112 646 DL 120 646 116
646 DL 124 646 120 646 DL 128 646 124 646 DL 132 646 128 646 DL 136 646 132 646
DL 140 646 136 646 DL 144 646 140 646 DL 148 646 144 646 DL 152 646 148 646 DL
156 646 152 646 DL 160 646 156 646 DL 164 646 160 646 DL 168 646 164 646 DL 172
646 168 646 DL 176 646 172 646 DL 180 646 176 646 DL 184 646 180 646 DL 188 646
184 646 DL 192 646 188 646 DL 196 646 192 646 DL 200 646 196 646 DL 204 646 200
646 DL 208 646 204 646 DL 212 646 208 646 DL 216 646 212 646 DL/F5 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(2)93.6 656.4 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .385
(This is usually /usr/sbin on 4.4BSD and ne)3.2 J .385(wer systems; man)-.2 F
2.385(ys)-.12 G .385(ystems install it in /usr/lib)302.966 659.6 R 4.384(.I)
-.32 G .384(understand it is in /usr/ucblib on)398.744 659.6 R
(System V Release 4.)72 669.2 Q F5(3)93.6 679.6 Q F6 .15(Some v)3.2 J .15
(endors ship them o)-.12 F .15
(wned by bin; this creates a security hole that is not actually related to)-.2
F/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.15 E F6 4.15(.O)C .149(ther important di-)
447.262 682.8 R(rectories that should ha)72 692.4 Q .24 -.12(ve r)-.16 H
(estricti).12 E .24 -.12(ve o)-.2 H(wnerships and permissions are /bin, /usr/b\
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-8 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(1.3.2. /etc/sendmail.cf)102 96 R/F1
10/Times-Roman@0 SF .78(This is the con\214guration \214le for sendmail.)142
112.2 R .781(This and the frozen con\214guration \214le are the)5.781 F 2.178
(only tw)117 126.2 R 4.678(on)-.1 G 2.178
(on-library \214le names compiled into sendmail)164.036 126.2 R/F2 7
/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)354.636 122.2 Q F1 7.179(.S)358.136 126.2 S 2.179
(ome older systems install it in)373.375 126.2 R F0(/usr/lib/sendmail.cf)117
138.2 Q F1(.)A(If you w)142 154.4 Q(ant to mo)-.1 E .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(his \214le, change).15 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sr)2.5 E(c/pathnames.h)-.37 E
F1(.)A .721(The con\214guration \214le is normally created using the distrib)
142 170.6 R .721(ution \214les described abo)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 5.72(.I).15 G
(f)500.67 170.6 Q .64(you ha)117 182.6 R .94 -.15(ve a p)-.2 H .64
(articularly unusual system con\214guration you may need to create a special v)
.15 F(ersion.)-.15 E
(The format of this \214le is detailed in later sections of this document.)117
194.6 Q F0 2.5(1.3.3. /usr/ucb/newaliases)102 218.6 R F1 1.59
(If you are running deli)142 234.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.589
(rmail, it is critical that the).15 F F3(ne)4.089 E(waliases)-.15 E F1 1.589
(command be replaced.)4.089 F(This can just be a link to)117 246.8 Q F3
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(:)A(rm \255f /usr/ucb/ne)157 263 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(ln /usr/sbin/sendmail /usr/ucb/ne)157 275 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(This can be installed in whate)117 291.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G
(earch path you prefer for your system.)254.91 291.2 Q F0 2.5(1.3.4. /v)102
315.2 R(ar/spool/mqueue)-.1 E F1 .217(The directory)142 331.4 R F3
(/var/spool/mqueue)2.717 E F1 .218(should be created to hold the mail queue.)
2.717 F .218(This directory)5.218 F(should be mode 700 and o)117 343.4 Q
(wned by root.)-.25 E(The actual path of this directory is de\214ned in the)142
359.6 Q F0(Q)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F3(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E
F0 2.5(1.3.5. /etc/aliases*)102 383.6 R F1 1.493
(The system aliases are held in \231/etc/aliases\232.)142 399.8 R 3.992(As)
6.492 G 1.492(ample is gi)350.01 399.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.992(ni).15 G 3.992
<6e99>417.696 399.8 S 1.492(lib/aliases\232 which)431.128 399.8 R
(includes some aliases which)117 411.8 Q F3(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned:)2.5 E
(cp lib/aliases /etc/aliases)157 428 Q F3(edit /etc/aliases)157 440 Q F1 -1.1
(Yo)117 456.2 S 2.5(us)1.1 G(hould e)139.51 456.2 Q(xtend this \214le with an)
-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(liases that are apropos to your system.)267.54 456.2 Q
(Normally)142 472.4 Q F3(sendmail)3.609 E F1 1.109(looks at a v)3.609 F 1.109
(ersion of these \214les maintained by the)-.15 F F3(dbm)3.609 E F1 1.11
(\(3\) or)1.666 F F3(db)3.61 E F1(\(3\))1.666 E 3.46(routines. These)117 484.4
R .96(are stored either in \231/etc/aliases.dir\232 and \231/etc/aliases.pag\
\232 or \231/etc/aliases.db\232)3.46 F 1.022
(depending on which database package you are using.)117 496.4 R 1.022
(These can initially be created as empty)6.022 F(\214les, b)117 508.4 Q(ut the)
-.2 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G(ill ha)180.54 508.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.5(ob).15 G 2.5
(ei)227.69 508.4 S(nitialized promptly)237.41 508.4 Q 5(.T)-.65 G
(hese should be mode 644:)326.76 508.4 Q(cp /de)157 524.6 Q
(v/null /etc/aliases.dir)-.25 E(cp /de)157 536.6 Q(v/null /etc/aliases.pag)-.25
E(chmod 644 /etc/aliases.*)157 548.6 Q(ne)157 560.6 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(The)117 576.8 Q F3(db)2.79 E F1 .29(routines preset the mode reasonably)2.79 F
2.79(,s)-.65 G 2.79(ot)301.68 576.8 S .29(his step can be skipped.)312.25 576.8
R .29(The actual path of this)5.29 F(\214le is de\214ned in the)117 588.8 Q F0
(A)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E F3(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(1.3.6. /etc/sendmail.fc)102 612.8 R F1 .609
(If you intend to install the frozen v)142 629 R .61
(ersion of the con\214guration \214le \(for quick startup\) you)-.15 F
(should create the \214le /etc/sendmail.fc and initialize it.)117 641 Q
(This step may be safely skipped.)5 E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76
669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96
669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104
669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL
124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2
132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2
DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164
669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172
669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL
192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2
200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2
DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(4)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .589
(The system libraries can reference other \214les; in particular)3.2 J 2.589
(,s)-.32 G .588
(ystem library subroutines that sendmail calls probably reference)294.809 682.8
R/F6 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(/etc/passwd)72 692.4 Q F5(and)2 E F6(/etc/r)2 E(esolv)
-.296 E(.conf)-.592 E F5(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-9)457.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(cp /de)157 96 Q
(v/null /etc/sendmail.fc)-.25 E(chmod 644 /etc/sendmail.fc)157 108 Q
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bz)157 120 Q 1.028
(In general, freeze \214les are not w)117 136.2 R 1.027
(orth doing unless your disks are much f)-.1 F 1.027(aster than your CPU;)-.1 F
(this is seldom true an)117 148.2 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ore.)217.13 148.2 Q 1.32
(If your)142 164.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.82 E F1 -.1(wa)3.821 G
3.821(sn).1 G 1.321(ot compiled with)238.832 164.4 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(FR)
3.821 E(OZENCONFIG)-.36 E F1 1.321(de\214ned, the)3.821 F F0(\255bz)3.821 E F1
1.321(\215ag will be)3.821 F(ignored.)117 176.4 Q F0 2.5(1.3.7. /etc/r)102
200.4 R(c)-.18 E F1 .155(It will be necessary to start up the sendmail daemon \
when your system reboots.)142 216.6 R .155(This dae-)5.155 F 1.537
(mon performs tw)117 228.6 R 4.037(of)-.1 G 1.537
(unctions: it listens on the SMTP sock)201.221 228.6 R 1.537
(et for connections \(to recei)-.1 F 1.838 -.15(ve m)-.25 H(ail).15 E .442(fro\
m a remote system\) and it processes the queue periodically to insure that mai\
l gets deli)117 240.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(red).15 E(when hosts come up.)117 252.6
Q .505(Add the follo)142 268.8 R .505(wing lines to \231/etc/rc\232 \(or \231/\
etc/rc.local\232 as appropriate\) in the area where it)-.25 F
(is starting up the daemons:)117 280.8 Q
(if [ \255f /usr/sbin/sendmail \255a \255f /etc/sendmail.cf ]; then)157 297 Q
(\(cd /v)193 309 Q(ar/spool/mqueue; rm \255f [lnx]f*\))-.25 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m &)193 321 Q(echo \255n ' sendmail' >/de)193
333 Q(v/console)-.25 E<8c>157 345 Q .174
(The \231cd\232 and \231rm\232 commands insure that all lock \214les ha)117
361.2 R .473 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .173(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .173(d; e).15 F
.173(xtraneous lock \214les)-.15 F .004
(may be left around if the system goes do)117 373.2 R .005
(wn in the middle of processing a message.)-.25 F .005(The line that)5.005 F
2.294(actually in)117 385.2 R -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G(s).1 E F2(sendmail)4.794
E F1 2.294(has tw)4.794 F 4.794<6f8d>-.1 G 2.293
(ags: \231\255bd\232 causes it to listen on the SMTP port, and)272.94 385.2 R
(\231\255q30m\232 causes it to run the queue e)117 397.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ry half hour).15 E(.)-.55 E .378(Some people use a more comple)142 413.4 R
2.879(xs)-.15 G .379(tartup script, remo)285.209 413.4 R .379
(ving zero length qf \214les and df \214les)-.15 F
(for which there is no qf \214le.)117 425.4 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)
253.9 425.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-10 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(#r)157 96 S
(emo)167.83 96 Q .3 -.15(ve z)-.15 H(ero length qf \214les).15 E(for qf)157 108
Q(\214le in qf*)-.25 E(do)157 120 Q(if [ \255r $qf)193 132 Q(\214le ])-.25 E
(then)193 144 Q(if [ ! \255s $qf)229 156 Q(\214le ])-.25 E(then)229 168 Q
(echo \255n " <zero: $qf)265 180 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E
(rm \255f $qf)265 192 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>229 204 Q<8c>193 216 Q(done)157 228 Q
2.5(#r)157 240 S(ename tf \214les to be qf if the qf does not e)167.83 240 Q
(xist)-.15 E(for tf)157 252 Q(\214le in tf*)-.25 E(do)157 264 Q(qf)193 276 Q
(\214le=`echo $tf)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/t/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $tf)
193 288 Q(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)193 300 Q
(echo \255n " <reco)229 312 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ring: $tf).15 E(\214le>" > /de)
-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E(mv $tf)229 324 Q(\214le $qf)-.25 E(\214le)-.25 E(else)
193 336 Q(echo \255n " <e)229 348 Q(xtra: $tf)-.15 E(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E
(v/console)-.25 E(rm \255f $tf)229 360 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>193 372 Q(done)157
384 Q 2.5(#r)157 396 S(emo)167.83 396 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.15 H(ogus qf \214les).15
E(for df)157 408 Q(\214le in df*)-.25 E(do)157 420 Q(qf)193 432 Q
(\214le=`echo $df)-.25 E(\214le | sed ')-.25 E(s/d/q/'`)-.55 E(if [ \255r $df)
193 444 Q(\214le \255a ! \255f $qf)-.25 E(\214le ])-.25 E(then)193 456 Q
(echo \255n " <incomplete: $df)229 468 Q(\214le>" > /de)-.25 E(v/console)-.25 E
(rm \255f $df)229 480 Q(\214le)-.25 E<8c>193 492 Q(done)157 504 Q<8c>157 516 Q
.756(If you are not running a v)142 536.4 R .755
(ersion of UNIX that supports Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 3.255(yT)-.15 G(CP/IP)
416.725 536.4 Q 3.255(,d)-1.11 G 3.255(on)450.27 536.4 S .755(ot include)
463.525 536.4 R(the)117 548.4 Q F0(\255bd)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(1.3.8. /usr/lib/sendmail.hf)102 572.4 R F1 2.078
(This is the help \214le used by the SMTP)142 588.6 R F0(HELP)4.578 E F1 4.578
(command. It)4.578 F 2.078(should be copied from)4.578 F
(\231lib/sendmail.hf\232:)117 600.6 Q(cp lib/sendmail.hf /usr/lib)157 616.8 Q
(The actual path of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 633 Q F0(H)2.5 E F1
(option of the)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1(\214le.)2.5 E
F0 2.5(1.3.9. /etc/sendmail.st)102 657 R F1 3.04
(If you wish to collect statistics about your mail traf)142 673.2 R 3.04
(\214c, you should create the \214le)-.25 F(\231/etc/sendmail.st\232:)117 685.2
Q(cp /de)157 701.4 Q(v/null /etc/sendmail.st)-.25 E(chmod 666 /etc/sendmail.st)
157 713.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-11)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .715(This \214le does not gro)117
96 R 4.516 -.65(w. I)-.25 H 3.216(ti).65 G 3.216(sp)231.502 96 S .716
(rinted with the program \231mailstats/mailstats.c.)243.608 96 R 5.716<9a54>-.7
G .716(he actual path)447.028 96 R(of this \214le is de\214ned in the)117 108 Q
F0(S)2.5 E F1(option of the)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(\214le.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.10. /usr/ucb/newaliases)102 132 R F1(If)142 148.2 Q
F2(sendmail)3.256 E F1 .756(is in)3.256 F -.2(vo)-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.256(da).1
G 3.256<7399>240.424 148.2 S(ne)252.01 148.2 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases,).1 E 3.255
<9a69>-.7 G 3.255(tw)307.255 148.2 S .755(ill simulate the)320.51 148.2 R F0
(\255bi)3.255 E F1 .755(\215ag \(i.e., will reb)3.255 F .755(uild the)-.2 F
(alias database; see belo)117 160.2 Q 2.5(w\). This)-.25 F
(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0 2.5(1.3.11. /usr/ucb/mailq)
102 184.2 R F1(If)142 200.4 Q F2(sendmail)3.439 E F1 .939(is in)3.439 F -.2(vo)
-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G 3.439(da).1 G 3.439<7399>241.156 200.4 S(mailq,)252.925 200.4
Q 3.439<9a69>-.7 G 3.439(tw)288.164 200.4 S .939(ill simulate the)301.603 200.4
R F0(\255bp)3.439 E F1 .94(\215ag \(i.e.,)3.44 F F2(sendmail)3.44 E F1 .94
(will print)3.44 F(the contents of the mail queue; see belo)117 212.4 Q 2.5
(w\). This)-.25 F(should be a link to /usr/sbin/sendmail.)2.5 E F0 2.5
(2. NORMAL)72 236.4 R(OPERA)2.5 E(TIONS)-.95 E 2.5(2.1. `)87 260.4 R(`Quick')
-.63 E 2.5('C)-.63 G(on\214guration Startup)154.9 260.4 Q F1 .523(if the)127
276.6 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(FR)3.023 E(OZENCONFIG)-.36 E F1 .523
(option is included during compilation, a precompiled \(`)3.023 F(`frozen')-.74
E .522('\) v)-.74 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .068
(sion of the con\214guration \214le can be created using the)102 288.6 R F0
(\255bz)2.568 E F1 2.568(\215ag. This)2.568 F .069(is really only w)2.568 F
.069(orthwhile doing)-.1 F .432(if you are on a slo)102 300.6 R 2.932(wp)-.25 G
.432(rocessor with a relati)190.994 300.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .432(ly f).15 F .432
(ast I/O system \(a V)-.1 F .432(AX 11/750 is a good e)-1.35 F(xample\).)-.15 E
.131(Since it creates other problems, I recommend ag)102 312.6 R .132
(ainst using the frozen con\214guration on most current)-.05 F(architectures.)
102 324.6 Q 1.6 -.8(To c)127 340.8 T(reate the freeze \214le, use).8 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bz)142 357 Q .762
(This creates the frozen con\214guration \214le)102 373.2 R F2
(/etc/sendmail.fc)3.262 E F1 5.761(.T)C .761(his \214le is an image of)348.403
373.2 R F2(sendmail)3.261 E F1 1.861 -.55('s d)D(ata).55 E .692
(space after reading in the con\214guration \214le.)102 385.2 R .693
(If this \214le e)5.692 F .693(xists, it is used instead of)-.15 F F2
(/etc/sendmail.cf)3.193 E(sendmail.fc)102 397.2 Q F1(must be reb)2.5 E
(uilt manually e)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry time).15 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(is changed.)2.5 E .953(The frozen con\214guration \214le will be ignored if a)
127 413.4 R F0<ad43>3.452 E F1 .952
(\215ag is speci\214ed or if sendmail detects)3.452 F(that it is out of date.)
102 425.4 Q(Ho)5 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .8 -.4(r, t).15 H
(he heuristics are not strong so this should not be trusted.).4 E F0 2.5
(2.2. The)87 449.4 R(System Log)2.5 E F1(The system log is supported by the)127
465.6 Q F2(syslo)2.5 E(gd)-.1 E F1(\(8\) program.)1.666 E F0 2.5(2.2.1. F)102
489.6 R(ormat)-.25 E F1 .574(Each line in the system log consists of a timesta\
mp, the name of the machine that gener)142 505.8 R(-)-.2 E .849
(ated it \(for logging from se)117 517.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .849(ral machines o)
.15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.349(rt).15 G .848(he local area netw)316.942 517.8 R
.848(ork\), the w)-.1 F .848(ord \231sendmail:\232,)-.1 F(and a message.)117
529.8 Q F0 2.5(2.2.2. Le)102 553.8 R -.1(ve)-.15 G(ls).1 E F1 .204(If you ha)
142 570 R -.15(ve)-.2 G F2(syslo)2.854 E(gd)-.1 E F1 .204(\(8\) or an equi)
1.666 F -.25(va)-.25 G .205(lent installed, you will be able to do logging.).25
F .205(There is)5.205 F 2.788(al)117 582 S(ar)127.008 582 Q .287
(ge amount of information that can be logged.)-.18 F .287
(The log is arranged as a succession of le)5.287 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls.).15 E .65
(At the lo)117 594 R .65(west le)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.15(lo).15 G .65(nly e)
201.72 594 R .651(xtremely strange situations are logged.)-.15 F .651
(At the highest le)5.651 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .651(l, e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.151
(nt).15 G(he)494.56 594 Q .826(most mundane and uninteresting e)117 606 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G .825(nts are recorded for posterity).15 F 5.825(.A)-.65 G 3.325(sac)
400.27 606 S(on)419.69 606 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G .825(ntion, log le).15 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ls).15 E .2(under ten are considered generally \231useful;\232 log le)
117 618 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .201(ls abo).15 F .501 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 2.701(4a).15 G
.201(re reserv)381.566 618 R .201(ed for deb)-.15 F .201(ugging pur)-.2 F(-)-.2
E 2.5(poses. Le)117 630 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls from 11\25564 are reserv).15 E
(ed for v)-.15 E(erbose information that some sites might w)-.15 E(ant.)-.1 E
2.5(Ac)142 646.2 S(omplete description of the log le)156.16 646.2 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ls is gi).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(ns)340.35 646.2 S
(ection 4.6.)351.74 646.2 Q F0 2.5(2.3. The)87 670.2 R(Mail Queue)2.5 E F1 .263
(The mail queue should be processed transparently)127 686.4 R 5.262(.H)-.65 G
-.25(ow)342.868 686.4 S -2.15 -.25(ev e).25 H 1.062 -.4(r, y).25 H .262
(ou may \214nd that manual inter).4 F(-)-.2 E -.15(ve)102 698.4 S .081
(ntion is sometimes necessary).15 F 5.081(.F)-.65 G .081(or e)240.254 698.4 R
.081(xample, if a major host is do)-.15 F .081
(wn for a period of time the queue)-.25 F .268(may become clogged.)102 710.4 R
.268(Although sendmail ought to reco)5.268 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.768(rg).15 G .268
(racefully when the host comes up, you)348.254 710.4 R
(may \214nd performance unacceptably bad in the meantime.)102 722.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-12 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(2.3.1. Printing)102 96 R(the queue)
2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .526
(The contents of the queue can be printed using the)142 112.2 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(mailq)3.026 E F1 .526(command \(or by specifying the)3.026 F
F0(\255bp)117 124.2 Q F1(\215ag to sendmail\):)2.5 E(mailq)157 140.4 Q 1.673
(This will produce a listing of the queue id')117 156.6 R 1.673
(s, the size of the message, the date the message)-.55 F
(entered the queue, and the sender and recipients.)117 168.6 Q F0 2.5(2.3.2. F)
102 192.6 R(or)-.25 E(cing the queue)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)142 208.8 Q F1 1.137
(should run the queue automatically at interv)3.637 F 3.638(als. The)-.25 F
1.138(algorithm is to read and)3.638 F .355
(sort the queue, and then to attempt to process all jobs in order)117 220.8 R
5.355(.W)-.55 G .355(hen it attempts to run the job,)384.37 220.8 R F2
(sendmail)117 232.8 Q F1(\214rst checks to see if the job is lock)2.5 E 2.5
(ed. If)-.1 F(so, it ignores the job)2.5 E(.)-.4 E .338
(There is no attempt to insure that only one queue processor e)142 249 R .338
(xists at an)-.15 F 2.838(yt)-.15 G .339(ime, since there)440.282 249 R .095
(is no guarantee that a job cannot tak)117 261 R 2.595(ef)-.1 G(ore)272.07 261
Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.595(rt).15 G 2.595(op)302.585 261 S .094(rocess \(ho)315.18
261 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G F2(sendmail)2.994 E F1 .094
(does include heuris-)2.594 F 1.086
(tics to try to abort jobs that are taking absurd amounts of time; technically)
117 273 R 3.587(,t)-.65 G 1.087(his violates RFC)435.146 273 R .462(821, b)117
285 R .461(ut is blessed by RFC 1123\).)-.2 F .461
(Due to the locking algorithm, it is impossible for one job to)5.461 F 1.086
(freeze the entire queue.)117 297 R(Ho)6.086 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.886
-.4(r, a).15 H 3.586(nu).4 G(ncooperati)279.346 297 Q 1.386 -.15(ve r)-.25 H
1.086(ecipient host or a program recipient that).15 F(ne)117 309 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G 3.351(rr).15 G .851(eturns can accumulate man)145.491 309 R 3.351(yp)-.15 G
.851(rocesses in your system.)269.825 309 R(Unfortunately)5.851 E 3.351(,t)-.65
G .85(here is no com-)439.52 309 R(pletely general w)117 321 Q(ay to solv)-.1 E
2.5(et)-.15 G(his.)234.23 321 Q .082
(In some cases, you may \214nd that a major host going do)142 337.2 R .083
(wn for a couple of days may create)-.25 F 2.925(ap)117 349.2 S(rohibiti)
129.365 349.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .425(ly lar).15 F .425(ge queue.)-.18 F .424
(This will result in)5.425 F F2(sendmail)2.924 E F1 .424
(spending an inordinate amount of time)2.924 F 1.084(sorting the queue.)117
361.2 R 1.084(This situation can be \214x)6.084 F 1.084(ed by mo)-.15 F 1.085
(ving the queue to a temporary place and)-.15 F .023(creating a ne)117 373.2 R
2.523(wq)-.25 G 2.523(ueue. The)182.629 373.2 R .022
(old queue can be run later when the of)2.523 F .022
(fending host returns to service.)-.25 F 1.6 -.8(To d)142 389.4 T 2.5(ot).8 G
(his, it is acceptable to mo)170.09 389.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.15 H
(he entire queue directory:).15 E(cd /v)157 405.6 Q(ar/spool)-.25 E
(mv mqueue omqueue; mkdir mqueue; chmod 700 mqueue)157 417.6 Q -1.1(Yo)117
433.8 S 2.708(us)1.1 G .208(hould then kill the e)139.718 433.8 R .209
(xisting daemon \(since it will still be processing in the old queue direc-)
-.15 F(tory\) and create a ne)117 445.8 Q 2.5(wd)-.25 G(aemon.)213.1 445.8 Q
1.6 -.8(To r)142 462 T(un the old mail queue, run the follo).8 E(wing command:)
-.25 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oQ/v)157 478.2 Q(ar/spool/omqueue \255q)-.25 E
(The)117 494.4 Q F0(\255oQ)2.868 E F1 .367
(\215ag speci\214es an alternate queue directory and the)2.868 F F0<ad71>2.867
E F1 .367(\215ag says to just run e)2.867 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .367(ry job in).15 F
.593(the queue.)117 506.4 R .593(If you ha)5.593 F .893 -.15(ve a t)-.2 H
(endenc).15 E 3.093(yt)-.15 G -2.1 -.25(ow a)263.111 506.4 T .593(rd v).25 F
-.1(oy)-.2 G .593(eurism, you can use the).1 F F0<ad76>3.094 E F1 .594
(\215ag to w)3.094 F .594(atch what is)-.1 F(going on.)117 518.4 Q
(When the queue is \214nally emptied, you can remo)142 534.6 Q .3 -.15(ve t)
-.15 H(he directory:).15 E(rmdir /v)157 550.8 Q(ar/spool/omqueue)-.25 E F0 2.5
(2.4. The)87 579 R(Alias Database)2.5 E F1 .361(The alias database e)127 595.2
R .361(xists in tw)-.15 F 2.861(of)-.1 G 2.861(orms. One)261.116 595.2 R .361
(is a te)2.861 F .36(xt form, maintained in the \214le)-.15 F F2(/etc/aliases.)
2.86 E F1(The aliases are of the form)102 607.2 Q(name: name1, name2, ...)142
623.4 Q(Only local names may be aliased; e.g.,)102 639.6 Q(eric@prep.ai.MIT)142
655.8 Q(.EDU: eric@CS.Berk)-.74 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E .348
(will not ha)102 672 R .648 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .348(he desired ef).15 F 2.849
(fect. Aliases)-.25 F .349(may be continued by starting an)2.849 F 2.849(yc)
-.15 G .349(ontinuation lines with a)408.783 672 R(space or a tab)102 684 Q 5
(.B)-.4 G(lank lines and lines be)170.47 684 Q
(ginning with a sharp sign \(\231#\232\) are comments.)-.15 E 1.593
(The second form is processed by the)127 700.2 R F2(dbm)4.093 E F1 1.593
(\(3\) \(or)1.666 F F2(db)4.093 E F1 1.593(\(3\)\) library)1.666 F 6.593(.T)
-.65 G 1.593(his form is in the \214les)409.085 700.2 R F2(/etc/aliases.dir)102
712.2 Q F1(and)3.028 E F2(/etc/aliases.pa)3.028 E -.15(g.)-.1 G F1 .528
(This is the form that)5.678 F F2(sendmail)3.029 E F1 .529
(actually uses to resolv)3.029 F 3.029(ea)-.15 G(liases.)479.28 712.2 Q
(This technique is used to impro)102 724.2 Q .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H(erformance.)
.15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-13)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.1(Yo)127 96 S 2.5(uc)1.1 G
(an also use)150.06 96 Q/F2 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NIS)2.5 E F1
(-based alias \214les.)A -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the speci\214cation:)
305.069 96 Q -.35(OA)142 112.2 S(/etc/aliases).35 E -.35(OA)142 124.2 S
(nis:mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E(will \214rst search the /etc/ali\
ases \214le and then the map named \231mail.aliases\232 in \231my)102 140.4 Q
(.nis.domain\232.)-.65 E(Additional \215ags can be added after the colon e)127
156.6 Q(xactly lik)-.15 E 2.5(ea)-.1 G F0(K)A F1(line \212 for e)2.5 E(xample:)
-.15 E -.35(OA)142 172.8 S(nis:-N mail.aliases@my).35 E(.nis.domain)-.65 E
(will search the appropriate NIS map and al)102 189 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys include null bytes in the k).1 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(.)-.5 E F0 2.5(2.4.1. Reb)
102 213 R(uilding the alias database)-.2 E F1 .542(The DB or DBM v)142 229.2 R
.542(ersion of the database may be reb)-.15 F .542(uilt e)-.2 F .542
(xplicitly by e)-.15 F -.15(xe)-.15 G .542(cuting the com-).15 F(mand)117 241.2
Q(ne)157 257.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E(This is equi)117 273.6 Q -.25(va)
-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(the)2.5 E F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag:)2.5 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bi)157 289.8
Q .259(If the \231D\232 option is speci\214ed in the con\214guration,)142 310.2
R F3(sendmail)2.759 E F1 .26(will reb)2.759 F .26(uild the alias database)-.2 F
1.921(automatically if possible when it is out of date.)117 322.2 R(Auto-reb)
6.921 E 1.92(uild can be dangerous on hea)-.2 F(vily)-.2 E 1.45
(loaded machines with lar)117 334.2 R 1.45(ge alias \214les; if it might tak)
-.18 F 3.951(em)-.1 G 1.451(ore than \214v)355.654 334.2 R 3.951(em)-.15 G
1.451(inutes to reb)420.127 334.2 R 1.451(uild the)-.2 F
(database, there is a chance that se)117 346.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral processes will start the reb).15 E(uild process simultaneously)-.2 E(.)
-.65 E 1.77(If you ha)142 362.4 R 2.07 -.15(ve m)-.2 H 1.77
(ultiple aliases databases speci\214ed, the).15 F F0(\255bi)4.27 E F1 1.77
(\215ag reb)4.27 F 1.77(uilds all the database)-.2 F
(types it understands \(for e)117 374.4 Q(xample, it can reb)-.15 E
(uild dbm databases b)-.2 E(ut not nis databases\).)-.2 E F0 2.5(2.4.2. P)102
398.4 R(otential pr)-.2 E(oblems)-.18 E F1 1.131
(There are a number of problems that can occur with the alias database.)142
414.6 R(The)6.131 E 3.631(ya)-.15 G 1.131(ll result)472.589 414.6 R 1.104
(from a)117 426.6 R F3(sendmail)3.604 E F1 1.104(process accessing the DBM v)
3.604 F 1.103(ersion while it is only partially b)-.15 F 3.603(uilt. This)-.2 F
(can)3.603 E 1.248(happen under tw)117 438.6 R 3.748(oc)-.1 G 1.248
(ircumstances: One process accesses the database while another process is)
199.234 438.6 R(reb)117 450.6 Q .518(uilding it, or the process reb)-.2 F .518
(uilding the database dies \(due to being killed or a system crash\))-.2 F
(before completing the reb)117 462.6 Q(uild.)-.2 E .792(Sendmail has tw)142
478.8 R 3.292(ot)-.1 G .792(echniques to try to relie)220.666 478.8 R 1.092
-.15(ve t)-.25 H .792(hese problems.).15 F .793(First, it ignores interrupts)
5.793 F .045(while reb)117 490.8 R .045(uilding the database; this a)-.2 F -.2
(vo)-.2 G .045(ids the problem of someone aborting the process lea).2 F .045
(ving a)-.2 F(partially reb)117 502.8 Q(uilt database.)-.2 E
(Second, at the end of the reb)5 E(uild it adds an alias of the form)-.2 E
(@: @)157 519 Q .336(\(which is not normally le)117 535.2 R -.05(ga)-.15 G
2.836(l\). Before).05 F .336
(sendmail will access the database, it checks to insure that)2.836 F
(this entry e)117 549.2 Q(xists)-.15 E/F4 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)179.63 545.2 Q
F1(.)183.13 549.2 Q F0 2.5(2.4.3. List)102 573.2 R -.1(ow)2.5 G(ners).1 E F1 .4
(If an error occurs on sending to a certain address, say \231)142 589.4 R F3(x)
A F1<9a2c>A F3(sendmail)2.901 E F1 .401(will look for an alias)2.901 F .418
(of the form \231o)117 601.4 R(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F3(x)A F1 2.918<9a74>C 2.918
(or)212.632 601.4 S(ecei)223.88 601.4 Q .718 -.15(ve t)-.25 H .418(he errors.)
.15 F .417(This is typically useful for a mailing list where the)5.418 F 1.116
(submitter of the list has no control o)117 613.4 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.617(rt).15
G 1.117(he maintenance of the list itself; in this case the list)288.4 613.4 R
(maintainer w)117 625.4 Q(ould be the o)-.1 E(wner of the list.)-.25 E -.15(Fo)
5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample:)309.38 625.4 Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76
669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96
669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104
669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL
124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2
132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2
DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164
669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172
669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL
192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2
200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2
DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(5)93.6 679.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .389(The \231a\
\232 option is required in the con\214guration for this action to occur)3.2 J
4.389(.T)-.44 G .389(his should normally be speci\214ed unless you are run-)
334.24 682.8 R(ning)72 692.4 Q/F7 8/Times-Italic@0 SF(delivermail)2 E F6
(in parallel with)2 E F7(sendmail.)2 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-14 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa, wnj@monet, nosuchuser)157 96 Q(,)-.4 E
(sam@matisse)193 108 Q -.25(ow)157 120 S(ner).25 E(-unix-wizards: eric@ucbarpa)
-.2 E -.1(wo)117 136.2 S 1.959(uld cause \231eric@ucbarpa\232 to get the error\
 that will occur when someone sends to unix-).1 F
(wizards due to the inclusion of \231nosuchuser\232 on the list.)117 148.2 Q
.958(List o)142 164.4 R .958(wners also cause the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .959
(lope sender address to be modi\214ed.).15 F .959(The contents of the)5.959 F
-.25(ow)117 176.4 S .429(ner alias are used if the).25 F 2.929(yp)-.15 G .429
(oint to a single user)236.364 176.4 R 2.928(,o)-.4 G .428
(therwise the name of the alias itself is used.)326.436 176.4 R -.15(Fo)117
188.4 S 2.5(rt).15 G(his reason, and to obe)136.02 188.4 Q 2.5(yI)-.15 G
(nternet con)233.63 188.4 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(ntions, a typical scheme w).15 E
(ould be:)-.1 E 18.49(list: some,)157 204.6 R(set, of, addresses)2.5 E 22.28
(list-request: list-admin-1,)157 216.6 R(list-admin-2, ...)2.5 E -.25(ow)157
228.6 S(ner).25 E 26.62(-list: list-request)-.2 F F0 2.5(2.5. User)87 256.8 R
(Inf)2.5 E(ormation Database)-.25 E F1 1.059(If you ha)127 273 R 1.359 -.15
(ve a ve)-.2 H 1.059(rsion of).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.559 E F1
1.06(with the user information database compiled in, and you)3.559 F(ha)102 285
Q 2.206 -.15(ve s)-.2 H 1.906(peci\214ed one or more databases using the).15 F
F0(U)4.406 E F1 1.905(option, the databases will be searched for a)4.406 F F2
(user)102 297 Q F1(:maildrop entry)A 5(.I)-.65 G 2.5(ff)191.34 297 S
(ound, the mail will be sent to the speci\214ed address.)200.5 297 Q 1.288
(If the \214rst tok)127 313.2 R 1.288(en passed to user part of the \231local\
\232 mailer is an at sign, the at sign will be)-.1 F(stripped of)102 325.2 Q
2.5(fa)-.25 G(nd this step will be skipped.)155.07 325.2 Q F0 2.5(2.6. P)87
349.2 R(er)-.2 E(-User F)-.37 E(orwarding \(.f)-.25 E(orward Files\))-.25 E F1
.121(As an alternati)127 365.4 R .421 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.621(ot).15 G .121
(he alias database, an)210.404 365.4 R 2.621(yu)-.15 G .12
(ser may put a \214le with the name \231.forw)304.878 365.4 R .12
(ard\232 in his)-.1 F .205(or her home directory)102 377.4 R 5.205(.I)-.65 G
2.705(ft)199.92 377.4 S .205(his \214le e)208.735 377.4 R(xists,)-.15 E F2
(sendmail)2.705 E F1 .205
(redirects mail for that user to the list of addresses)2.705 F .909
(listed in the .forw)102 389.4 R .908(ard \214le.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.908 G 3.408
(re).15 G .908
(xample, if the home directory for user \231mckusick\232 has a .forw)233.98
389.4 R(ard)-.1 E(\214le with contents:)102 401.4 Q(mckusick@ernie)142 417.6 Q
(kirk@calder)142 429.6 Q(then an)102 445.8 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ail arri)146.29
445.8 Q
(ving for \231mckusick\232 will be redirected to the speci\214ed accounts.)-.25
E(Actually)127 462 Q 3.374(,t)-.65 G .874
(he con\214guration \214le de\214nes a sequence of \214lenames to check.)
169.444 462 R .875(By def)5.875 F .875(ault, this is)-.1 F .688(the user')102
474 R 3.188(s.)-.55 G(forw)146.426 474 Q .688(ard \214le, b)-.1 F .687
(ut can be de\214ned to be more generally using the)-.2 F F0(J)3.187 E F1 3.187
(option. If)3.187 F .687(you change)3.187 F .393(this, you will ha)102 486 R
.693 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.893(oi).15 G .393
(nform your user base of the change; .forw)193.064 486 R .393
(ard is pretty well incorporated into)-.1 F(the collecti)102 498 Q .3 -.15
(ve s)-.25 H(ubconscious.).15 E F0 2.5(2.7. Special)87 522 R(Header Lines)2.5 E
F1(Se)127 538.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.898(ral header lines ha).15 F 2.197 -.15
(ve s)-.2 H 1.897
(pecial interpretations de\214ned by the con\214guration \214le.).15 F(Others)
6.897 E(ha)102 550.2 Q 1.205 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .905(nterpretations b).15 F .905
(uilt into)-.2 F F2(sendmail)3.405 E F1 .906
(that cannot be changed without changing the code.)3.405 F(These)5.906 E -.2
(bu)102 562.2 S(iltins are described here.).2 E F0 2.5(2.7.1. Retur)102 586.2 R
(n-Receipt-T)-.15 E(o:)-.92 E F1 1.371
(If this header is sent, a message will be sent to an)142 602.4 R 3.87(ys)-.15
G 1.37(peci\214ed addresses when the \214nal)366.88 602.4 R(deli)117 614.4 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G .367(ry is complete, that is, when successfully deli).15 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .368(red to a mailer with the).15 F F0(l)2.868 E F1 .368
(\215ag \(local deli)2.868 F(v-)-.25 E(ery\) set in the mailer descriptor)117
626.4 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(2.7.2. Err)102 650.4 R(ors-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92 E F1 .22
(If errors occur an)142 666.6 R .22
(ywhere during processing, this header will cause error messages to go to)-.15
F(the listed addresses.)117 678.6 Q(This is intended for mailing lists.)5 E
.384(The Errors-T)142 694.8 R .384(o: header w)-.8 F .384
(as created in the bad old days when UUCP didn')-.1 F 2.885(tu)-.18 G .385
(nderstand the)450.015 694.8 R .89(distinction between an en)117 706.8 R -.15
(ve)-.4 G .89(lope and a header; this w).15 F .889(as a hack to pro)-.1 F .889
(vide what should no)-.15 F 3.389(wb)-.25 G(e)499.56 706.8 Q(passed as the en)
117 718.8 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope sender address.).15 E(It should go a)5 E -.1(wa)
-.15 G 3.8 -.65(y. I).1 H 2.5(ti).65 G 2.5(so)365.22 718.8 S(nly used if the)
376.61 718.8 Q F0(l)2.5 E F1(option is set.)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-15)452.9 60 Q 2.5(2.7.3. A)102 96 R(ppar)-.25 E(ently-T)-.18 E(o:)-.92
E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .22
(If a message comes in with no recipients listed in the message \(in a T)142
112.2 R .22(o:, Cc:, or Bcc: line\))-.8 F(then)117 124.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(sendmail)2.79 E F1 .29(will add an \231)2.79 F(Apparently-T)-.8 E .289
(o:\232 header line for an)-.8 F 2.789(yr)-.15 G .289(ecipients it is a)378.086
124.2 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .289(re of.).1 F .289(This is)5.289 F
(not put in as a standard recipient line to w)117 136.2 Q(arn an)-.1 E 2.5(yr)
-.15 G(ecipients that the list is not complete.)319.77 136.2 Q
(At least one recipient line is required under RFC 822.)142 152.4 Q F0 2.5
(2.8. IDENT)87 176.4 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 E F2(Sendmail)127 192.6 Q
F1 1.835(supports the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)4.335 F 1.835
(Although this enhances)6.835 F .29
(identi\214cation of the author of an email message by doing a `)102 204.6 R
.289(`call back')-.74 F 2.789('t)-.74 G 2.789(ot)396.174 204.6 S .289
(he originating system to)406.743 204.6 R .468(include the o)102 216.6 R .469(\
wner of a particular TCP connection in the audit trail it is in no sense perfe\
ct; a deter)-.25 F(-)-.2 E 1.294(mined for)102 228.6 R 1.294
(ger can easily spoof the IDENT protocol.)-.18 F 1.294(The follo)6.294 F 1.294
(wing description is e)-.25 F 1.293(xcerpted from)-.15 F(RFC 1413: 6.)102 240.6
Q(Security Considerations)5 E .005
(The information returned by this protocol is at most as trustw)127 256.8 R
(orth)-.1 E 2.506(ya)-.05 G 2.506(st)400.5 256.8 S .006(he host pro)409.676
256.8 R .006(viding it OR)-.15 F .274(the or)127 268.8 R -.05(ga)-.18 G .274
(nization operating the host.).05 F -.15(Fo)5.274 G 2.774(re).15 G .273
(xample, a PC in an open lab has fe)295.314 268.8 R 2.773(wi)-.25 G 2.773(fa)
448.614 268.8 S .573 -.15(ny c)459.157 268.8 T(ontrols).15 E .986(on it to pre)
127 280.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .986(nt a user from ha).15 F .986
(ving this protocol return an)-.2 F 3.486(yi)-.15 G .987
(denti\214er the user w)378.052 280.8 R 3.487(ants. Lik)-.1 F(e-)-.1 E 1.441(w\
ise, if the host has been compromised the information returned may be complete\
ly erro-)127 292.8 R(neous and misleading.)127 304.8 Q .521(The Identi\214cati\
on Protocol is not intended as an authorization or access control protocol.)127
321 R(At)5.521 E 1.037(best, it pro)127 333 R 1.037
(vides some additional auditing information with respect to TCP connections.)
-.15 F(At)6.036 E -.1(wo)127 345 S(rst, it can pro).1 E
(vide misleading, incorrect, or maliciously incorrect information.)-.15 E 1.006
(The use of the information returned by this protocol for other than auditing \
is strongly dis-)127 361.2 R 2.697(couraged. Speci\214cally)127 373.2 R 2.697
(,u)-.65 G .197(sing Identi\214cation Protocol information to mak)228.114 373.2
R 2.697(ea)-.1 G .197(ccess control deci-)429.186 373.2 R .514(sions - either \
as the primary method \(i.e., no other checks\) or as an adjunct to other meth\
ods)127 385.2 R(may result in a weak)127 397.2 Q(ening of normal host security)
-.1 E(.)-.65 E 1.779(An Identi\214cation serv)127 413.4 R 1.778(er may re)-.15
F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.778
(al information about users, entities, objects or processes).15 F .336
(which might normally be considered pri)127 425.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G 2.836
(te. An).25 F .337(Identi\214cation serv)2.836 F .337(er pro)-.15 F .337
(vides service which)-.15 F .806
(is a rough analog of the CallerID services pro)127 437.4 R .806
(vided by some phone companies and man)-.15 F 3.306(yo)-.15 G(f)500.67 437.4 Q
1.397(the same pri)127 449.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G 1.697 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.397
(onsiderations and ar).15 F 1.398
(guments that apply to the CallerID service apply to)-.18 F 3.546
(Identi\214cation. If)127 461.4 R 1.046(you w)3.546 F(ouldn')-.1 E 3.546(tr)
-.18 G 1.045(un a "\214nger" serv)260.334 461.4 R 1.045(er due to pri)-.15 F
-.25(va)-.25 G 1.345 -.15(cy c).25 H 1.045(onsiderations you may).15 F(not w)
127 473.4 Q(ant to run this protocol.)-.1 E F0 2.5(3. ARGUMENTS)72 497.4 R F1
.017(The complete list of ar)112 513.6 R .017(guments to)-.18 F F2(sendmail)
2.517 E F1 .017(is described in detail in Appendix A.)2.517 F .018
(Some important)5.018 F(ar)87 525.6 Q(guments are described here.)-.18 E F0 2.5
(3.1. Queue)87 549.6 R(Inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .455(The amount of t\
ime between forking a process to run through the queue is de\214ned by the)127
565.8 R F0<ad71>2.955 E F1 2.705(\215ag. If)102 577.8 R .206(you run in mode)
2.705 F F0(f)2.706 E F1(or)2.706 E F0(a)2.706 E F1 .206(this can be relati)
2.706 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .206(ly lar).15 F .206(ge, since it will only be rele)
-.18 F -.25(va)-.25 G .206(nt when a host).25 F .07(that w)102 589.8 R .07
(as do)-.1 F .07(wn comes back up.)-.25 F .07(If you run in)5.07 F F0(q)2.57 E
F1 .07(mode it should be relati)2.57 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .07
(ly short, since it de\214nes the).15 F
(maximum amount of time that a message may sit in the queue.)102 601.8 Q 1.335
(RFC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 says that this v)127 618 R 1.336
(alue should be at least 30 minutes \(although that)-.25 F(probably doesn')102
630 Q 2.5(tm)-.18 G(ak)179.59 630 Q 2.5(es)-.1 G(ense if you use `)199.76 630 Q
(`queue-only')-.74 E 2.5('m)-.74 G(ode\).)329.08 630 Q F0 2.5(3.2. Daemon)87
654 R(Mode)2.5 E F1 .085(If you allo)127 670.2 R 2.585(wi)-.25 G .085
(ncoming mail o)181.165 670.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.585(ra).15 G 2.585(nI)263.61
670.2 S .085(PC connection, you should ha)274.525 670.2 R .384 -.15(ve a d)-.2
H .084(aemon running.).15 F(This)5.084 E .069(should be set by your)102 682.2 R
F2(/etc/r)2.569 E(c)-.37 E F1 .069(\214le using the)2.569 F F0(\255bd)2.569 E
F1 2.57(\215ag. The)2.569 F F0(\255bd)2.57 E F1 .07(\215ag and the)2.57 F F0
<ad71>2.57 E F1 .07(\215ag may be combined)2.57 F(in one call:)102 694.2 Q
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255bd \255q30m)142 710.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-16 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(3.3. F)87 96 R(or)-.25 E
(cing the Queue)-.18 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .04(In some cases you may \214nd\
 that the queue has gotten clogged for some reason.)127 112.2 R -1.1(Yo)5.04 G
2.54(uc)1.1 G .04(an force)471.48 112.2 R 3.184(aq)102 124.2 S .684
(ueue run using the)114.624 124.2 R F0<ad71>3.184 E F1 .684(\215ag \(with no v)
3.184 F 3.184(alue\). It)-.25 F .684(is entertaining to use the)3.184 F F0
<ad76>3.185 E F1 .685(\215ag \(v)3.185 F .685(erbose\) when)-.15 F
(this is done to w)102 136.2 Q(atch what happens:)-.1 E
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255q \255v)142 152.4 Q -1.1(Yo)127 172.8 S 4.004(uc)1.1 G
1.504(an also limit the jobs to those with a particular queue identi\214er)
151.564 172.8 R 4.004(,s)-.4 G(ender)428.362 172.8 Q 4.004(,o)-.4 G 4.004(rr)
461.676 172.8 S(ecipient)472.34 172.8 Q .686
(using one of the queue modi\214ers.)102 184.8 R -.15(Fo)5.687 G 3.187(re).15 G
.687(xample, \231\255qRberk)265.654 184.8 R(ele)-.1 E .687
(y\232 restricts the queue run to jobs that)-.15 F(ha)102 196.8 Q .526 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .226(he string \231berk).15 F(ele)-.1 E .226(y\232 some)-.15 F .225
(where in one of the recipient addresses.)-.25 F(Similarly)5.225 E 2.725<2c99>
-.65 G .225(\255qSstring\232 lim-)441.185 196.8 R(its the run to particular se\
nders and \231\255qIstring\232 limits it to particular identi\214ers.)102 208.8
Q F0 2.5(3.4. Deb)87 232.8 R(ugging)-.2 E F1 1.365(There are a f)127 249 R
1.365(airly lar)-.1 F 1.365(ge number of deb)-.18 F 1.365(ug \215ags b)-.2 F
1.365(uilt into)-.2 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.865 E F1 6.365(.E)C
1.365(ach deb)417.65 249 R 1.365(ug \215ag has a)-.2 F 1.116(number and a le)
102 261 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116(l, where higher le).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.116
(ls means to print out more information.).15 F 1.116(The con)6.116 F -.15(ve)
-.4 G 1.116(ntion is).15 F .293(that le)102 273 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .293
(ls greater than nine are \231absurd,).15 F 2.794<9a69>-.7 G .294(.e., the)
274.014 273 R 2.794(yp)-.15 G .294(rint out so much information that you w)
313.612 273 R(ouldn')-.1 E(t)-.18 E .692(normally w)102 285 R .692
(ant to see them e)-.1 F .692(xcept for deb)-.15 F .692
(ugging that particular piece of code.)-.2 F(Deb)5.692 E .691
(ug \215ags are set)-.2 F(using the)102 297 Q F0<ad64>2.5 E F1
(option; the syntax is:)2.5 E(deb)142 313.2 Q(ug-\215ag:)-.2 E F0<ad64>200.13
313.2 Q F1(deb)2.5 E(ug-list)-.2 E(deb)142 325.2 Q 13.05(ug-list: deb)-.2 F
(ug-option [ , deb)-.2 E(ug-option ])-.2 E(deb)142 337.2 Q -.28(ug-option: deb)
-.2 F(ug-range [ . deb)-.2 E(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l]).15 G(deb)142
349.2 Q 3.07(ug-range: inte)-.2 F(ger | inte)-.15 E(ger \255 inte)-.15 E(ger)
-.15 E(deb)142 361.2 Q(ug-le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 6.24(l: inte).15 F(ger)-.15 E
(where spaces are for reading ease only)102 377.4 Q 5(.F)-.65 G(or e)268.64
377.4 Q(xample,)-.15 E 34.99(\255d12 Set)142 393.6 R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 27.49(\255d12.3 Set)142 405.6 R(\215ag 12 to le)2.5 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l3).15 G 26.66(\255d3-17 Set)142 417.6 R
(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l1).15 G 19.16
(\255d3-17.4 Set)142 429.6 R(\215ags 3 through 17 to le)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(l4).15 G -.15(Fo)102 445.8 S 4.065(rac).15 G 1.565(omplete list of the a)
132.75 445.8 R -.25(va)-.2 G 1.565(ilable deb).25 F 1.565
(ug \215ags you will ha)-.2 F 1.865 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.065(ol).15 G 1.566
(ook at the code \(the)380.895 445.8 R 4.066(ya)-.15 G 1.566(re too)479.384
445.8 R(dynamic to k)102 457.8 Q(eep this documentation up to date\).)-.1 E F0
2.5(3.5. T)87 481.8 R(rying a Differ)-.74 E(ent Con\214guration File)-.18 E F1
(An alternati)127 498 Q .3 -.15(ve c)-.25 H
(on\214guration \214le can be speci\214ed using the).15 E F0<ad43>2.5 E F1
(\215ag; for e)2.5 E(xample,)-.15 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255Ctest.cf)142 514.2 Q
.429(uses the con\214guration \214le)102 530.4 R F2(test.cf)2.928 E F1 .428
(instead of the def)2.928 F(ault)-.1 E F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)2.928 E(.)-.15 E F1
.428(If the)5.428 F F0<ad43>2.928 E F1 .428(\215ag has no v)2.928 F(alue)-.25 E
(it def)102 542.4 Q(aults to)-.1 E F2(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(in the current directory)2.5 E(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(3.6. Changing)87 566.4 R(the V)
2.5 E(alues of Options)-.92 E F1(Options can be o)127 582.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G
(rridden using the).15 E F0<ad6f>2.5 E F1 2.5(\215ag. F)2.5 F(or e)-.15 E
(xample,)-.15 E(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT2m)142 598.8 Q(sets the)102 615 Q F0
(T)2.5 E F1(\(timeout\) option to tw)2.5 E 2.5(om)-.1 G
(inutes for this run only)246.63 615 Q(.)-.65 E .181(Some options ha)127 631.2
R .481 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .181(ecurity implications.).15 F .181(Sendmail allo)
5.181 F .182(ws you to set these, b)-.25 F .182(ut refuses to run)-.2 F
(as root thereafter)102 643.2 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(3.7. Logging)87 667.2 R -.74
(Tr)2.5 G(af\214c).74 E F1(Man)127 683.4 Q 3.255(yS)-.15 G .754
(MTP implementations do not fully implement the protocol.)158.995 683.4 R -.15
(Fo)5.754 G 3.254(re).15 G .754(xample, some per)428.542 683.4 R(-)-.2 E 1.178
(sonal computer based SMTPs do not understand continuation lines in reply code\
s.)102 695.4 R 1.178(These can be)6.178 F -.15(ve)102 707.4 S .13
(ry hard to trace.).15 F .13(If you suspect such a problem, you can set traf)
5.13 F .13(\214c logging using the)-.25 F F0<ad58>2.63 E F1 2.63(\215ag. F)2.63
F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)102 719.4 S(ample,).15 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-17)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255X /tmp/traf)142 96 Q(\214c -bd)-.25 E
(will log all traf)102 112.2 Q(\214c in the \214le)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(/tmp/tr)2.5 E(af)-.15 E<8c63>-.18 E F1(.)A .128(This logs a lot of data v)
127 128.4 R .128(ery quickly and should ne)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628(rb).15 G
2.628(eu)345.888 128.4 S .128(sed during normal operations.)357.956 128.4 R
(After)5.129 E 1.326(starting up such a daemon, force the errant implementatio\
n to send a message to your host.)102 140.4 R(All)6.326 E .504(message traf)102
152.4 R .504(\214c in and out of)-.25 F F2(sendmail)3.004 E F1 3.004(,i)C .504
(ncluding the incoming SMTP traf)265.258 152.4 R .505
(\214c, will be logged in this)-.25 F(\214le.)102 164.4 Q F0 2.5(4. TUNING)72
188.4 R F1 1.922(There are a number of con\214guration parameters you may w)112
204.6 R 1.922(ant to change, depending on the)-.1 F .366
(requirements of your site.)87 216.6 R .367
(Most of these are set using an option in the con\214guration \214le.)5.366 F
-.15(Fo)5.367 G 2.867(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 216.6 Q(the line \231O)87 228.6 Q
(T5d\232 sets option \231T\232 to the v)-.4 E(alue \2315d\232 \(\214v)-.25 E
2.5(ed)-.15 G(ays\).)312.55 228.6 Q .735(Most of these options ha)112 244.8 R
1.035 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .735(ppropriate def).15 F .735(aults for most sites.)-.1
F(Ho)5.735 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.535 -.4(r, s).15 H .735(ites ha).4 F
.735(ving v)-.2 F .735(ery high)-.15 F .045(mail loads may \214nd the)87 256.8
R 2.545(yn)-.15 G .046(eed to tune them as appropriate for their mail load.)
193.465 256.8 R .046(In particular)5.046 F 2.546(,s)-.4 G .046(ites e)459.394
256.8 R(xperi-)-.15 E 1.088(encing a lar)87 268.8 R 1.088
(ge number of small messages, man)-.18 F 3.588(yo)-.15 G 3.587(fw)294.504 268.8
S 1.087(hich are deli)308.641 268.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.087(red to man).15 F
3.587(yr)-.15 G 1.087(ecipients, may \214nd)425.996 268.8 R(that the)87 280.8 Q
2.5(yn)-.15 G(eed to adjust the parameters dealing with queue priorities.)
129.07 280.8 Q F0 2.5(4.1. T)87 304.8 R(imeouts)-.18 E F1 .582(All time interv)
127 321 R .583(als are set using a scaled syntax.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.583 G 3.083
(re).15 G .583(xample, \23110m\232 represents ten minutes,)346.138 321 R
(whereas \2312h30m\232 represents tw)102 333 Q 2.5(oa)-.1 G(nd a half hours.)
241.3 333 Q(The full set of scales is:)5 E 16.11(ss)142 349.2 S(econds)165.89
349.2 Q 12.22(mm)142 361.2 S(inutes)169.78 361.2 Q 15(hh)142 373.2 S(ours)167
373.2 Q 15(dd)142 385.2 S(ays)167 385.2 Q 12.78(ww)142 397.2 S(eeks)169.22
397.2 Q F0 2.5(4.1.1. Queue)102 425.4 R(inter)2.5 E -.1(va)-.1 G(l).1 E F1 .18
(The ar)142 441.6 R .18(gument to the)-.18 F F0<ad71>2.68 E F1 .18
(\215ag speci\214es ho)2.68 F 2.68(wo)-.25 G .18
(ften a sub-daemon will run the queue.)319.25 441.6 R .18(This is)5.18 F .967
(typically set to between \214fteen minutes and one hour)117 453.6 R 5.968(.R)
-.55 G .968(FC 1123 section 5.3.1.1 recommends)350.968 453.6 R
(that this be at least 30 minutes.)117 465.6 Q F0 2.5(4.1.2. Read)102 489.6 R
(timeouts)2.5 E F1 .51(It is possible to time out when reading the standard in\
put or when reading from a remote)142 505.8 R .324(SMTP serv)117 517.8 R(er)
-.15 E 5.324(.T)-.55 G .324(hese timeouts are set using the)183.608 517.8 R F0
(r)2.824 E F1 .324(option in the con\214guration \214le.)2.824 F .324(The ar)
5.324 F(gument)-.18 E .843(is a list of)117 529.8 R F2 -.1(ke)3.342 G(ywor)-.2
E(d=value)-.37 E F1 3.342(pairs. The)3.342 F .842(recognized k)3.342 F -.15(ey)
-.1 G -.1(wo).15 G .842(rds, their def).1 F .842(ault v)-.1 F .842
(alues, and the mini-)-.25 F(mum v)117 541.8 Q(alues allo)-.25 E
(wed by RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 46.16(initial The)117 558 R -.1(wa)
2.5 G(it for the initial 220 greeting message [5m, 5m].).1 E 52.28(helo The)117
574.2 R -.1(wa)4.226 G 1.727
(it for a reply from a HELO or EHLO command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 F .1
(This may require a host name lookup, so \214v)189 586.2 R 2.6(em)-.15 G .1
(inutes is probably a reasonable)380.29 586.2 R(minimum.)189 598.2 Q 46.72
(mail\207 The)117 614.4 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for a reply from a MAIL command [10m, 5m].).1 E 48.95(rcpt\207 The)117
630.6 R -.1(wa)3.481 G .981(it for a reply from a RCPT command [1h, 5m].).1 F
.982(This should be long)5.982 F
(because it could be pointing at a list that tak)189 642.6 Q
(es a long time to e)-.1 E(xpand.)-.15 E 34.5(datainit\207 The)117 658.8 R -.1
(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a D).1 E -1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H
(command [5m, 2m].)3.61 E 25.62(datablock\207 The)117 675 R -.1(wa)2.696 G .196
(it for reading a data block \(that is, the body of the message\).).1 F .196
([1h, 3m].)5.196 F .621
(This should be long because it also applies to programs piping input to)189
687 R F2(send-)3.121 E(mail)189 699 Q F1(which ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.5
(og).15 G(uarantee of promptness.)274.75 699 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-18 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 30.06
(data\214nal\207 The)117 96 R -.1(wa)2.806 G .306
(it for a reply from the dot terminating a message.).1 F .306([1h, 10m].)5.306
F .306(If this is)5.306 F .883
(shorter than the time actually needed for the recei)189 108 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
3.384(rt).15 G 3.384(od)412.878 108 S(eli)426.262 108 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.384
(rt).15 G .884(he message,)454.796 108 R(duplicates will be generated.)189 120
Q(This is discussed in RFC 1047.)5 E 55.06(rset The)117 136.2 R -.1(wa)2.5 G
(it for a reply from a RSET command [5m, unspeci\214ed].).1 E 53.94(quit The)
117 152.4 R -.1(wa)2.5 G(it for a reply from a Q).1 E
(UIT command [2m, unspeci\214ed].)-.1 E 50.61(misc The)117 168.6 R -.1(wa)2.761
G .261(it for a reply from miscellaneous \(b).1 F .261
(ut short\) commands such as NOOP)-.2 F(\(no-operation\) and VERB \(go into v)
189 180.6 Q(erbose mode\).)-.15 E([2m, unspeci\214ed].)5 E 25.06
(command\207 In)117 196.8 R(serv)2.5 E(er SMTP)-.15 E 2.5(,t)-1.11 G
(he time to w)259.4 196.8 Q(ait for another command.)-.1 E([1h, 5m].)5 E -.15
(Fo)117 213 S 3.633(rc).15 G 1.134
(ompatibility with old con\214guration \214les, if no `)138.813 213 R(`k)-.74 E
-.15(ey)-.1 G -.1(wo).15 G(rd=').1 E 3.634('i)-.74 G 3.634(ss)390.854 213 S
1.134(peci\214ed, all the timeouts)402.268 213 R(mark)117 225 Q
(ed with \207 are set to the indicated v)-.1 E(alue.)-.25 E(Man)142 241.2 Q
2.501(yo)-.15 G 2.501(ft)172.681 241.2 S .001(he RFC 1123 minimum v)181.292
241.2 R .001(alues may well be too short.)-.25 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(Sendmail)5 E F1 -.1(wa)2.5 G 2.5(sd).1 G(esigned to)463.17 241.2 Q .066
(the RFC 822 protocols, which did not specify read timeouts; hence,)117 253.2 R
F2(sendmail)2.567 E F1 .067(does not guarantee)2.567 F .438
(to reply to messages promptly)117 265.2 R 5.438(.I)-.65 G 2.938(np)249.92
265.2 S(articular)262.858 265.2 Q 2.938(,a\231)-.4 G .438
(RCPT\232 command specifying a mailing list will)313.034 265.2 R -.15(ex)117
279.2 S .205(pand and v).15 F .205(erify the entire list; a lar)-.15 F .205
(ge list on a slo)-.18 F 2.705(ws)-.25 G .205(ystem may tak)339.81 279.2 R
2.705(em)-.1 G .205(ore than \214v)413.375 279.2 R 2.705(em)-.15 G(inutes)
474.11 279.2 Q/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(6)498 275.2 Q F1(.)501.5 279.2 Q 3.036(Ir)
117 291.2 S .536(ecommend a one hour timeout \212 since this f)126.696 291.2 R
.536(ailure is rare, a long timeout is not onerous and)-.1 F
(may ultimately help reduce netw)117 303.2 Q(ork load.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)142 319.4
S 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the line:)162.53 319.4 Q(Orcommand=25m,datablock=3h)157
335.6 Q .344(sets the serv)117 351.8 R .344(er SMTP command timeout to 25 minu\
tes and the input data block timeout to three)-.15 F(hours.)117 363.8 Q F0 2.5
(4.1.3. Message)102 387.8 R(timeouts)2.5 E F1 .237
(After sitting in the queue for a fe)142 404 R 2.737(wd)-.25 G .237
(ays, a message will time out.)289.726 404 R .238(This is to insure that at)
5.238 F .283(least the sender is a)117 416 R -.1(wa)-.15 G .282
(re of the inability to send a message.).1 F .282
(The timeout is typically set to three)5.282 F 2.5(days. This)117 428 R
(timeout is set using the)2.5 E F0(T)2.5 E F1
(option in the con\214guration \214le.)2.5 E .413(The time of submission is se\
t in the queue, rather than the amount of time left until time-)142 444.2 R
3.263(out. As)117 456.2 R 3.263(ar)3.263 G .763
(esult, you can \215ush messages that ha)163.449 456.2 R 1.062 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
.762(een hanging for a short period by running).15 F
(the queue with a short message timeout.)117 468.2 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample,)302.79 468.2 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail \255oT1d \255q)157 484.4 Q
(will run the queue and \215ush an)117 500.6 Q(ything that is one day old.)-.15
E 1.077(Since this option is global, and since you can not)142 516.8 R F2 3.577
(ap)3.577 G(riori)364.395 516.8 Q F1(kno)3.577 E 3.577(wh)-.25 G 1.577 -.25
(ow l)416.859 516.8 T 1.077(ong another host).25 F .476
(outside your domain will be do)117 528.8 R .475(wn, a \214v)-.25 F 2.975(ed)
-.15 G .475(ay timeout is recommended.)291.785 528.8 R .475(This allo)5.475 F
.475(ws a recipient)-.25 F 1.579(to \214x the problem e)117 540.8 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 4.079(ni).15 G 4.079(fi)222.545 540.8 S 4.079(to)232.734 540.8 S 1.579
(ccurs at the be)244.593 540.8 R 1.58(ginning of a long week)-.15 F 4.08
(end. RFC)-.1 F 1.58(1123 section)4.08 F
(5.3.1.1 says that this parameter should be `)117 552.8 Q
(`at least 4\2555 days')-.74 E('.)-.74 E(The)142 569 Q F0(T)2.711 E F1 .211
(option can also tak)2.711 F 2.711(eas)-.1 G .21
(econd timeout indicating a time after which a w)263.637 569 R .21(arning mes-)
-.1 F(sage should be sent; the tw)117 581 Q 2.5(ot)-.1 G
(imeouts are separated by a slash.)234.67 581 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the v)391.28 581 Q(alue)-.25 E(5d/4h)157 597.2 Q .971
(causes email to f)117 613.4 R .971(ail after \214v)-.1 F 3.471(ed)-.15 G .971
(ays, b)245.326 613.4 R .971(ut a w)-.2 F .971
(arning message will be sent after four hours.)-.1 F(This)5.972 E
(should be lar)117 625.4 Q(ge enough that the message will ha)-.18 E .3 -.15
(ve b)-.2 H(een tried se).15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral times.).15 E .32 LW 76 669.2
72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80 669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92
669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100 669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100
669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108 669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL
120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL 128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2
128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2 136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2
DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2 DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160
669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168 669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168
669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176 669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL
188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL 196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2
196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2 204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2
DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(6)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8
/Times-Roman@0 SF .344(This v)3.2 J .344(eri\214cation includes looking up e)
-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G .344(ry address with the name serv).12 F .344(er; this in)
-.12 F -.16(vo)-.32 G(lv).16 E .344(es netw)-.12 F .343
(ork delays, and can in some cases)-.08 F(can be considerable.)72 692.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-19)452.9 60 Q 2.5(4.2. F)87 96 R(orking During Queue Runs)-.25 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF .303(By setting the)127 112.2 R F0(Y)2.802 E F1(option,)2.802
E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.802 E F1 .302(will fork before each indi)
2.802 F .302(vidual message while running the)-.25 F 2.513(queue. This)102
124.2 R .013(will pre)2.513 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)2.513 E F1
.013(from consuming lar)2.513 F .013(ge amounts of memory)-.18 F 2.513(,s)-.65
G 2.513(oi)421.993 124.2 S 2.513(tm)432.286 124.2 S .014(ay be useful in)
445.359 124.2 R .592(memory-poor en)102 136.2 R 3.092(vironments. Ho)-.4 F(we)
-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.392 -.4(r, i).15 H 3.092(ft).4 G(he)275.388 136.2 Q F0
(Y)3.092 E F1 .591(option is not set,)3.091 F F2(sendmail)3.091 E F1 .591
(will k)3.091 F .591(eep track of hosts)-.1 F(that are do)102 148.2 Q
(wn during a queue run, which can impro)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve p)-.15 H
(erformance dramatically).15 E(.)-.65 E(If the)127 164.4 Q F0(Y)2.5 E F1
(option is set,)2.5 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(can not use connection caching.)2.5
E F0 2.5(4.3. Queue)87 188.4 R(Priorities)2.5 E F1(Ev)127 204.6 Q 1.128(ery me\
ssage is assigned a priority when it is \214rst instantiated, consisting of th\
e message)-.15 F .003(size \(in bytes\) of)102 216.6 R .002
(fset by the message class times the \231w)-.25 F .002(ork class f)-.1 F .002
(actor\232 and the number of recipients)-.1 F .637(times the \231w)102 228.6 R
.637(ork recipient f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 4.537 -.7(.\232 T)-.55 H .638
(he priority is used to order the queue.).7 F .638(Higher numbers for the)5.638
F(priority mean that the message will be processed later when running the queu\
e.)102 240.6 Q .329(The message size is included so that lar)127 256.8 R .328
(ge messages are penalized relati)-.18 F .628 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.828(os).15 G
.328(mall messages.)443.122 256.8 R .285(The message class allo)102 268.8 R
.285(ws users to send \231high priority\232 messages by including a \231Preced\
ence:\232 \214eld)-.25 F .008(in their message; the v)102 280.8 R .008
(alue of this \214eld is look)-.25 F .007(ed up in the)-.1 F F0(P)2.507 E F1
.007(lines of the con\214guration \214le.)2.507 F .007(Since the)5.007 F 1.966
(number of recipients af)102 292.8 R 1.967
(fects the amount of load a message presents to the system, this is also)-.25 F
(included into the priority)102 304.8 Q(.)-.65 E .895
(The recipient and class f)127 321 R .895
(actors can be set in the con\214guration \214le using the)-.1 F F0(y)3.394 E
F1(and)3.394 E F0(z)3.394 E F1(options)3.394 E(respecti)102 333 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ly).15 E 5.962(.T)-.65 G(he)163.842 333 Q 3.462(yd)-.15 G(ef)186.594 333 Q
.962(ault to 30000 \(for the recipient f)-.1 F .963
(actor\) and 1800 \(for the class f)-.1 F 3.463(actor\). The)-.1 F
(initial priority is:)102 345 Q F2(pri)244.54 363 Q/F3 10/Symbol SF(=)3.16 E F1
(\()2.8 E F2(class).2 E F3<b4>2.47 E F0(z\))2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E F1(\()2.2 E F2
(nrcpt).36 E F3<b4>2.88 E F0(y\))2.2 E F1(\(Remember)102 381 Q 3.328(,h)-.4 G
.828(igher v)159.638 381 R .828
(alues for this parameter actually mean that the job will be treated with lo)
-.25 F(wer)-.25 E(priority)102 393 Q(.\))-.65 E 1.519(The priority of a job ca\
n also be adjusted each time it is processed \(that is, each time an)127 409.2
R .256(attempt is made to deli)102 421.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.756(ri).15 G .256
(t\) using the \231w)212.04 421.2 R .256(ork time f)-.1 F(actor)-.1 E 1.656 -.7
(,\232 s)-.4 H .256(et by the).7 F F0(Z)2.756 E F1 2.756(option. This)2.756 F
.256(is added to the)2.756 F(priority)102 433.2 Q 2.702(,s)-.65 G 2.703(oi)
140.442 433.2 S 2.703(tn)150.925 433.2 S .203
(ormally decreases the precedence of the job, on the grounds that jobs that ha)
161.408 433.2 R .503 -.15(ve f)-.2 H(ailed).05 E(man)102 445.2 Q 2.5(yt)-.15 G
(imes will tend to f)129.35 445.2 Q(ail ag)-.1 E(ain in the future.)-.05 E(The)
5 E F0(Z)2.5 E F1(option def)2.5 E(aults to 90000.)-.1 E F0 2.5(4.4. Load)87
469.2 R(Limiting)2.5 E F2(Sendmail)127 485.4 Q F1 .102(can be ask)2.602 F .101
(ed to queue \(b)-.1 F .101(ut not deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .101
(r\) mail if the system load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .101(rage gets too high).15
F .626(using the)102 497.4 R F0(x)3.126 E F1 3.126(option. When)3.126 F .626
(the load a)3.126 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .626(rage e).15 F .626(xceeds the v)-.15 F
.626(alue of the)-.25 F F0(x)3.126 E F1 .626(option, the deli)3.126 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G .627(ry mode is).15 F .987(set to)102 509.4 R F0(q)3.487 E F1 .987
(\(queue only\) if the)3.487 F F2 .987(Queue F)3.487 F(actor)-.75 E F1(\()3.487
E F0(q)A F1 .987(option\) di)3.487 F .986(vided by the dif)-.25 F .986
(ference in the current load)-.25 F -2.25 -.2(av e)102 521.4 T 1.268
(rage and the).2 F F0(x)3.769 E F1 1.269(option plus one e)3.769 F 1.269
(xceeds the priority of the message \212 that is, the message is)-.15 F
(queued if)102 533.4 Q(f:)-.25 E F2(pri)269.76 554.63 Q F1(>)3.16 E F0(q)312.48
547.63 Q F2(LA)294.81 561.63 Q F3(-)2.23 E F0(x)2.2 E F3(+)2.2 E .4 LW 336.29
552.03 294.23 552.03 DL F1(1)331.29 561.63 Q(The)102 576.13 Q F0(q)3.143 E F1
.643(option def)3.143 F .642(aults to 200000, so each point of load a)-.1 F
-.15(ve)-.2 G .642(rage is w).15 F .642(orth 200000 priority points \(as)-.1 F
(described abo)102 588.13 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(\).).15 E -.15(Fo)127 604.33 S 2.886
(rd).15 G .386(rastic cases, the)148.626 604.33 R F0(X)2.887 E F1 .387
(option de\214nes a load a)2.887 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .387
(rage at which sendmail will refuse to accept).15 F(netw)102 616.33 Q
(ork connections.)-.1 E
(Locally generated mail \(including incoming UUCP mail\) is still accepted.)5 E
F0 2.5(4.5. Deli)87 640.33 R -.1(ve)-.1 G(ry Mode).1 E F1 .417
(There are a number of deli)127 656.53 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .416(ry modes that).15
F F2(sendmail)2.916 E F1 .416
(can operate in, set by the \231d\232 con\214gura-)2.916 F(tion option.)102
668.53 Q(These modes specify ho)5 E 2.5(wq)-.25 G(uickly mail will be deli)
263.96 668.53 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(red. Le).15 F -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lm).05 G
(odes are:)418.9 668.53 Q 17.22(id)142 684.73 S(eli)167 684.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)194.65 684.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E
15(bd)142 696.73 S(eli)167 696.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)194.65
696.73 S(ackground \(asynchronously\))207.15 696.73 Q 15(qq)142 708.73 S
(ueue only \(don')167 708.73 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(eli)240.42 708.73 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(r\)).15 E 1.49(There are tradeof)102 724.93 R 3.99(fs. Mode)-.25 F 1.491
(\231i\232 passes the maximum amount of information to the sender)3.99 F 3.991
(,b)-.4 G 1.491(ut is)485.559 724.93 R EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-20 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .433(hardly e)
102 96 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.933(rn).15 G(ecessary)155.226 96 Q 5.433(.M)-.65 G
.433(ode \231q\232 puts the minimum load on your machine, b)205.269 96 R .432
(ut means that deli)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E .437
(may be delayed for up to the queue interv)102 108 R 2.937(al. Mode)-.25 F .437
(\231b\232 is probably a good compromise.)2.937 F(Ho)5.437 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G -.4(r,).15 G .033(this mode can cause lar)102 120 R .032
(ge numbers of processes if you ha)-.18 F .332 -.15(ve a m)-.2 H .032
(ailer that tak).15 F .032(es a long time to deli)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E
2.5(am)102 132 S(essage.)116.72 132 Q 1.208
(If you run in mode \231q\232 \(queue only\))127 148.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(sendmail)3.708 E F1 1.208(will not e)3.708 F 1.208(xpand aliases and follo)
-.15 F 3.708(w.)-.25 G(forw)472.45 148.2 Q(ard)-.1 E
(\214les upon initial receipt of the mail.)102 160.2 Q
(This speeds up the response to RCPT commands.)5 E F0 2.5(4.6. Log)87 184.2 R
(Le)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 .19(The le)127 200.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.69
(lo).15 G 2.69(fl)171.97 200.4 S .189(ogging can be set for sendmail.)180.77
200.4 R .189(The def)5.189 F .189(ault using a standard con\214guration table)
-.1 F(is le)102 212.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(l9).15 G 5(.T)137.71 212.4 S(he le)
151.32 212.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ls are as follo).15 E(ws:)-.25 E 31(0N)102 228.6
S 2.5(ol)145.22 228.6 S(ogging.)155.5 228.6 Q 31(1S)102 244.8 S
(erious system f)143.56 244.8 Q(ailures and potential security problems.)-.1 E
31(2L)102 261 S(ost communications \(netw)144.11 261 Q
(ork problems\) and protocol f)-.1 E(ailures.)-.1 E 31(3O)102 277.2 S
(ther serious f)145.22 277.2 Q(ailures.)-.1 E 31(4M)102 293.4 S(inor f)146.89
293.4 Q(ailures.)-.1 E 31(5M)102 309.6 S(essage collection statistics.)146.89
309.6 Q 31(6C)102 325.8 S(reation of error messages, VRFY and EXPN commands.)
144.67 325.8 Q 31(7D)102 342 S(eli)145.22 342 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry f).15 E
(ailures \(host or user unkno)-.1 E(wn, etc.\).)-.25 E 31(8S)102 358.2 S
(uccessful deli)143.56 358.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ries.).15 E 31(9M)102 374.4 S
(essages being deferred \(due to a host being do)146.89 374.4 Q(wn, etc.\).)
-.25 E 23.5(10 Database)102 390.6 R -.15(ex)2.5 G(pansion \(alias, forw).15 E
(ard, and userdb lookups\).)-.1 E 23.5(15 Automatic)102 406.8 R
(alias database reb)2.5 E(uilds.)-.2 E 23.5(20 Logs)102 423 R .603
(attempts to run lock)3.102 F .603(ed queue \214les.)-.1 F .603
(These are not errors, b)5.603 F .603(ut can be useful to note if)-.2 F
(your queue appears to be clogged.)138 435 Q 23.5(30 Lost)102 451.2 R
(locks \(only if using lockf instead of \215ock\).)2.5 E(Additionally)102 467.4
Q 3.684(,v)-.65 G 1.184(alues abo)162.844 467.4 R 1.484 -.15(ve 6)-.15 H 3.684
(4a).15 G 1.183(re reserv)232.466 467.4 R 1.183(ed for e)-.15 F 1.183
(xtremely v)-.15 F 1.183(erbose deb)-.15 F 1.183(uggging output.)-.2 F 1.183
(No normal)6.183 F(site w)102 479.4 Q(ould e)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G
(et these.)168.99 479.4 Q F0 2.5(4.7. File)87 503.4 R(Modes)2.5 E F1 .813
(There are a number of \214les that may ha)127 519.6 R 1.113 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H
.813(umber of modes.).15 F .813(The modes depend on what)5.813 F
(functionality you w)102 531.6 Q(ant and the le)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lo).15
G 2.5(fs)253.15 531.6 S(ecurity you require.)262.87 531.6 Q F0 2.5(4.7.1. T)102
555.6 R 2.5(os)-.92 G(uid or not to suid?)146.64 555.6 Q F2(Sendmail)142 571.8
Q F1 .934(can safely be made setuid to root.)3.434 F .934
(At the point where it is about to)5.934 F F2 -.2(ex)3.433 G(ec).2 E F1 .933
(\(2\) a)1.666 F(mailer)117 583.8 Q 2.582(,i)-.4 G 2.582(tc)150.012 583.8 S
.082(hecks to see if the userid is zero; if so, it resets the userid and group\
id to a def)159.814 583.8 R .083(ault \(set)-.1 F .577(by the)117 595.8 R F0(u)
3.077 E F1(and)3.077 E F0(g)3.077 E F1 3.077(options\). \(This)3.077 F .576
(can be o)3.076 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .576(rridden by setting the).15 F F0(S)3.076 E
F1 .576(\215ag to the mailer for mailers)3.076 F 1.531
(that are trusted and must be called as root.\))117 607.8 R(Ho)6.531 E(we)-.25
E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.331 -.4(r, t).15 H 1.532
(his will cause mail processing to be).4 F(accounted \(using)117 619.8 Q F2(sa)
2.5 E F1(\(8\)\) to root rather than to the user sending the mail.)1.666 E F0
2.5(4.7.2. Should)102 643.8 R(my alias database be writable?)2.5 E F1 .058
(At Berk)142 660 R(ele)-.1 E 2.558(yw)-.15 G 2.558(eh)200.186 660 S -2.25 -.2
(av e)212.184 660 T .058(the alias database \(/etc/aliases*\) mode 644.)2.758 F
.058(While this is not as \215e)5.058 F(x-)-.15 E 1.718
(ible as if the database were more 666, it a)117 672 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.719
(ids potential security problems with a globally).2 F(writable database.)117
684 Q 1.191(The database that)142 700.2 R F2(sendmail)3.691 E F1 1.191
(actually used is represented by the tw)3.691 F 3.69<6f8c>-.1 G(les)429.12
700.2 Q F2(aliases.dir)3.69 E F1(and)3.69 E F2(aliases.pa)117 712.2 Q(g)-.1 E
F1 .158(\(both in /etc\) \(or)2.658 F F2(aliases.db)2.658 E F1 .159
(if you are running with the ne)2.659 F 2.659(wB)-.25 G(erk)412.852 712.2 Q
(ele)-.1 E 2.659(yd)-.15 G .159(atabase prim-)449.691 712.2 R(iti)117 724.2 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 3.607(s\). The).15 F 1.107
(mode on these \214les should match the mode on /etc/aliases.)3.607 F(If)6.106
E F2(aliases)3.606 E F1 1.106(is writable)3.606 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-21)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.624(and the DBM \214les \()117
96 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(aliases.dir)A F1(and)4.124 E F2(aliases.pa)4.124 E
(g)-.1 E F1 4.124(\)a)C 1.624(re not, users will be unable to re\215ect their)
324.648 96 R .72(desired changes through to the actual database.)117 108 R(Ho)
5.719 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.519 -.4(r, i).15 H(f).4 E F2(aliases)3.219 E
F1 .719(is read-only and the DBM)3.219 F(\214les are writable, a slightly soph\
isticated user can arrange to steal mail an)117 120 Q(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E(.)-.65
E .62(If your DBM \214les are not writable by the w)142 136.2 R .621
(orld or you do not ha)-.1 F .921 -.15(ve a)-.2 H(uto-reb).15 E .621
(uild enabled)-.2 F .564(\(with the \231D\232 option\), then you must be caref\
ul to reconstruct the alias database each time you)117 148.2 R(change the te)
117 160.2 Q(xt v)-.15 E(ersion:)-.15 E(ne)157 176.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E
(If this step is ignored or for)117 192.6 Q(gotten an)-.18 E 2.5(yi)-.15 G
(ntended changes will also be ignored or for)273.32 192.6 Q(gotten.)-.18 E F0
2.5(4.8. Connection)87 216.6 R(Caching)2.5 E F1 .493
(When processing the queue,)127 232.8 R F0(sendmail)2.993 E F1 .493
(will try to k)2.993 F .493(eep the last fe)-.1 F 2.994(wo)-.25 G .494
(pen connections open to)405.588 232.8 R -.2(avo)102 244.8 S
(id startup and shutdo).2 E(wn costs.)-.25 E
(This only applies to IPC connections.)5 E .286
(When trying to open a connection the cache is \214rst searched.)127 261 R .286
(If an open connection is found,)5.286 F .92
(it is probed to see if it is still acti)102 273 R 1.22 -.15(ve b)-.25 H 3.42
(ys).15 G .92(ending a)270.89 273 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NOOP)3.42 E F1 3.42
(command. It)3.42 F .92(is not an error if this f)3.42 F(ails;)-.1 E
(instead, the connection is closed and reopened.)102 285 Q -1 -.8(Tw o)127
301.2 T .207(parameters control the connection cache.)3.507 F(The)5.207 E F0(k)
2.707 E F1 .207(option de\214nes the number of simultane-)2.707 F 1.819
(ous open connections that will be permitted.)102 313.2 R 1.82
(If it is set to zero, connections will be closed as)6.819 F .796
(quickly as possible.)102 325.2 R .796(The def)5.796 F .796(ault is one.)-.1 F
.796(This should be set as appropriate for your system size; it)5.796 F
(will limit the amount of system resources that)102 337.2 Q F0(sendmail)2.5 E
F1(will use during queue runs.)2.5 E(The)127 353.4 Q F0(K)3.647 E F1 1.148
(option speci\214es the maximum time that an)3.647 F 3.648(yc)-.15 G 1.148
(ached connection will be permitted to)347.45 353.4 R 2.896(idle. When)102
365.4 R .396(the idle time e)2.896 F .396(xceeds this v)-.15 F .396
(alue the connection is closed.)-.25 F .395(This number should be small)5.395 F
.162(\(under ten minutes\) to pre)102 377.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163
(nt you from grabbing too man).15 F 2.663(yr)-.15 G .163
(esources from other hosts.)347.485 377.4 R .163(The def)5.163 F(ault)-.1 E
(is \214v)102 389.4 Q 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)136.3 389.4 Q F0 2.5(4.9. Name)87
413.4 R(Ser)2.5 E -.1(ve)-.1 G 2.5(rA).1 G(ccess)172.33 413.4 Q F1 .422
(If your system supports the name serv)127 429.6 R(er)-.15 E 2.921(,t)-.4 G
.421(hen the probability is that)297.151 429.6 R F2(sendmail)2.921 E F1 .421
(will be using it)2.921 F(re)102 441.6 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G .153(rdless of ho).05 F
2.653(wy)-.25 G .153(ou con\214gure sendmail.)180.599 441.6 R(Ho)5.153 E(we)
-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .954 -.4(r, i).15 H 2.654(fy).4 G .154(ou ha)331.956
441.6 R .454 -.15(ve n)-.2 H(ameserv).15 E .154(er support which you are)-.15 F
.979(not using, sendmail will get a \231connection refused\232 message when it\
 tries to connect to the name)102 453.6 R(serv)102 465.6 Q .591
(er \(either by calling)-.15 F F2 -.1(ge)3.091 G(thostbyname).1 E F1 .591
(or by trying to look up the MX records\).)3.091 F .591(If the)5.591 F F0(I)
3.091 E F1 .592(option is)3.092 F(set,)102 477.6 Q F2(sendmail)3.34 E F1 .839
(will interpret this to mean a temporary f)3.34 F .839
(ailure; otherwise, it ignores the name serv)-.1 F(er)-.15 E 2.59(data. If)102
489.6 R .09(your name serv)2.59 F .09(er is running properly)-.15 F 2.59(,t)
-.65 G .09(he setting of this option is not rele)291.6 489.6 R -.25(va)-.25 G
.09(nt; ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G .89 -.4(r, i).15 H 2.59(ti).4 G(s)
500.11 489.6 Q(important that it be set properly to mak)102 501.6 Q 2.5(ee)-.1
G(rror handling w)269.66 501.6 Q(ork properly)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .633
(This option also allo)127 517.8 R .633(ws you to tweak name serv)-.25 F .633
(er options.)-.15 F .632(The command line tak)5.633 F .632(es a series)-.1 F
.442(of \215ags as documented in)102 529.8 R F2 -.37(re)2.942 G(solver).37 E F1
.442(\(3\) \(with the leading \231RES_\232 deleted\).)B .442
(Each can be preceded by)5.442 F(an optional `+' or `)102 541.8 Q/F4 10/Symbol
SF(-)A F1 2.5('. F)B(or e)-.15 E(xample, the line)-.15 E(OIT)142 558 Q(rue +AA)
-.35 E(ONL)-.55 E(Y)-1 E F4(-)2.5 E F1(DNSRCH)A .862(turns on the AA)102 574.2
R(ONL)-.55 E 3.362(Y\()-1 G .862(accept authoritati)201.658 574.2 R 1.162 -.15
(ve a)-.25 H .861(nswers only\) and turns of).15 F 3.361(ft)-.25 G .861
(he DNSRCH \(search the)402.827 574.2 R 2.039(domain path\) options.)102 586.2
R 2.039(Most resolv)7.039 F 2.039(er libraries def)-.15 F 2.039
(ault DNSRCH, DEFN)-.1 F 2.039(AMES, and RECURSE)-.35 F .187
(\215ags on and all others of)102 598.2 R 2.687(f. Note)-.25 F .186
(the use of the initial `)2.686 F(`T)-.74 E(rue')-.35 E 2.686('\212t)-.74 G
.186(his is for compatibility with pre)365.82 598.2 R(vi-)-.25 E(ous v)102
610.2 Q(ersions of sendmail, b)-.15 E(ut is not otherwise necessary)-.2 E(.)
-.65 E -1.11(Ve)127 626.4 S 2.256(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.756(l1c).15
G 2.256(on\214gurations turn DNSRCH and DEFN)200.298 626.4 R 2.257(AMES of)-.35
F 4.757(fw)-.25 G 2.257(hen doing deli)424.896 626.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
2.06(lookups, b)102 638.4 R 2.06(ut lea)-.2 F 2.36 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.06
(hem on e).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.06(rywhere else.).15 F -1.11(Ve)7.06 G 2.06
(rsion 8 of)1.11 F F2(sendmail)4.56 E F1 2.06(ignores them when doing)4.56 F
.313(canoni\214cation lookups \(that is, when using $[ ... $]\), and al)102
650.4 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .313(ys does the search.).1 F .313(If you don')5.313 F
2.813(tw)-.18 G(ant)491.78 650.4 Q(to do automatic name e)102 662.4 Q
(xtension, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G(all $[ ... $].)261.93 662.4 Q .189
(The search rules for $[ ... $] are some)127 678.6 R .189(what dif)-.25 F .189
(ferent than usual.)-.25 F .189(If the name \(that is, the `)5.189 F(`...)-.74
E -.74('')-.7 G(\)).74 E .109(has at least one dot, it al)102 690.6 R -.1(wa)
-.1 G .109(ys tries the unmodi\214ed name \214rst.).1 F .11(If that f)5.11 F
.11(ails, it tries the reduced search)-.1 F .124
(path, and lastly tries the unmodi\214ed name \(b)102 702.6 R .124
(ut only for names without a dot, since names with a dot)-.2 F(ha)102 714.6 Q
.788 -.15(ve a)-.2 H .488(lready been tried\).).15 F .488(This allo)5.488 F
.489(ws names such as `)-.25 F(`utc.CS')-.74 E 2.989('t)-.74 G 2.989(om)362.805
714.6 S .489(atch the site in Czechoslo)378.574 714.6 R -.25(va)-.15 G(kia).25
E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-22 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.588
(rather than the site in your local Computer Science department.)102 96 R 1.587
(It also prefers A and CN)6.587 F(AME)-.35 E .512(records o)102 108 R -.15(ve)
-.15 G 3.012(rM).15 G 3.012(Xr)163.814 108 S .512
(ecords \212 that is, if it \214nds an MX record it mak)177.376 108 R .513
(es note of it, b)-.1 F .513(ut k)-.2 F .513(eeps looking.)-.1 F 1.542(This w)
102 120 R(ay)-.1 E 4.042(,i)-.65 G 4.042(fy)149.054 120 S 1.541(ou ha)161.426
120 R 1.841 -.15(ve a w)-.2 H 1.541
(ildcard MX record matching your domain, it will not assume that all).15 F
(names match.)102 132 Q F0 2.5(4.10. Mo)87 156 R(ving the P)-.1 E(er)-.2 E
(-User F)-.37 E(orward Files)-.25 E F1 .772(Some sites mount each user')127
172.2 R 3.272(sh)-.55 G .772(ome directory from a local disk on their w)256.13
172.2 R .772(orkstation, so that)-.1 F .576(local access is f)102 184.2 R 3.076
(ast. Ho)-.1 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.376 -.4(r, t).15 H .575
(he result is that .forw).4 F .575(ard \214le lookups are slo)-.1 F 4.375 -.65
(w. I)-.25 H 3.075(ns).65 G .575(ome cases, mail)439.25 184.2 R .216(can e)102
196.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.716(nb).15 G 2.716(ed)144.792 196.2 S(eli)156.948
196.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .216
(red on machines inappropriately because of a \214le serv).15 F .216
(er being do)-.15 F 2.716(wn. The)-.25 F(perfor)2.716 E(-)-.2 E
(mance can be especially bad if you run the automounter)102 208.2 Q(.)-.55 E
(The)127 224.4 Q F0(J)2.5 E F1(option allo)2.5 E(ws you to set a path of forw)
-.25 E(ard \214les.)-.1 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, the con\214g \214le line)366.6 224.4 Q(OJ/v)142 240.6 Q(ar/forw)-.25 E
(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E(ard)-.1 E -.1(wo)102 256.8 S .208
(uld \214rst look for a \214le with the same name as the user').1 F 2.707(sl)
-.55 G .207(ogin in /v)343.191 256.8 R(ar/forw)-.25 E .207
(ard; if that is not found)-.1 F .129
(\(or is inaccessible\) the \214le \231.forw)102 268.8 R .129
(ard\232 in the user')-.1 F 2.629(sh)-.55 G .13(ome directory is searched.)
311.901 268.8 R 2.63(At)5.13 G .13(ruly perv)435.02 268.8 R .13(erse site)-.15
F(could also search by sender by using $r)102 280.8 Q 2.5(,$)-.4 G(s, or $f.)
269.07 280.8 Q .69(If you create a directory such as /v)127 297 R(ar/forw)-.25
E .69(ard, it should be mode 1777 \(that is, the stick)-.1 F 3.19(yb)-.15 G(it)
498.44 297 Q(should be set\).)102 309 Q
(Users should create the \214les mode 644.)5 E F0 2.5(4.11. Fr)87 333 R
(ee Space)-.18 E F1 1.122(On systems that ha)127 349.2 R 1.422 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
(he).15 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(statfs)3.622 E F1 1.123
(\(2\) system call, you can specify a minimum number of free)B .61
(blocks on the queue \214lesystem using the)102 361.2 R F0(b)3.11 E F1 3.11
(option. If)3.11 F .61(there are fe)3.11 F .61
(wer than the indicated number of)-.25 F .406
(blocks free on the \214lesystem on which the queue is mounted the SMTP serv)
102 373.2 R .407(er will reject mail with)-.15 F(the 452 error code.)102 385.2
Q(This in)5 E(vites the SMTP client to try ag)-.4 E(ain later)-.05 E(.)-.55 E
(Be)127 401.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G .746(re of setting this option too high; it can \
cause rejection of email when that mail w).1 F(ould)-.1 E
(be processed without dif)102 413.4 Q(\214culty)-.25 E(.)-.65 E 1.772
(This option can also specify an adv)127 429.6 R 1.773
(ertised \231maximum message size\232 for hosts that speak)-.15 F(ESMTP)102
441.6 Q(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5(4.12. Pri)87 465.6 R -.1(va)-.1 G(cy Flags).1 E F1
(The)127 481.8 Q F0(p)3.591 E F1 1.091(option allo)3.591 F 1.091
(ws you to set certain `)-.25 F(`pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.571
-.74('' \215).15 H 3.591(ags. Actually).74 F 3.59(,m)-.65 G(an)409.27 481.8 Q
3.59(yo)-.15 G 3.59(ft)432.15 481.8 S 1.09(hem don')441.85 481.8 R 3.59(tg)-.18
G -2.15 -.25(iv e)492.18 481.8 T .254(you an)102 493.8 R 2.754(ye)-.15 G .254
(xtra pri)141.088 493.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.754(,r)-.5 G .254
(ather just insisting that client SMTP serv)196.666 493.8 R .254
(ers use the HELO command before)-.15 F(using certain commands.)102 505.8 Q
.124(The option tak)127 522 R .124
(es a series of \215ag names; the \214nal pri)-.1 F -.25(va)-.25 G .424 -.15
(cy i).25 H 2.624(st).15 G .124(he inclusi)367.708 522 R .424 -.15(ve o)-.25 H
2.624(ro).15 G 2.624(ft)434.06 522 S .123(hose \215ags.)442.794 522 R -.15(Fo)
5.123 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)102 534 S(ample:).15 E(Op needmailhelo, noe)142 550.2 Q
(xpn)-.15 E .928(insists that the HELO or EHLO command be used before a MAIL c\
ommand is accepted and dis-)102 566.4 R(ables the EXPN command.)102 578.4 Q
.244(The \231restrictmailq\232 option restricts printing the queue to the grou\
p that o)127 594.6 R .244(wns the queue direc-)-.25 F(tory)102 606.6 Q 5(.I)
-.65 G 2.5(ti)128.29 606.6 S 2.5(sa)136.35 606.6 S
(bsurd to set this if you don')147.18 606.6 Q 2.5(ta)-.18 G
(lso protect the logs.)266.72 606.6 Q F0 2.5(4.13. Send)87 630.6 R(to Me T)2.5
E(oo)-.92 E F1(Normally)127 646.8 Q(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)3.423 E F1 .923
(deletes the \(en)3.423 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .923(lope\) sender from an).15 F 3.423
(yl)-.15 G .924(ist e)375.484 646.8 R 3.424(xpansions. F)-.15 F .924(or e)-.15
F .924(xample, if)-.15 F .761(\231matt\232 sends to a list that contains \231m\
att\232 as one of the members he w)102 658.8 R(on')-.1 E 3.261(tg)-.18 G .761
(et a cop)416.705 658.8 R 3.261(yo)-.1 G 3.261(ft)462.488 658.8 S .761(he mes-)
471.859 658.8 R 3.066(sage. If)102 670.8 R(the)3.066 E F0<ad6d>3.066 E F1 .566
(\(me too\) command line \215ag, or if the)3.066 F F0(m)3.067 E F1 .567
(option is set in the con\214guration \214le, this)3.067 F(beha)102 682.8 Q
(viour is supressed.)-.2 E(Some sites lik)5 E 2.5(et)-.1 G 2.5(or)265.58 682.8
S(un the)276.41 682.8 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(SMTP)2.5 E F1(daemon with)2.5 E
F0<ad6d>2.5 E F1(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-23)452.9 60 Q 2.5(5. THE)72 96 R(WHOLE SCOOP ON THE CONFIGURA)2.5 E
(TION FILE)-.95 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .264(This section describes the con\
\214guration \214le in detail, including hints on ho)112 112.2 R 2.764(wt)-.25
G 2.763(ow)426.298 112.2 S .263(rite one of your)441.281 112.2 R -.25(ow)87
124.2 S 2.5(ni).25 G 2.5(fy)109.25 124.2 S(ou ha)120.08 124.2 Q .3 -.15(ve t)
-.2 H(o.).15 E .648(There is one point that should be made clear immediately: \
the syntax of the con\214guration \214le is)112 140.4 R 1.077
(designed to be reasonably easy to parse, since this is done e)87 152.4 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 1.076(ry time).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.576 E F1
1.076(starts up, rather than)3.576 F(easy for a human to read or write.)87
164.4 Q
(On the \231future project\232 list is a con\214guration-\214le compiler)5 E(.)
-.55 E(An o)112 180.6 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(rvie).15 E 2.5(wo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)170.88
180.6 S(he con\214guration \214le is gi)179.49 180.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5<6e8c>
.15 G(rst, follo)301.59 180.6 Q(wed by details of the semantics.)-.25 E F0 2.5
(5.1. Con\214guration)87 204.6 R(File Lines)2.5 E F1 1.315
(The con\214guration \214le is or)127 220.8 R -.05(ga)-.18 G 1.316
(nized as a series of lines, each of which be).05 F 1.316(gins with a single)
-.15 F .742(character de\214ning the semantics for the rest of the line.)102
232.8 R .742(Lines be)5.742 F .741(ginning with a space or a tab are)-.15 F
1.148
(continuation lines \(although the semantics are not well de\214ned in man)102
244.8 R 3.649(yp)-.15 G 3.649(laces\). Blank)407.513 244.8 R 1.149(lines and)
3.649 F(lines be)102 256.8 Q(ginning with a sharp symbol \(`#'\) are comments.)
-.15 E F0 2.5(5.1.1. R)102 280.8 R(and S \212 r)2.5 E(ewriting rules)-.18 E F1
.407(The core of address parsing are the re)142 297 R .406(writing rules.)-.25
F .406(These are an ordered production sys-)5.406 F(tem.)117 309 Q F2(Sendmail)
5.282 E F1 .282(scans through the set of re)2.782 F .283
(writing rules looking for a match on the left hand side)-.25 F .132
(\(LHS\) of the rule.)117 321 R .131(When a rule matches, the address is repla\
ced by the right hand side \(RHS\) of)5.131 F(the rule.)117 333 Q 1.125
(There are se)142 349.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.125(ral sets of re).15 F 1.126
(writing rules.)-.25 F 1.126(Some of the re)6.126 F 1.126
(writing sets are used internally)-.25 F .21(and must ha)117 361.2 R .51 -.15
(ve s)-.2 H .21(peci\214c semantics.).15 F .21(Other re)5.21 F .21
(writing sets do not ha)-.25 F .51 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .21
(peci\214cally assigned seman-).15 F
(tics, and may be referenced by the mailer de\214nitions or by other re)117
373.2 Q(writing sets.)-.25 E(The syntax of these tw)142 389.4 Q 2.5(oc)-.1 G
(ommands are:)244.38 389.4 Q F0(S)157 405.6 Q F2(n)A F1 .277
(Sets the current ruleset being collected to)117 421.8 R F2(n)2.778 E F1 5.278
(.I)C 2.778(fy)302.52 421.8 S .278(ou be)313.628 421.8 R .278
(gin a ruleset more than once it deletes the)-.15 F(old de\214nition.)117 433.8
Q F0(R)157 450 Q F2(lhs rhs comments)A F1 .303(The \214elds must be separated \
by at least one tab character; there may be embedded spaces in the)117 466.2 R
2.738(\214elds. The)117 478.2 R F2(lhs)2.738 E F1 .238
(is a pattern that is applied to the input.)2.738 F .239
(If it matches, the input is re)5.239 F .239(written to the)-.25 F F2(rhs)117
490.2 Q F1 5(.T)C(he)143.39 490.2 Q F2(comments)2.5 E F1(are ignored.)2.5 E
2.266(Macro e)142 506.4 R 2.266(xpansions of the form)-.15 F F0($)4.766 E F2(x)
A F1 2.265(are performed when the con\214guration \214le is read.)4.765 F .08
(Expansions of the form)117 518.4 R F0($&)2.58 E F2(x)A F1 .081
(are performed at run time using a some)2.58 F .081
(what less general algorithm.)-.25 F .639
(This for is intended only for referencing internally de\214ned macros such as)
117 530.4 R F0($h)3.138 E F1 .638(that are changed)3.138 F(at runtime.)117
542.4 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.1. The)117 566.4 R(left hand side)2.5 E F1 1.617
(The left hand side of re)157 582.6 R 1.617(writing rules contains a pattern.)
-.25 F 1.617(Normal w)6.617 F 1.617(ords are simply)-.1 F(matched directly)132
594.6 Q 5(.M)-.65 G(etasyntax is introduced using a dollar sign.)214.67 594.6 Q
(The metasymbols are:)5 E F0($*)172 610.8 Q F1(Match zero or more tok)192.14
610.8 Q(ens)-.1 E F0($+)172 622.8 Q F1(Match one or more tok)9.44 E(ens)-.1 E
F0<24ad>172 634.8 Q F1(Match e)9.44 E(xactly one tok)-.15 E(en)-.1 E F0($=)172
646.8 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)5 E 2.5(yp)-.15 G(hrase in class)241.98 646.8 Q F2
(x)2.5 E F0($~)172 658.8 Q F2(x)A F1(Match an)7.37 E 2.5(yw)-.15 G
(ord not in class)244.1 658.8 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 .499(If an)132 675 R 2.999(yo)
-.15 G 2.999(ft)163.948 675 S .499(hese match, the)173.057 675 R 2.999(ya)-.15
G .499(re assigned to the symbol)248.274 675 R F0($)2.999 E F2(n)A F1 .498
(for replacement on the right hand)2.999 F(side, where)132 687 Q F2(n)2.5 E F1
(is the inde)2.5 E 2.5(xi)-.15 G 2.5(nt)238.78 687 S(he LHS.)249.06 687 Q -.15
(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, if the LHS:)307.92 687 Q($\255:$+)172 703.2 Q
(is applied to the input:)132 719.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-24 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(UCB)172 96 Q
(ARP)-.35 E(A:eric)-.92 E(the rule will match, and the v)132 112.2 Q
(alues passed to the RHS will be:)-.25 E 7.5($1 UCB)172 128.4 R(ARP)-.35 E(A)
-.92 E 7.5($2 eric)172 140.4 R(Additionally)157 160.8 Q 3.398(,t)-.65 G .898
(he LHS can include)215.588 160.8 R F0($@)3.398 E F1 .898(to match zero tok)
3.398 F 3.398(ens. This)-.1 F(is)3.398 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(not)3.398 E F1
.898(bound to a)3.398 F F0($)132 172.8 Q F2(N)A F1 .837(on the RHS, and is nor\
mally only used when it stands alone in order to match the null)3.338 F(input.)
132 184.8 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.2. The)117 208.8 R(right hand side)2.5 E F1 .525
(When the left hand side of a re)157 225 R .526
(writing rule matches, the input is deleted and replaced)-.25 F .932
(by the right hand side.)132 237 R -.8(To)5.932 G -.1(ke).8 G .932
(ns are copied directly from the RHS unless the).1 F 3.432(yb)-.15 G -.15(eg)
457.848 237 S .931(in with a).15 F(dollar sign.)132 249 Q(Metasymbols are:)5 E
F0($)172 265.2 Q F2(n)A F1(Substitute inde\214nite tok)222.55 265.2 Q(en)-.1 E
F2(n)2.5 E F1(from LHS)2.5 E F0($[)172 277.2 Q F2(name)A F0($])A F1
(Canonicalize)222.55 277.2 Q F2(name)2.5 E F0($\()172 289.2 Q F2(map k)A -.3
(ey)-.1 G F0($@)2.8 E F2(ar)A(guments)-.37 E F0($:)2.5 E F2(default)A F0($\))
2.5 E F1(Generalized k)222.55 301.2 Q -.15(ey)-.1 G(ed mapping function).15 E
F0($>)172 313.2 Q F2(n)A F1(\231Call\232 ruleset)222.55 313.2 Q F2(n)2.5 E F0
($#)172 325.2 Q F2(mailer)A F1(Resolv)222.55 325.2 Q 2.5(et)-.15 G(o)259.9
325.2 Q F2(mailer)2.5 E F0($@)172 337.2 Q F2(host)A F1(Specify)222.55 337.2 Q
F2(host)2.5 E F0($:)172 349.2 Q F2(user)A F1(Specify)222.55 349.2 Q F2(user)2.5
E F1(The)157 369.6 Q F0($)3.012 E F2(n)A F1 .512
(syntax substitutes the corresponding v)3.012 F .513(alue from a)-.25 F F0($+)
3.013 E F1(,)A F0<24ad>3.013 E F1(,)A F0($*)3.013 E F1(,)A F0($=)3.013 E F1
3.013(,o)C(r)461.874 369.6 Q F0($~)3.013 E F1(match)3.013 E(on the LHS.)132
381.6 Q(It may be used an)5 E(ywhere.)-.15 E 2.701(Ah)157 397.8 S .201
(ost name enclosed between)171.921 397.8 R F0($[)2.7 E F1(and)2.7 E F0($])2.7 E
F1 .2(is look)2.7 F .2(ed up using the)-.1 F F2 -.1(ge)2.7 G(thostent).1 E F1
.2(\(3\) routines)1.666 F 3.332(and replaced by the canonical name)132 411.8 R
/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)291.672 407.8 Q F1 8.333(.F)295.172 411.8 S 3.333
(or e)311.415 411.8 R 3.333(xample, \231$[csam$]\232 might become \231lbl-)-.15
F 1.924(csam.arpa\232 and \231$[[128.32.130.2]$]\232 w)132 423.8 R 1.923
(ould become \231v)-.1 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.)
.65 E<9a>-.7 E F2(Send-)6.923 E(mail)132 435.8 Q F1 .435(recognizes it')2.935 F
2.935(sn)-.55 G .436(umeric IP address without calling the name serv)218.575
435.8 R .436(er and replaces it with)-.15 F(it')132 447.8 Q 2.5(sc)-.55 G
(anonical name.)151.17 447.8 Q(The)157 464 Q F0($\()2.862 E F1(...)2.862 E F0
($\))5.361 E F1 .361
(syntax is a more general form of lookup; it uses a named map instead of)2.861
F .124(an implicit map.)132 476 R .125(If no lookup is found, the indicted)
5.124 F F2(default)2.625 E F1 .125(is inserted; if no def)2.625 F .125
(ault is speci-)-.1 F(\214ed and no lookup matches, the v)132 488 Q
(alue is left unchanged.)-.25 E(The)157 504.2 Q F0($>)3.572 E F2(n)A F1 1.071
(syntax causes the remainder of the line to be substituted as usual and then)
3.572 F .571(passed as the ar)132 516.2 R .572(gument to ruleset)-.18 F F2(n)
3.072 E F1 5.572(.T)C .572(he \214nal v)288.852 516.2 R .572(alue of ruleset)
-.25 F F2(n)3.072 E F1 .572(then becomes the substitu-)3.072 F
(tion for this rule.)132 528.2 Q(The)157 544.4 Q F0($#)3.097 E F1 .597
(syntax should)3.097 F F2(only)3.097 E F1 .597(be used in ruleset zero.)3.097 F
.596(It causes e)5.597 F -.25(va)-.25 G .596(luation of the ruleset).25 F .606
(to terminate immediately)132 556.4 R 3.106(,a)-.65 G .607
(nd signals to sendmail that the address has completely resolv)243.158 556.4 R
(ed.)-.15 E(The complete syntax is:)132 568.4 Q F0($#)172 584.6 Q F2(mailer)A
F0($@)2.5 E F2(host)A F0($:)2.5 E F2(user)A F1 .394
(This speci\214es the {mailer)132 600.8 R 2.894(,h)-.4 G .394
(ost, user} 3-tuple necessary to direct the mailer)245.466 600.8 R 5.394(.I)
-.55 G 2.894(ft)447.548 600.8 S .394(he mailer is)456.552 600.8 R .136
(local the host part may be omitted)132 614.8 R F3(8)268.916 610.8 Q F1 5.136
(.T)272.416 614.8 S(he)286.162 614.8 Q F2(mailer)2.636 E F1 .135
(must be a single w)2.636 F .135(ord, b)-.1 F .135(ut the)-.2 F F2(host)2.635 E
F1(and)2.635 E F2(user)2.635 E F1 .251(may be multi-part.)132 626.8 R .252
(If the)5.252 F F2(mailer)2.752 E F1 .252(is the b)2.752 F .252
(uiltin IPC mailer)-.2 F 2.752(,t)-.4 G(he)369.72 626.8 Q F2(host)2.752 E F1
.252(may be a colon-separated)2.752 F 2.439
(list of hosts that are searched in order for the \214rst w)132 638.8 R 2.438
(orking address \(e)-.1 F 2.438(xactly lik)-.15 F 4.938(eM)-.1 G(X)496.78 638.8
Q(records\).)132 650.8 Q .32 LW 76 660.4 72 660.4 DL 80 660.4 76 660.4 DL 84
660.4 80 660.4 DL 88 660.4 84 660.4 DL 92 660.4 88 660.4 DL 96 660.4 92 660.4
DL 100 660.4 96 660.4 DL 104 660.4 100 660.4 DL 108 660.4 104 660.4 DL 112
660.4 108 660.4 DL 116 660.4 112 660.4 DL 120 660.4 116 660.4 DL 124 660.4 120
660.4 DL 128 660.4 124 660.4 DL 132 660.4 128 660.4 DL 136 660.4 132 660.4 DL
140 660.4 136 660.4 DL 144 660.4 140 660.4 DL 148 660.4 144 660.4 DL 152 660.4
148 660.4 DL 156 660.4 152 660.4 DL 160 660.4 156 660.4 DL 164 660.4 160 660.4
DL 168 660.4 164 660.4 DL 172 660.4 168 660.4 DL 176 660.4 172 660.4 DL 180
660.4 176 660.4 DL 184 660.4 180 660.4 DL 188 660.4 184 660.4 DL 192 660.4 188
660.4 DL 196 660.4 192 660.4 DL 200 660.4 196 660.4 DL 204 660.4 200 660.4 DL
208 660.4 204 660.4 DL 212 660.4 208 660.4 DL 216 660.4 212 660.4 DL/F4 5
/Times-Roman@0 SF(7)93.6 670.8 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(This is actually completely equi)3.2 I -.2(va)-.2 G(lent to $\(host).2 E/F6 8
/Times-Italic@0 SF(hostname)2 E F5 2($\). In)B(particular)2 E 2(,a)-.32 G/F7 8
/Times-Bold@0 SF($:)A F5(def)2 E(ault can be used.)-.08 E F4(8)93.6 684.4 Q F5
-.88(Yo)3.2 K 2.207(um).88 G .207(ay w)117.427 687.6 R .208
(ant to use it for special \231per user\232 e)-.08 F 2.208(xtensions. F)-.12 F
.208(or e)-.12 F .208
(xample, at CMU you can send email to \231jgm+foo\232; the part af-)-.12 F(ter\
 the plus sign is not part of the user name, and is passed to the local mailer\
 for local use.)72 697.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-25)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 3.794(AR)157 96 S 1.294
(HS may also be preceded by a)174.684 96 R F0($@)3.795 E F1 1.295(or a)3.795 F
F0($:)3.795 E F1 1.295(to control e)3.795 F -.25(va)-.25 G 3.795(luation. A).25
F F0($@)3.795 E F1(pre\214x)3.795 E .611
(causes the ruleset to return with the remainder of the RHS as the v)132 108 R
3.11(alue. A)-.25 F F0($:)3.11 E F1 .61(pre\214x causes)3.11 F .431
(the rule to terminate immediately)132 120 R 2.931(,b)-.65 G .431
(ut the ruleset to continue; this can be used to a)276.625 120 R -.2(vo)-.2 G
.432(id con-).2 F(tinued application of a rule.)132 132 Q
(The pre\214x is stripped before continuing.)5 E(The)157 148.2 Q F0($@)2.5 E F1
(and)2.5 E F0($:)2.5 E F1(pre\214x)2.5 E(es may precede a)-.15 E F0($>)2.5 E F1
(spec; for e)2.5 E(xample:)-.15 E 20.19(R$+ $:)172 164.4 R($>7 $1)2.5 E .256
(matches an)132 180.6 R .256(ything, passes that to ruleset se)-.15 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G .256(n, and continues; the).15 F F0($:)2.756 E F1 .256
(is necessary to a)2.756 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .256(id an).2 F(in\214nite loop.)132
192.6 Q .051(Substitution occurs in the order described, that is, parameters f\
rom the LHS are substi-)157 208.8 R .556(tuted, hostnames are canonicalized, \
\231subroutines\232 are called, and \214nally)132 220.8 R F0($#)3.056 E F1(,)A
F0($@)3.056 E F1 3.056(,a)C(nd)467.348 220.8 Q F0($:)3.056 E F1(are)3.056 E
(processed.)132 232.8 Q F0 2.5(5.1.1.3. Semantics)117 256.8 R(of r)2.5 E
(ewriting rule sets)-.18 E F1 2.921(There are \214v)157 273 R 5.421(er)-.15 G
-.25(ew)226.973 273 S 2.922(riting sets that ha).25 F 3.222 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
2.922(peci\214c semantics.).15 F 2.922(These are related as)7.922 F
(depicted by \214gure 2.)132 285 Q 1.092
(Ruleset three should turn the address into \231canonical form.)157 301.2 R
6.091<9a54>-.7 G 1.091(his form should ha)416.917 301.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G
(the basic syntax:)132 313.2 Q(local-part@host-domain-spec)172 329.4 Q 1.295
(If no \231@\232 sign is speci\214ed, then the host-domain-spec)132 345.6 R/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(may)3.796 E F1 1.296(be appended from the sender)3.796 F
1.284(address \(if the)132 357.6 R F0(C)3.784 E F1 1.284
(\215ag is set in the mailer de\214nition corresponding to the)3.784 F F2
(sending)3.784 E F1(mailer\).)3.784 E
(Ruleset three is applied by sendmail before doing an)132 369.6 Q
(ything with an)-.15 E 2.5(ya)-.15 G(ddress.)411.39 369.6 Q .506(Ruleset zero \
is applied after ruleset three to addresses that are going to actually spec-)
157 385.8 R .296(ify recipients.)132 397.8 R .296(It must resolv)5.296 F 2.796
(et)-.15 G 2.796(oa)258.04 397.8 S F2({mailer)A 2.796(,h)-1.11 G .296
(ost, user})312.368 397.8 R F1 2.795(triple. The)2.796 F F2(mailer)2.795 E F1
.295(must be de\214ned in)2.795 F .56
(the mailer de\214nitions from the con\214guration \214le.)132 409.8 R(The)
5.561 E F2(host)3.061 E F1 .561(is de\214ned into the)3.061 F F0($h)3.061 E F1
.561(macro for)3.061 F(use in the ar)132 421.8 Q(gv e)-.18 E
(xpansion of the speci\214ed mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E 1.357(Rulesets one and tw)
157 438 R 3.857(oa)-.1 G 1.357
(re applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)254.538 438 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E(The)132 450 Q 2.5(ya)-.15 G(re applied before an)
159.34 450 Q 2.5(ys)-.15 G(peci\214cation in the mailer de\214nition.)250.27
450 Q(The)5 E 2.5(ym)-.15 G(ust ne)429 450 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rr).15 G(esolv)
470.81 450 Q(e.)-.15 E .4 LW 77 483.6 72 483.6 DL 79 483.6 74 483.6 DL 84 483.6
79 483.6 DL 89 483.6 84 483.6 DL 94 483.6 89 483.6 DL 99 483.6 94 483.6 DL 104
483.6 99 483.6 DL 109 483.6 104 483.6 DL 114 483.6 109 483.6 DL 119 483.6 114
483.6 DL 124 483.6 119 483.6 DL 129 483.6 124 483.6 DL 134 483.6 129 483.6 DL
139 483.6 134 483.6 DL 144 483.6 139 483.6 DL 149 483.6 144 483.6 DL 154 483.6
149 483.6 DL 159 483.6 154 483.6 DL 164 483.6 159 483.6 DL 169 483.6 164 483.6
DL 174 483.6 169 483.6 DL 179 483.6 174 483.6 DL 184 483.6 179 483.6 DL 189
483.6 184 483.6 DL 194 483.6 189 483.6 DL 199 483.6 194 483.6 DL 204 483.6 199
483.6 DL 209 483.6 204 483.6 DL 214 483.6 209 483.6 DL 219 483.6 214 483.6 DL
224 483.6 219 483.6 DL 229 483.6 224 483.6 DL 234 483.6 229 483.6 DL 239 483.6
234 483.6 DL 244 483.6 239 483.6 DL 249 483.6 244 483.6 DL 254 483.6 249 483.6
DL 259 483.6 254 483.6 DL 264 483.6 259 483.6 DL 269 483.6 264 483.6 DL 274
483.6 269 483.6 DL 279 483.6 274 483.6 DL 284 483.6 279 483.6 DL 289 483.6 284
483.6 DL 294 483.6 289 483.6 DL 299 483.6 294 483.6 DL 304 483.6 299 483.6 DL
309 483.6 304 483.6 DL 314 483.6 309 483.6 DL 319 483.6 314 483.6 DL 324 483.6
319 483.6 DL 329 483.6 324 483.6 DL 334 483.6 329 483.6 DL 339 483.6 334 483.6
DL 344 483.6 339 483.6 DL 349 483.6 344 483.6 DL 354 483.6 349 483.6 DL 359
483.6 354 483.6 DL 364 483.6 359 483.6 DL 369 483.6 364 483.6 DL 374 483.6 369
483.6 DL 379 483.6 374 483.6 DL 384 483.6 379 483.6 DL 389 483.6 384 483.6 DL
394 483.6 389 483.6 DL 399 483.6 394 483.6 DL 404 483.6 399 483.6 DL 409 483.6
404 483.6 DL 414 483.6 409 483.6 DL 419 483.6 414 483.6 DL 424 483.6 419 483.6
DL 429 483.6 424 483.6 DL 434 483.6 429 483.6 DL 439 483.6 434 483.6 DL 444
483.6 439 483.6 DL 449 483.6 444 483.6 DL 454 483.6 449 483.6 DL 459 483.6 454
483.6 DL 464 483.6 459 483.6 DL 469 483.6 464 483.6 DL 474 483.6 469 483.6 DL
479 483.6 474 483.6 DL 484 483.6 479 483.6 DL 489 483.6 484 483.6 DL 494 483.6
489 483.6 DL 499 483.6 494 483.6 DL 504 483.6 499 483.6 DL(addr)91.915 578 Q
133.2 576 111.6 576 DL 133.2 576 126 577.8 DL 133.2 576 126 574.2 DL(3)141.5
578 Q 133.2 565.2 133.2 586.8 DL 154.8 565.2 133.2 565.2 DL 154.8 586.8 154.8
565.2 DL 133.2 586.8 154.8 586.8 DL 176.4 576 154.8 576 DL 176.4 576 169.2
577.8 DL 176.4 576 169.2 574.2 DL(D)183.59 578 Q 176.4 565.2 176.4 586.8 DL 198
565.2 176.4 565.2 DL 198 586.8 198 565.2 DL 176.4 586.8 198 586.8 DL 219.6 576
198 576 DL 277.2 558 255.6 558 DL 277.2 558 270 559.8 DL 277.2 558 270 556.2 DL
(1)285.5 560 Q 277.2 547.2 277.2 568.8 DL 298.8 547.2 277.2 547.2 DL 298.8
568.8 298.8 547.2 DL 277.2 568.8 298.8 568.8 DL 320.4 558 298.8 558 DL 320.4
558 313.2 559.8 DL 320.4 558 313.2 556.2 DL(S)328.42 560 Q 320.4 547.2 320.4
568.8 DL 342 547.2 320.4 547.2 DL 342 568.8 342 547.2 DL 320.4 568.8 342 568.8
DL 363.6 558 342 558 DL 277.2 594 255.6 594 DL 277.2 594 270 595.8 DL 277.2 594
270 592.2 DL(2)285.5 596 Q 277.2 583.2 277.2 604.8 DL 298.8 583.2 277.2 583.2
DL 298.8 604.8 298.8 583.2 DL 277.2 604.8 298.8 604.8 DL 320.4 594 298.8 594 DL
320.4 594 313.2 595.8 DL 320.4 594 313.2 592.2 DL(R)327.865 596 Q 320.4 583.2
320.4 604.8 DL 342 583.2 320.4 583.2 DL 342 604.8 342 583.2 DL 320.4 604.8 342
604.8 DL 363.6 594 342 594 DL 421.2 576 399.6 576 DL 421.2 576 414 577.8 DL
421.2 576 414 574.2 DL(4)429.5 578 Q 421.2 565.2 421.2 586.8 DL 442.8 565.2
421.2 565.2 DL 442.8 586.8 442.8 565.2 DL 421.2 586.8 442.8 586.8 DL 464.4 576
442.8 576 DL 464.4 576 457.2 577.8 DL 464.4 576 457.2 574.2 DL(msg)466.865 578
Q 255.6 558 219.6 576 DL 255.6 594 219.6 576 DL 399.6 576 363.6 558 DL 399.6
576 363.6 594 DL 208.8 522 187.2 522 DL 208.8 522 201.6 523.8 DL 208.8 522
201.6 520.2 DL(0)217.1 524 Q 208.8 511.2 208.8 532.8 DL 230.4 511.2 208.8 511.2
DL 230.4 532.8 230.4 511.2 DL 208.8 532.8 230.4 532.8 DL 252 522 230.4 522 DL
252 522 244.8 523.8 DL 252 522 244.8 520.2 DL(resolv)265.69 524 Q(ed address)
-.15 E 187.2 522 162 576 DL(Figure 2 \212 Re)216.045 624 Q
(writing set semantics)-.25 E 2.5(D\212s)209.35 636 S(ender domain addition)
235.46 636 Q 2.5(S\212m)209.35 648 S(ailer)237.69 648 Q(-speci\214c sender re)
-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 2.5(R\212m)209.35 660 S(ailer)238.8 660 Q
(-speci\214c recipient re)-.2 E(writing)-.25 E 77 672 72 672 DL 79 672 74 672
DL 84 672 79 672 DL 89 672 84 672 DL 94 672 89 672 DL 99 672 94 672 DL 104 672
99 672 DL 109 672 104 672 DL 114 672 109 672 DL 119 672 114 672 DL 124 672 119
672 DL 129 672 124 672 DL 134 672 129 672 DL 139 672 134 672 DL 144 672 139 672
DL 149 672 144 672 DL 154 672 149 672 DL 159 672 154 672 DL 164 672 159 672 DL
169 672 164 672 DL 174 672 169 672 DL 179 672 174 672 DL 184 672 179 672 DL 189
672 184 672 DL 194 672 189 672 DL 199 672 194 672 DL 204 672 199 672 DL 209 672
204 672 DL 214 672 209 672 DL 219 672 214 672 DL 224 672 219 672 DL 229 672 224
672 DL 234 672 229 672 DL 239 672 234 672 DL 244 672 239 672 DL 249 672 244 672
DL 254 672 249 672 DL 259 672 254 672 DL 264 672 259 672 DL 269 672 264 672 DL
274 672 269 672 DL 279 672 274 672 DL 284 672 279 672 DL 289 672 284 672 DL 294
672 289 672 DL 299 672 294 672 DL 304 672 299 672 DL 309 672 304 672 DL 314 672
309 672 DL 319 672 314 672 DL 324 672 319 672 DL 329 672 324 672 DL 334 672 329
672 DL 339 672 334 672 DL 344 672 339 672 DL 349 672 344 672 DL 354 672 349 672
DL 359 672 354 672 DL 364 672 359 672 DL 369 672 364 672 DL 374 672 369 672 DL
379 672 374 672 DL 384 672 379 672 DL 389 672 384 672 DL 394 672 389 672 DL 399
672 394 672 DL 404 672 399 672 DL 409 672 404 672 DL 414 672 409 672 DL 419 672
414 672 DL 424 672 419 672 DL 429 672 424 672 DL 434 672 429 672 DL 439 672 434
672 DL 444 672 439 672 DL 449 672 444 672 DL 454 672 449 672 DL 459 672 454 672
DL 464 672 459 672 DL 469 672 464 672 DL 474 672 469 672 DL 479 672 474 672 DL
484 672 479 672 DL 489 672 484 672 DL 494 672 489 672 DL 499 672 494 672 DL 504
672 499 672 DL EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-26 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .265
(Ruleset four is applied to all addresses in the message.)157 96 R .266
(It is typically used to translate)5.265 F(internal to e)132 108 Q
(xternal form.)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.1.1.4. IPC)117 132 R(mailers)2.5 E F1 .333
(Some special processing occurs if the ruleset zero resolv)157 148.2 R .332
(es to an IPC mailer \(that is, a)-.15 F .241
(mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 listed as the P)132 160.2 R .241(ath in the)-.15
F F0(M)2.741 E F1 .241(con\214guration line.)2.741 F .242(The host name passed)
5.242 F .885(after \231$@\232 has MX e)132 172.2 R .885
(xpansion performed; this looks the name up in DNS to \214nd alternate)-.15 F
(deli)132 184.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry sites.).15 E(The host name can also be pro)
157 200.4 Q(vided as a dotted quad in square brack)-.15 E(ets; for e)-.1 E
(xample:)-.15 E([128.32.149.78])172 216.6 Q(This causes direct con)132 232.8 Q
-.15(ve)-.4 G(rsion of the numeric v).15 E(alue to a TCP/IP host address.)-.25
E .894(The host name passed in after the \231$@\232 may also be a colon-separa\
ted list of hosts.)157 249 R .63(Each is separately MX e)132 261 R .629
(xpanded and the results are concatenated to mak)-.15 F 3.129(e\()-.1 G .629
(essentially\) one)440.881 261 R .378(long MX list.)132 273 R .378
(The intent here is to create \231f)5.378 F(ak)-.1 E .378
(e\232 MX records that are not published in DNS)-.1 F(for pri)132 285 Q -.25
(va)-.25 G(te internal netw).25 E(orks.)-.1 E .17
(As a \214nal special case, the host name can be passed in as a te)157 301.2 R
.17(xt string in square brack-)-.15 F(ets:)132 313.2 Q([ucb)172 329.4 Q -.25
(va)-.15 G(x.berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(edu]).65 E 1.244(This form a)
132 345.6 R -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.244(ids the MX mapping.).2 F F0(N.B.:)6.244 E F1
1.245(This is intended only for situations where you)3.744 F(ha)132 357.6 Q
.814 -.15(ve a n)-.2 H(etw).15 E .514(ork \214re)-.1 F -.1(wa)-.25 G .514
(ll, so that your MX record points to a g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 3.014
(ym).1 G .514(achine; this machine)420.762 357.6 R 1.603
(could then do direct deli)132 369.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.604
(ry to machines within your local domain.).15 F 1.604(Use of this feature)6.604
F(directly violates RFC 1123 section 5.3.5: it should not be used lightly)132
381.6 Q(.)-.65 E F0 2.5(5.1.2. D)102 405.6 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne macr)157.28
405.6 Q(o)-.18 E F1 .547(Macros are named with a single character)142 421.8 R
5.546(.T)-.55 G .546(hese may be selected from the entire ASCII)325.498 421.8 R
.892(set, b)117 433.8 R .892(ut user)-.2 F .892
(-de\214ned macros should be selected from the set of upper case letters only)
-.2 F 5.892(.L)-.65 G -.25(ow)484.26 433.8 S(er).25 E
(case letters and special symbols are used internally)117 445.8 Q(.)-.65 E
(The syntax for macro de\214nitions is:)142 462 Q F0(D)157 478.2 Q/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF 1.666(xv)C(al)-1.666 E F1(where)117 494.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1
(is the name of the macro and)2.5 E F2(val)2.5 E F1(is the v)2.5 E
(alue it should ha)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(.).15 E 1.085
(Macros are interpolated using the construct)142 510.6 R F0($)3.585 E F2(x)A F1
3.585(,w)C(here)346.775 510.6 Q F2(x)3.585 E F1 1.085
(is the name of the macro to be)3.585 F 3.45(interpolated. This)117 522.6 R .95
(interpolation is done when the con\214guration \214le is read, e)3.45 F .95
(xcept in)-.15 F F0(M)3.45 E F1(lines.)3.45 E(The special construct)117 534.6 Q
F0($&)2.5 E F2(x)A F1(can be used in)2.5 E F0(R)2.5 E F1
(lines to get deferred interpolation.)2.5 E
(Conditionals can be speci\214ed using the syntax:)142 550.8 Q($?x te)157 567 Q
(xt1 $| te)-.15 E(xt2 $.)-.15 E .246(This interpolates)117 583.2 R F2(te)2.746
E(xt1)-.2 E F1 .246(if the macro)2.746 F F0($x)2.745 E F1 .245(is set, and)
2.745 F F2(te)2.745 E(xt2)-.2 E F1 2.745(otherwise. The)2.745 F .245
(\231else\232 \()2.745 F F0($|)A F1 2.745(\)c)C .245(lause may be)451.3 583.2 R
(omitted.)117 595.2 Q(Lo)142 611.4 Q .261(wer case macro names are reserv)-.25
F .261(ed to ha)-.15 F .562 -.15(ve s)-.2 H .262
(pecial semantics, used to pass information).15 F 1.163
(in or out of sendmail, and special characters are reserv)117 623.4 R 1.163
(ed to pro)-.15 F 1.163(vide conditionals, etc.)-.15 F(Upper)6.162 E
(case names \(that is,)117 635.4 Q F0($A)2.5 E F1(through)2.5 E F0($Z)2.5 E F1
2.5(\)a)C(re speci\214cally reserv)267.53 635.4 Q
(ed for con\214guration \214le authors.)-.15 E(The follo)142 651.6 Q
(wing macros)-.25 E F2(must)2.5 E F1(be de\214ned to transmit information into)
2.5 E F2(sendmail:)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-27)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 15.56(eT)157 96 S
(he SMTP entry message)183.11 96 Q 17.22(jT)157 108 S(he \231of)183.11 108 Q
(\214cial\232 domain name for this site)-.25 E 17.22(lT)157 120 S
(he format of the UNIX from line)183.11 120 Q 15(nT)157 132 S
(he name of the daemon \(for error messages\))183.11 132 Q 15(oT)157 144 S
(he set of "operators" in addresses)183.11 144 Q 15(qd)157 156 S(ef)182 156 Q
(ault format of sender address)-.1 E(The)117 172.2 Q F0($e)2.656 E F1 .157
(macro is printed out when SMTP starts up.)2.656 F .157(The \214rst w)5.157 F
.157(ord must be the)-.1 F F0($j)2.657 E F1 2.657(macro. The)2.657 F F0($j)
2.657 E F1 .536(macro should be in RFC821 format.)117 184.2 R(The)5.536 E F0
($l)3.036 E F1(and)3.036 E F0($n)3.036 E F1 .536
(macros can be considered constants e)3.036 F(xcept)-.15 E .782
(under terribly unusual circumstances.)117 196.2 R(The)5.783 E F0($o)3.283 E F1
.783(macro consists of a list of characters which will)3.283 F .498
(be considered tok)117 208.2 R .498(ens and which will separate tok)-.1 F .498
(ens when doing parsing.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)5.498 G 2.998(re).15 G .497
(xample, if \231@\232)441.866 208.2 R .996(were in the)117 220.2 R F0($o)3.496
E F1 .996(macro, then the input \231a@b\232 w)3.496 F .997
(ould be scanned as three tok)-.1 F .997(ens: \231a,)-.1 F 3.497<9a99>-.7 G(@,)
470.613 220.2 Q 3.497<9a61>-.7 G(nd)494 220.2 Q<9962>117 232.2 Q 5.595 -.7
(.\232 F)-.4 H(inally).7 E 4.195(,t)-.65 G(he)176.14 232.2 Q F0($q)4.195 E F1
1.695(macro speci\214es ho)4.195 F 4.194(wa)-.25 G 4.194(na)297.954 232.2 S
1.694(ddress should appear in a message when it is)311.588 232.2 R(def)117
244.2 Q 2.5(aulted. F)-.1 F(or e)-.15 E
(xample, on our system these de\214nitions are:)-.15 E
(De$j Sendmail $v/$Z ready at $b)157 260.4 Q(DnMAILER-D)157 272.4 Q(AEMON)-.4 E
(DlFrom $g)157 284.4 Q($d)5 E(Do.:%@!^/[])157 296.4 Q(Dq$?x$x <$g>$|$g$.)157
308.4 Q(Dj$w)157 320.4 Q .067(An acceptable alternati)117 336.6 R .367 -.15
(ve f)-.25 H .067(or the).15 F F0($q)2.567 E F1 .067
(macro is \231$g$?x \($x\)$.)2.567 F 2.567(\232. These)-.7 F .068
(correspond to the follo)2.567 F(wing)-.25 E(tw)117 348.6 Q 2.5(of)-.1 G
(ormats:)137.73 348.6 Q(Eric Allman <eric@CS.Berk)157 364.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(eric@CS.Berk)157 376.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU \(Eric Allman\)).65 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)117 393 Q F1
(properly quotes names that ha)2.5 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial characters if the \214rst form is used.).15 E .24
(Some macros are de\214ned by)142 409.2 R F2(sendmail)2.739 E F1 .239
(for interpolation into ar)2.739 F(gv')-.18 E 2.739(sf)-.55 G .239
(or mailers or for other)414.734 409.2 R(conte)117 421.2 Q 2.5(xts. These)-.15
F(macros are:)2.5 E 15.56(aT)157 437.4 S(he origination date in RFC 822 format)
183.11 437.4 Q 15(bT)157 449.4 S(he current date in RFC 822 format)183.11 449.4
Q 15.56(cT)157 461.4 S(he hop count)183.11 461.4 Q 15(dT)157 473.4 S
(he date in UNIX \(ctime\) format)183.11 473.4 Q 16.67(fT)157 485.4 S
(he sender \(from\) address)183.11 485.4 Q 15(gT)157 497.4 S
(he sender address relati)183.11 497.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 2.5(ot).15 G
(he recipient)301.29 497.4 Q 15(hT)157 509.4 S(he recipient host)183.11 509.4 Q
17.22(iT)157 521.4 S(he queue id)183.11 521.4 Q 15(kT)157 533.4 S
(he UUCP node name \(from the uname system call\))183.11 533.4 Q 12.22(mT)157
545.4 S(he domain part of the)183.11 545.4 Q F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(thostname).1 E F1
(return v)2.5 E(alue)-.25 E 15(pS)157 557.4 S(endmail')182.56 557.4 Q 2.5(sp)
-.55 G(id)228.95 557.4 Q 16.67(rP)157 569.4 S(rotocol used to recei)182.56
569.4 Q .3 -.15(ve t)-.25 H(he message).15 E 16.11(sS)157 581.4 S(ender')182.56
581.4 Q 2.5(sh)-.55 G(ost name)218.94 581.4 Q 17.22(tA)157 593.4 S
(numeric representation of the current time)186.72 593.4 Q 15(uT)157 605.4 S
(he recipient user)183.11 605.4 Q 15(vT)157 617.4 S(he v)183.11 617.4 Q
(ersion number of sendmail)-.15 E 12.78(wT)157 629.4 S
(he hostname of this site)183.11 629.4 Q 15(xT)157 641.4 S
(he full name of the sender)183.11 641.4 Q 15.56(zT)157 653.4 S
(he home directory of the recipient)183.11 653.4 Q 15(_T)157 665.4 S(he v)
183.11 665.4 Q(alidated sender address)-.25 E .918
(There are three types of dates that can be used.)142 685.8 R(The)5.918 E F0
($a)3.418 E F1(and)3.418 E F0($b)3.418 E F1 .918(macros are in RFC 822)3.418 F
(format;)117 697.8 Q F0($a)3.047 E F1 .547(is the time as e)3.047 F .547
(xtracted from the \231Date:\232 line of the message \(if there w)-.15 F .546
(as one\), and)-.1 F F0($b)117 709.8 Q F1 .145
(is the current date and time \(used for postmarks\).)2.645 F .145
(If no \231Date:\232 line is found in the incoming)5.145 F(message,)117 721.8 Q
F0($a)2.547 E F1 .047(is set to the current time also.)2.547 F(The)5.046 E F0
($d)2.546 E F1 .046(macro is equi)2.546 F -.25(va)-.25 G .046(lent to the).25 F
F0($b)2.546 E F1 .046(macro in UNIX)2.546 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-28 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(\(ctime\) format.)117 96 Q(The)142 112.2 Q F0($f)3.114 E F1 .614(macro is the\
 id of the sender as originally determined; when mailing to a speci\214c)3.114
F .602(host the)117 124.2 R F0($g)3.102 E F1 .602
(macro is set to the address of the sender)3.102 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF -.37
(re)3.101 G .601(lative to the r).37 F(ecipient.)-.37 E F1 -.15(Fo)5.601 G
3.101(re).15 G .601(xample, if I)456.418 124.2 R 1.65
(send to \231bollard@matisse.CS.Berk)117 136.2 R(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 1.65
(EDU\232 from the machine \231v).65 F(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E(the)117 148.2 Q F0($f)2.5 E F1
(macro will be \231eric\232 and the)2.5 E F0($g)2.5 E F1
(macro will be \231eric@v)2.5 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU.).65 E<9a>-.7 E(The)142 164.4 Q F0($x)3.838 E F1 1.338
(macro is set to the full name of the sender)3.838 F 6.337(.T)-.55 G 1.337
(his can be determined in se)369.135 164.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral).15 E -.1(wa)
117 176.4 S 2.952(ys. It).1 F .453(can be passed as \215ag to)2.953 F F2
(sendmail.)2.953 E F1 .453(The second choice is the v)5.453 F .453
(alue of the \231Full-name:\232)-.25 F .513(line in the header if it e)117
188.4 R .512
(xists, and the third choice is the comment \214eld of a \231From:\232 line.)
-.15 F .512(If all)5.512 F 1.148(of these f)117 200.4 R 1.148
(ail, and if the message is being originated locally)-.1 F 3.648(,t)-.65 G
1.149(he full name is look)369.678 200.4 R 1.149(ed up in the)-.1 F F2
(/etc/passwd)117 212.4 Q F1(\214le.)2.5 E .439(When sending, the)142 228.6 R F0
($h)2.939 E F1(,)A F0($u)2.939 E F1 2.938(,a)C(nd)256.964 228.6 Q F0($z)2.938 E
F1 .438(macros get set to the host, user)2.938 F 2.938(,a)-.4 G .438
(nd home directory \(if)417.426 228.6 R 1.454(local\) of the recipient.)117
240.6 R 1.454(The \214rst tw)6.454 F 3.954(oa)-.1 G 1.454(re set from the)
278.438 240.6 R F0($@)3.955 E F1(and)3.955 E F0($:)3.955 E F1 1.455
(part of the re)3.955 F 1.455(writing rules,)-.25 F(respecti)117 252.6 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E(.)-.65 E(The)142 268.8 Q F0($p)2.806 E F1(and)2.806 E F0
($t)2.806 E F1 .306(macros are used to create unique strings \(e.g., for the \
\231Message-Id:\232 \214eld\).)2.806 F(The)117 280.8 Q F0($i)2.537 E F1 .037(m\
acro is set to the queue id on this host; if put into the timestamp line it ca\
n be e)2.537 F(xtremely)-.15 E .407(useful for tracking messages.)117 292.8 R
(The)5.407 E F0($v)2.907 E F1 .407(macro is set to be the v)2.907 F .407
(ersion number of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)2.907 E F1 2.907(;t)C .407(his is)482.753
292.8 R 2.109(normally put in timestamps and has been pro)117 304.8 R -.15(ve)
-.15 G 4.609(ne).15 G 2.109(xtremely useful for deb)334.512 304.8 R 4.61
(ugging. The)-.2 F F0($w)4.61 E F1 1.222
(macro is set to the name of this host if it can be determined.)117 316.8 R
(The)6.221 E F0($c)3.721 E F1 1.221(\214eld is set to the \231hop)3.721 F
(count,)117 328.8 Q 3.332<9a69>-.7 G .833
(.e., the number of times this message has been processed.)151.572 328.8 R .833
(This can be determined by)5.833 F(the)117 340.8 Q F0<ad68>2.5 E F1
(\215ag on the command line or by counting the timestamps in the message.)2.5 E
(The)142 357 Q F0($r)3.427 E F1(and)3.427 E F0($s)3.427 E F1 .926
(\214elds are set to the protocol used to communicate with sendmail and the)
3.427 F .968(sending hostname.)117 369 R(The)5.968 E F0($_)3.468 E F1 .969
(is set to a v)3.469 F .969(alidated sender host name.)-.25 F .969
(If the sender is running an)5.969 F(RFC 1413 compliant IDENT serv)117 381 Q
(er)-.15 E 2.5(,i)-.4 G 2.5(tw)267.55 381 S
(ill include the user name on that host.)280.05 381 Q F0 2.5(5.1.3. C)102 405 R
(and F \212 de\214ne classes)2.5 E F1 .197
(Classes of phrases may be de\214ned to match on the left hand side of re)142
421.2 R .196(writing rules, where)-.25 F 2.79<6199>117 433.2 S .291
(phrase\232 is a sequence of characters that do not contain space characters.)
128.67 433.2 R -.15(Fo)5.291 G 2.791(re).15 G .291(xample a class)445.098 433.2
R .356(of all local names for this site might be created so that attempts to s\
end to oneself can be elimi-)117 445.2 R 2.89(nated. These)117 457.2 R .39(can\
 either be de\214ned directly in the con\214guration \214le or read in from an\
other \214le.)2.89 F .797(Classes may be gi)117 469.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.297
(nn).15 G .796(ames from the set of upper case letters.)213.668 469.2 R(Lo)
5.796 E .796(wer case letters and special)-.25 F(characters are reserv)117
481.2 Q(ed for system use.)-.15 E(The syntax is:)142 497.4 Q F0(C)157 513.6 Q
F2 1.666(cp)C(hr)-1.666 E(ase1 phr)-.15 E(ase2...)-.15 E F0(F)157 525.6 Q F2
1.666<638c>C(le)-1.666 E F1 1.114(The \214rst form de\214nes the class)117
541.8 R F2(c)3.614 E F1 1.114(to match an)3.614 F 3.614(yo)-.15 G 3.615(ft)
319.63 541.8 S 1.115(he named w)329.355 541.8 R 3.615(ords. It)-.1 F 1.115
(is permissible to split)3.615 F(them among multiple lines; for e)117 553.8 Q
(xample, the tw)-.15 E 2.5(of)-.1 G(orms:)317.57 553.8 Q(CHmonet ucbmonet)157
570 Q(and)117 586.2 Q(CHmonet)157 602.4 Q(CHucbmonet)157 614.4 Q(are equi)117
630.6 Q -.25(va)-.25 G 2.5(lent. The).25 F
(second form reads the elements of the class)2.5 E F2(c)2.5 E F1
(from the named)2.5 E F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A(The)142 646.8 Q F0($~)3.113 E F1
.613(\(match entries not in class\) only matches a single w)3.113 F .612
(ord; multi-w)-.1 F .612(ord entries in the)-.1 F
(class are ignored in this conte)117 658.8 Q(xt.)-.15 E .383(The class)142 675
R F0($=w)2.883 E F1 .384(is set to be the set of all names this host is kno)
2.883 F .384(wn by)-.25 F 5.384(.T)-.65 G .384(his can be used to)431.364 675 R
(match local hostnames.)117 687 Q(The class)142 703.2 Q F0($=k)2.5 E F1
(is set to be the same as)2.5 E F0($k)2.5 E F1 2.5(,t)C
(hat is, the UUCP node name.)312.69 703.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-29)452.9 60 Q 2.5(5.1.4. M)102 96 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne mailer)159.5
96 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Programs and interf)142 112.2 Q
(aces to mailers are de\214ned in this line.)-.1 E(The format is:)5 E F0(M)157
128.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(name)A F1 2.5(,{)C F2(\214eld)197.9 128.4 Q F1
(=)A F2(value)A F1(}*)1.666 E(where)117 144.6 Q F2(name)3.244 E F1 .744(is the\
 name of the mailer \(used internally only\) and the \231\214eld=name\232 pair\
s de\214ne)3.244 F(attrib)117 156.6 Q(utes of the mailer)-.2 E 5(.F)-.55 G
(ields are:)220.13 156.6 Q -.15(Pa)157 172.8 S 51.87(th The).15 F
(pathname of the mailer)2.5 E 47.83(Flags Special)157 184.8 R
(\215ags for this mailer)2.5 E 41.73(Sender A)157 196.8 R(re)2.5 E
(writing set for sender addresses)-.25 E 31.17(Recipient A)157 208.8 R(re)2.5 E
(writing set for recipient addresses)-.25 E(Ar)157 220.8 Q 49.13(gv An)-.18 F
(ar)2.5 E(gument v)-.18 E(ector to pass to this mailer)-.15 E 55.61(Eol The)157
232.8 R(end-of-line string for this mailer)2.5 E 35.62(Maxsize The)157 244.8 R
(maximum message length to this mailer)2.5 E 32.27(Linelimit The)157 256.8 R
(maximum line length in the message body)2.5 E 31.18(Directory The)157 268.8 R
-.1(wo)2.5 G(rking directory for the mailer).1 E
(Only the \214rst character of the \214eld name is check)117 285 Q(ed.)-.1 E
1.144(The follo)142 301.2 R 1.144
(wing \215ags may be set in the mailer description.)-.25 F(An)6.144 E 3.644(yo)
-.15 G 1.144(ther \215ags may be used)409.994 301.2 R(freely to conditionally \
assign headers to messages destined for particular mailers.)117 313.2 Q 15.56
(aR)117 329.4 S(un Extended SMTP \(ESMTP\) protocol \(de\214ned in RFCs 1425, \
1426, and 1427\).)143.67 329.4 Q 15(bF)117 345.6 S .674
(orce a blank line on the end of a message.)142.41 345.6 R .674
(This is intended to w)5.674 F .674(ork around some stupid)-.1 F -.15(ve)137
357.6 S .851(rsions of /bin/mail that require a blank line, b).15 F .851
(ut do not pro)-.2 F .852(vide it themselv)-.15 F 3.352(es. It)-.15 F -.1(wo)
3.352 G(uld).1 E(not normally be used on netw)137 369.6 Q(ork mail.)-.1 E 15.56
(cD)117 385.8 S 4.166(on)144.22 385.8 S 1.666
(ot include comments in addresses.)158.386 385.8 R 1.665
(This should only be used if you ha)6.665 F 1.965 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 4.165(ow).15
G(ork)490.67 385.8 Q(around a remote mailer that gets confused by comments.)137
397.8 Q 13.33(CI)117 414 S 3.06(fm)140.33 414 S .56(ail is)154.5 414 R F2 -.37
(re)3.06 G(ceived).37 E F1 .56(from a mailer with this \215ag set, an)3.06 F
3.06(ya)-.15 G .56(ddresses in the header that do not)367.33 414 R(ha)137 426 Q
.331 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.531(na).15 G 2.531(ts)174.472 426 S .031
(ign \(\231@\232\) after being re)183.673 426 R .031
(written by ruleset three will ha)-.25 F .33 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .03
(he \231@domain\232 clause).15 F(from the sender tack)137 438 Q(ed on.)-.1 E
(This allo)5 E(ws mail with headers of the form:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)177
454.2 Q -.8(To)177 466.2 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc)197.59 466.2 Q
(to be re)137 482.4 Q(written as:)-.25 E(From: usera@hosta)177 498.6 Q -.8(To)
177 510.6 S 2.5(:u).8 G(serb@hostb, userc@hosta)197.59 510.6 Q(automatically)
137 526.8 Q(.)-.65 E 12.78(DT)117 543 S(his mailer w)143.11 543 Q
(ants a \231Date:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15.56(eT)117 559.2 S .562
(his mailer is e)143.11 559.2 R(xpensi)-.15 E .862 -.15(ve t)-.25 H 3.062(oc)
.15 G .562(onnect to, so try to a)253.97 559.2 R -.2(vo)-.2 G .562
(id connecting normally; an).2 F 3.063(yn)-.15 G(ecessary)470.13 559.2 Q
(connection will occur during a queue run.)137 571.2 Q 13.89(EE)117 587.4 S
(scape lines be)143.11 587.4 Q
(ginning with \231From\232 in the message with a `>' sign.)-.15 E 16.67(fT)117
603.6 S .969(he mailer w)143.11 603.6 R .969(ants a)-.1 F F0<ad66>3.469 E F2
(fr)3.469 E(om)-.45 E F1 .969(\215ag, b)3.469 F .969(ut only if this is a netw)
-.2 F .969(ork forw)-.1 F .968(ard operation \(i.e., the)-.1 F(mailer will gi)
137 615.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.25 H 2.5(ne).15 G(rror if the e)218.81 615.6 Q -.15
(xe)-.15 G(cuting user does not ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial permissions\).).15 E 14.44(FT)117 631.8 S(his mailer w)143.11 631.8 Q
(ants a \231From:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(gN)117 648 S(ormally)144.22 648 Q
(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)3.529 E F1 1.029
(sends internally generated email \(e.g., error messages\) using the null)3.529
F .006(return address)137 662 R/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)193.376 658 Q F1 .006
(as required by RFC 1123.)199.382 662 R(Ho)5.006 E(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
.806 -.4(r, s).15 H .006(ome mailers don').4 F 2.505(ta)-.18 G .005
(ccept a null return)431.505 662 R 5.372(address. If)137 674 R(necessary)5.372
E 5.372(,y)-.65 G 2.872(ou can set the)240.486 674 R F0(g)5.372 E F1 2.872
(\215ag to pre)5.372 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt).15 E F2(sendmail)5.372 E F1 2.873
(from obe)5.372 F 2.873(ying the)-.15 F .32 LW 76 683.6 72 683.6 DL 80 683.6 76
683.6 DL 84 683.6 80 683.6 DL 88 683.6 84 683.6 DL 92 683.6 88 683.6 DL 96
683.6 92 683.6 DL 100 683.6 96 683.6 DL 104 683.6 100 683.6 DL 108 683.6 104
683.6 DL 112 683.6 108 683.6 DL 116 683.6 112 683.6 DL 120 683.6 116 683.6 DL
124 683.6 120 683.6 DL 128 683.6 124 683.6 DL 132 683.6 128 683.6 DL 136 683.6
132 683.6 DL 140 683.6 136 683.6 DL 144 683.6 140 683.6 DL 148 683.6 144 683.6
DL 152 683.6 148 683.6 DL 156 683.6 152 683.6 DL 160 683.6 156 683.6 DL 164
683.6 160 683.6 DL 168 683.6 164 683.6 DL 172 683.6 168 683.6 DL 176 683.6 172
683.6 DL 180 683.6 176 683.6 DL 184 683.6 180 683.6 DL 188 683.6 184 683.6 DL
192 683.6 188 683.6 DL 196 683.6 192 683.6 DL 200 683.6 196 683.6 DL 204 683.6
200 683.6 DL 208 683.6 204 683.6 DL 212 683.6 208 683.6 DL 216 683.6 212 683.6
DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(9)93.6 694 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2
(,t)-.52 G(his only applies to SMTP)129.356 697.2 Q 2(,w)-.888 G
(hich uses the `)219.588 697.2 Q(`MAIL FR)-.592 E(OM:<>')-.32 E 2('c)-.592 G
(ommand.)333.98 697.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-30 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .212
(standards; error messages will be sent as from the MAILER-D)137 96 R .211
(AEMON \(actually)-.4 F 2.711(,t)-.65 G .211(he v)470.439 96 R(alue)-.25 E
(of the)137 108 Q F0($n)2.5 E F1(macro\).)2.5 E 15(hU)117 124.2 S
(pper case should be preserv)144.22 124.2 Q(ed in host names for this mailer)
-.15 E(.)-.55 E 16.67(IT)117 140.4 S .092
(his mailer will be speaking SMTP to another)143.11 140.4 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.592 E F1 2.593<8a61>2.593 G 2.593(ss)381.242
140.4 S .093(uch it can use special proto-)391.615 140.4 R .319(col features.)
137 152.4 R .319(This option is not required \(i.e., if this option is omitted\
 the transmission will)5.319 F(still operate successfully)137 164.4 Q 2.5(,a)
-.65 G(lthough perhaps not as ef)244.11 164.4 Q(\214ciently as possible\).)-.25
E 17.22(lT)117 180.6 S(his mailer is local \(i.e., \214nal deli)143.11 180.6 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G(ry will be performed\).).15 E 13.89(LL)117 196.8 S .69
(imit the line lengths as speci\214ed in RFC821.)143.11 196.8 R .69
(This deprecated option should be replaced)5.69 F(by the)137 208.8 Q F0(L=)2.5
E F1(mail declaration.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(rh).15 G(istoric reasons, the)
272.54 208.8 Q F0(L)2.5 E F1(\215ag also sets the)2.5 E F0(7)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)
2.5 E 12.22(mT)117 225 S 1.273
(his mailer can send to multiple users on the same host in one transaction.)
143.11 225 R 1.273(When a)6.273 F F0($u)3.773 E F1 .621(macro occurs in the)137
237 R F2(ar)3.121 E(gv)-.37 E F1 .621
(part of the mailer de\214nition, that \214eld will be repeated as neces-)3.121
F(sary for all qualifying users.)137 249 Q 11.11(MT)117 265.2 S(his mailer w)
143.11 265.2 Q(ants a \231Message-Id:\232 header line.)-.1 E 15(nD)117 281.4 S
2.5(on)144.22 281.4 S
(ot insert a UNIX-style \231From\232 line on the front of the message.)156.72
281.4 Q 15(pU)117 297.6 S .702(se the route-addr style re)144.22 297.6 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G .702(rse-path in the SMTP \231MAIL FR).15 F .701
(OM:\232 command rather than)-.4 F .421
(just the return address; although this is required in RFC821 section 3.1, man)
137 309.6 R 2.922(yh)-.15 G .422(osts do not)459.816 309.6 R(process re)137
321.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rse-paths properly).15 E 5(.R)-.65 G -2.15 -.25(ev e)
272.3 321.6 T(rse-paths are of).25 E(\214cially discouraged by RFC 1123.)-.25 E
14.44(PT)117 337.8 S(his mailer w)143.11 337.8 Q(ants a \231Return-P)-.1 E
(ath:\232 line.)-.15 E 16.67(rS)117 354 S(ame as)142.56 354 Q F0(f)2.5 E F1 2.5
(,b)C(ut sends a)185.68 354 Q F0<ad72>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 16.11(sS)117 370.2
S(trip quote characters of)142.56 370.2 Q 2.5(fo)-.25 G 2.5(ft)245.61 370.2 S
(he address before calling the mailer)254.22 370.2 Q(.)-.55 E 14.44(SD)117
386.4 S(on')144.22 386.4 Q 3.443(tr)-.18 G .943
(eset the userid before calling the mailer)166.923 386.4 R 5.943(.T)-.55 G .943
(his w)344.324 386.4 R .942(ould be used in a secure en)-.1 F(viron-)-.4 E .49
(ment where)137 398.4 R F2(sendmail)2.99 E F1 .49(ran as root.)2.99 F .491
(This could be used to a)5.491 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .491(id for).2 F .491
(ged addresses.)-.18 F .491(This \215ag)5.491 F(is suppressed if gi)137 410.4 Q
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nf).15 G(rom an \231unsafe\232 en)228.81 410.4 Q
(vironment \(e.g, a user')-.4 E 2.5(sm)-.55 G(ail.cf \214le\).)410.31 410.4 Q
15(uU)117 426.6 S(pper case should be preserv)144.22 426.6 Q
(ed in user names for this mailer)-.15 E(.)-.55 E 12.78(UT)117 442.8 S 2.997
(his mailer w)143.11 442.8 R 2.996
(ants Unix-style \231From\232 lines with the ugly UUCP-style \231remote from)
-.1 F(<host>\232 on the end.)137 454.8 Q 15(xT)117 471 S(his mailer w)143.11
471 Q(ants a \231Full-Name:\232 header line.)-.1 E 12.78(XT)117 487.2 S 1.22
(his mailer w)143.11 487.2 R 1.22
(ant to use the hidden dot algorithm as speci\214ed in RFC821; basically)-.1 F
3.72(,a)-.65 G -.15(ny)494.15 487.2 S .225(line be)137 499.2 R .225
(ginning with a dot will ha)-.15 F .525 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.725(ne).15 G .224
(xtra dot prepended \(to be stripped at the other end\).)296.47 499.2 R .525(T\
his insures that lines in the message containing a dot will not terminate the \
message pre-)137 511.2 R(maturely)137 523.2 Q(.)-.65 E 15(7S)117 539.4 S .152
(trip all output to se)142.56 539.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(nb).15 G 2.652
(its. This)240.42 539.4 R .152(is the def)2.652 F .152(ault if the)-.1 F F0(L)
2.652 E F1 .152(\215ag is set.)2.652 F .152(Note that setting this is)5.152 F
.078(not suf)137 551.4 R .079
(\214cient to get full eight bit data passed through)-.25 F F2(sendmail)2.579 E
F1 5.079(.I)C 2.579(ft)398.437 551.4 S(he)407.126 551.4 Q F0(7)2.579 E F1 .079
(option is set, this is)2.579 F(essentially al)137 563.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys set, since the eighth bit w).1 E(as stripped on input.)-.1 E 2.122(The mai\
ler with the special name \231error\232 can be used to generate a user error)
142 579.6 R 7.122(.T)-.55 G(he)494.56 579.6 Q .246
(\(optional\) host \214eld is an e)117 591.6 R .247
(xit status to be returned, and the user \214eld is a message to be printed.)
-.15 F .337(The e)117 603.6 R .337(xit status may be numeric or one of the v)
-.15 F .336(alues USA)-.25 F .336(GE, NOUSER, NOHOST)-.4 F 2.836(,U)-.74 G -.35
(NA)465.4 603.6 S -1.35(VA)-1 G(IL-)1.35 E .828(ABLE, SOFTW)117 615.6 R .828
(ARE, TEMPF)-1.2 F .828(AIL, PR)-.74 F -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4 H .828
(COL, or CONFIG to return the corresponding EX_).4 F -.15(ex)117 627.6 S
(it code.).15 E -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G(xample, the entry:)181.26 627.6 Q
($#error $@ NOHOST $: Host unkno)157 643.8 Q(wn in this domain)-.25 E .261(on \
the RHS of a rule will cause the speci\214ed error to be generated and the \
\231Host unkno)117 660 R .261(wn\232 e)-.25 F(xit)-.15 E
(status to be returned if the LHS matches.)117 672 Q
(This mailer is only functional in ruleset zero.)5 E 1.563
(The mailer named \231local\232)142 688.2 R F2(must)4.063 E F1 1.564
(be de\214ned in e)4.063 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.564(ry con\214guration \214le.).15
F 1.564(This is used to)6.564 F(deli)117 700.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.039(rl).15 G
1.539(ocal mail, and is treated specially in se)151.189 700.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.538(ral w).15 F 4.038(ays. Additionally)-.1 F 4.038(,t)-.65 G 1.538
(hree other mailers)428.724 700.2 R 1.367(named \231prog\232, \231*\214le*\232\
, and \231*include*\232 may be de\214ned to tune the deli)117 712.2 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.368(ry of messages to).15 F
(programs, \214les, and :include: lists respecti)117 724.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly)
.15 E 5(.T)-.65 G(he)315.38 724.2 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)337.17 724.2 Q(ault to:)
-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-31)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(Mprog, P=/bin/sh, F=lsD, A=sh \255c $u)157 96 Q(M*\214le*, P=/de)157 108 Q
(v/null, F=lsDFMPEu, A=FILE)-.25 E(M*include*, P=/de)157 120 Q
(v/null, F=su, A=INCLUDE)-.25 E 1.264(The Sender and Recipient re)142 140.4 R
1.263(writing sets may either be a simple inte)-.25 F 1.263(ger or may be tw)
-.15 F(o)-.1 E(inte)117 152.4 Q .046
(gers separated by a slash; if so, the \214rst re)-.15 F .047
(writing set is applied to en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .047(lope addresses and the)
.15 F(second is applied to headers.)117 164.4 Q 1.259
(The Directory is actually a colon-separated path of directories to try)142
180.6 R 6.258(.F)-.65 G 1.258(or e)439.704 180.6 R 1.258(xample, the)-.15 F
.143(de\214nition \231D=$z:/\232 \214rst tries to e)117 192.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G
.143(cute in the recipient').15 F 2.643(sh)-.55 G .144
(ome directory; if that is not a)353.327 192.6 R -.25(va)-.2 G(ilable,).25 E
.781(it tries to e)117 204.6 R -.15(xe)-.15 G .781
(cute in the root of the \214lesystem.).15 F .78
(This is intended to be used only on the \231prog\232)5.781 F(mailer)117 216.6
Q 2.898(,s)-.4 G .398(ince some shells \(such as)151.438 216.6 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(csh)2.898 E F1 2.898(\)r)C .398(efuse to e)279.356 216.6 R
-.15(xe)-.15 G .398(cute if the).15 F 2.898(yc)-.15 G .398
(annot read the home directory)380.586 216.6 R(.)-.65 E .416
(Since the queue directory is not normally readable by normal users)117 228.6 R
F2(csh)2.916 E F1 .416(scripts as recipients can)2.916 F -.1(fa)117 240.6 S
(il.).1 E F0 2.5(5.1.5. H)102 264.6 R 2.5<8a64>2.5 G(e\214ne header)157.84
264.6 Q F1 .198(The format of the header lines that sendmail inserts into the \
message are de\214ned by the)142 280.8 R F0(H)2.699 E F1 2.5(line. The)117
292.8 R(syntax of this line is:)2.5 E F0(H)157 309 Q F1([)A F0(?)A F2(m\215a)A
(gs)-.1 E F0(?)A F1(])A F2(hname)A F0(:)A F2(htemplate)2.5 E F1 .691(Continuat\
ion lines in this spec are re\215ected directly into the outgoing message.)117
325.2 R(The)5.69 E F2(htemplate)3.19 E F1 1.566(is macro e)117 337.2 R 1.567
(xpanded before insertion into the message.)-.15 F 1.567(If the)6.567 F F2
(m\215a)4.067 E(gs)-.1 E F1 1.567(\(surrounded by question)4.067 F .219(marks\
\) are speci\214ed, at least one of the speci\214ed \215ags must be stated in \
the mailer de\214nition for)117 349.2 R .093
(this header to be automatically output.)117 361.2 R .093
(If one of these headers is in the input it is re\215ected to the)5.093 F
(output re)117 373.2 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G(rdless of these \215ags.).05 E
(Some headers ha)142 389.4 Q .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial semantics that will be described belo).15 E -.65(w.)-.25 G F0 2.5
(5.1.6. O)102 413.4 R 2.5<8a73>2.5 G(et option)156.17 413.4 Q F1 .045(There ar\
e a number of \231random\232 options that can be set from a con\214guration \
\214le.)142 429.6 R(Options)5.045 E(are represented by single characters.)117
441.6 Q(The syntax of this line is:)5 E F0(O)157 457.8 Q F2 1.666(ov)C(alue)
-1.666 E F1 1.054(This sets option)117 474 R F2(o)3.554 E F1 1.054(to be)3.554
F F2(value)3.554 E F1 6.054(.D)C 1.054(epending on the option,)256.318 474 R F2
(value)3.555 E F1 1.055(may be a string, an inte)3.555 F(ger)-.15 E 3.555(,a)
-.4 G(boolean \(with le)117 486 Q -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.5(lv).05 G
(alues \231t\232, \231T\232, \231f\232, or \231F\232; the def)201.26 486 Q
(ault is TR)-.1 E(UE\), or a time interv)-.4 E(al.)-.25 E
(The options supported are:)142 502.2 Q(a)117 518.4 Q F2(N)A F1 .655(If set, w)
189 518.4 R .655(ait up to)-.1 F F2(N)3.155 E F1 .655
(minutes for an \231@:@\232 entry to e)3.155 F .655(xist in the alias database)
-.15 F .474(before starting up.)189 530.4 R .474(If it does not appear in)5.474
F F2(N)2.974 E F1 .475(minutes, reb)2.974 F .475(uild the database \(if)-.2 F
(the)189 542.4 Q F0(D)2.5 E F1(option is also set\) or issue a w)2.5 E(arning.)
-.1 E(A)117 558.6 Q F2 .507(spec, spec, ...)B F1 .507
(Specify possible alias \214le\(s\).)190.014 558.6 R(Each)5.507 E F2(spec)3.006
E F1 .506(should be in the format `)3.006 F(`)-.74 E F2(class)A F0(:)A F2
(\214le)3.006 E F1 -.74('')C(where)189 570.6 Q F2(class)2.947 E F0(:)A F1 .447
(is optional and def)2.947 F .447(aults to `)-.1 F(`implicit')-.74 E 2.947
('. Depending)-.74 F .448(on ho)2.948 F(w)-.25 E F0(send-)2.948 E(mail)189
582.6 Q F1 1.224(is compiled, v)3.724 F 1.224
(alid classes are \231implicit\232 \(search through a compiled-in)-.25 F .193
(list of alias \214le types, for back compatibility\), \231hash\232 \(if)189
594.6 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(NEWDB)2.693 E F1 .193(is speci\214ed\),)2.693 F
.882(\231dbm\232 \(if)189 606.6 R F3(NDBM)3.382 E F1 .882
(is speci\214ed\), \231stab\232 \(internal symbol table \212 not normally)3.382
F .475(used unless you ha)189 618.6 R .775 -.15(ve n)-.2 H 2.975(oo).15 G .476
(ther database lookup\), or \231nis\232 \(if)295.735 618.6 R F3(NIS)2.976 E F1
.476(is speci\214ed\).)2.976 F(If a list of)189 630.6 Q F2(spec)2.5 E F1 2.5
(sa)C(re pro)259.26 630.6 Q(vided,)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(searches them in order)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(b)117 646.8 Q F2(N)A F1(/)A F2(M)A F1
1.589(Insist on at least)189 646.8 R F2(N)4.089 E F1 1.588
(blocks free on the \214lesystem that holds the queue \214les)4.089 F .19
(before accepting email via SMTP)189 658.8 R 5.19(.I)-1.11 G 2.69(ft)334.09
658.8 S .19(here is insuf)342.89 658.8 R .19(\214cient space)-.25 F F2
(sendmail)2.69 E F1(gi)2.69 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(s).15 E 3.67(a4)189 670.8 S 1.17
(52 response to the MAIL command.)202.11 670.8 R 1.17(This in)6.17 F 1.17
(vites the sender to try ag)-.4 F(ain)-.05 E(later)189 682.8 Q 5.986(.T)-.55 G
.986(he optional)220.816 682.8 R F2(M)3.486 E F1 .987
(is a maximum message size adv)3.486 F .987(ertised in the ESMTP)-.15 F
(EHLO response.)189 694.8 Q(It is currently otherwise unused.)5 E(B)117 711 Q
F2(c)A F1 1.445(Set the blank substitution character to)189 711 R F2(c)3.945 E
F1 6.444(.U)C 1.444(nquoted spaces in addresses are)371.594 711 R
(replaced by this character)189 723 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)305.63 723 Q
(aults to space \(i.e., no change is made\).)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-32 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 67.56(cI)117 96
S 3.892(fa)192.33 96 S 3.892(no)203.992 96 S 1.393(utgoing mailer is mark)
217.884 96 R 1.393(ed as being e)-.1 F(xpensi)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.893(,d)
.15 G(on')415.294 96 Q 3.893(tc)-.18 G 1.393(onnect immedi-)439.557 96 R(ately)
189 108 Q 6.164(.T)-.65 G 1.164
(his requires that queueing be compiled in, since it will depend on a)222.564
108 R(queue run process to actually send the mail.)189 120 Q(C)117 136.2 Q/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(N)A F1 1.49(Checkpoints the queue e)189 136.2 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ry).15 E F2(N)3.99 E F1(\(def)3.99 E 1.49(ault 10\) addresses sent.)-.1
F 1.49(If your system)6.49 F .785(crashes during deli)189 148.2 R -.15(ve)-.25
G .785(ry to a lar).15 F .785(ge list, this pre)-.18 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .785
(nts retransmission to an).15 F 3.285(yb)-.15 G(ut)496.22 148.2 Q
(the last recipients.)189 160.2 Q(d)117 176.4 Q F2(x)A F1(Deli)189 176.4 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nm)223.87 176.4 S(ode)239.15 176.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1
5(.L)C -2.25 -.15(eg a)274.14 176.4 T 2.5(lm).15 G(odes are:)300.88 176.4 Q
17.22(iD)229 192.6 S(eli)256.22 192.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G(nteracti)
283.87 192.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly \(synchronously\)).15 E 15(bD)229 204.6 S(eli)
256.22 204.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G 2.5(nb)283.87 204.6 S
(ackground \(asynchronously\))296.37 204.6 Q 15(qJ)229 216.6 S
(ust queue the message \(deli)252.89 216.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rd).15 G
(uring queue run\))382.74 216.6 Q(Def)189 232.8 Q 1.32(aults to `)-.1 F(`b')
-.74 E 3.82('i)-.74 G 3.82(fn)261.64 232.8 S 3.82(oo)273.79 232.8 S 1.32
(ption is speci\214ed, `)287.61 232.8 R(`i')-.74 E 3.82('i)-.74 G 3.82(fi)
385.57 232.8 S 3.82(ti)395.5 232.8 S 3.82(ss)404.88 232.8 S 1.32(peci\214ed b)
416.48 232.8 R 1.32(ut gi)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.82(nn).15 G(o)499 232.8 Q(ar)
189 244.8 Q(gument \(i.e., `)-.18 E(`Od')-.74 E 2.5('i)-.74 G 2.5(se)278.98
244.8 S(qui)289.81 244.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to `).25 E(`Odi')-.74 E('\).)
-.74 E 64.78(DI)117 261 S 2.736(fs)192.33 261 S .236(et, reb)202.286 261 R .236
(uild the alias database if necessary and possible.)-.2 F .235
(If this option is not)5.236 F(set,)189 273 Q F2(sendmail)3.385 E F1 .885
(will ne)3.385 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.385(rr).15 G(eb)292.96 273 Q .885
(uild the alias database unless e)-.2 F .885(xplicitly requested)-.15 F(using)
189 285 Q F0(\255bi)2.5 E F1(.)A(e)117 301.2 Q F2(x)A F1
(Dispose of errors using mode)189 301.2 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.T)C(he v)327.31
301.2 Q(alues for)-.25 E F2(x)2.5 E F1(are:)2.5 E 15(pP)229 317.4 S
(rint error messages \(def)254.56 317.4 Q(ault\))-.1 E 15(qN)229 329.4 S 2.5
(om)256.22 329.4 S(essages, just gi)271.5 329.4 Q .3 -.15(ve ex)-.25 H
(it status).15 E 12.22(mM)229 341.4 S(ail back errors)257.89 341.4 Q 12.78(wW)
229 353.4 S(rite back errors \(mail if user not logged in\))258.44 353.4 Q
15.56(eM)229 365.4 S(ail back errors and gi)257.89 365.4 Q .3 -.15(ve z)-.25 H
(ero e).15 E(xit stat al)-.15 E -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys).1 E(E)117 385.8 Q F2
(\214le/messa)A -.1(ge)-.1 G F1 .549
(Prepend error messages with the indicated message.)189 385.8 R .549(If it be)
5.549 F .549(gins with a slash,)-.15 F .107(it is assumed to be the pathname o\
f a \214le containing a message \(this is the rec-)189 397.8 R 1.317
(ommended setting\).)189 409.8 R 1.316(Otherwise, it is a literal message.)
6.317 F 1.316(The error \214le might)6.316 F .99
(contain the name, email address, and/or phone number of a local postmaster)189
421.8 R .429(who could pro)189 433.8 R .429(vide assistance in to end users.)
-.15 F .428(If the option is missing or null,)5.429 F .342
(or if it names a \214le which does not e)189 445.8 R .342
(xist or which is not readable, no message)-.15 F(is printed.)189 457.8 Q 68.67
(fS)117 474 S -2.25 -.2(av e)194.56 474 T 2.399
(Unix-style \231From\232 lines at the front of headers.)5.1 F 2.399
(Normally the)7.399 F 4.899(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 474 Q
(assumed redundant and discarded.)189 486 Q(F)117 502.2 Q F2(mode)A F1
(The \214le mode for queue \214les.)189 502.2 Q(g)117 518.4 Q F2(n)A F1
(Set the def)189 518.4 Q(ault group id for mailers to run in to)-.1 E F2(n)2.5
E F1 5(.D)C(ef)397.77 518.4 Q(aults to 1.)-.1 E 64.78(GA)117 534.6 S(llo)196.22
534.6 Q 3.491(wf)-.25 G .991(uzzy matching on the GECOS \214eld.)220.571 534.6
R .992(If this \215ag is set, and the usual)5.991 F .794(user name lookups f)
189 546.6 R .793(ail \(that is, there is no alias with this name and a)-.1 F F2
-.1(ge)3.293 G(tpw-).1 E(nam)189 558.6 Q F1 -.1(fa)3.701 G 1.201
(ils\), sequentially search the passw).1 F 1.202
(ord \214le for a matching entry in the)-.1 F 1.446(GECOS \214eld.)189 570.6 R
1.446(This also requires that MA)6.446 F 1.446(TCHGECOS be turned on during)
-1.11 F 2.5(compilation. This)189 582.6 R(option is not recommended.)2.5 E(h)
117 598.8 Q F2(N)A F1 1.273(The maximum hop count.)189 598.8 R 1.274
(Messages that ha)6.273 F 1.574 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.274(een processed more than)
.15 F F2(N)3.774 E F1(times are assumed to be in a loop and are rejected.)189
610.8 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 25.)-.1 E(H)117 627 Q F2(\214le)A F1
(Specify the help \214le for SMTP)189 627 Q(.)-1.11 E 69.22(iI)117 643.2 S
1.015(gnore dots in incoming messages.)192.33 643.2 R 1.014(This is al)6.014 F
-.1(wa)-.1 G 1.014(ys disabled \(that is, dots are).1 F(al)189 655.2 Q -.1(wa)
-.1 G(ys accepted\) when reading SMTP mail.).1 E 68.67(II)117 671.4 S .619
(nsist that the BIND name serv)192.33 671.4 R .619(er be running to resolv)-.15
F 3.119(eh)-.15 G .62(ost names.)421.52 671.4 R .62(If this is)5.62 F .945
(not set and the name serv)189 683.4 R .945(er is not running, the)-.15 F F2
(/etc/hosts)3.445 E F1 .945(\214le will be consid-)3.445 F .187(ered complete.)
189 695.4 R .188(In general, you do w)5.187 F .188
(ant to set this option if your)-.1 F F2(/etc/hosts)2.688 E F1(\214le)2.688 E
.412(does not include all hosts kno)189 707.4 R .412
(wn to you or if you are using the MX \(mail for)-.25 F(-)-.2 E -.1(wa)189
719.4 S 2.03(rding\) feature of the BIND name serv).1 F(er)-.15 E 7.03(.T)-.55
G 2.03(he name serv)385.96 719.4 R 2.03(er will still be)-.15 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-33)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .56(consulted e)189 96 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.06(ni).15 G 3.06(ft)254.71 96 S .56(his option is not set, b)263.88 96
R(ut)-.2 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.06 E F1 .56
(will feel free to resort to)3.06 F(reading)189 108 Q F2(/etc/hosts)3.052 E F1
.552(if the name serv)3.052 F .553(er is not a)-.15 F -.25(va)-.2 G 3.053
(ilable. Thus,).25 F .553(you should)3.053 F F2(ne)3.053 E(ver)-.15 E F1
(set this option if you do not run the name serv)189 120 Q(er)-.15 E(.)-.55 E
69.22(jI)117 136.2 S 3.129(fs)192.33 136.2 S .628
(et, send error messages in MIME format \(see RFC1341 and RFC1344 for)202.679
136.2 R(details\).)189 148.2 Q(J)117 164.4 Q F2(path)A F1 4.923
(Set the path for searching for users' .forw)189 164.4 R 4.923(ard \214les.)-.1
F 4.923(The def)9.923 F 4.923(ault is)-.1 F(\231$z/.forw)189 176.4 Q 2.869
(ard\232. Some)-.1 F .368
(sites that use the automounter may prefer to change this)2.869 F .676
(to \231/v)189 188.4 R(ar/forw)-.25 E .676
(ard/$u\232 to search a \214le with the same name as the user in a sys-)-.1 F
.925(tem directory)189 200.4 R 5.925(.I)-.65 G 3.425(tc)254.63 200.4 S .924
(an also be set to a sequence of paths separated by colons;)265.275 200.4 R F2
(sendmail)189 212.4 Q F1 .645
(stops at the \214rst \214le it can successfully and safely open.)3.145 F -.15
(Fo)5.646 G 3.146(re).15 G(xam-)483.45 212.4 Q 1.535(ple, \231/v)189 224.4 R
(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/$u:$z/.forw)-.1 E 1.535(ard\232 will search \214rst in /v)
-.1 F(ar/forw)-.25 E(ard/)-.1 E F2(username)A F1(and then in)189 236.4 Q F2
(~username)2.5 E F1(/.forw)A(ard \(b)-.1 E
(ut only if the \214rst \214le does not e)-.2 E(xist\).)-.15 E(k)117 252.6 Q F2
(N)A F1 .196
(The maximum number of open connections that will be cached at a time.)189
252.6 R(The)5.197 E(def)189 264.6 Q .567(ault is one.)-.1 F .567
(This delays closing the the current connection until either this)5.567 F(in)
189 276.6 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G .516
(cation of sendmail needs to connect to another host or it terminates.).2 F
(Set-)5.516 E 1.959(ting it to zero def)189 288.6 R 1.959
(aults to the old beha)-.1 F(vior)-.2 E 4.458(,t)-.4 G 1.958
(hat is, connections are closed)379.248 288.6 R(immediately)189 300.6 Q(.)-.65
E(K)117 316.8 Q F2(timeout)A F1 .882
(The maximum amount of time a cached connection will be permitted to idle)189
316.8 R 2.746(without acti)189 328.8 R(vity)-.25 E 7.746(.I)-.65 G 5.246(ft)
267.482 328.8 S 2.746(his time is e)278.838 328.8 R 2.746
(xceeded, the connection is immediately)-.15 F 4.422(closed. This)189 340.8 R
-.25(va)4.422 G 1.923(lue should be small \(on the order of ten minutes\).).25
F(Before)6.923 E F0(sendmail)189 352.8 Q F1 1.084
(uses a cached connection, it al)3.584 F -.1(wa)-.1 G 1.083
(ys sends a NOOP \(no operation\)).1 F 2.058
(command to check the connection; if this f)189 364.8 R 2.058
(ails, it reopens the connection.)-.1 F .478(This k)189 376.8 R .478
(eeps your end from f)-.1 F .478(ailing if the other end times out.)-.1 F .478
(The point of this)5.478 F 3.099(option is to be a good netw)189 388.8 R 3.099
(ork neighbor and a)-.1 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 3.1(id using up e).2 F(xcessi)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(resources on the other end.)189 400.8 Q(The def)5 E
(ault is \214v)-.1 E 2.5(em)-.15 G(inutes.)383.99 400.8 Q 69.22(lI)117 417 S
3.14(ft)192.33 417 S .64(here is an \231Errors-T)201.58 417 R .64
(o:\232 header)-.8 F 3.14(,s)-.4 G .64
(end error messages to the addresses listed)333.53 417 R 3.95(there. The)189
429 R 3.95(yn)-.15 G 1.451(ormally go to the en)247.29 429 R -.15(ve)-.4 G
1.451(lope sender).15 F 6.451(.U)-.55 G 1.451(se of this option causes)405.426
429 R(sendmail to violate RFC 1123.)189 441 Q(L)117 457.2 Q F2(n)A F1
(Set the def)189 457.2 Q(ault log le)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lt).15 G(o)288.77
457.2 Q F2(n)2.5 E F1 5(.D)C(ef)315.99 457.2 Q(aults to 9.)-.1 E 64.22(mS)117
473.4 S(end to me too, e)194.56 473.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ni).15 G 2.5(fIa)
278.04 473.4 S 2.5(mi)294.14 473.4 S 2.5(na)307.2 473.4 S 2.5(na)319.14 473.4 S
(lias e)331.08 473.4 Q(xpansion.)-.15 E(M)117 489.6 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666
E F1 1.313(Set the macro)189 489.6 R F2(x)3.812 E F1(to)3.812 E F2(value)3.812
E F1 6.312(.T)C 1.312(his is intended only for use from the command)306.854
489.6 R(line.)189 501.6 Q 67(nV)117 517.8 S
(alidate the RHS of aliases when reb)195.11 517.8 Q
(uilding the alias database.)-.2 E 67(oA)117 534 S 1.786
(ssume that the headers may be in old format, i.e., spaces delimit names.)
196.22 534 R .433(This actually turns on an adapti)189 546 R .733 -.15(ve a)
-.25 H .433(lgorithm: if an).15 F 2.932(yr)-.15 G .432
(ecipient address contains)403.156 546 R 5.089(ac)189 558 S 2.589
(omma, parenthesis, or angle brack)202.969 558 R 2.589
(et, it will be assumed that commas)-.1 F .485(already e)189 570 R 2.985
(xist. If)-.15 F .485(this \215ag is not on, only commas delimit names.)2.985 F
.484(Headers are)5.484 F(al)189 582 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys output with commas between the names.).1 E(O)117 598.2 Q F2(options)A F1
(Set serv)189 598.2 Q(er SMTP options.)-.15 E(The options are)5 E F2 -.1(ke)2.5
G(y=value)-.2 E F1 2.5(pairs. Kno)2.5 F(wn k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G 2.5(sa).15 G
(re:)488.82 598.2 Q 52.83(Port Name/number)229 614.4 R(of listening port \(def)
2.5 E(aults to "smtp"\))-.1 E 48.95(Addr Address)229 626.4 R(mask \(def)2.5 E
(aults IN)-.1 E(ADDR_ANY\))-.35 E -.15(Fa)229 638.4 S 41.31(mily Address).15 F
-.1(fa)2.5 G(mily \(def).1 E(aults to INET\))-.1 E 44.5(Listen Size)229 650.4 R
(of listen queue \(def)2.5 E(aults to 10\))-.1 E(The)189 666.6 Q F2(Addr)4.113
E F1 1.614(ess mask may be a numeric address in dot notation or a netw)B(ork)
-.1 E(name.)189 678.6 Q(p)117 694.8 Q F2(opt,opt,...)1.666 E F1 1.221
(Set the pri)189 694.8 R -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G F2(opt)3.871 E F1 3.721
(ions. `)B(`Pri)-.74 E -.25(va)-.25 G -.15(cy).25 G 2.701 -.74('' i).15 H 3.721
(sr).74 G 1.221(eally a misnomer; man)351.856 694.8 R 3.721(yo)-.15 G 3.72(ft)
460.47 694.8 S 1.22(hese are)470.3 694.8 R 2.418(just a w)189 706.8 R 2.418
(ay of insisting on stricter adherence to the SMTP protocol.)-.1 F(The)7.419 E
F2(opt)189 718.8 Q F1(ions can be selected from:)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-34 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 40.26
(public Allo)229 96 R 2.5(wo)-.25 G(pen access)329.01 96 Q 11.38
(needmailhelo Insist)229 108 R(on HELO or EHLO command before MAIL)2.5 E(neede)
229 120 Q 9.87(xpnhelo Insist)-.15 F(on HELO or EHLO command before EXPN)2.5 E
(noe)229 132 Q 35.97(xpn Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wE)-.25 G(XPN entirely)341.23 132 Q
12.5(needvrfyhelo Insist)229 144 R(on HELO or EHLO command before VRFY)2.5 E
(no)229 156 Q 38.75(vrfy Disallo)-.15 F 2.5(wV)-.25 G(RFY entirely)342.34 156 Q
14.71(restrictmailq Restrict)229 168 R(mailq command)2.5 E(goa)229 180 Q -.1
(wa)-.15 G 36.91(yD).1 G(isallo)303.98 180 Q 2.5(we)-.25 G
(ssentially all SMTP status queries)339.56 180 Q 1.768(The \231goa)189 196.2 R
-.1(wa)-.15 G 1.768(y\232 pseudo-\215ag sets all \215ags e).1 F 1.768
(xcept \231restrictmailq\232.)-.15 F 1.768(If mailq is)6.768 F .688(restricted\
, only people in the same group as the queue directory can print the)189 208.2
R(queue.)189 220.2 Q(P)117 236.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(postmaster)A F1
1.115(If set, copies of error messages will be sent to the named)189 236.4 R F2
(postmaster)3.614 E F1 6.114(.O)C(nly)491.22 236.4 Q .397(the header of the f)
189 248.4 R .398(ailed message is sent.)-.1 F .398
(Since most errors are user problems,)5.398 F .564
(this is probably not a good idea on lar)189 260.4 R .563(ge sites, and ar)-.18
F .563(guably contains all sorts)-.18 F .05(of pri)189 272.4 R -.25(va)-.25 G
.35 -.15(cy v).25 H .05(iolations, b).15 F .05
(ut it seems to be popular with certain operating systems)-.2 F -.15(ve)189
284.4 S(ndors.).15 E(q)117 300.6 Q F2(factor)A F1(Use)189 300.6 Q F2(factor)
3.098 E F1 .597
(as the multiplier in the map function to decide when to just queue)3.098 F
.425(up jobs rather than run them.)189 312.6 R .425(This v)5.425 F .425
(alue is di)-.25 F .426(vided by the dif)-.25 F .426(ference between)-.25 F
1.064(the current load a)189 324.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.064(rage and the load a)
.15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.064(rage limit \().15 F F0(x)A F1 1.063
(\215ag\) to determine the)3.564 F(maximum message priority that will be sent.)
189 336.6 Q(Def)5 E(aults to 600000.)-.1 E(Q)117 352.8 Q F2(dir)A F1
(Use the named)189 352.8 Q F2(dir)2.5 E F1(as the queue directory)2.5 E(.)-.65
E(r)117 369 Q F2(timeouts)1.666 E F1 -.35(Ti)189 369 S 3.938(meout reads after)
.35 F F2(time)6.438 E F1(interv)6.438 E 6.438(al. The)-.25 F F2(timeouts)6.438
E F1(ar)6.438 E 3.938(gument is a list of)-.18 F F2 -.1(ke)189 381 S(ywor)-.2 E
(d=value)-.37 E F1 3.61(pairs. The)3.61 F 1.11
(recognized timeouts and their def)3.61 F 1.11(ault v)-.1 F 1.11(alues, and)
-.25 F(their minimum v)189 393 Q
(alues speci\214ed in RFC 1123 section 5.3.2 are:)-.25 E 23.6(initial w)229
409.2 R(ait for initial greeting message [5m, 5m])-.1 E 29.72(helo reply)229
421.2 R(to HELO or EHLO command [5m, none])2.5 E 29.16(mail reply)229 433.2 R
(to MAIL command [10m, 5m])2.5 E 31.39(rcpt reply)229 445.2 R
(to RCPT command [1h, 5m])2.5 E 16.94(datainit reply)229 457.2 R(to D)2.5 E
-1.21 -1.11(AT A)-.4 H(command [5m, 2m])3.61 E 8.06(datablock data)229 469.2 R
(block read [1h, 3m])2.5 E 12.5(data\214nal reply)229 481.2 R(to \214nal `)2.5
E(`.)-.74 E 1.48 -.74('' i)-.7 H 2.5(nd).74 G(ata [1h, 10m])363.47 481.2 Q 32.5
(rset reply)229 493.2 R(to RSET command [5m, none])2.5 E 31.38(quit reply)229
505.2 R(to Q)2.5 E(UIT command [2m, none])-.1 E 28.05(misc reply)229 517.2 R
(to NOOP and VERB commands [2m, none])2.5 E 7.5(command command)229 529.2 R
(read [1h, 5m])2.5 E .798(All b)189 545.4 R .798
(ut \231command\232 apply to client SMTP)-.2 F 5.798(.F)-1.11 G .798
(or back compatibility)373.406 545.4 R 3.299(,at)-.65 G(imeout)476.22 545.4 Q
(with no `)189 557.4 Q(`k)-.74 E -.15(ey)-.1 G -.1(wo).15 G(rd=').1 E 2.5('p)
-.74 G(art will set all of the longer v)281.4 557.4 Q(alues.)-.25 E 65.33(RN)
117 573.6 S(ormally)196.22 573.6 Q(,)-.65 E F2(sendmail)4.154 E F1 1.653
(tries to eliminate an)4.154 F 4.153(yu)-.15 G 1.653(nnecessary e)371.721 573.6
R 1.653(xplicit routes when)-.15 F .931
(sending an error message \(as discussed in RFC 1123 \247 5.2.6\).)189 585.6 R
-.15(Fo)5.931 G 3.431(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 585.6 Q
(when sending an error message to)189 597.6 Q(<@kno)229 613.8 Q(wn1,@kno)-.25 E
(wn2,@unkno)-.25 E(wn:user@kno)-.25 E(wn3>)-.25 E F2(sendmail)189 630 Q F1 .46
(will strip of)2.96 F 2.96(ft)-.25 G .46(he \231@kno)284.48 630 R .46
(wn1\232 in order to mak)-.25 F 2.96(et)-.1 G .46(he route as direct as)422.74
630 R 3.429(possible. Ho)189 642 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.729 -.4(r, i).15
H 3.429(ft).4 G(he)284.057 642 Q F0(R)3.429 E F1 .929
(option is set, this will be disabled, and the mail)3.429 F .362
(will be sent to the \214rst address in the route, e)189 654 R -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.862(ni).15 G 2.862(fl)391.452 654 S .362(ater addresses are kno)400.424 654 R
(wn.)-.25 E(This may be useful if you are caught behind a \214re)189 666 Q -.1
(wa)-.25 G(ll.).1 E 68.11(sB)117 682.2 S 2.729(es)195.67 682.2 S(uper)206.729
682.2 Q .229(-safe when running things, i.e., al)-.2 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .229
(ys instantiate the queue \214le, e).1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(n).15 E .739
(if you are going to attempt immediate deli)189 694.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
(.)-.65 E F2(Sendmail)5.739 E F1(al)3.239 E -.1(wa)-.1 G .739(ys instantiates)
.1 F(the queue \214le before returning control the the client under an)189
706.2 Q 2.5(yc)-.15 G(ircumstances.)444.07 706.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-35)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(S)117 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(\214le)A F1(Log statistics in the named)189 96 Q F2(\214le)2.5 E F1(.)A(t)117
112.2 Q F2(S,D)A F1 .798(Set the local time zone name to)189 112.2 R F2(S)3.299
E F1 .799(for standard time and)3.299 F F2(D)3.299 E F1 .799
(for daylight time;)3.299 F(this is only used under v)189 124.2 Q(ersion six.)
-.15 E(T)117 140.4 Q F2(rtime/wtime)A F1 1.604(Set the queue timeout to)189
140.4 R F2(rtime)4.103 E F1 6.603(.A)C 1.603(fter this interv)334.172 140.4 R
1.603(al, messages that ha)-.25 F 1.903 -.15(ve n)-.2 H(ot).15 E 1.251
(been successfully sent will be returned to the sender)189 152.4 R 6.252(.D)
-.55 G(ef)422.724 152.4 Q 1.252(aults to \214v)-.1 F 3.752(ed)-.15 G(ays.)
488.17 152.4 Q .546(The optional)189 164.4 R F2(wtime)3.046 E F1 .546
(is the time after which a w)3.046 F .546(arning message is sent.)-.1 F .546
(If it is)5.546 F(missing or zero then no w)189 176.4 Q
(arning messages are sent.)-.1 E(u)117 192.6 Q F2(n)A F1 .175(Set the def)189
192.6 R .175(ault userid for mailers to)-.1 F F2(n)2.675 E F1 5.175(.M)C .175
(ailers without the)355.28 192.6 R F2(S)2.676 E F1 .176(\215ag in the mailer)
2.676 F(de\214nition will run as this user)189 204.6 Q 5(.D)-.55 G(ef)322.34
204.6 Q(aults to 1.)-.1 E(U)117 220.8 Q F2(udbspec)A F1
(The user database speci\214cation.)189 220.8 Q 67(vR)117 237 S .412(un in v)
195.67 237 R .412(erbose mode.)-.15 F .412(If this is set,)5.412 F F2(sendmail)
2.911 E F1 .411(adjusts options)2.911 F F0(c)2.911 E F1(\(don')2.911 E 2.911
(tc)-.18 G(onnect)477.34 237 Q .427(to e)189 249 R(xpensi)-.15 E .727 -.15
(ve m)-.25 H .427(ailers\) and).15 F F0(d)2.927 E F1(\(deli)2.928 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G .428(ry mode\) so that all mail is deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .428
(red com-).15 F .048
(pletely in a single job so that you can see the entire deli)189 261 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G .048(ry process.).15 F(Option)5.048 E F0(v)2.548 E F1(should)189 273 Q
F2(ne)3.389 E(ver)-.15 E F1 .889
(be set in the con\214guration \214le; it is intended for command line)3.389 F
(use only)189 285 Q(.)-.65 E(V)117 301.2 Q F2(fallbac)A(khost)-.2 E F1 .964
(If speci\214ed, the)189 301.2 R F2(fallbac)3.464 E(khost)-.2 E F1 .964
(acts lik)3.464 F 3.464(eav)-.1 G .964(ery lo)358.608 301.2 R 3.464(wp)-.25 G
.964(riority MX on e)398.056 301.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .963(ry host.).15 F
(This is intended to be used by sites with poor netw)189 313.2 Q(ork connecti)
-.1 E(vity)-.25 E(.)-.65 E(x)117 329.4 Q F2(LA)A F1 .108
(When the system load a)189 329.4 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .108(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15
E F2(LA)2.608 E F1 2.608(,j)C .109(ust queue messages \(i.e., don')367.546
329.4 R 2.609(tt)-.18 G(ry)495.67 329.4 Q(to send them\).)189 341.4 Q(Def)5 E
(aults to 8.)-.1 E(X)117 357.6 Q F2(LA)A F1 1.251(When the system load a)189
357.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.251(rage e).15 F(xceeds)-.15 E F2(LA)3.751 E F1 3.751
(,r)C 1.251(efuse incoming SMTP connec-)376.097 357.6 R 2.5(tions. Def)189
369.6 R(aults to 12.)-.1 E(y)117 385.8 Q F2(fact)A F1 .621(The indicated)189
385.8 R F2(fact)3.121 E F1 .621(or is added to the priority \(thus)B F2
(lowering)3.122 E F1 .622(the priority of the)3.122 F 1.384
(job\) for each recipient, i.e., this v)189 397.8 R 1.383
(alue penalizes jobs with lar)-.25 F 1.383(ge numbers of)-.18 F 2.5
(recipients. Def)189 409.8 R(aults to 30000.)-.1 E 64.78(YI)117 426 S 3.346(fs)
192.33 426 S .846(et, deli)202.896 426 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.346(re).15 G .847
(ach job that is run from the queue in a separate process.)251.118 426 R(Use)
5.847 E .037(this option if you are short of memory)189 438 R 2.536(,s)-.65 G
.036(ince the def)350.024 438 R .036(ault tends to consume con-)-.1 F
(siderable amounts of memory while the queue is being processed.)189 450 Q(z)
117 466.2 Q F2(fact)A F1 1.644(The indicated)189 466.2 R F2(fact)4.144 E F1
1.645(or is multiplied by the message class \(determined by the)B .923
(Precedence: \214eld in the user header and the)189 478.2 R F0(P)3.423 E F1
.923(lines in the con\214guration \214le\))3.423 F .819
(and subtracted from the priority)189 490.2 R 5.819(.T)-.65 G .819
(hus, messages with a higher Priority: will)333.255 490.2 R(be f)189 502.2 Q
-.2(avo)-.1 G 2.5(red. Def).2 F(aults to 1800.)-.1 E(Z)117 518.4 Q F2(fact)A F1
(The)189 518.4 Q F2(fact)3.346 E F1 .846(or is added to the priority e)B -.15
(ve)-.25 G .846(ry time a job is processed.).15 F .845(Thus, each)5.845 F .942
(time a job is processed, its priority will be decreased by the indicated v)189
530.4 R(alue.)-.25 E .297(In most en)189 542.4 R .296
(vironments this should be positi)-.4 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.796(,s).15 G .296
(ince hosts that are do)378.614 542.4 R .296(wn are all)-.25 F(too often do)189
554.4 Q(wn for a long time.)-.25 E(Def)5 E(aults to 90000.)-.1 E 67(7S)117
570.6 S .278(trip input to se)194.56 570.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.778(nb).15 G .278
(its for compatibility with old systems.)275.272 570.6 R .279(This shouldn')
5.279 F 2.779(tb)-.18 G(e)499.56 570.6 Q(necessary)189 582.6 Q(.)-.65 E .78
(All options can be speci\214ed on the command line using the \255o \215ag, b)
117 598.8 R .779(ut most will cause)-.2 F F2(send-)3.279 E(mail)117 610.8 Q F1
.324(to relinquish its setuid permissions.)2.824 F .325
(The options that will not cause this are b, d, e, E, i, L,)5.325 F .217
(m, o, p, r)117 622.8 R 2.717(,s)-.4 G 2.717(,v)162.468 622.8 S 2.717(,C)
172.035 622.8 S 2.717(,a)183.922 622.8 S .217(nd 7.)193.579 622.8 R .216
(Also, M \(de\214ne macro\) when de\214ning the r or s macros is also consid-)
5.216 F(ered \231safe\232.)117 634.8 Q F0 2.5(5.1.7. P)102 658.8 R 2.5<8a70>2.5
G -.18(re)156.17 658.8 S(cedence de\214nitions).18 E F1 -1.11(Va)142 675 S .304
(lues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld may be de\214ned using the)1.11 F F0
(P)2.805 E F1 .305(control line.)2.805 F .305(The syntax of)5.305 F
(this \214eld is:)117 687 Q F0(P)157 703.2 Q F2(name)A F0(=)A F2(num)A F1 1.779
(When the)117 719.4 R F2(name)4.279 E F1 1.779
(is found in a \231Precedence:\232 \214eld, the message class is set to)4.279 F
F2(num)4.278 E F1 6.778(.H)C(igher)483.45 719.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-36 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .81
(numbers mean higher precedence.)117 96 R .81(Numbers less than zero ha)5.81 F
1.11 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .81(he special property that if an).15 F .486(error occur\
s during processing the body of the message will not be returned; this is e)117
108 R .485(xpected to)-.15 F 1.704(be used for \231b)117 120 R 1.705
(ulk\232 mail such as through mailing lists.)-.2 F 1.705(The def)6.705 F 1.705
(ault precedence is zero.)-.1 F -.15(Fo)6.705 G(r).15 E -.15(ex)117 132 S
(ample, our list of precedences is:).15 E(P\214rst-class=0)157 148.2 Q
(Pspecial-deli)157 160.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry=100).15 E(Plist=\25530)157 172.2 Q
(Pb)157 184.2 Q(ulk=\25560)-.2 E(Pjunk=\255100)157 196.2 Q .8
(People writing mailing list e)117 212.4 R .799
(xploders are encouraged to use \231Precedence: list\232.)-.15 F .799(Older v)
5.799 F(ersions)-.15 E(of)117 224.4 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.759 E
F1 1.259(\(which discarded all error returns for ne)3.759 F -.05(ga)-.15 G(ti)
.05 E 1.559 -.15(ve p)-.25 H 1.259(recedences\) didn').15 F 3.76(tr)-.18 G 1.26
(ecognize this)450.25 224.4 R .255(name, gi)117 236.4 R .255(ving it a def)-.25
F .255(ault precedence of zero.)-.1 F .254(This allo)5.254 F .254
(ws list maintainers to see error returns on)-.25 F(both old and ne)117 248.4 Q
2.5(wv)-.25 G(ersions of)193.26 248.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A F0 2.5
(5.1.8. V)102 272.4 R 2.5<8a63>2.5 G(on\214guration v)156.16 272.4 Q(ersion le)
-.1 E -.1(ve)-.15 G(l).1 E F1 2.11 -.8(To p)142 288.6 T(ro).8 E .51
(vide compatibility with old con\214guration \214les, the)-.15 F F0(V)3.01 E F1
.51(line has been added to de\214ne)3.01 F .173(some v)117 300.6 R .173
(ery basic semantics of the con\214guration \214le.)-.15 F .172
(These are not intended to be long term sup-)5.173 F 1.84(ports; rather)117
312.6 R 4.34(,t)-.4 G(he)176.66 312.6 Q 4.34(yd)-.15 G 1.84
(escribe compatibility features which will probably be remo)200.29 312.6 R -.15
(ve)-.15 G 4.34(di).15 G 4.34(nf)470.78 312.6 S(uture)483.45 312.6 Q(releases.)
117 324.6 Q .031(\231Old\232 con\214guration \214les are de\214ned as v)142
340.8 R .031(ersion le)-.15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.531(lo).15 G 2.531(ne. V)359.438
340.8 R .031(ersion le)-1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.53(lt).15 G .23 -.1(wo \214)
433.84 340.8 T .03(les mak).1 F 2.53(et)-.1 G(he)494.56 340.8 Q(follo)117 352.8
Q(wing changes:)-.25 E 12.5(\(1\) Host)122 369 R .757(name canoni\214cation \(\
$[ ... $]\) appends a dot if the name is recognized; this gi)3.256 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G(s).15 E .903(the con\214g \214le a w)148.66 381 R .903
(ay of \214nding out if an)-.1 F .903(ything matched.)-.15 F(\(Actually)5.903 E
3.403(,t)-.65 G .902(his just initializes)432.186 381 R .424
(the \231host\232 map with the \231\255a.)148.66 393 R 5.424<9a8d>-.7 G .424
(ag \212 you can reset it to an)280.014 393 R .424(ything you prefer by declar)
-.15 F(-)-.2 E(ing the map e)148.66 405 Q(xplicitly)-.15 E(.\))-.65 E 12.5
(\(2\) Def)122 421.2 R .436(ault host name e)-.1 F .435
(xtension is consistent throughout processing; v)-.15 F .435(ersion le)-.15 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G 2.935(lo).15 G .435(ne con-)473.855 421.2 R .828
(\214gurations turned of)148.66 433.2 R 3.328(fd)-.25 G .828(omain e)243.384
433.2 R .828(xtension \(that is, adding the local domain name\) during)-.15 F
.597(certain points in processing.)148.66 445.2 R -1.11(Ve)5.597 G .597
(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.097(lt).15 G .797 -.1(wo c)326.822 445.2 T
.597(on\214gurations are e).1 F .596(xpected to include a)-.15 F
(trailing dot to indicate that the name is already canonical.)148.66 457.2 Q
12.5(\(3\) Local)122 473.4 R .176
(names that are not aliases are passed through a ne)2.675 F 2.676(wd)-.25 G
.176(istinguished ruleset \214v)388.892 473.4 R .176(e; this)-.15 F .797
(can be used to append a local relay)148.66 485.4 R 5.797(.T)-.65 G .797
(his beha)307.676 485.4 R .796(viour can be pre)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .796
(nted by resolving the).15 F .62(local name with an initial `@'.)148.66 497.4 R
.621(That is, something that resolv)5.62 F .621(es to a local mailer and a)-.15
F .844(user name of \231vikki\232 will be passed through ruleset \214v)148.66
509.4 R .843(e, b)-.15 F .843(ut a user name of \231@vikki\232)-.2 F .328
(will ha)148.66 521.4 R .628 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .328
(he `@' stripped, will not be passed through ruleset \214v).15 F .328(e, b)-.15
F .328(ut will otherwise be)-.2 F 1.509(treated the same as the prior e)148.66
533.4 R 4.009(xample. The)-.15 F -.15(ex)4.009 G 1.508
(pectation is that this might be used to).15 F .907(implement a polic)148.66
545.4 R 3.407(yw)-.15 G .907(here mail sent to \231vikki\232 w)238.171 545.4 R
.908(as handled by a central hub, b)-.1 F .908(ut mail)-.2 F
(sent to \231vikki@localhost\232 w)148.66 557.4 Q(as deli)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(red directly).15 E(.)-.65 E -1.11(Ve)142 573.6 S .229(rsion le)1.11 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.729(lt).15 G .229(hree \214les allo)199.828 573.6 R 2.729(w#i)-.25 G
.228(nitiated comments on all lines.)274.374 573.6 R .228
(Exceptions are backslash)5.228 F(escaped # marks and the $# syntax.)117 585.6
Q F0 2.5(5.1.9. K)102 609.6 R 2.5<8a6b>2.5 G(ey \214le declaration)157.74 609.6
Q F1(Special maps can be de\214ned using the line:)142 625.8 Q
(Kmapname mapclass ar)157 642 Q(guments)-.18 E(The)117 658.2 Q F2(mapname)3.443
E F1 .944(is the handle by which this map is referenced in the re)3.443 F .944
(writing rules.)-.25 F(The)5.944 E F2(map-)3.444 E(class)117 670.2 Q F1 .301
(is the name of a type of map; these are compiled in to sendmail.)2.801 F(The)
5.3 E F2(ar)2.8 E(guments)-.37 E F1 .3(are inter)2.8 F(-)-.2 E .569
(preted depending on the class; typically)117 682.2 R 3.069(,t)-.65 G .569
(here w)286.134 682.2 R .569(ould be a single ar)-.1 F .57
(gument naming the \214le con-)-.18 F(taining the map.)117 694.2 Q
(Maps are referenced using the syntax:)142 710.4 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-37)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF($\()157 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(map k)2.5 E -.3(ey)-.1 G F1($@)2.8 E F2(ar)2.5 E(guments)-.37 E F1($:)2.5 E
F2(default)2.5 E F1($\))2.5 E .797(where either or both of the)117 112.2 R F2
(ar)3.297 E(guments)-.37 E F1(or)3.297 E F2(default)3.297 E F1 .796
(portion may be omitted.)3.297 F(The)5.796 E F2(ar)3.296 E(guments)-.37 E F1
(may)3.296 E .205(appear more than once.)117 124.2 R .205(The indicated)5.205 F
F2 -.1(ke)2.705 G(y)-.2 E F1(and)2.705 E F2(ar)2.705 E(guments)-.37 E F1 .205
(are passed to the appropriate mapping)2.705 F 2.503(function. If)117 136.2 R
.003(it returns a v)2.503 F .003(alue, it replaces the input.)-.25 F .003
(If it does not return a v)5.003 F .003(alue and the)-.25 F F2(default)2.503 E
F1(is)2.503 E(speci\214ed, the)117 148.2 Q F2(default)2.5 E F1
(replaces the input.)2.5 E(Otherwise, the input is unchanged.)5 E .159
(During replacement of either a map v)142 164.4 R .159(alue or def)-.25 F .159
(ault the string \231%)-.1 F F2(n)A F1 2.66<9a28>C(where)421.82 164.4 Q F2(n)
2.66 E F1 .16(is a digit\) is)2.66 F .204(replaced by the corresponding)117
176.4 R F2(ar)2.704 E(gument)-.37 E F1 5.204(.A)C -.18(rg)294 176.4 S .204
(ument zero is al).18 F -.1(wa)-.1 G .204(ys the database k).1 F -.15(ey)-.1 G
5.203(.F)-.5 G .203(or e)468.127 176.4 R(xam-)-.15 E(ple, the rule)117 188.4 Q
(R$- ! $+)157 204.6 Q($: $\(uucp $1 $@ $2 $: %1 @ %0 . UUCP $\))265 204.6 Q
.436(Looks up the UUCP name in a \(user de\214ned\) UUCP map; if not found it \
turns it into \231.UUCP\232)117 220.8 R 2.5(form. The)117 232.8 R
(database might contain records lik)2.5 E(e:)-.1 E(decv)157 249 Q 77.43
(ax %1@%0.DEC.COM)-.25 F 72.19(research %1@%0.A)157 261 R(TT)-1.11 E(.COM)-.74
E 2.065(The b)142 281.4 R 2.064(uilt in map with both name and class \231host\
\232 is the host name canonicalization)-.2 F 2.5(lookup. Thus,)117 293.4 R
(the syntax:)2.5 E($\(host)157 309.6 Q F2(hostname)2.5 E F1($\))A(is equi)117
325.8 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to:).25 E($[)157 342 Q F2(hostname)A F1($])A 1.783
(There are four prede\214ned database lookup classes: \231dbm\232, \231btree\
\232, \231hash\232, and \231nis\232.)142 362.4 R .569
(The \214rst requires that sendmail be compiled with the)117 374.4 R F0(ndbm)
3.069 E F1 .568(library; the second tw)3.069 F 3.068(or)-.1 G .568(equire the)
463.722 374.4 R F0(db)117 386.4 Q F1(library)3.198 E 3.198(,a)-.65 G .698
(nd the third requires that sendmail be compiled with NIS support.)167.466
386.4 R .698(All four accept)5.698 F(as ar)117 398.4 Q
(guments the some optional \215ags and a \214lename \(or a mapname for NIS\).)
-.18 E(Kno)5 E(wn \215ags are:)-.25 E 58.86(\255o Indicates)117 414.6 R .21
(that this map is optional \212 that is, if it cannot be opened, no error is)
2.71 F(produced, and sendmail will beha)189 426.6 Q .3 -.15(ve a)-.2 H 2.5(si)
.15 G 2.5(ft)348.9 426.6 S(he map e)357.51 426.6 Q(xisted b)-.15 E(ut w)-.2 E
(as empty)-.1 E(.)-.65 E 56.64(\255N Normally)117 442.8 R .515
(when maps are written, the trailing null byte is not included as part)3.015 F
.8(of the k)189 454.8 R -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.8(.I)-.5 G 3.3(ft)241.32 454.8 S .799
(his \215ag is indicated it will be included.)250.73 454.8 R .799
(During lookups, only)5.799 F(the null-byte-included form will be searched.)189
466.8 Q(See also)5 E F0(\255O.)2.5 E F1 56.64(\255O If)117 483 R(neither)4.388
E F0<ad4e>4.388 E F1(or)4.388 E F0<ad4f>4.388 E F1 1.888(are speci\214ed,)4.388
F F2(sendmail)4.388 E F1 1.889(uses an adapti)4.388 F 2.189 -.15(ve a)-.25 H
1.889(lgorithm to).15 F 1.025
(decide whether or not to look for null bytes on the end of k)189 495 R -.15
(ey)-.1 G 3.525(s. It).15 F 1.025(starts by)3.525 F .922
(trying both; if it \214nds an)189 507 R 3.422(yk)-.15 G 1.222 -.15(ey w)304.29
507 T .922(ith a null byte it ne).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.422(rt).15 G .922
(ries ag)422.684 507 R .922(ain without a)-.05 F .124(null byte and vice v)189
519 R 2.623(ersa. If)-.15 F .123(this \215ag is speci\214ed, it ne)2.623 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.623(rt).15 G .123(ries with a null byte;)421.288 519 R .748
(this can speed matches b)189 531 R .748(ut is ne)-.2 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.249
(rn).15 G(ecessary)341.667 531 Q 5.749(.I)-.65 G 3.249(fb)386.466 531 S(oth)
398.045 531 Q F0<ad4e>3.249 E F1(and)3.249 E F0<ad4f>3.249 E F1 .749
(are speci-)3.249 F(\214ed,)189 543 Q F2(sendmail)4.349 E F1 1.849(will ne)
4.349 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.349(rt).15 G 1.849(ry an)300.156 543 R 4.349(ym)-.15 G
1.848(atches at all \212 that is, e)339.254 543 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.848
(rything will).15 F(appear to f)189 555 Q(ail.)-.1 E<ad61>117 571.2 Q F2(x)A F1
.649(Append the character)189 571.2 R F2(x)3.149 E F1 .649
(on successful matches.)3.149 F -.15(Fo)5.649 G 3.149(re).15 G .649
(xample, the def)406.052 571.2 R(ault)-.1 E F2(host)3.15 E F1
(map appends a dot on successful matches.)189 583.2 Q 60.53(\255f F)117 599.4 R
(old upper to lo)-.15 E(wer case before looking up the k)-.25 E -.15(ey)-.1 G
(.)-.5 E 56.08(\255m Match)117 615.6 R .085(only \(without replacing the v)
2.585 F 2.585(alue\). If)-.25 F .085(you only care about the e)2.585 F
(xistence)-.15 E 2.618(of a k)189 627.6 R 2.918 -.15(ey a)-.1 H 2.618
(nd not the v).15 F 2.619(alue \(as you might when searching the NIS map)-.25 F
.447(\231hosts.byname\232 for e)189 639.6 R .447(xample\), this \215ag pre)-.15
F -.15(ve)-.25 G .447(nts the map from substituting the).15 F -.25(va)189 651.6
S 4.935(lue. Ho).25 F(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.235 -.4(r, T).15 H 2.436
(he \255a ar).4 F 2.436(gument is still appended on a match, and the)-.18 F
(def)189 663.6 Q(ault is still tak)-.1 E(en if the match f)-.1 E(ails.)-.1 E
(The)142 679.8 Q F2(dbm)3.874 E F1 1.374
(map appends the strings \231.pag\232 and \231.dir\232 to the gi)3.874 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G 3.874<6e8c>.15 G 1.374(lename; the tw)420.268 679.8 R(o)-.1 E F2(db)
3.874 E F1(-)A(based maps append \231.db\232.)117 691.8 Q .022(The program)142
708 R F2(mak)2.522 E(emap)-.1 E F1 .023(\(8\) can be used to b)B .023(uild an)
-.2 F 2.523(yo)-.15 G 2.523(ft)353.095 708 S .023
(he three database-oriented maps.)361.728 708 R(It)5.023 E(tak)117 720 Q
(es the follo)-.1 E(wing \215ags:)-.25 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-38 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 60.53(\255f Do)
117 96 R(not fold upper to lo)2.5 E(wer case in the map.)-.25 E 56.64
(\255N Include)117 112.2 R(null bytes in k)2.5 E -.15(ey)-.1 G(s.).15 E 58.86
(\255o Append)117 128.4 R(to an e)2.5 E(xisting \(old\) \214le.)-.15 E 60.53
(\255r Allo)117 144.6 R 3.479(wr)-.25 G .979(eplacement of e)220.559 144.6 R
.979(xisting k)-.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G .979(s; normally).15 F 3.479(,r)-.65 G .979
(e-inserting an e)385.494 144.6 R .979(xisting k)-.15 F 1.279 -.15(ey i)-.1 H
(s).15 E(an error)189 156.6 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255v Print)117 172.8 R
(what is happening.)2.5 E(There are also tw)142 189 Q 2.5(ob)-.1 G
(uiltin maps that are, strictly speaking, not database lookups.)223.34 189 Q
1.563(The \231host\232 map does host domain canoni\214cation; gi)142 205.2 R
-.15(ve)-.25 G 4.063(nah).15 G 1.563(ost name it calls the name)392.585 205.2 R
(serv)117 217.2 Q(er to \214nd the canonical name for that host.)-.15 E .106
(The \231dequote\232 map strips double quotes \("\) from a name.)142 233.4 R
.106(It does not strip backslashes.)5.106 F(It)5.106 E 1.838
(will not strip quotes if the resulting string w)117 245.4 R 1.838
(ould contain unscannable syntax \(that is, basic)-.1 F .601(errors lik)117
257.4 R 3.101(eu)-.1 G .601(nbalanced angle brack)166.422 257.4 R .601
(ets; more sophisticated errors such as unkno)-.1 F .6(wn hosts are not)-.25 F
(check)117 269.4 Q 3.398(ed\). The)-.1 F .899
(intent is for use when trying to accept mail from systems such as DECnet that)
3.398 F(routinely quote odd syntax such as)117 281.4 Q("49ers::ubell")157 297.6
Q 2.5(At)117 313.8 S(ypical usage is probably something lik)129.5 313.8 Q(e:)
-.1 E(Kdequote dequote)157 330 Q(...)157 354 Q 88.19(R$\255 $:)157 378 R
($\(dequote $1 $\))2.5 E(R$\255 $+)157 390 Q($: $>3 $1 $2)265 390 Q
(Care must be tak)117 406.2 Q(en to pre)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(nt une).15 E
(xpected results; for e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E("|someprogram < input > output")
157 422.4 Q .084(will ha)117 438.6 R .384 -.15(ve q)-.2 H .083
(uotes stripped, b).15 F .083
(ut the result is probably not what you had in mind.)-.2 F -.15(Fo)5.083 G .083
(rtunately these).15 F(cases are rare.)117 450.6 Q(Ne)142 466.8 Q 2.5(wc)-.25 G
(lasses can be added in the routine)167.57 466.8 Q F0(setupmaps)2.5 E F1
(in \214le)2.5 E F0(conf)2.5 E(.c)-.15 E F1(.)A F0 2.5(5.2. Building)87 490.8 R
2.5(aC)2.5 G(on\214guration File Fr)160.91 490.8 Q(om Scratch)-.18 E F1 1.517
(Building a con\214guration table from scratch is an e)127 507 R 1.518
(xtremely dif)-.15 F 1.518(\214cult job)-.25 F 6.518(.F)-.4 G(ortunately)
441.334 507 Q 4.018(,i)-.65 G 4.018(ti)490.532 507 S(s)500.11 507 Q 1.855
(almost ne)102 519 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 4.355(rn).15 G 1.855
(ecessary to do so; nearly e)164.19 519 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.855
(ry situation that may come up may be resolv).15 F 1.855(ed by)-.15 F .416
(changing an e)102 531 R .416(xisting table.)-.15 F .416(In an)5.416 F 2.916
(yc)-.15 G .416
(ase, it is critical that you understand what it is that you are try-)248.616
531 R 1.151(ing to do and come up with a philosoph)102 543 R 3.651(yf)-.05 G
1.151(or the con\214guration table.)281.472 543 R 1.151
(This section is intended to)6.151 F -.15(ex)102 555 S .67
(plain what the real purpose of a con\214guration table is and to gi).15 F .97
-.15(ve y)-.25 H .67(ou some ideas for what your).15 F(philosoph)102 567 Q 2.5
(ym)-.05 G(ight be.)156.68 567 Q F0 1.32(Do not e)127 583.2 R -.1(ve)-.15 G
3.82(nc).1 G(onsider)188.2 583.2 Q F1 1.32(writing your o)3.82 F 1.32
(wn con\214guration \214le without carefully studying RFC)-.25 F
(821, 822, and 1123.)102 595.2 Q -1.1(Yo)5 G 2.5(us)1.1 G
(hould also read RFC 976 if you are doing UUCP e)208.95 595.2 Q(xchange.)-.15 E
F0 2.5(5.2.1. What)102 619.2 R -.25(yo)2.5 G 2.5(ua).25 G .36 -.18(re t)178.7
619.2 T(rying to do).18 E F1 .82
(The con\214guration table has three major purposes.)142 635.4 R .821
(The \214rst and simplest is to set up the)5.821 F(en)117 647.4 Q .35
(vironment for)-.4 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.85 E F1 5.35(.T)C .35
(his in)234.58 647.4 R -.2(vo)-.4 G(lv).2 E .35
(es setting the options, de\214ning a fe)-.15 F 2.85(wc)-.25 G .35
(ritical macros, etc.)429.43 647.4 R(Since these are described in other places\
, we will not go into more detail here.)117 659.4 Q .283
(The second purpose is to re)142 675.6 R .284(write addresses in the message.)
-.25 F .284(This should typically be done)5.284 F .214(in tw)117 687.6 R 2.714
(op)-.1 G 2.713(hases. The)150.108 687.6 R .213
(\214rst phase maps addresses in an)2.713 F 2.713(yf)-.15 G .213
(ormat into a canonical form.)337.182 687.6 R .213(This should)5.213 F .156
(be done in ruleset three.)117 699.6 R .157
(The second phase maps this canonical form into the syntax appropriate)5.156 F
1.998(for the recei)117 711.6 R 1.997(ving mailer)-.25 F(.)-.55 E F2(Sendmail)
6.997 E F1 1.997(does this in three subphases.)4.497 F 1.997
(Rulesets one and tw)6.997 F 4.497(oa)-.1 G(re)496.23 711.6 Q .043
(applied to all sender and recipient addresses respecti)117 723.6 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.043(.A)-.65 G .043(fter this, you may specify per)357.904
723.6 R(-mailer)-.2 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-39)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.723
(rulesets for both sender and recipient addresses; this allo)117 96 R 2.723
(ws mailer)-.25 F 2.723(-speci\214c customization.)-.2 F(Finally)117 108 Q 2.5
(,r)-.65 G(uleset four is applied to do an)153.02 108 Q 2.5(yd)-.15 G(ef)283.69
108 Q(ault con)-.1 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(rsion to e).15 E(xternal form.)-.15 E .785(\
The third purpose is to map addresses into the actual set of instructions nece\
ssary to get)142 124.2 R .154(the message deli)117 136.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.654
(red. Ruleset).15 F .154(zero must resolv)2.654 F 2.654(et)-.15 G 2.654(ot)
321.658 136.2 S .153(he internal form, which is in turn used as a)332.092 136.2
R .446(pointer to a mailer descriptor)117 148.2 R 5.446(.T)-.55 G .446
(he mailer descriptor describes the interf)248.38 148.2 R .447
(ace requirements of the)-.1 F(mailer)117 160.2 Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(5.2.2. Philosoph)102 184.2 R(y)-.15 E F1 1.481(The particular philosoph)142
200.4 R 3.981(yy)-.05 G 1.481(ou choose will depend hea)257.213 200.4 R 1.481
(vily on the size and structure of)-.2 F .55(your or)117 212.4 R -.05(ga)-.18 G
3.05(nization. I).05 F .55(will present a fe)3.05 F 3.05(wp)-.25 G .55
(ossible philosophies here.)283.39 212.4 R .55(There are as man)5.55 F 3.05(yp)
-.15 G(hiloso-)476.22 212.4 Q
(phies as there are con\214g designers; feel free to de)117 224.4 Q -.15(ve)
-.25 G(lop your o).15 E(wn.)-.25 E .388
(One general point applies to all of these philosophies: it is almost al)142
240.6 R -.1(wa)-.1 G .388(ys a mistak).1 F 2.888(et)-.1 G 2.888(ot)485.002
240.6 S(ry)495.67 240.6 Q .176(to do full host route resolution.)117 252.6 R
-.15(Fo)5.176 G 2.676(re).15 G .176
(xample, if you are on a UUCP-only site and you are trying)267.652 252.6 R
1.223(to get names of the form \231user@host\232 to the Internet, it does not \
pay to route them to \231xyz-)117 264.6 R -.25(va)117 276.6 S(x!decv).25 E
(ax!ucb)-.25 E -.25(va)-.15 G .304
(x!c70!user@host\232 since you then depend on se).25 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .305
(ral links not under your con-).15 F .996(trol, some of which are lik)117 288.6
R .996(ely to misparse it an)-.1 F(yw)-.15 E(ay)-.1 E 5.996(.T)-.65 G .996
(he best approach to this problem is to)347.32 288.6 R 1.048(simply forw)117
300.6 R 1.048(ard the message for \231user@host\232 to \231xyzv)-.1 F 1.049
(ax\232 and let xyzv)-.25 F 1.049(ax w)-.25 F 1.049(orry about it from)-.1 F
3.606(there. In)117 312.6 R(summary)3.606 E 3.606(,j)-.65 G 1.106
(ust get the message closer to the destination, rather than determining the)
202.988 312.6 R(full path.)117 324.6 Q F0 2.5(5.2.2.1. Lar)117 348.6 R
(ge site, many hosts \212 minimum inf)-.1 E(ormation)-.25 E F1(Berk)157 364.8 Q
(ele)-.1 E 3.018(yi)-.15 G 3.018(sa)198.648 364.8 S 3.018(ne)209.996 364.8 S
.518(xample of a lar)222.304 364.8 R .518(ge site, i.e., more than tw)-.18 F
3.018(oo)-.1 G 3.018(rt)400.266 364.8 S .519(hree hosts and multiple)409.394
364.8 R .444(mail connections.)132 376.8 R 2.044 -.8(We h)5.444 H -2.25 -.2
(av e).8 H .443(decided that the only reasonable philosoph)3.144 F 2.943(yi)
-.05 G 2.943(no)429.634 376.8 S .443(ur en)442.577 376.8 R(vironment)-.4 E .312
(is to designate one host as the guru for our site.)132 388.8 R .312
(It must be able to resolv)5.312 F 2.812(ea)-.15 G .612 -.15(ny p)438.504 388.8
T .312(iece of mail).15 F 1.083(it recei)132 400.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.583
(s. The).15 F 1.083(other sites should ha)3.583 F 1.383 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 1.083
(he minimum amount of information the).15 F 3.582(yc)-.15 G 1.082(an get)
478.758 400.8 R -2.3 -.15(aw a)132 412.8 T 2.635(yw).15 G 2.635(ith. In)162.705
412.8 R .135(addition, an)2.635 F 2.635(yi)-.15 G .135(nformation the)249.485
412.8 R 2.635(yd)-.15 G 2.635(oh)321.265 412.8 S -2.25 -.2(av e)333.9 412.8 T
.136(should be hints rather than solid infor)2.835 F(-)-.2 E(mation.)132 424.8
Q -.15(Fo)157 441 S 6.71(re).15 G 4.209
(xample, a typical site on our local ether netw)181.74 441 R 4.209
(ork is \231monet\232 \(actually)-.1 F(\231monet.CS.Berk)132 453 Q(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G 3.887(EDU\232\). When).65 F 1.387(monet recei)3.887 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.887(sm).15 G 1.387(ail for deli)354.258 453 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
3.887(,i)-.65 G 3.887(tc)424.579 453 S 1.387(hecks whether it)435.686 453 R
(kno)132 465 Q 1.342(ws that the destination host is directly reachable; if so\
, mail is sent to that host.)-.25 F 1.342(If it)6.342 F(recei)132 477 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.915(sm).15 G .415(ail for an)175.055 477 R 2.915(yu)-.15 G(nkno)
224.75 477 Q .415(wn host, it just passes it directly to \231ucb)-.25 F -.25
(va)-.15 G(x.CS.Berk).25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E .178
(our master host.)132 489 R(Ucb)5.178 E -.25(va)-.15 G 2.678(xm).25 G .177
(ay determine that the host name is ille)242.852 489 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 2.677(la)
.05 G .177(nd reject the message,)415.159 489 R .754(or may be able to do deli)
132 501 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 5.754(.H)-.65 G -.25(ow)268.146 501 S -2.15
-.25(ev e).25 H 1.554 -.4(r, i).25 H 3.254(ti).4 G 3.254(si)313.874 501 S .754
(mportant to note that when a ne)323.798 501 R 3.254(wm)-.25 G .754(ail con-)
472.976 501 R .164(nection is added, the only host that)132 513 R/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(must)2.664 E F1(ha)2.664 E .464 -.15(ve i)-.2 H .164
(ts tables updated is ucb).15 F -.25(va)-.15 G .164(x; the others).25 F F2(may)
2.664 E F1(be)2.664 E(updated if con)132 525 Q -.15(ve)-.4 G(nient, b).15 E
(ut this is not critical.)-.2 E 2.121
(This picture is slightly muddied due to netw)157 541.2 R 2.122
(ork connections that are not actually)-.1 F 2.362(located on ucb)132 553.2 R
-.25(va)-.15 G 4.862(x. F).25 F 2.362(or e)-.15 F 2.362
(xample, some UUCP connections are currently on \231ucbarpa.)-.15 F<9a>-.7 E
(Ho)132 565.2 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.044 -.4(r, m).15 H(onet).4 E F2 .244
(does not)2.744 F F1(kno)2.744 E 2.744(wa)-.25 G .245
(bout this; the information is hidden totally between ucb)266.34 565.2 R -.25
(va)-.15 G(x).25 E 1.045(and ucbarpa.)132 577.2 R 1.045
(Mail going from monet to a UUCP host is transferred via the ethernet from)
6.045 F 1.43(monet to ucb)132 589.2 R -.25(va)-.15 G 1.43
(x, then via the ethernet from ucb).25 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.931(xt).25 G 3.931
(ou)355.704 589.2 S 1.431(cbarpa, and then is submitted to)369.635 589.2 R
(UUCP)132 601.2 Q 5(.A)-1.11 G(lthough this in)172.28 601.2 Q -.2(vo)-.4 G(lv)
.2 E(es some e)-.15 E(xtra hops, we feel this is an acceptable tradeof)-.15 E
(f.)-.25 E .826(An interesting point is that it w)157 617.4 R .826
(ould be possible to update monet to send appropriate)-.1 F .127
(UUCP mail directly to ucbarpa if the load got too high; if monet f)132 629.4 R
.127(ailed to note a host as con-)-.1 F .353(nected to ucbarpa it w)132 641.4 R
.353(ould go via ucb)-.1 F -.25(va)-.15 G 2.853(xa).25 G 2.852(sb)305.954 641.4
S .352(efore, and if monet incorrectly sent a message)317.696 641.4 R .395
(to ucbarpa it w)132 653.4 R .396(ould still be sent by ucbarpa to ucb)-.1 F
-.25(va)-.15 G 2.896(xa).25 G 2.896(sb)356.654 653.4 S 2.896(efore. The)368.44
653.4 R .396(only problem that can)2.896 F .901(occur is loops, for e)132 665.4
R .901(xample, if ucbarpa thought that ucb)-.15 F -.25(va)-.15 G 3.401(xh).25 G
.9(ad the UUCP connection and)383.75 665.4 R(vice v)132 677.4 Q 2.5(ersa. F)
-.15 F(or this reason, updates should)-.15 E F2(always)2.5 E F1
(happen to the master host \214rst.)2.5 E .144(This philosoph)157 693.6 R 2.644
(yr)-.05 G .145(esults as much from the need to ha)227.798 693.6 R .445 -.15
(ve a s)-.2 H .145(ingle source for the con\214gu-).15 F .289
(ration \214les \(typically b)132 705.6 R .289(uilt using)-.2 F F2(m4)2.789 E
F1 .289(\(1\) or some similar tool\) as an)1.666 F 2.789(yl)-.15 G .288
(ogical need.)410.664 705.6 R(Maintain-)5.288 E
(ing more than three separate tables by hand is essentially an impossible job)
132 717.6 Q(.)-.4 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-40 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.2.2.2. Small)117 96 R
(site \212 complete inf)2.5 E(ormation)-.25 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 3.356(As)
157 112.2 S .856(mall site \(tw)171.466 112.2 R 3.356(oo)-.1 G 3.356(rt)236.434
112.2 S .856(hree hosts and fe)245.9 112.2 R 3.356(we)-.25 G .856
(xternal connections\) may \214nd it more rea-)330.564 112.2 R .435
(sonable to ha)132 124.2 R .735 -.15(ve c)-.2 H .435
(omplete information at each host.).15 F .435(This w)5.435 F .435
(ould require that each host kno)-.1 F(w)-.25 E -.15(ex)132 136.2 S .185
(actly where each netw).15 F .185
(ork connection is, possibly including the names of each host on that)-.1 F
(netw)132 148.2 Q 4.341(ork. As)-.1 F 1.841
(long as the site remains small and the the con\214guration remains relati)
4.341 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
(static, the update problem will probably not be too great.)132 160.2 Q F0 2.5
(5.2.2.3. Single)117 184.2 R(host)2.5 E F1 .117(This is in some sense the tri)
157 200.4 R .117(vial case.)-.25 F .117
(The only major issue is trying to insure that you)5.117 F(don')132 212.4 Q
3.425(th)-.18 G -2.25 -.2(av e)161.355 212.4 T .925(to kno)3.625 F 3.425(wt)
-.25 G .925(oo much about your en)217.69 212.4 R 3.425(vironment. F)-.4 F .925
(or e)-.15 F .924(xample, if you ha)-.15 F 1.224 -.15(ve a U)-.2 H(UCP).15 E
.614(connection you might \214nd it useful to kno)132 224.4 R 3.115(wa)-.25 G
.615(bout the names of hosts connected directly to)318.885 224.4 R(you, b)132
236.4 Q
(ut this is really not necessary since this may be determined from the syntax.)
-.2 E F0 2.5(5.2.2.4. A)117 260.4 R(completely differ)2.5 E(ent philosoph)-.18
E(y)-.15 E F1(This is adapted from Bruce Lilly)157 276.6 Q 5(.A)-.65 G .3 -.15
(ny e)301.89 276.6 T(rrors in interpretation are mine.).15 E .065
(Do minimal changes in ruleset 3: \214x some common b)157 292.8 R .064
(ut unambiguous errors \(e.g. trail-)-.2 F 2.758
(ing dot on domains\) and hide bang paths foo!bar into bar@foo.UUCP)132 304.8 R
7.759(.T)-1.11 G 2.759(he resulting)454.301 304.8 R("canonical" form is an)132
316.8 Q 2.5(yv)-.15 G(alid RFC822/RFC1123/RFC976 address.)233.63 316.8 Q 1.388
(Ruleset 0 does the b)157 333 R 1.387(ulk of the w)-.2 F 3.887(ork. It)-.1 F
(remo)3.887 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.887(st).15 G 1.387
(he trailing "@.UUCP" that hides)367.472 333 R .66(bang paths, strips an)132
345 R .661(ything not needed to resolv)-.15 F .661
(e, e.g. the phrase from phrase <route-addr>)-.15 F .497
(and from named groups, rejects unparseable addresses using $#error)132 357 R
2.996(,a)-.4 G .496(nd \214nally resolv)419.052 357 R .496(es to)-.15 F 4.324
(am)132 369 S 1.824(ailer/host/user triple.)148.544 369 R 1.824
(Ruleset 0 is rather length)6.824 F 4.325(ya)-.05 G 4.325(si)360.965 369 S
4.325(th)371.96 369 S 1.825(as to handle 3 basic address)384.065 369 R 5.373
(forms: RFC976 bang paths, RFC1123 %-hacks \(including v)132 381 R 5.373
(anilla RFC822 local-)-.25 F .136(part@domain\), and RFC822 source routes.)132
393 R(It')5.137 E 2.637(sa)-.55 G .137(lso complicated by ha)329.508 393 R .137
(ving to handle named)-.2 F(lists.)132 405 Q .617(The header re)157 421.2 R
.616(writing rulesets 1 and 2 remo)-.25 F .916 -.15(ve t)-.15 H .616
(he trailing "@.UUCP" that hides bang).15 F 2.5(paths. Ruleset)132 433.2 R 2.5
(2a)2.5 G(lso strips the $# mailer $@ host \(for test mode\).)205.05 433.2 Q
(Ruleset 4 does absolutely nothing.)157 449.4 Q 1.316(The per)157 465.6 R 1.316
(-mailer re)-.2 F 1.316(writing rulesets conform the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
1.317(lope and header addresses to the).15 F
(requirements of the speci\214c mailer)132 477.6 Q(.)-.55 E
(Lots of rulesets-as-subroutines are used.)157 493.8 Q .35(As a result, header\
 addresses are subject to minimal munging \(per RFC1123\), and the)157 510 R
(general plan is per RFC822 sect. 3.4.10.)132 522 Q F0 2.5(5.2.3. Rele)102 546
R -.1(va)-.15 G(nt issues).1 E F1 .584(The canonical form you use should almos\
t certainly be as speci\214ed in the Internet proto-)142 562.2 R 2.604
(cols RFC819 and RFC822.)117 574.2 R 2.604(Copies of these RFC')7.604 F 5.104
(sa)-.55 G 2.603(re included on the)347.852 574.2 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF
(sendmail)5.103 E F1 2.603(tape as)5.103 F F2(doc/rfc819.lpr)117 586.2 Q F1
(and)2.5 E F2(doc/rfc822.lpr)2.5 E F1(.)A 2.04
(RFC822 describes the format of the mail message itself.)142 602.4 R F2
(Sendmail)7.04 E F1(follo)4.54 E 2.04(ws this RFC)-.25 F(closely)117 614.4 Q
2.984(,t)-.65 G 2.984(ot)152.944 614.4 S .483(he e)163.708 614.4 R .483
(xtent that man)-.15 F 2.983(yo)-.15 G 2.983(ft)251.44 614.4 S .483
(he standards described in this document can not be changed)260.533 614.4 R
(without changing the code.)117 626.4 Q(In particular)5 E 2.5(,t)-.4 G
(he follo)286.85 626.4 Q(wing characters ha)-.25 E .3 -.15(ve s)-.2 H
(pecial interpretations:).15 E 2.5(<>\(\)"\\)157 642.6 S(An)117 658.8 Q 3.036
(ya)-.15 G .537(ttempt to use these characters for other than their RFC822 pur\
pose in addresses is proba-)141.546 658.8 R(bly doomed to disaster)117 670.8 Q
(.)-.55 E 1.327
(RFC819 describes the speci\214cs of the domain-based addressing.)142 687 R
1.326(This is touched on in)6.327 F 1.439(RFC822 as well.)117 699 R 1.439
(Essentially each host is gi)6.439 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.939(nan).15 G 1.44
(ame which is a right-to-left dot quali\214ed)333.711 699 R .232
(pseudo-path from a distinguished root.)117 711 R .232
(The elements of the path need not be ph)5.232 F .232(ysical hosts; the)-.05 F
2.365(domain is logical rather than ph)117 723 R 4.866(ysical. F)-.05 F 2.366
(or e)-.15 F 2.366(xample, at Berk)-.15 F(ele)-.1 E 4.866(yo)-.15 G 2.366
(ne le)406.406 723 R -.05(ga)-.15 G 4.866(lh).05 G 2.366(ost might be)449.818
723 R EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-41)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(\231a.CC.Berk)117 96 Q(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G .366
(EDU\232; reading from right to left, \231EDU\232 is a top le).65 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.865(ld).15 G .365(omain comprising edu-)410.5 96 R .561
(cational institutions, \231Berk)117 108 R(ele)-.1 E .562
(y\232 is a logical domain name, \231CC\232 represents the Computer Cen-)-.15 F
(ter)117 120 Q 2.5(,\()-.4 G(in this case a strictly logical entity\), and \
\231a\232 is a host in the Computer Center)135.48 120 Q(.)-.55 E(Be)142 136.2 Q
-.1(wa)-.25 G(re when reading RFC819 that there are a number of errors in it.)
.1 E F0 2.5(5.2.4. Ho)102 160.2 R 2.5(wt)-.1 G 2.5(op)155.23 160.2 S -.18(ro)
168.29 160.2 S(ceed).18 E F1 .335(Once you ha)142 176.4 R .635 -.15(ve d)-.2 H
.335(ecided on a philosoph).15 F 1.635 -.65(y, i)-.05 H 2.835(ti).65 G 2.834
(sw)319.44 176.4 S .334(orth e)333.284 176.4 R .334(xamining the a)-.15 F -.25
(va)-.2 G .334(ilable con\214guration).25 F .174(tables to decide if an)117
188.4 R 2.674(yo)-.15 G 2.674(ft)212.98 188.4 S .174
(hem are close enough to steal major parts of.)221.764 188.4 R(Ev)5.174 E .175
(en under the w)-.15 F .175(orst of)-.1 F(conditions, there is a f)117 200.4 Q
(air amount of boiler plate that can be collected safely)-.1 E(.)-.65 E .33
(The ne)142 216.6 R .33(xt step is to b)-.15 F .33(uild ruleset three.)-.2 F
.329(This will be the hardest part of the job)5.33 F 5.329(.B)-.4 G -2.1 -.25
(ew a)469.321 216.6 T .329(re of).25 F .781
(doing too much to the address in this ruleset, since an)117 228.6 R .781
(ything you do will re\215ect through to the)-.15 F 2.744(message. In)117 240.6
R(particular)2.744 E 2.744(,s)-.4 G .243
(tripping of local domains is best deferred, since this can lea)216.752 240.6 R
.543 -.15(ve y)-.2 H .243(ou with).15 F 1.234
(addresses with no domain spec at all.)117 252.6 R(Since)6.235 E/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.735 E F1(lik)3.735 E 1.235
(es to append the sending domain to)-.1 F .83
(addresses with no domain, this can change the semantics of addresses.)117
264.6 R .83(Also try to a)5.83 F -.2(vo)-.2 G .83(id fully).2 F .342
(qualifying domains in this ruleset.)117 276.6 R .342(Although technically le)
5.342 F -.05(ga)-.15 G .343(l, this can lead to unpleasantly and).05 F 1.287
(unnecessarily long addresses re\215ected into messages.)117 288.6 R 1.287
(The Berk)6.287 F(ele)-.1 E 3.787(yc)-.15 G 1.287
(on\214guration \214les de\214ne)406.426 288.6 R .093
(ruleset nine to qualify domain names and strip local domains.)117 300.6 R .093
(This is called from ruleset zero to)5.093 F
(get all addresses into a cleaner form.)117 312.6 Q .318(Once you ha)142 328.8
R .618 -.15(ve r)-.2 H .318
(uleset three \214nished, the other rulesets should be relati).15 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G .318(ly tri).15 F 2.817(vial. If)-.25 F(you)2.817 E(need hints, e)117
340.8 Q(xamine the supplied con\214guration tables.)-.15 E F0 2.5(5.2.5. T)102
364.8 R(esting the r)-.92 E(ewriting rules \212 the \255bt \215ag)-.18 E F1
1.075(When you b)142 381 R 1.075(uild a con\214guration table, you can do a ce\
rtain amount of testing using the)-.2 F(\231test mode\232 of)117 393 Q F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1 5(.F)C(or e)226.84 393 Q(xample, you could in)-.15 E -.2(vo)
-.4 G -.1(ke).2 G F2(sendmail)2.6 E F1(as:)2.5 E(sendmail \255bt \255Ctest.cf)
157 409.2 Q .904(which w)117 425.4 R .903
(ould read the con\214guration \214le \231test.cf\232 and enter test mode.)-.1
F .903(In this mode, you enter)5.903 F(lines of the form:)117 437.4 Q
(rwset address)157 453.6 Q(where)117 469.8 Q F2(rwset)3.376 E F1 .876
(is the re)3.376 F .876(writing set you w)-.25 F .876(ant to use and)-.1 F F2
(addr)3.376 E(ess)-.37 E F1 .877(is an address to apply the set to.)3.376 F -.7
(Te)117 481.8 S .17(st mode sho).7 F .17(ws you the steps it tak)-.25 F .169
(es as it proceeds, \214nally sho)-.1 F .169(wing you the address it ends up)
-.25 F 3.635(with. Y)117 493.8 R 1.135(ou may use a comma separated list of rw\
sets for sequential application of rules to an)-1.1 F 2.5(input. F)117 505.8 R
(or e)-.15 E(xample:)-.15 E(3,1,21,4 monet:bollard)157 522 Q .386
(\214rst applies ruleset three to the input \231monet:bollard.)117 538.2 R
5.385<9a52>-.7 G .385(uleset one is then applied to the output)347.145 538.2 R
(of ruleset three, follo)117 550.2 Q
(wed similarly by rulesets twenty-one and four)-.25 E(.)-.55 E .202(If you nee\
d more detail, you can also use the \231\255d21\232 \215ag to turn on more deb)
142 566.4 R 2.702(ugging. F)-.2 F(or)-.15 E -.15(ex)117 578.4 S(ample,).15 E
(sendmail \255bt \255d21.99)157 594.6 Q .754
(turns on an incredible amount of information; a single w)117 610.8 R .753
(ord address is probably going to print)-.1 F(out se)117 622.8 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral pages w).15 E(orth of information.)-.1 E -1.1(Yo)142 639 S 3.075(us)1.1 G
.575(hould be w)165.085 639 R .575(arned that internally)-.1 F(,)-.65 E F0
(sendmail)3.075 E F1 .575(applies ruleset 3 to all addresses.)3.075 F .575
(In this)5.575 F -.15(ve)117 651 S 1.23(rsion of sendmail, you will ha).15 F
1.53 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 3.73(od).15 G 3.73(ot)281.21 651 S 1.23(hat manually)
292.72 651 R 6.23(.F)-.65 G 1.23(or e)359.38 651 R 1.23(xample, older v)-.15 F
1.23(ersions allo)-.15 F(wed)-.25 E(you to use)117 663 Q 2.5(0b)157 679.2 S
(ruce@broadcast.son)169.5 679.2 Q -.65(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E(This v)117 695.4 Q
(ersion requires that you use:)-.15 E(3,0 bruce@broadcast.son)157 711.6 Q -.65
(y.)-.15 G(com).65 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-42 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(5.2.6. Building)102 96 R
(mailer descriptions)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.886 -.8(To a)142 112.2 T
.287(dd an outgoing mailer to your mail system, you will ha).8 F .587 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H 2.787(od).15 G .287(e\214ne the characteristics)409.566 112.2 R
(of the mailer)117 124.2 Q(.)-.55 E 1.481(Each mailer must ha)142 140.4 R 1.781
-.15(ve a)-.2 H 3.981(ni).15 G 1.481(nternal name.)257.645 140.4 R 1.481
(This can be arbitrary)6.481 F 3.98(,e)-.65 G 1.48(xcept that the names)417.63
140.4 R(\231local\232 and \231prog\232 must be de\214ned.)117 152.4 Q .127
(The pathname of the mailer must be gi)142 168.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.628(ni).15
G 2.628(nt)317.038 168.6 S .128(he P \214eld.)327.446 168.6 R .128
(If this mailer should be accessed)5.128 F
(via an IPC connection, use the string \231[IPC]\232 instead.)117 180.6 Q .021
(The F \214eld de\214nes the mailer \215ags.)142 196.8 R -1.1(Yo)5.021 G 2.521
(us)1.1 G .021(hould specify an \231f\232 or \231r\232 \215ag to pass the name)
311.06 196.8 R .465(of the sender as a)117 208.8 R F0<ad66>2.965 E F1(or)2.965
E F0<ad72>2.965 E F1 .465(\215ag respecti)2.965 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E 5.465
(.T)-.65 G .465(hese \215ags are only passed if the)306.95 208.8 R 2.966(yw)
-.15 G .466(ere passed to)451.418 208.8 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail,)117
220.8 Q F1 1.705(so that mailers that gi)4.205 F 2.005 -.15(ve e)-.25 H 1.705
(rrors under some circumstances can be placated.).15 F 1.705(If the)6.705 F
1.362(mailer is not pick)117 232.8 R 3.862(yy)-.15 G 1.362
(ou can just specify \231\255f $g\232 in the ar)204.518 232.8 R 1.362
(gv template.)-.18 F 1.363(If the mailer must be)6.362 F 1.708(called as)117
244.8 R F0 -.18(ro)4.207 G(ot).18 E F1 1.707(the \231S\232 \215ag should be gi)
4.207 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.707
(n; this will not reset the userid before calling the).15 F(mailer)117 258.8 Q
/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)142.55 254.8 Q F1 5.112(.I)149.55 258.8 S 2.612(ft)
160.492 258.8 S .112(his mailer is local \(i.e., will perform \214nal deli)
169.214 258.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G .112(ry rather than another netw).15 F .112
(ork hop\))-.1 F .728(the \231l\232 \215ag should be gi)117 270.8 R -.15(ve)
-.25 G 3.227(n. Quote).15 F .727
(characters \(backslashes and " marks\) can be stripped from)3.227 F .268
(addresses if the \231s\232 \215ag is speci\214ed; if this is not gi)117 282.8
R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.769(nt).15 G(he)344.247 282.8 Q 2.769(ya)-.15 G .269
(re passed through.)365.746 282.8 R .269(If the mailer is)5.269 F .67(capable \
of sending to more than one user on the same host in a single transaction the \
\231m\232 \215ag)117 294.8 R 1.176(should be stated.)117 306.8 R 1.176
(If this \215ag is on, then the ar)6.176 F 1.177(gv template containing)-.18 F
F0($u)3.677 E F1 1.177(will be repeated for)3.677 F .089
(each unique user on a gi)117 318.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.589(nh).15 G 2.589
(ost. The)235.994 318.8 R .089
(\231e\232 \215ag will mark the mailer as being \231e)2.589 F(xpensi)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G 1.488 -.7(,\232 w).15 H(hich).7 E(will cause)117 332.8 Q F2
(sendmail)2.5 E F1(to defer connection until a queue run)2.5 E F3(11)345.57
328.8 Q F1(.)352.57 332.8 Q 2.037(An unusual case is the \231C\232 \215ag.)142
349 R 2.037(This \215ag applies to the mailer that the message is)7.037 F
(recei)117 361 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.654(df).15 G .153(rom, rather than the maile\
r being sent to; if set, the domain spec of the sender \(i.e., the)156.454 361
R 1.519(\231@host.domain\232 part\) is sa)117 373 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.019(da).15
G 1.519(nd is appended to an)252.746 373 R 4.019(ya)-.15 G 1.52
(ddresses in the message that do not)354.341 373 R
(already contain a domain spec.)117 385 Q -.15(Fo)5 G 2.5(re).15 G
(xample, a message of the form:)266.11 385 Q(From: eric@v)157 401.2 Q
(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -.8(To)157 413.2 S
2.5(:w).8 G(nj@monet.CS.Berk)179.81 413.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU, mckusick).65 E(will be modi\214ed to:)117 429.4 Q(From: eric@v)157 445.6
Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E -.8(To)157 457.6 S
2.5(:w).8 G(nj@monet.CS.Berk)179.81 457.6 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU, mckusick@v).65 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
F2 9.365(if and only if)117 473.8 R F1 9.364
(the \231C\232 \215ag is de\214ned in the mailer corresponding to)207.8 473.8 R
(\231eric@v)117 485.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU.).65
E<9a>-.7 E(Other \215ags are described in Appendix C.)142 502 Q .538
(The S and R \214elds in the mailer description are per)142 518.2 R .538
(-mailer re)-.2 F .538(writing sets to be applied to)-.25 F 2.253
(sender and recipient addresses respecti)117 530.2 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
7.253(.T)-.65 G 2.252(hese are applied after the sending domain is)312.995
530.2 R .546(appended and the general re)117 542.2 R .547
(writing sets \(numbers one and tw)-.25 F .547(o\) are applied, b)-.1 F .547
(ut before the out-)-.2 F .458(put re)117 554.2 R .458
(write \(ruleset four\) is applied.)-.25 F 2.958(At)5.458 G .457
(ypical use is to append the current domain to addresses)279.646 554.2 R
(that do not already ha)117 566.2 Q .3 -.15(ve a d)-.2 H 2.5(omain. F).15 F
(or e)-.15 E(xample, a header of the form:)-.15 E(From: eric)157 582.4 Q
(might be changed to be:)117 598.6 Q(From: eric@v)157 614.8 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)
-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(or)117 631 Q(From: ucb)157 647.2 Q
-.25(va)-.15 G(x!eric).25 E 1.312
(depending on the domain it is being shipped into.)117 663.4 R 1.313
(These sets can also be used to do special)6.312 F .32 LW 76 673 72 673 DL 80
673 76 673 DL 84 673 80 673 DL 88 673 84 673 DL 92 673 88 673 DL 96 673 92 673
DL 100 673 96 673 DL 104 673 100 673 DL 108 673 104 673 DL 112 673 108 673 DL
116 673 112 673 DL 120 673 116 673 DL 124 673 120 673 DL 128 673 124 673 DL 132
673 128 673 DL 136 673 132 673 DL 140 673 136 673 DL 144 673 140 673 DL 148 673
144 673 DL 152 673 148 673 DL 156 673 152 673 DL 160 673 156 673 DL 164 673 160
673 DL 168 673 164 673 DL 172 673 168 673 DL 176 673 172 673 DL 180 673 176 673
DL 184 673 180 673 DL 188 673 184 673 DL 192 673 188 673 DL 196 673 192 673 DL
200 673 196 673 DL 204 673 200 673 DL 208 673 204 673 DL 212 673 208 673 DL 216
673 212 673 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0 SF(10)93.6 683.4 Q/F5 8/Times-Italic@0 SF
(Sendmail)3.2 I/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF
(must be running setuid to root for this to w)2 E(ork.)-.08 E F4(11)93.6 697 Q
F6(The \231c\232 con\214guration option must be gi)3.2 I -.12(ve)-.2 G 2(nf).12
G(or this to be ef)242.04 700.2 Q(fecti)-.2 E -.12(ve)-.2 G(.).12 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-43)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(purpose output re)117 96 Q
(writing in cooperation with ruleset four)-.25 E(.)-.55 E .228
(The E \214eld de\214nes the string to use as an end-of-line indication.)142
112.2 R 2.728(As)5.228 G .228(tring containing only)419.654 112.2 R(ne)117
124.2 Q(wline is the def)-.25 E 2.5(ault. The)-.1 F
(usual backslash escapes \(\\r)2.5 E 2.5(,\\)-.4 G(n, \\f, \\b\) may be used.)
342.87 124.2 Q(Finally)142 140.4 Q 2.648(,a)-.65 G 2.648(na)179.278 140.4 S
-.18(rg)191.366 140.4 S 2.648(vt).18 G .149(emplate is gi)209.944 140.4 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 2.649(na).15 G 2.649(st)282.481 140.4 S .149(he E \214eld.)291.8
140.4 R .149(It may ha)5.149 F .449 -.15(ve e)-.2 H .149(mbedded spaces.).15 F
.149(If there is)5.149 F .204(no ar)117 152.4 R .204(gv with a)-.18 F F0($u)
2.704 E F1 .204(macro in it,)2.704 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)2.704 E
F1 .204(will speak SMTP to the mailer)2.704 F 5.203(.I)-.55 G 2.703(ft)412.648
152.4 S .203(he pathname for this)421.461 152.4 R(mailer is \231[IPC],)117
164.4 Q 2.5<9a74>-.7 G(he ar)192.4 164.4 Q(gv should be)-.18 E(IPC $h [)157
180.6 Q F2(port)2.5 E F1(])2.5 E(where)117 196.8 Q F2(port)2.5 E F1
(is the optional port number to connect to.)2.5 E -.15(Fo)142 213 S 2.5(re).15
G(xample, the speci\214cations:)162.53 213 Q(Mlocal, P=/bin/mail, F=rlsm)157
229.2 Q(S=10, R=20, A=mail \255d $u)5 E(Mether)157 241.2 Q 2.35(,P)-.4 G 13.9
(=[IPC], F=meC,)195.89 241.2 R(S=11, R=21, A=IPC $h, M=100000)1.39 E 1.643
(speci\214es a mailer to do local deli)117 257.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.644
(ry and a mailer for ethernet deli).15 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E 6.644(.T)-.65
G 1.644(he \214rst is called)436.018 257.4 R(\231local,)117 269.4 Q 2.649<9a69>
-.7 G 2.649(sl)152.549 269.4 S .149(ocated in the \214le \231/bin/mail,)161.868
269.4 R 2.649<9a74>-.7 G(ak)283.573 269.4 Q .149(es a pick)-.1 F(y)-.15 E F0
<ad72>2.649 E F1 .148(\215ag, does local deli)2.649 F -.15(ve)-.25 G(ry).15 E
2.648(,q)-.65 G .148(uotes should)453.572 269.4 R 1.016
(be stripped from addresses, and multiple users can be deli)117 281.4 R -.15
(ve)-.25 G 1.017(red at once; ruleset ten should be).15 F 1.417(applied to sen\
der addresses in the message and ruleset twenty should be applied to recipient)
117 293.4 R .122(addresses; the ar)117 305.4 R .123
(gv to send to a message will be the w)-.18 F .123(ord \231mail,)-.1 F 2.623
<9a74>-.7 G .123(he w)383.125 305.4 R .123(ord \231\255d,)-.1 F 2.623<9a61>-.7
G .123(nd w)446.644 305.4 R .123(ords con-)-.1 F 1.484
(taining the name of the recei)117 317.4 R 1.484(ving user)-.25 F 6.484(.I)-.55
G 3.984(fa)288.498 317.4 S F0<ad72>A F1 1.484
(\215ag is inserted it will be between the w)3.984 F(ords)-.1 E .288
(\231mail\232 and \231\255d.)117 329.4 R 5.288<9a54>-.7 G .289
(he second mailer is called \231ether)196.394 329.4 R 1.689 -.7(,\232 i)-.4 H
2.789(ts).7 G .289(hould be connected to via an IPC con-)348.947 329.4 R .932(\
nection, it can handle multiple users at once, connections should be deferred,\
 and an)117 341.4 R 3.432(yd)-.15 G(omain)479 341.4 Q 1.458
(from the sender address should be appended to an)117 353.4 R 3.958(yr)-.15 G
(ecei)340.2 353.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.958(rn).15 G 1.458
(ame without a domain; sender)377.628 353.4 R .74
(addresses should be processed by ruleset ele)117 365.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.24
(na).15 G .74(nd recipient addresses by ruleset twenty-one.)320.34 365.4 R
(There is a 100,000 byte limit on messages passed through this mailer)117 377.4
Q(.)-.55 E F0 2.5(5.3. The)87 401.4 R(User Database)2.5 E F1 .108(If you ha)127
417.6 R .408 -.15(ve a ve)-.2 H .109
(rsion of sendmail with the user database package compiled in, the handling of)
.15 F(sender and recipient addresses is modi\214ed.)102 429.6 Q
(The location of this database is controlled with the)127 445.8 Q F0(U)2.5 E F1
(option.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.3.1. Structur)102 469.8 R 2.5(eo)-.18 G 2.5(ft)177.92
469.8 S(he user database)187.08 469.8 Q F1(The database is a sorted \(BT)142
486 Q(ree-based\) structure.)-.35 E(User records are stored with the k)5 E -.15
(ey)-.1 G(:).15 E F2(user)157 502.2 Q(-name)-.2 E F0(:)A F2(\214eld-name)A F1
.128
(The sorted database format ensures that user records are clustered together)
117 518.4 R 5.128(.M)-.55 G .128(eta-information is)432.492 518.4 R(al)117
530.4 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G(ys stored with a leading colon.).1 E
(Field names de\214ne both the syntax and semantics of the v)142 546.6 Q 2.5
(alue. De\214ned)-.25 F(\214elds include:)2.5 E 33.39(maildrop The)117 562.8 R
(deli)4.872 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.372(ry address for this user).15 F 7.372(.T)-.55
G 2.373(here may be multiple v)349.472 562.8 R 2.373(alues of this)-.25 F 2.675
(record. In)189 574.8 R(particular)2.675 E 2.675(,m)-.4 G .175
(ailing lists will ha)284.095 574.8 R .475 -.15(ve o)-.2 H(ne).15 E F2(maildr)
2.675 E(op)-.45 E F1 .175(record for each user)2.675 F(on the list.)189 586.8 Q
30.06(mailname The)117 603 R 1.026(outgoing mailname for this user)3.526 F
6.026(.F)-.55 G 1.027(or each outgoing name, there should)353.336 603 R .08
(be an appropriate)189 615 R F2(maildr)2.58 E(op)-.45 E F1 .08
(record for that name to allo)2.58 F 2.58(wr)-.25 G .08(eturn mail.)422.38 615
R .08(See also)5.08 F F2(:default:mailname)189 627 Q F1(.)A 25.62
(mailsender Changes)117 643.2 R(an)3.447 E 3.447(ym)-.15 G .947
(ail sent to this address to ha)252.404 643.2 R 1.248 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .948
(he indicated en).15 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .948(lope sender).15 F(.)-.55 E .498(This\
 is intended for mailing lists, and will normally be the name of an appro-)189
655.2 R .754(priate -request address.)189 667.2 R .754(It is v)5.754 F .755
(ery similar to the o)-.15 F(wner)-.25 E(-)-.2 E F2(list)A F1 .755
(syntax in the alias)3.255 F(\214le.)189 679.2 Q 33.95(fullname The)117 695.4 R
(full name of the user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(of)117 711.6 Q 13.66(\214ce-address The)
-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce address for this user)-.25 E(.)-.55 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-44 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(of)117 96 Q
19.21(\214ce-phone The)-.25 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce phone number for this user)-.25 E
(.)-.55 E(of)117 112.2 Q(\214ce-f)-.25 E 30.98(ax The)-.1 F(of)2.5 E(\214ce F)
-.25 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)-.55 E 13.96(home-address The)117 128.4
R(home address for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E 19.51(home-phone The)117 144.6 R
(home phone number for this user)2.5 E(.)-.55 E(home-f)117 160.8 Q 31.28
(ax The)-.1 F(home F)2.5 E(AX number for this user)-.74 E(.)-.55 E 41.73
(project A)117 177 R .856
(\(short\) description of the project this person is af)3.356 F .855
(\214liated with.)-.25 F .855(In the Uni-)5.855 F -.15(ve)189 189 S
(rsity this is often just the name of their graduate advisor).15 E(.)-.55 E
52.28(plan A)117 205.2 R
(pointer to a \214le from which plan information can be g)2.5 E(athered.)-.05 E
.924(As of this writing, only a fe)142 221.4 R 3.424(wo)-.25 G 3.424(ft)273.208
221.4 S .925(hese \214elds are actually being used by sendmail:)282.742 221.4 R
/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(mail-)3.425 E(dr)117 233.4 Q(op)-.45 E F1(and)2.5 E F2
(mailname)2.5 E F1 5(.A)C F2(\214ng)211.54 233.4 Q(er)-.1 E F1
(program that uses the other \214elds is planned.)2.5 E F0 2.5(5.3.2. User)102
257.4 R(database semantics)2.5 E F1 .996(When the re)142 273.6 R .995
(writing rules submit an address to the local mailer)-.25 F 3.495(,t)-.4 G .995
(he user name is passed)408.93 273.6 R .78(through the alias \214le.)117 285.6
R .781
(If no alias is found \(or if the alias points back to the same address\), the)
5.78 F 1.778(name \(with \231:maildrop\232 appended\) is then used as a k)117
297.6 R 2.077 -.15(ey i)-.1 H 4.277(nt).15 G 1.777(he user database.)375.985
297.6 R 1.777(If no match)6.777 F
(occurs \(or if the maildrop points at the same address\), forw)117 309.6 Q
(arding is tried.)-.1 E .55(If the \214rst tok)142 325.8 R .551(en of the user\
 name returned by ruleset 0 is an \231@\232 sign, the user database)-.1 F .626
(lookup is skipped.)117 337.8 R .625
(The intent is that the user database will act as a set of def)5.626 F .625
(aults for a cluster)-.1 F 1.533(\(in our case, the Computer Science Di)117
349.8 R 1.533(vision\); mail sent to a speci\214c machine should ignore)-.25 F
(these def)117 361.8 Q(aults.)-.1 E .351
(When mail is sent, the name of the sending user is look)142 378 R .351
(ed up in the database.)-.1 F .351(If that user)5.351 F .04
(has a \231mailname\232 record, the v)117 390 R .041
(alue of that record is used as their outgoing name.)-.25 F -.15(Fo)5.041 G
2.541(re).15 G .041(xample, I)466.189 390 R(might ha)117 402 Q .3 -.15(ve a r)
-.2 H(ecord:).15 E 25.94(eric:mailname Eric.Allman@CS.Berk)157 418.2 R(ele)-.1
E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(This w)117 434.4 Q
(ould cause my outgoing mail to be sent as Eric.Allman.)-.1 E .757
(If a \231maildrop\232 is found for the user)142 450.6 R 3.257(,b)-.4 G .757
(ut no corresponding \231maildrop\232 record e)301.588 450.6 R .757(xists, the)
-.15 F 1.127(record \231:def)117 462.6 R 1.127(ault:mailname\232 is consulted.)
-.1 F 1.127(If present, this is the name of a host to o)6.127 F -.15(ve)-.15 G
1.128(rride the).15 F .625(local host.)117 474.6 R -.15(Fo)5.625 G 3.125(re).15
G .625(xample, in our case we w)185.515 474.6 R .625
(ould set it to \231CS.Berk)-.1 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G 3.125(EDU\232. The)
.65 F(ef)3.125 E .625(fect is that)-.25 F(an)117 486.6 Q .881(yone kno)-.15 F
.882(wn in the database gets their outgoing mail stamped as \231user@CS.Berk)
-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232,).65 E -.2(bu)117 498.6 S 2.5(tp).2 G
(eople not listed in the database use the local hostname.)137.08 498.6 Q F0 2.5
(6. O)72 522.6 R(THER CONFIGURA)-.4 E(TION)-.95 E F1 .907
(There are some con\214guration changes that can be made by recompiling)112
538.8 R F2(sendmail)3.407 E F1 5.907(.T)C .906(his section)460.594 538.8 R
(describes what changes can be made and what has to be modi\214ed to mak)87
550.8 Q 2.5(et)-.1 G(hem.)387.95 550.8 Q F0 2.5(6.1. P)87 574.8 R
(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/Mak)-.18 E(e\214le)-.1 E F1 .92
(These parameters are intended to describe the compilation en)127 591 R .92
(vironment, not site polic)-.4 F 2.22 -.65(y, a)-.15 H(nd).65 E
(should normally be de\214ned in src/Mak)102 603 Q(e\214le.)-.1 E 39.5(NDBM If)
102 619.2 R .665(set, the ne)3.165 F 3.165(wv)-.25 G .664
(ersion of the DBM library that allo)240.41 619.2 R .664
(ws multiple databases will be)-.25 F 2.542(used. If)174 631.2 R .042
(neither NDBM nor NEWDB are set, a much less ef)2.542 F .043
(\214cient method of alias)-.25 F(lookup is used.)174 643.2 Q 32.84(NEWDB If)
102 659.4 R .142(set, use the ne)2.642 F 2.642(wd)-.25 G .142
(atabase package from Berk)254.44 659.4 R(ele)-.1 E 2.641(y\()-.15 G .141
(from 4.4BSD\).)385.817 659.4 R .141(This package)5.141 F .266
(is substantially f)174 671.4 R .267(aster than DBM or NDBM.)-.1 F .267
(If NEWDB and NDBM are both set,)5.267 F(sendmail will read DBM \214les, b)174
683.4 Q(ut will create and use NEWDB \214les.)-.2 E(YPCOMP)102 699.6 Q 19.3
-1.11(AT I)-.92 H 3.684(fs)1.11 G 1.184(et together with)188.234 699.6 R F2
(both)3.684 E F1 1.183(NEWDB and NDBM,)3.683 F F2(sendmail)3.683 E F1 1.183
(will create both DBM)3.683 F 1.067
(and NEWDB \214les if and only if the \214le /v)174 711.6 R(ar/yp/Mak)-.25 E
1.067(e\214le e)-.1 F 1.067(xists and is readable.)-.15 F .501
(This is intended for compatibility with Sun Microsystems')174 723.6 R F2
(mkalias)3.001 E F1 .501(program used)3.001 F EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-45)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(on YP masters.)174 96 Q 41.73
(_AIX3 Compile)102 112.2 R(for IBM AIX 3.x.)2.5 E
(This has only been tested on 3.2.3.)5 E 25.05(SYSTEM5 Set)102 128.4 R
(all of the compilation parameters appropriate for System V)2.5 E(.)-1.29 E
36.72(LOCKF Use)102 144.6 R .299(System V)2.799 F F0(lockf)2.799 E F1 .299
(instead of Berk)2.799 F(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E F0(\215ock)2.799 E F1 5.299(.D)C .3
(ue to the highly unusual seman-)375.012 144.6 R .052
(tics of locks across forks in)174 156.6 R F0(lockf)2.552 E F1 2.551(,t)C .051
(his should ne)314.903 156.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.551(rb).15 G 2.551(eu)387.706
156.6 S .051(sed unless absolutely nec-)399.697 156.6 R(essary)174 168.6 Q 5
(.S)-.65 G(et by def)211.4 168.6 Q(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E 33.94
(SYS5TZ Use)102 184.8 R(System V time zone semantics.)2.5 E(HASINITGR)102 201 Q
(OUPS)-.4 E .812(Set this if your system has the)174 213 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(initgr)3.312 E(oups\(\))-.45 E F1 .812(call \(if you ha)3.312 F 1.112 -.15
(ve m)-.2 H .813(ultiple group sup-).15 F 2.5(port\). This)174 225 R
(is the def)2.5 E(ault if SYSTEM5 is)-.1 E F2(not)2.5 E F1
(de\214ned or if you are on HPUX.)2.5 E(HASUN)102 241.2 Q 13.19(AME Set)-.35 F
.89(this if you ha)3.39 F 1.19 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(uname)3.39 E F1 .89
(\(2\) system call \(or corresponding library routine\).)B(Set by def)174 253.2
Q(ault if SYSTEM5 is set.)-.1 E(HASST)102 269.4 Q -1.11(AT)-.93 G 15.42(FS Set)
1.11 F .202(this if you ha)2.701 F .502 -.15(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(statfs)
2.702 E F1 .202(\(2\) system call.)B .202(This will allo)5.202 F 2.702(wy)-.25
G .202(ou to gi)425.822 269.4 R .502 -.15(ve a t)-.25 H(empo-).15 E .108
(rary f)174 281.4 R .108(ailure message to incoming SMTP email when you are lo)
-.1 F 2.608(wo)-.25 G 2.608(nd)441.188 281.4 S .107(isk space.)453.796 281.4 R
(It)5.107 E(is set by def)174 293.4 Q(ault on 4.4BSD and OSF/1 systems.)-.1 E
(HASUST)102 309.6 Q 21.54 -1.11(AT S)-.93 H .593(et if you ha)1.11 F .894 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(he).15 E F2(ustat)3.094 E F1 .594(\(2\) system call.)B .594
(This is an alternati)5.594 F .894 -.15(ve i)-.25 H .594(mplementation of).15 F
.525(disk space control.)174 321.6 R -1.1(Yo)5.525 G 3.025(us)1.1 G .525
(hould only set one of HASST)278.32 321.6 R -1.11(AT)-.93 G .525(FS or HASUST)
1.11 F -.83 -1.11(AT ;)-.93 H(the)4.135 E(\214rst is preferred.)174 333.6 Q(_P)
102 349.8 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILCF)1.11 E
(The pathname of the sendmail.cf \214le.)174 361.8 Q(_P)102 378 Q -1.11(AT)-.92
G(H_SENDMAILFC)1.11 E(The pathname of the sendmail.fc \214le.)174 390 Q(_P)102
406.2 Q -1.11(AT)-.92 G(H_SENDMAILPID)1.11 E
(The pathname of the sendmail.pid \214le.)174 418.2 Q 26.17(LA_TYPE The)102
434.4 R(load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage type.).15 E(Details are described belo)
5 E -.65(w.)-.25 G 1.146(The are four b)102 450.6 R 1.146(uilt-in w)-.2 F 1.146
(ays of computing the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage.).15 E F2(Sendmail)6.147
E F1 1.147(tries to auto-con\214gure them)3.647 F .267
(based on imperfect guesses; you can select one using the)102 462.6 R F2(cc)
2.766 E F1(option)2.766 E F0(\255DLA_TYPE=)2.766 E F2(type)A F1 2.766(,w)C
(here)467.364 462.6 Q F2(type)2.766 E F1(is:)102 474.6 Q 34.51(LA_INT The)102
490.8 R -.1(ke)2.978 G .478(rnel stores the load a).1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .479
(rage in the k).15 F .479(ernel as an array of long inte)-.1 F 2.979(gers. The)
-.15 F(actual v)174 502.8 Q(alues are scaled by a f)-.25 E(actor FSCALE \(def)
-.1 E(ault 256\).)-.1 E(LA_FLO)102 519 Q 22.63 -1.11(AT T)-.35 H 1.118(he k)
1.11 F 1.117(ernel stores the load a)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.117(rage in the k)
.15 F 1.117(ernel as an array of double precision)-.1 F(\215oats.)174 531 Q
25.05(LA_SUBR Call)102 547.2 R(the)2.5 E F2 -.1(ge)2.5 G(tloadavg).1 E F1
(routine to get the load a)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage as an array of doubles.).15
E(LA_ZER)102 563.4 Q 27.96(OA)-.4 G -.1(lwa)181.22 563.4 S
(ys return zero as the load a).1 E -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.5(rage. This).15 F(is the f)
2.5 E(allback case.)-.1 E .738(If type)102 579.6 R/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
(LA_INT)3.238 E F1(or)3.238 E F3(LA_FLO)3.238 E -.999(AT)-.315 G F1 .738
(is speci\214ed, you may also need to specify)4.237 F F3(_P)3.239 E -.999(AT)
-.828 G(H_UNIX).999 E F1 .739(\(the path to)3.239 F .269
(your system binary\) and)102 591.6 R F3(LA_A)2.769 E(VENR)-1.215 E(UN)-.36 E
F1 .269(\(the name of the v)2.769 F .269(ariable containing the load a)-.25 F
-.15(ve)-.2 G .269(rage in the).15 F -.1(ke)102 603.6 S(rnel; usually \231_a).1
E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232 or \231a).15 E -.15(ve)-.2 G(nrun\232\).).15 E F0 2.5
(6.2. P)87 627.6 R(arameters in sr)-.1 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.h)-.15 E F1 -.15(Pa)127
643.8 S .895(rameters and compilation options are de\214ned in conf.h.).15 F
.896(Most of these need not normally)5.895 F .193(be tweak)102 655.8 R .192
(ed; common parameters are all in sendmail.cf.)-.1 F(Ho)5.192 E(we)-.25 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G .992 -.4(r, t).15 H .192(he sizes of certain primiti).4 F .492 -.15
(ve ve)-.25 H(c-).15 E(tors, etc., are included in this \214le.)102 667.8 Q
(The numbers follo)5 E(wing the parameters are their def)-.25 E(ault v)-.1 E
(alue.)-.25 E 1.909(MAXLINE [1024])102 684 R 1.909
(The maximum line length of an)190.309 684 R 4.409(yi)-.15 G 1.909(nput line.)
338.273 684 R 1.91(If message lines e)6.909 F 1.91(xceed this)-.15 F .575
(length the)188.4 696 R 3.075(yw)-.15 G .575
(ill still be processed correctly; ho)243.84 696 R(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
1.375 -.4(r, h).15 H .575(eader lines, con\214gura-).4 F
(tion \214le lines, alias lines, etc., must \214t within this limit.)188.4 708
Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-46 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(MAXN)102 96 Q
(AME [256])-.35 E(The maximum length of an)9.82 E 2.5(yn)-.15 G
(ame, such as a host or a user name.)309.63 96 Q .23(MAXPV [40])102 112.2 R
.231(The maximum number of parameters to an)188.63 112.2 R 2.731(ym)-.15 G
(ailer)376.455 112.2 Q 5.231(.T)-.55 G .231(his limits the number of)407.516
112.2 R .376(recipients that may be passed in one transaction.)188.4 124.2 R
.375(It can be set to an)5.376 F 2.875(ya)-.15 G(rbitrary)474.01 124.2 Q .875
(number abo)188.4 136.2 R 1.175 -.15(ve a)-.15 H .876(bout 10, since).15 F/F2
10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.376 E F1 .876(will break up a deli)3.376 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .876(ry into smaller).15 F .887(batches as needed.)188.4 148.2 R
3.387(Ah)5.887 G .887(igher number may reduce load on your system, ho)285.808
148.2 R(w-)-.25 E -2.15 -.25(ev e)188.4 160.2 T -.55(r.).25 G(MAXA)102 176.4 Q
-.18(TO)-1.11 G 2.558(M[).18 G 8.26(100] The)159.368 176.4 R .058
(maximum number of atoms \(tok)2.558 F .059(ens\) in a single address.)-.1 F
-.15(Fo)5.059 G 2.559(re).15 G .059(xample, the)457.281 176.4 R
(address \231eric@CS.Berk)188.4 188.4 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232 is se)
.65 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(na).15 G(toms.)367.93 188.4 Q .113(MAXMAILERS [25])102
204.6 R .112(The maximum number of mailers that may be de\214ned in the con\
\214guration \214le.).02 F(MAXR)102 220.8 Q(WSETS [100])-.55 E
(The maximum number of re).01 E(writing sets that may be de\214ned.)-.25 E
(MAXPRIORITIES [25])102 237 Q 2.481(The maximum number of v)188.4 249 R 2.482
(alues for the \231Precedence:\232 \214eld that may be)-.25 F
(de\214ned \(using the)188.4 261 Q F0(P)2.5 E F1(line in sendmail.cf\).)2.5 E
(MAXUSERENVIR)102 277.2 Q(ON [40])-.4 E .399
(The maximum number of items in the user en)188.4 289.2 R .399
(vironment that will be passed to)-.4 F(subordinate mailers.)188.4 301.2 Q -.1
(QU)102 317.4 S(EUESIZE [1000]).1 E
(The maximum number of entries that will be processed in a single queue run.)
2.35 E(MAXMXHOSTS [20])102 333.6 Q
(The maximum number of MX records we will accept for an)188.4 345.6 Q 2.5(ys)
-.15 G(ingle host.)439.03 345.6 Q(MAXIP)102 361.8 Q .968(ADDR [16])-.92 F .968
(The maximum number of numeric IP addresses we will accept for this host.)7.61
F(This does not limit the number the number of addresses for other hosts.)188.4
373.8 Q 2.851(An)102 390 S .351(umber of other compilation options e)117.071
390 R 2.851(xist. These)-.15 F .35
(specify whether or not speci\214c code should be)2.851 F(compiled in.)102 402
Q(DEB)102 418.2 Q 49.56(UG If)-.1 F 1.226(set, deb)3.726 F 1.226
(ugging information is compiled in.)-.2 F 2.827 -.8(To a)6.226 H 1.227
(ctually get the deb).8 F(ugging)-.2 E .4(output, the)188.4 430.2 R F0<ad64>2.9
E F1 .4(\215ag must be used.)2.9 F F0 .4(WE STR)5.4 F(ONGL)-.3 E 2.9(YR)-.92 G
.4(ECOMMEND THA)412.05 430.2 R(T)-.95 E .97(THIS BE LEFT ON.)188.4 442.2 R F1
.97(Some people, belie)5.97 F .97(ving that it w)-.25 F .97
(as a security hole \(it)-.1 F -.1(wa)188.4 454.2 S(s, once\) ha).1 E .3 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H(urned it of).15 E 2.5(fa)-.25 G(nd thus crippled deb)309.05 454.2 Q
(uggers.)-.2 E 41.69(NETINET If)102 470.4 R .829
(set, support for Internet protocol netw)3.33 F .829(orking is compiled in.)-.1
F(Pre)5.829 E .829(vious v)-.25 F(er)-.15 E(-)-.2 E .006(sions of)188.4 482.4 R
F0(sendmail)2.506 E F1 .006(referred to this as)2.506 F/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF
-.36(DA)2.506 G(EMON).36 E F1 2.506(;t)C .006(his old usage is no)382.57 482.4
R 2.506(wi)-.25 G(ncorrect.)468.74 482.4 Q 48.35(NETISO If)102 498.6 R .143
(set, support for ISO protocol netw)2.643 F .142
(orking is compiled in \(it may be appropri-)-.1 F
(ate to #de\214ne this in the Mak)188.4 510.6 Q(e\214le instead of conf.h\).)
-.1 E 63.35(LOG If)102 526.8 R .5(set, the)3 F F2(syslo)3 E(g)-.1 E F1 .5
(routine in use at some sites is used.)3 F .5(This mak)5.5 F .5(es an informa-)
-.1 F .504(tional log record for each message processed, and mak)188.4 538.8 R
.504(es a higher priority log)-.1 F(record for internal system errors.)188.4
550.8 Q(MA)102 567 Q 16.12(TCHGECOS Compile)-1.11 F 3.555(in the code to do `)
6.055 F 3.555(`fuzzy matching')-.74 F 6.055('o)-.74 G 6.055(nt)404.22 567 S
3.555(he GECOS \214eld in)418.055 567 R 2.5(/etc/passwd. This)188.4 579 R
(also requires that option G be turned on.)2.5 E -.35(NA)102 595.2 S 18.15
(MED_BIND Compile).35 F .413(in code to use the Berk)2.913 F(ele)-.1 E 2.912
(yI)-.15 G .412(nternet Name Domain \(BIND\) serv)342.41 595.2 R .412(er to)
-.15 F(resolv)188.4 607.2 Q 2.5(eT)-.15 G(CP/IP host names.)225.74 607.2 Q(NO)
102 623.4 Q 38.76(TUNIX If)-.4 F .247
(you are using a non-UNIX mail format, you can set this \215ag to turn of)2.747
F 2.748(fs)-.25 G(pe-)491.23 623.4 Q
(cial processing of UNIX-style \231From \232 lines.)188.4 635.4 Q -.1(QU)102
651.6 S 50.12(EUE This).1 F 1.559
(\215ag should be set to compile in the queueing code.)4.06 F 1.559
(If this is not set,)6.559 F
(mailers must accept the mail immediately or it will be returned to the sender)
188.4 663.6 Q(.)-.55 E(SETPR)102 679.8 Q 12.63(OCTITLE If)-.4 F(de\214ned,)3.88
E F2(sendmail)3.88 E F1 1.381(will change its)3.881 F F2(ar)3.881 E(gv)-.37 E
F1 1.381(array to indicate its current status.)3.881 F .207
(This can be used in conjunction with the)188.4 691.8 R F2(ps)2.707 E F1 .206
(command to \214nd out just what it')2.707 F(s)-.55 E(up to.)188.4 703.8 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-47)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 57.78(SMTP If)102 96 R .756
(set, the code to handle user and serv)3.256 F .756
(er SMTP will be compiled in.)-.15 F .756(This is)5.756 F 2.507
(only necessary if your machine has some mailer that speaks SMTP \(this)188.4
108 R(means most machines e)188.4 120 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rywhere\).).15 E(UGL)102
136.2 Q 30.46(YUUCP If)-1 F 1.023(you ha)3.523 F 1.323 -.15(ve a U)-.2 H 1.024
(UCP host adjacent to you which is not running a reasonable).15 F -.15(ve)188.4
148.2 S .112(rsion of).15 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(rmail)2.612 E F1 2.612(,y)C
.112(ou will ha)263.026 148.2 R .412 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.612(os).15 G .112
(et this \215ag to include the \231remote from sys-)329.234 148.2 R .031
(name\232 info on the from line.)188.4 160.2 R .032
(Otherwise, UUCP gets confused about where the)5.032 F(mail came from.)188.4
172.2 Q 44.45(USERDB Include)102 188.4 R(the)3.449 E F0(experimental)3.449 E F1
(Berk)3.449 E(ele)-.1 E 3.449(yu)-.15 G .949(ser information database package.)
341.356 188.4 R(This)5.948 E .27(adds a ne)188.4 200.4 R 2.77(wl)-.25 G -2.15
-.25(ev e)238.67 200.4 T 2.77(lo).25 G 2.77(fl)262.7 200.4 S .27(ocal name e)
271.58 200.4 R .27(xpansion between aliasing and forw)-.15 F 2.77(arding. It)
-.1 F(also uses the NEWDB package.)188.4 212.4 Q
(This may change in future releases.)5 E(IDENTPR)102 228.6 Q -1.88 -.4(OT O)-.4
H .376(Compile in the IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413.)188.4 228.6 R
.375(This def)5.375 F .375(aults on for)-.1 F 1.053(all systems e)188.4 240.6 R
1.053(xcept Ultrix, which apparently has the interesting \231feature\232 that)
-.15 F .83(when it recei)188.4 252.6 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.33(sa\231).15 G .83
(host unreachable\232 message it closes all open connections)270.18 252.6 R
1.921(to that host.)188.4 264.6 R 1.921(Since some \214re)6.921 F -.1(wa)-.25 G
1.922(ll g).1 F(ate)-.05 E -.1(wa)-.25 G 1.922
(ys send this error code when you).1 F 2.055
(access an unauthorized port \(such as 113, used by IDENT\), Ultrix cannot)
188.4 276.6 R(recei)188.4 288.6 Q .3 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(mail from such hosts.).15
E F0 2.5(6.3. Con\214guration)87 312.6 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/conf)-.18 E(.c)-.15 E F1
(The follo)127 328.8 Q(wing changes can be made in conf.c.)-.25 E F0 2.5
(6.3.1. Built-in)102 352.8 R(Header Semantics)2.5 E F1 1.248
(Not all header semantics are de\214ned in the con\214guration \214le.)142 369
R 1.248(Header lines that should)6.248 F .305(only be included by certain mail\
ers \(as well as other more obscure semantics\) must be speci\214ed)117 381 R
.046(in the)117 393 R F2(HdrInfo)2.546 E F1 .046(table in)2.546 F F2(conf)2.546
E(.c)-.15 E F1 5.046(.T)C .047
(his table contains the header name \(which should be in all lo)246.836 393 R
(wer)-.25 E(case\) and a set of header control \215ags \(described belo)117 405
Q(w\), The \215ags are:)-.25 E(H_A)117 421.2 Q 30.97(CHECK Normally)-.4 F .007
(when the check is made to see if a header line is compatible with)2.508 F 2.94
(am)203.4 433.2 S(ailer)218.56 433.2 Q(,)-.4 E F2(sendmail)2.94 E F1 .441
(will not delete an e)2.94 F .441(xisting line.)-.15 F .441
(If this \215ag is set,)5.441 F F2(send-)2.941 E(mail)203.4 445.2 Q F1 .152
(will delete e)2.652 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.652(ne).15 G .152
(xisting header lines.)293.998 445.2 R .152
(That is, if this bit is set and the)5.152 F 1.425(mailer does not ha)203.4
457.2 R 1.725 -.15(ve \215)-.2 H 1.425
(ag bits set that intersect with the required mailer).15 F 2.204
(\215ags in the header de\214nition in sendmail.cf, the header line is)203.4
469.2 R F2(always)4.703 E F1(deleted.)203.4 481.2 Q 51.13(H_EOH If)117 497.4 R
.206(this header \214eld is set, treat it lik)2.705 F 2.706(eab)-.1 G .206
(lank line, i.e., it will signal the end)363.948 497.4 R
(of the header and the be)203.4 509.4 Q(ginning of the message te)-.15 E(xt.)
-.15 E 39.45(H_FORCE Add)117 525.6 R 2.039(this header entry e)4.539 F -.15(ve)
-.25 G 4.539(ni).15 G 4.539(fo)326.225 525.6 S 2.038(ne e)339.094 525.6 R 2.038
(xisted in the message before.)-.15 F 2.038(If a)7.038 F 2.188
(header entry does not ha)203.4 537.6 R 2.488 -.15(ve t)-.2 H 2.188
(his bit set,).15 F F2(sendmail)4.688 E F1 2.189(will not add another)4.689 F
.62(header line if a header line of this name already e)203.4 549.6 R 3.12
(xisted. This)-.15 F -.1(wo)3.12 G .62(uld nor).1 F(-)-.2 E
(mally be used to stamp the message by e)203.4 561.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ryone who handled it.).15 E(H_TRA)117 577.8 Q 39.3(CE If)-.4 F 1.043
(set, this is a timestamp \(trace\) \214eld.)3.543 F 1.044
(If the number of trace \214elds in a)6.043 F .706(message e)203.4 589.8 R .705
(xceeds a preset amount the message is returned on the assump-)-.15 F
(tion that it has an aliasing loop.)203.4 601.8 Q 46.67(H_RCPT If)117 618 R
.332(set, this \214eld contains recipient addresses.)2.832 F .332
(This is used by the)5.332 F F0<ad74>2.832 E F1 .333(\215ag to)2.833 F 1.349
(determine who to send to when it is collecting recipients from the mes-)203.4
630 R(sage.)203.4 642 Q(H_FR)117 658.2 Q 43.74(OM This)-.4 F 1.673
(\215ag indicates that this \214eld speci\214es a sender)4.173 F 6.674(.T)-.55
G 1.674(he order of these)432.058 658.2 R .883(\214elds in the)203.4 670.2 R F2
(HdrInfo)3.383 E F1 .883(table speci\214es)3.383 F F2(sendmail')3.383 E(s)-.4 E
F1 .883(preference for which \214eld)3.383 F(to return error messages to.)203.4
682.2 Q(Let')117 698.4 Q 2.5(sl)-.55 G(ook at a sample)142.28 698.4 Q F2
(HdrInfo)2.5 E F1(speci\214cation:)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-48 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(struct hdrinfo)
157 96 Q(HdrInfo[] =)258.19 96 Q({)157 108 Q
(/* originator \214elds, most to least signi\214cant)189.5 120 Q(*/)5 E 14.72
("resent-sender", H_FR)177 132 R(OM,)-.4 E 21.38("resent-from", H_FR)177 144 R
(OM,)-.4 E 41.93("sender", H_FR)177 156 R(OM,)-.4 E 48.59("from", H_FR)177 168
R(OM,)-.4 E 29.15("full-name", H_A)177 180 R(CHECK,)-.4 E
(/* destination \214elds */)189.5 192 Q 60.25("to", H_RCPT)177 204 R(,)-.74 E
33.04("resent-to", H_RCPT)177 216 R(,)-.74 E 59.15("cc", H_RCPT)177 228 R(,)
-.74 E(/* message identi\214cation and control */)189.5 240 Q 34.15
("message", H_EOH,)177 252 R("te)177 264 Q 53.18(xt", H_EOH,)-.15 F
(/* trace \214elds */)189.5 276 Q("recei)177 288 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 34.56
(d", H_TRA).15 F(CE|H_FORCE,)-.4 E 49.53(NULL, 0,)177 312 R(};)157 324 Q 2.435
(This structure indicates that the \231T)117 340.2 R 2.435
(o:\232, \231Resent-T)-.8 F 2.435
(o:\232, and \231Cc:\232 \214elds all specify recipient)-.8 F 3.162
(addresses. An)117 352.2 R 3.162<7999>-.15 G .661(Full-Name:\232 \214eld will \
be deleted unless the required mailer \215ag \(indicated in)188.154 352.2 R
.245(the con\214guration \214le\) is speci\214ed.)117 364.2 R .245
(The \231Message:\232 and \231T)5.245 F -.15(ex)-.7 G .246
(t:\232 \214elds will terminate the header;).15 F 1.936
(these are used by random dissenters around the netw)117 376.2 R 1.936(ork w)
-.1 F 4.436(orld. The)-.1 F(\231Recei)4.436 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 1.936
(d:\232 \214eld will).15 F(al)117 388.2 Q -.1(wa)-.1 G
(ys be added, and can be used to trace messages.).1 E .445
(There are a number of important points here.)142 404.4 R .446
(First, header \214elds are not added automati-)5.446 F .657
(cally just because the)117 416.4 R 3.157(ya)-.15 G .657(re in the)216.678
416.4 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(HdrInfo)3.157 E F1 .657(structure; the)3.157 F
3.157(ym)-.15 G .656(ust be speci\214ed in the con\214guration)358.23 416.4 R
.727(\214le in order to be added to the message.)117 428.4 R(An)5.728 E 3.228
(yh)-.15 G .728(eader \214elds mentioned in the con\214guration \214le)312.982
428.4 R -.2(bu)117 440.4 S 3.24(tn).2 G .74(ot mentioned in the)137.82 440.4 R
F2(HdrInfo)3.24 E F1 .74(structure ha)3.24 F 1.04 -.15(ve d)-.2 H(ef).15 E .74
(ault processing performed; that is, the)-.1 F 3.24(ya)-.15 G(re)496.23 440.4 Q
1.374(added unless the)117 452.4 R 3.874(yw)-.15 G 1.374
(ere in the message already)201.792 452.4 R 6.375(.S)-.65 G 1.375(econd, the)
326.595 452.4 R F2(HdrInfo)3.875 E F1 1.375(structure only speci\214es)3.875 F
.324
(cliched processing; certain headers are processed specially by ad hoc code re)
117 464.4 R -.05(ga)-.15 G .324(rdless of the sta-).05 F .48
(tus speci\214ed in)117 476.4 R F2(HdrInfo)2.98 E F1 5.48(.F)C .481(or e)226.55
476.4 R .481(xample, the \231Sender:\232 and \231From:\232 \214elds are al)-.15
F -.1(wa)-.1 G .481(ys scanned on).1 F(ARP)117 490.4 Q .75
(ANET mail to determine the sender)-.92 F/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(12)282.31 486.4
Q F1 3.251(;t)289.31 490.4 S .751
(his is used to perform the \231return to sender\232 func-)298.121 490.4 R
2.977(tion. The)117 502.4 R .476(\231From:\232 and \231Full-Name:\232 \214elds\
 are used to determine the full name of the sender if)2.977 F
(possible; this is stored in the macro)117 514.4 Q F0($x)2.5 E F1
(and used in a number of w)2.5 E(ays.)-.1 E F0 2.5(6.3.2. Restricting)102 538.4
R(Use of Email)2.5 E F1 .149
(If it is necessary to restrict mail through a relay)142 554.6 R 2.649(,t)-.65
G(he)339.75 554.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.65 G(ec).15 E(kcompat)-.2 E F1 .15
(routine can be modi\214ed.)2.65 F .163(This routine is called for e)117 566.6
R -.15(ve)-.25 G .163(ry recipient address.).15 F .163(It returns an e)5.163 F
.163(xit status indicating the status of)-.15 F .895(the message.)117 578.6 R
.895(The status)5.895 F/F4 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(EX_OK)3.395 E F1 .895
(accepts the address,)3.395 F F4(EX_TEMPF)3.395 E(AIL)-.666 E F1 .895
(queues the message for a)3.395 F .264(later try)117 590.6 R 2.764(,a)-.65 G
.264(nd other v)157.698 590.6 R .264(alues \(commonly)-.25 F F4(EX_UN)2.764 E
-1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE)1.215 E F1 2.764(\)r)C .264(eject the message.)
358.375 590.6 R .263(It is up to)5.264 F F2 -.15(ch)2.763 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E
(compat)117 602.6 Q F1 .429(to print an error message \(using)2.929 F F2(usr)
2.929 E(err)-.37 E F1 2.929(\)i)C 2.929(ft)315.032 602.6 S .43
(he message is rejected.)324.071 602.6 R -.15(Fo)5.43 G 2.93(re).15 G(xample,)
443.39 602.6 Q F2 -.15(ch)2.93 G(ec).15 E(k-)-.2 E(compat)117 614.6 Q F1
(could read:)2.5 E .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80
669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100
669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108
669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL
128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2
136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2
DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168
669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176
669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL
196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2
204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F5 5/Times-Roman@0
SF(12)93.6 679.6 Q/F6 8/Times-Roman@0 SF(Actually)3.2 I 2.632(,t)-.52 G .632
(his is no longer true in SMTP; this information is contained in the en)132.488
682.8 R -.12(ve)-.32 G 2.631(lope. The).12 F .631(older ARP)2.631 F .631
(ANET protocols did)-.736 F(not completely distinguish en)72 692.4 Q -.12(ve)
-.32 G(lope from header).12 E(.)-.44 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-49)452.9 60 Q/F1 9/Times-Roman@0 SF(int)157 94.8 Q
(checkcompat\(to, e\))157 105.6 Q(re)175 116.4 Q(gister ADDRESS *to;)-.135 E
(re)175 127.2 Q(gister ENVELOPE *e;)-.135 E({)157 138 Q(re)175 148.8 Q
(gister ST)-.135 E(AB *s;)-.837 E 2.25(s=s)175 170.4 S(tab\("pri)191.578 170.4
Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te", ST_MAILER, ST_FIND\);).225 E
(if \(s != NULL && e\255>e_from.q_mailer != LocalMailer &&)175 181.2 Q
(to->q_mailer == s->s_mailer\))184 192 Q({)175 202.8 Q(usrerr\("No pri)193
213.6 Q -.225(va)-.225 G(te net mail allo).225 E(wed through this machine"\);)
-.225 E(return \(EX_UN)193 224.4 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175
235.2 Q(if \(MsgSize > 50000 && to\255>q_mailer != LocalMailer\))175 246 Q({)
175 256.8 Q(usrerr\("Message too lar)193 267.6 Q(ge for non-local deli)-.162 E
-.135(ve)-.225 G(ry"\);).135 E(NoReturn = TR)193 278.4 Q(UE;)-.36 E
(return \(EX_UN)193 289.2 Q -1.215(AVA)-.315 G(ILABLE\);)1.215 E(})175 300 Q
(return \(EX_OK\);)175 310.8 Q(})157 321.6 Q/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .205
(This w)117 337.8 R .205
(ould reject messages greater than 50000 bytes unless the)-.1 F 2.705(yw)-.15 G
.205(ere local.)387.09 337.8 R(The)5.205 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(NoReturn)
2.705 E F2(\215ag)2.705 E 1.196(can be sent to suppress the return of the actu\
al body of the message in the error return.)117 349.8 R(The)6.197 E(actual use\
 of this routine is highly dependent on the implementation, and use should be \
limited.)117 361.8 Q F0 2.5(6.3.3. Load)102 385.8 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H
(rage Computation)1 E F2 .18(The routine)142 402 R F3 -.1(ge)2.68 G(tla).1 E F2
.18(should return an approximation of the current system load a)2.68 F -.15(ve)
-.2 G .18(rage as an).15 F(inte)117 414 Q(ger)-.15 E 5(.T)-.55 G
(here are four v)157.68 414 Q
(ersions included on compilation \215ags as described abo)-.15 E -.15(ve)-.15 G
(.).15 E F0 2.5(6.3.4. New)102 438 R(Database Map Classes)2.5 E F2(Ne)142 454.2
Q 2.875(wk)-.25 G .675 -.15(ey m)168.405 454.2 T .375(aps can be added by crea\
ting a class initialization function and a lookup func-).15 F 2.5(tion. These)
117 466.2 R(are then added to the routine)2.5 E F3(setupmaps.)2.5 E F2
(The initialization function is called as)142 482.4 Q F3(xxx)157 498.6 Q F2
(_map_init\(MAP *map, char *mapname, char *ar)A(gs\))-.18 E(The)117 514.8 Q F3
(map)2.555 E F2 .055(is an internal data structure.)2.555 F(The)5.055 E F3
(mapname)2.555 E F2 .054(is the name of the map \(used for error mes-)2.554 F
2.819(sages\). The)117 526.8 R F3(ar)2.819 E(gs)-.37 E F2 .32(is a pointer to \
the rest of the con\214guration \214le line; \215ags and \214lenames can be)
2.819 F -.15(ex)117 538.8 S .675(tracted from this line.).15 F .675
(The initialization function must return)5.675 F F1(TR)3.175 E(UE)-.36 E F2
.674(if it successfully opened)3.174 F(the map,)117 550.8 Q F1 -.666(FA)2.5 G
(LSE).666 E F2(otherwise.)2.5 E(The lookup function is called as)142 567 Q F3
(xxx)157 583.2 Q F2(_map_lookup\(MAP *map, char b)A(uf[], int b)-.2 E
(ufsize, char **a)-.2 E 1.3 -.65(v, i)-.2 H(nt *statp\)).65 E(The)117 599.4 Q
F3(map)3.475 E F2 .975(de\214nes the map internally)3.475 F 5.975(.T)-.65 G
.975(he parameters)277.18 599.4 R F3 -.2(bu)3.475 G(f).2 E F2(and)3.475 E F3
-.2(bu)3.475 G(fsize).2 E F2(ha)3.476 E 1.276 -.15(ve t)-.2 H .976(he input k)
.15 F -.15(ey)-.1 G 5.976(.T)-.5 G(his)492.33 599.4 Q .043
(may be \(and often is\) used destructi)117 611.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G(ly).15 E
5.043(.T)-.65 G(he)289.831 611.4 Q F3(av)2.543 E F2 .043(is a list of ar)2.543
F .042(guments passed in from the re)-.18 F(write)-.25 E 3.654(line. The)117
623.4 R 1.154(lookup function should return a pointer to the ne)3.654 F 3.655
(wv)-.25 G 3.655(alue. IF)378.335 623.4 R 1.155(the map lookup f)3.655 F(ails,)
-.1 E F3(*statp)117 635.4 Q F2 1.272(should be set to an e)3.772 F 1.272
(xit status code; in particular)-.15 F 3.772(,i)-.4 G 3.771(ts)357.652 635.4 S
1.271(hould be set to)368.093 635.4 R F1(EX_TEMPF)3.771 E(AIL)-.666 E F2(if)
3.771 E(reco)117 647.4 Q -.15(ve)-.15 G(ry is to be attempted by the higher le)
.15 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(lc).15 G(ode.)308.76 647.4 Q F0 2.5(6.3.5. Queueing)
102 671.4 R(Function)2.5 E F2 .782(The routine)142 687.6 R F3(shouldqueue)3.282
E F2 .783(is called to decide if a message should be queued or processed)3.283
F(immediately)117 699.6 Q 6.619(.T)-.65 G 1.618
(ypically this compares the message priority to the current load a)180.779
699.6 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 4.118(rage. The).15 F(def)117 711.6 Q
(ault de\214nition is:)-.1 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-50 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(bool)157 96 Q
(shouldqueue\(pri, ctime\))157 108 Q(long pri;)175 120 Q(time_t ctime;)175 132
Q({)157 144 Q(if \(CurrentLA < QueueLA\))175 156 Q(return \(F)193 168 Q
(ALSE\);)-.74 E(if \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\))175 180 Q(return \(TR)193 192 Q
(UE\);)-.4 E(return \(pri > \(QueueF)175 204 Q
(actor / \(CurrentLA \255 QueueLA + 1\)\)\);)-.15 E(})157 216 Q 2.062
(If the current load a)117 232.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 2.062(rage \(global v).15 F
(ariable)-.25 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Curr)4.562 E(entLA)-.37 E F1 4.562(,w)C
2.062(hich is set before this function is)361.636 232.2 R 1.058
(called\) is less than the lo)117 244.2 R 3.558(wt)-.25 G 1.058
(hreshold load a)234.198 244.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.058(rage \(option).15 F F0(x)
3.557 E F1 3.557(,v)C(ariable)375.526 244.2 Q F2(QueueLA)3.557 E F1(\),)A F2
(shouldqueue)3.557 E F1(returns)117 256.2 Q/F3 9/Times-Roman@0 SF -.666(FA)
2.586 G(LSE).666 E F1 .086(immediately \(that is, it should)2.586 F F2(not)
2.586 E F1 2.586(queue\). If)2.586 F .086(the current load a)2.586 F -.15(ve)
-.2 G .087(rage e).15 F .087(xceeds the)-.15 F .588(high threshold load a)117
268.2 R -.15(ve)-.2 G .588(rage \(option).15 F F0(X)3.087 E F1 3.087(,v)C
(ariable)281.846 268.2 Q F2(RefuseLA)3.087 E F1(\),)A F2(shouldqueue)3.087 E F1
(returns)3.087 E F3(TR)3.087 E(UE)-.36 E F1(immedi-)3.087 E(ately)117 280.2 Q
7.125(.O)-.65 G 2.125
(therwise, it computes the function based on the message priority)152.635 280.2
R 4.626(,t)-.65 G 2.126(he queue f)438.208 280.2 R(actor)-.1 E(\(option)117
292.2 Q F0(q)2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)163.95 292.2 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(QueueF)
2.5 E(actor)-.75 E F1(\), and the current and threshold load a)A -.15(ve)-.2 G
(rages.).15 E 1.067(An implementation wishing to tak)142 308.4 R 3.567(et)-.1 G
1.066(he actual age of the message into account can also)293.625 308.4 R 1.41
(use the)117 320.4 R F2(ctime)3.91 E F1(parameter)3.91 E 3.91(,w)-.4 G 1.41
(hich is the time that the message w)229.15 320.4 R 1.41
(as \214rst submitted to)-.1 F F2(sendmail)3.91 E F1(.)A .929(Note that the)117
332.4 R F2(pri)3.428 E F1 .928
(parameter is already weighted by the number of times the message has been)
3.428 F .395(tried \(although this tends to lo)117 344.4 R .395
(wer the priority of the message with time\); the e)-.25 F .395
(xpectation is that)-.15 F(the)117 356.4 Q F2(ctime)2.674 E F1 -.1(wo)2.674 G
.174(uld be used as an \231escape clause\232 to ensure that messages are e).1 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .174(ntually processed.).15 F F0 2.5(6.3.6. Refusing)102 380.4 R
(Incoming SMTP Connections)2.5 E F1 1.148(The function)142 396.6 R F2 -.37(re)
3.648 G(fuseconnections).37 E F1(returns)3.648 E F3(TR)3.648 E(UE)-.36 E F1
1.148(if incoming SMTP connections should be)3.648 F 3.564(refused. The)117
408.6 R 1.063(current implementation is based e)3.563 F(xclusi)-.15 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 1.063(ly on the current load a).15 F -.15(ve)-.2 G 1.063(rage and the)
.15 F(refuse load a)117 420.6 Q -.15(ve)-.2 G(rage option \(option).15 E F0(X)
2.5 E F1 2.5(,g)C(lobal v)273.56 420.6 Q(ariable)-.25 E F2(RefuseLA)2.5 E F1
(\):)A(bool)157 436.8 Q(refuseconnections\(\))157 448.8 Q({)157 460.8 Q
(return \(CurrentLA >= RefuseLA\);)175 472.8 Q(})157 484.8 Q 2.5(Am)117 501 S
(ore cle)134.5 501 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(ri).15 G
(mplementation could look at more system resources.)179.08 501 Q F0 2.5
(6.3.7. Load)102 525 R -.6 -1(Av e)2.5 H(rage Computation)1 E F1 .243
(The routine)142 541.2 R F2 -.1(ge)2.743 G(tla).1 E F1 .243
(returns the current load a)2.743 F -.15(ve)-.2 G .243
(rage \(as a rounded inte).15 F 2.743(ger\). The)-.15 F(distrib)2.744 E(ution)
-.2 E(includes se)117 553.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(ral possible implementations.).15
E F0 2.5(6.4. Con\214guration)87 577.2 R(in sr)2.5 E(c/daemon.c)-.18 E F1 .4
(The \214le)127 593.4 R F2(sr)2.9 E(c/daemon.c)-.37 E F1 .4
(contains a number of routines that are dependent on the local netw)2.9 F(ork-)
-.1 E(ing en)102 605.4 Q 2.5(vironment. The)-.4 F -.15(ve)2.5 G
(rsion supplied assumes you ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve B)-.2 H(SD style sock).15 E
(ets.)-.1 E 2.16(In pre)127 621.6 R 2.16
(vious releases, we recommended that you modify the routine)-.25 F F2
(maphostname)4.66 E F1 2.16(if you)4.66 F -.1(wa)102 633.6 S 1.919
(nted to generalize).1 F F0($[)4.418 E F1(...)4.418 E F0($])4.418 E F1 4.418
(lookups. W)4.418 F 4.418(en)-.8 G 2.418 -.25(ow r)293.906 633.6 T 1.918
(ecommend that you create a ne).25 F 4.418(wk)-.25 G -.15(ey)463.632 633.6 S
1.918(ed map).15 F(instead.)102 645.6 Q F0 2.5(7. CHANGES)72 669.6 R
(IN VERSION 8)2.5 E F1 2.661(The follo)112 685.8 R 2.662
(wing summarizes changes since the last commonly a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 2.662
(ilable v).25 F 2.662(ersion of)-.15 F F0(sendmail)5.162 E F1(\(5.67\):)87
697.8 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-51)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.1. Connection)87 96 R(Caching)2.5 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF .398(Instead of closing SMTP connections immediately)127
112.2 R 2.897(,t)-.65 G .397(hose connections are cached for possible)339.005
112.2 R .597(future use.)102 124.2 R .597(The adv)5.597 F .597
(ent of MX records made this ef)-.15 F(fecti)-.25 E .897 -.15(ve f)-.25 H .598
(or mailing lists; in addition, substantial).15 F(performance impro)102 136.2 Q
-.15(ve)-.15 G(ments can be e).15 E(xpected for queue processing.)-.15 E F0 2.5
(7.2. MX)87 160.2 R(Piggybacking)2.5 E F1 1.258(If tw)127 176.4 R 3.757(oh)-.1
G 1.257(osts with dif)161.075 176.4 R 1.257
(ferent names in a single message happen to ha)-.25 F 1.557 -.15(ve t)-.2 H
1.257(he same set of MX).15 F .94(hosts, the)102 188.4 R 3.44(yc)-.15 G .94
(an be sent in the same transaction.)153.45 188.4 R -1.11(Ve)5.94 G .94
(rsion 8 notices this and tries to batch the mes-)1.11 F(sages.)102 200.4 Q F0
2.5(7.3. RFC)87 224.4 R(1123 Compliance)2.5 E F1 3.463(An)127 240.6 S .963
(umber of changes ha)142.683 240.6 R 1.262 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .962
(een made to mak).15 F(e)-.1 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.462 E F1 .962
(\231conditionally compliant\232 \(that is,)3.462 F F2(sendmail)102 252.6 Q F1
.049(satis\214es all of the \231MUST\232 clauses and most b)2.549 F .05
(ut not all of the \231SHOULD\232 clauses in RFC)-.2 F(1123\).)102 264.6 Q
(The major areas of change are \(numbers are RFC 1123 section numbers\):)127
280.8 Q 15(5.2.7 Response)102 297 R(to RCPT command is f)2.5 E(ast.)-.1 E 15
(5.2.8 Numeric)102 313.2 R(IP addresses are logged in Recei)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25
G(d: lines.).15 E 10(5.2.17 Self)102 329.4 R
(domain literal is properly handled.)2.5 E 15(5.3.2 Better)102 345.6 R
(control o)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.15 G 2.5(ri).15 G(ndi)220.02 345.6 Q
(vidual timeouts.)-.25 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 361.8 R
(messages are sent as \231From:<>\232.)2.5 E 15(5.3.3 Error)102 378 R
(messages are ne)2.5 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rs).15 G(ent to \231<>\232.)246.28
378 Q 15(5.3.3 Route-addrs)102 394.2 R(are pruned.)2.5 E(The areas in which)102
410.4 Q F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(is not \231unconditionally compliant\232 are:)2.5
E(5.2.6)102 426.6 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 426.6 Q F1(does do header munging.)2.5 E
(5.2.10)102 442.8 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 442.8 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1
(lwa)215.42 442.8 S(ys use the e).1 E(xact SMTP message te)-.15 E
(xt as listed in RFC 821.)-.15 E(5.3.1.1)102 459 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 459 Q F1
(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(tg)-.18 G
(uarantee only one connect for each host in queue runs.)215.98 459 Q(5.3.1.1)
102 475.2 Q F2(Sendmail)139.5 475.2 Q F1(doesn')2.5 E 2.5(ta)-.18 G -.1(lwa)
215.42 475.2 S(ys pro).1 E(vide adequate concurrenc)-.15 E 2.5(yl)-.15 G
(imits.)366.54 475.2 Q F0 2.5(7.4. Extended)87 499.2 R(SMTP Support)2.5 E F1
-1.11(Ve)127 515.4 S .155(rsion 8 includes both sending and recei)1.11 F .154
(ving support for Extended SMTP support as de\214ned)-.25 F(by RFC 1425 \(basi\
c\) and RFC 1427 \(SIZE\); and limited support for RFC 1426 \(BOD)102 527.4 Q
(Y\).)-.55 E F0 2.5(7.5. Eight-Bit)87 551.4 R(Clean)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 567.6 Q
1.104(vious v)-.25 F 1.104(ersions of)-.15 F F0(sendmail)3.604 E F1 1.104
(used the 0200 bit for quoting.)3.604 F 1.105(This v)6.104 F 1.105(ersion a)
-.15 F -.2(vo)-.2 G 1.105(ids that use.).2 F(Ho)102 579.6 Q(we)-.25 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G .8 -.4(r, f).15 H
(or compatibility with RFC 822, you can set option `7' to get se).4 E -.15(ve)
-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G(it stripping.)418.86 579.6 Q(Indi)127 595.8 Q
(vidual mailers can still produce se)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(nb).15 G
(it out put using the `7' mailer \215ag.)300.77 595.8 Q F0 2.5(7.6. User)87
619.8 R(Database)2.5 E F1 1.073(The user database is an as-yet e)127 636 R
1.072(xperimental attempt to pro)-.15 F 1.072(vide uni\214ed lar)-.15 F 1.072
(ge-site name sup-)-.18 F 2.5(port. W)102 648 R 2.5(ea)-.8 G
(re installing it at Berk)145.63 648 Q(ele)-.1 E(y; future v)-.15 E
(ersions may sho)-.15 E 2.5(ws)-.25 G(igni\214cant modi\214cations.)363.57 648
Q F0 2.5(7.7. Impr)87 672 R -.1(ove)-.18 G 2.5(dB).1 G(IND Support)158.01 672 Q
F1 .489(The BIND support, particularly for MX records, had a number of anno)127
688.2 R .49(ying \231features\232 which)-.1 F(ha)102 700.2 Q 1.212 -.15(ve b)
-.2 H .912(een remo).15 F -.15(ve)-.15 G 3.412(di).15 G 3.412(nt)187.116 700.2
S .912(his release.)198.308 700.2 R .912(In particular)5.912 F 3.412(,t)-.4 G
.912(hese more tightly bind \(pun intended\) the name)307.916 700.2 R(serv)102
712.2 Q(er to sendmail, so that the name serv)-.15 E
(er resolution rules are incorporated directly into)-.15 E F0(sendmail)2.5 E F1
(.)A EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-52 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E 2.5(7.8. K)87 96 R(ey)-.25 E(ed Files)
-.1 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .206(Generalized k)127 112.2 R -.15(ey)-.1 G .206
(ed \214les is an idea tak).15 F .206(en directly from)-.1 F/F2 9/Times-Roman@0
SF(ID)2.706 E(A)-.36 E F0(sendmail)2.706 E F1 .207(\(albeit with a completely)
2.706 F(dif)102 124.2 Q(ferent implementation\).)-.25 E(The)5 E 2.5(yc)-.15 G
(an be useful on lar)239.63 124.2 Q(ge sites.)-.18 E -1.11(Ve)127 140.4 S
(rsion 8 also understands YP)1.11 E(.)-1.11 E F0 2.5(7.9. Multi-W)87 164.4 R
(ord Classes)-.75 E F1(Classes can no)127 180.6 Q 2.5(wb)-.25 G 2.5(em)200.35
180.6 S(ultiple w)215.07 180.6 Q 2.5(ords. F)-.1 F(or e)-.15 E(xample,)-.15 E
(CShofmann.CS.Berk)142 196.8 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(allo)102 213
Q 2.664(ws you to match the entire string \231hofmann.CS.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E
-.65(y.)-.15 G 2.663(EDU\232 using the single construct).65 F(\231$=S\232.)102
225 Q F0 2.5(7.10. Deferr)87 249 R(ed Macr)-.18 E 2.5(oE)-.18 G(xpansion)189.94
249 Q F1(The)127 265.2 Q F0($&)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1
(construct has been adopted from)2.5 E F2(ID)2.5 E(A)-.36 E F1(.)A F0 2.5
(7.11. IDENT)87 289.2 R(Pr)2.5 E(otocol Support)-.18 E F1
(The IDENT protocol as de\214ned in RFC 1413 is supported.)127 305.4 Q F0 2.5
(7.12. P)87 329.4 R(arsing Bug Fixes)-.1 E F1 4.03(An)127 345.6 S 1.53
(umber of small b)143.25 345.6 R 1.53(ugs ha)-.2 F 1.53
(ving to do with things lik)-.2 F 4.03(eb)-.1 G 1.53
(ackslash-escaped quotes inside of)364.72 345.6 R(comments ha)102 357.6 Q .3
-.15(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E(ed.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.13. Separate)87 381.6 R(En)
2.5 E -.1(ve)-.4 G(lope/Header Pr).1 E(ocessing)-.18 E F1 .854
(Since the From: line is passed in separately from the en)127 397.8 R -.15(ve)
-.4 G .854(lope sender).15 F 3.354(,t)-.4 G .854(hese ha)420.978 397.8 R 1.154
-.15(ve b)-.2 H .854(oth been).15 F .427(made visible; the)102 409.8 R F0($g)
2.927 E F1 .427(macro is set to the en)2.927 F -.15(ve)-.4 G .428
(lope sender during processing of mailer ar).15 F .428(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15
E(tors and the header sender during processing of headers.)102 421.8 Q .085
(It is also possible to specify separate per)127 438 R .085(-mailer en)-.2 F
-.15(ve)-.4 G .084(lope and header processing.).15 F(The)5.084 E F0(S)2.584 E
F1(ender)A(-)-.2 E -.55(RW)102 450 S .512(Set and).55 F F0(R)3.012 E F1
(ecipientR)A .512(Wset ar)-.55 F .512
(guments for mailers can be speci\214ed as)-.18 F F3(en)3.013 E(velope/header)
-.4 E F1 .513(to gi)3.013 F .813 -.15(ve d)-.25 H(if-).15 E(ferent re)102 462 Q
(writings for en)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.4 G(lope v).15 E(ersus header addresses.)-.15
E F0 2.5(7.14. Owner)87 486 R(-List Pr)-.37 E(opagates to En)-.18 E -.1(ve)-.4
G(lope).1 E F1 1.001(When an alias has an associated o)127 502.2 R 1
(wner\255list name, that alias is used to change the en)-.25 F -.15(ve)-.4 G
(lope).15 E(sender address.)102 514.2 Q(This will cause do)5 E
(wnstream errors to be returned to that o)-.25 E(wner)-.25 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.15. Dynamic)87 538.2 R(Header Allocation)2.5 E F1(The \214x)127 554.4 Q
(ed size limit on header lines has been eliminated.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.16. New)87
578.4 R(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 594.6 Q F0<ad42>2.5 E F1
(\215ag has been added to pass in body type information.)2.5 E(The)127 610.8 Q
F0<ad70>2.5 E F1(\215ag has been added to pass in protocol information.)2.5 E
(The)127 627 Q F0<ad58>2.6 E F1 .1(\215ag has been added to allo)2.6 F 2.6(wl)
-.25 G .1(ogging of all protocol in and out of)279.89 627 R F3(sendmail)2.6 E
F1 .1(for deb)2.6 F(ug-)-.2 E(ging.)102 639 Q F0 2.5(7.17. Enhanced)87 663 R
(Command Line Flags)2.5 E F1(The)127 679.2 Q F0<ad71>4.007 E F1 1.507(\215ag c\
an limit limit a queue run to speci\214c recipients, senders, or queue ids usi\
ng)4.007 F F0(\255qR)102 691.2 Q F3(substring)A F0 2.5<2cad>C(qS)168.41 691.2 Q
F3(substring)A F0 2.5(,o)C 2.5<72ad>226.76 691.2 S(qI)239.4 691.2 Q F3
(substring)A F0 -.18(re)2.5 G(specti).18 E -.1(ve)-.1 G(ly).1 E(.)-.7 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-53)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.18. New)87 96 R(and Old Con\214guration Line T)2.5
E(ypes)-.74 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(The)127 112.2 Q F0(T)2.766 E F1(\(T)2.766
E .267(rusted users\) con\214guration line has been deleted.)-.35 F .267
(It will still be accepted b)5.267 F .267(ut will be)-.2 F(ignored.)102 124.2 Q
(The)127 140.4 Q F0(K)2.5 E F1(line has been added to declare database maps.)
2.5 E(The)127 156.6 Q F0(V)2.5 E F1
(line has been added to declare the con\214guration v)2.5 E(ersion le)-.15 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E(The)127 172.8 Q F0(M)2.797 E F1 .296(line has a \231D=\
\232 \214eld that lets you change into a temporary directory while that mailer)
2.797 F(is running.)102 184.8 Q F0 2.5(7.19. New)87 208.8 R(Options)2.5 E F1
(Se)127 225 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G .9(ral ne).15 F 3.4(wo)-.25 G .9(ptions ha)184.8
225 R 1.2 -.15(ve b)-.2 H .9(een added, man).15 F 3.4(yt)-.15 G 3.4(os)314.89
225 S .9(upport ne)327.18 225 R 3.4(wf)-.25 G .9(eatures, others to allo)379.83
225 R 3.4(wt)-.25 G(uning)481.22 225 Q 1.187(that w)102 237 R 1.187(as pre)-.1
F 1.187(viously a)-.25 F -.25(va)-.2 G 1.187(ilable only by recompiling.).25 F
(The)6.186 E 3.686(ya)-.15 G 1.186(re described in detail in Section 5.1.5.)
345.514 237 R(Brie\215y)102 249 Q(,)-.65 E 31(bI)102 265.2 S
(nsist on a minimum number of disk blocks.)141.33 265.2 Q 29.33(CS)102 281.4 S
(et checkpoint interv)143.56 281.4 Q(al.)-.25 E 29.89(ED)102 297.6 S(ef)145.22
297.6 Q(ault error message.)-.1 E 28.78(GE)102 313.8 S(nable GECOS matching.)
144.11 313.8 Q 31(hM)102 330 S(aximum hop count.)146.89 330 Q 33.22(jS)102
346.2 S(end errors in MIME-encapsulated format.)143.56 346.2 Q 32.11(JF)102
362.4 S(orw)143.41 362.4 Q(ard \214le path.)-.1 E 31(kC)102 378.6 S
(onnection cache size)144.67 378.6 Q 28.78(KC)102 394.8 S
(onnection cache lifetime.)144.67 394.8 Q 33.22(lE)102 411 S .333
(nable Errors-T)144.11 411 R .333(o: header)-.8 F 5.334(.T)-.55 G .334
(hese headers violate RFC 1123; this option is included to pro-)252.89 411 R
(vide back compatibility with old v)138 423 Q(ersions of sendmail.)-.15 E 28.78
(OS)102 439.2 S
(et incoming SMTP daemon options, such as an alternate SMTP port.)143.56 439.2
Q 31(pP)102 455.4 S(ri)143.56 455.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G .3 -.15(cy o).25 H
(ptions.).15 E 29.33(RD)102 471.6 S(on')145.22 471.6 Q 2.5(tp)-.18 G
(rune route-addrs.)168.65 471.6 Q 28.78(UU)102 487.8 S(ser database spec.)
145.22 487.8 Q 28.78(VF)102 504 S(allback \231MX\232 host.)143.41 504 Q 31(7D)
102 520.2 S 2.5(on)145.22 520.2 S(ot run eight bit clean.)157.72 520.2 Q F0 2.5
(7.20. Extended)87 544.2 R(Options)2.5 E F1(The)127 560.4 Q F0(r)3.764 E F1
1.264(\(read timeout\),)3.764 F F0(I)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(use BIND\), and)3.764 F
F0(T)3.764 E F1 1.264(\(queue timeout\) options ha)3.764 F 1.564 -.15(ve b)-.2
H 1.264(een e).15 F 1.264(xtended to)-.15 F(pass in more information.)102 572.4
Q F0 2.5(7.21. New)87 596.4 R(Mailer Flags)2.5 E F1(Se)127 612.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25
G(ral ne).15 E 2.5(wm)-.25 G(ailer \215ags ha)185.78 612.6 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een added.).15 E 31.56(aT)102 628.8 S .636
(ry to use ESMTP when creating a connection.)143.76 628.8 R .636
(If this is not set,)5.636 F/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)3.136 E F1 .636
(will still try if)3.136 F .221(the other end hints that it kno)138 640.8 R .22
(ws about ESMTP in its greeting message; this \215ag says to try)-.25 F -2.15
-.25(ev e)138 652.8 T 2.595(ni).25 G 2.595(fi)161.855 652.8 S 2.595(td)170.56
652.8 S(oesn')180.935 652.8 Q 2.595(th)-.18 G 2.595(int. If)212.79 652.8 R .095
(the EHLO \(e)2.595 F .095(xtended hello\) command f)-.15 F(ails,)-.1 E F2
(sendmail)2.596 E F1 -.1(fa)2.596 G .096(lls back to).1 F(old SMTP)138 664.8 Q
(.)-1.11 E 31(bE)102 681 S
(nsure that there is a blank line at the end of all messages.)144.11 681 Q
31.56(cS)102 697.2 S .68(trip all comments from addresses; this should only be\
 used as a last resort when dealing)143.56 697.2 R(with crank)138 709.2 Q 2.5
(ym)-.15 G(ailers.)195.62 709.2 Q EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 193.36(SMM:08-54 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 31(gN)102 96 S
-2.15 -.25(ev e)145.22 96 T 2.64(ru).25 G .14(se the null sender as the en)
169.67 96 R -.15(ve)-.4 G .141(lope sender).15 F 2.641(,e)-.4 G -.15(ve)341.495
96 S 2.641(nw).15 G .141(hen running SMTP)365.646 96 R 5.141(.A)-1.11 G .141
(lthough this)456.349 96 R 1.521(violates RFC 1123, it may be necessary when y\
ou must deal with some obnoxious old)138 108 R(hosts.)138 120 Q 31(7S)102 136.2
S(trip all output to 7 bits.)143.56 136.2 Q F0 2.5(7.22. New)87 160.2 R(Pr)2.5
E(e-De\214ned Macr)-.18 E(os)-.18 E F1(The follo)127 176.4 Q
(wing macros are pre-de\214ned:)-.25 E 23.5($k The)102 192.6 R
(UUCP node name, nominally from)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(uname)2.5 E F1
(\(2\) call.)A 20.72($m The)102 208.8 R(domain part of our full hostname.)2.5 E
23.5($_ The)102 225 R(RFC 1413-pro)2.5 E(vided sender address.)-.15 E F0 2.5
(7.23. New)87 249 R(LHS T)2.5 E(ok)-.92 E(en)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 265.2 S
1.375(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F(ws)-.25 E F0($@)3.875 E F1 1.376
(on the Left Hand Side of an \231R\232 line to match zero tok)3.875 F 3.876
(ens. This)-.1 F(is)3.876 E(intended to be used to match the null input.)102
277.2 Q F0 2.5(7.24. Bigger)87 301.2 R(Defaults)2.5 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 317.4 S
1.284(rsion 8 allo)1.11 F 1.284(ws up to 100 rulesets instead of 30.)-.25 F
1.283(It is recommended that rulesets 0\2559 be)6.284 F(reserv)102 329.4 Q
(ed for)-.15 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1 1.1 -.55('s d)D
(edicated use in future releases.).55 E
(The total number of MX records that can be used has been raised to 20.)127
345.6 Q .335(The number of queued messages that can be handled at one time has\
 been raised from 600 to)127 361.8 R(1000.)102 373.8 Q F0 2.5(7.25. Differ)87
397.8 R(ent Default T)-.18 E(uning P)-.92 E(arameters)-.1 E F1 -1.11(Ve)127 414
S .8(rsion 8 has changed the def)1.11 F .8
(ault parameters for tuning queue costs to mak)-.1 F 3.3(et)-.1 G .8
(he number of)449.08 414 R .712(recipients more important than the size of the\
 message \(for small messages\).)102 426 R .712(This is reasonable if)5.712 F
(you are connected with reasonably f)102 438 Q(ast links.)-.1 E F0 2.5(7.26. A)
87 462 R(uto-Quoting in Addr)-.5 E(esses)-.18 E F1(Pre)127 478.2 Q(viously)-.25
E 2.611(,t)-.65 G .111(he \231Full Name <email address>\232 syntax w)176.771
478.2 R .111(ould generate incorrect protocol output)-.1 F
(if \231Full Name\232 had special characters such as dot.)102 490.2 Q(This v)5
E(ersion puts quotes around such names.)-.15 E F0 2.5(7.27. Symbolic)87 514.2 R
(Names On Err)2.5 E(or Mailer)-.18 E F1(Se)127 530.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral names ha).15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H(een b).15 E
(uilt in to the $@ portion of the $#error mailer)-.2 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.28. SMTP)87 554.4 R(VRFY Doesn't Expand)2.5 E F1(Pre)127 570.6 Q 1.437
(vious v)-.25 F 1.437(ersions of)-.15 F F2(sendmail)3.937 E F1 1.438
(treated VRFY and EXPN the same.)3.937 F 1.438(In this v)6.438 F 1.438
(ersion, VRFY)-.15 F(doesn')102 582.6 Q 2.5(te)-.18 G(xpand aliases or follo)
138.05 582.6 Q 2.5(w.)-.25 G(forw)235.84 582.6 Q(ard \214les.)-.1 E .664
(As an optimization, if you run with your def)127 598.8 R .663(ault deli)-.1 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .663(ry mode being queue-only).15 F 3.163(,t)-.65 G .663
(he RCPT)466.387 598.8 R 1.09(command will also not chase aliases and .forw)102
610.8 R 1.09(ard \214les.)-.1 F 1.09(It will chase them when it processes the)
6.09 F(queue.)102 622.8 Q F0 2.5(7.29. [IPC])87 646.8 R(Mailers Allo)2.5 E 2.5
(wM)-.1 G(ultiple Hosts)210.49 646.8 Q F1 .448(When an address resolv)127 663 R
.448(es to a mailer that has \231[IPC]\232 as its \231P)-.15 F .447
(ath\232, the $@ part \(host name\))-.15 F .137
(can be a colon-separated list of hosts instead of a single hostname.)102 675 R
.138(This asks sendmail to search the)5.138 F .161
(list for the \214rst entry that is a)102 687 R -.25(va)-.2 G .161(ilable e).25
F .16(xactly as though it were an MX record.)-.15 F .16(The intent is to route)
5.16 F .737(internal traf)102 699 R .738(\214c through internal netw)-.25 F
.738(orks without publishing an MX record to the net.)-.1 F .738(MX e)5.738 F
(xpan-)-.15 E(sion is still done on the indi)102 711 Q(vidual items.)-.25 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-55)452.9 60 Q 2.5(7.30. Aliases)87 96 R(Extended)2.5 E/F1 10
/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.457(The implementation has been mer)127 112.2 R 1.457
(ged with maps.)-.18 F 1.456(Among other things, this supports NIS-)6.457 F
(based aliases.)102 124.2 Q F0 2.5(7.31. P)87 148.2 R
(ortability and Security Enhancements)-.2 E F1 2.5(An)127 164.4 S
(umber of internal changes ha)141.72 164.4 Q .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made to enhance portability).15 E(.)-.65 E(Se)127 180.6 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(ral \214x).15 E(es ha)-.15 E .3 -.15(ve b)-.2 H
(een made to increase the paranoia f).15 E(actor)-.1 E(.)-.55 E F0 2.5
(7.32. Miscellaneous)87 204.6 R(Changes)2.5 E/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(Sendmail)
127 220.8 Q F1(writes a)2.5 E F2(/etc/sendmail.pid)2.5 E F1
(\214le with the current process id of the SMTP daemon.)2.5 E -1 -.8(Tw o)127
237 T 1.646(people using the same program in their .forw)4.946 F 1.647
(ard \214le are considered dif)-.1 F 1.647(ferent so that)-.25 F
(duplicate elimination doesn')102 249 Q 2.5(td)-.18 G(elete one of them.)225.98
249 Q(The)127 265.2 Q F2(mailstats)3.181 E F1 .681
(program prints mailer names and gets the location of the)3.181 F F2
(sendmail.st)3.18 E F1 .68(\214le from)3.18 F F2(/etc/sendmail.cf)102 277.2 Q
F1(.)A(Man)127 293.4 Q 2.5(ym)-.15 G(inor b)160.46 293.4 Q(ugs ha)-.2 E .3 -.15
(ve b)-.2 H(een \214x).15 E
(ed, such as handling of backslashes inside of quotes.)-.15 E 2.5(Ah)127 309.6
S(ook \(ruleset 5\) has been added to allo)141.72 309.6 Q 2.5(wr)-.25 G -.25
(ew)304.21 309.6 S(riting of local addresses after aliasing.).25 E F0 2.5(8. A)
72 333.6 R(CKNO)-.55 E(WLEDGEMENTS)-.5 E F1(I')112 349.8 Q 2.036 -.15(ve w)-.5
H(ork).05 E 1.737(ed on)-.1 F F2(sendmail)4.237 E F1 1.737(for man)4.237 F
4.237(yy)-.15 G 1.737(ears, and man)267.501 349.8 R 4.237(ye)-.15 G(mplo)
339.762 349.8 Q 1.737(yers ha)-.1 F 2.037 -.15(ve b)-.2 H 1.737
(een remarkably patient).15 F .404(about letting me w)87 361.8 R .404
(ork on a lar)-.1 F .404(ge project that w)-.18 F .403(as not part of my of)-.1
F .403(\214cial job)-.25 F 5.403(.T)-.4 G .403(his includes time on the)407.388
361.8 R(INGRES Project at Berk)87 373.8 Q(ele)-.1 E 1.3 -.65(y, a)-.15 H 2.5
(tB).65 G(ritton Lee, and ag)222.75 373.8 Q(ain on the Mammoth Project at Berk)
-.05 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G .453(Much of the second w)112 390 R -2.25 -.2
(av e)-.1 H .453(of impro)3.153 F -.15(ve)-.15 G .453
(ments should be credited to Bryan Costales of ICSI.).15 F .454(As he)5.454 F
.781(passed me drafts of his book on)87 402 R F2(sendmail)3.281 E F1 3.281(Iw)
3.281 G .781(as inspired to start w)274.741 402 R .781(orking on things ag)-.1
F 3.281(ain. Bryan)-.05 F -.1(wa)3.281 G(s).1 E(also a)87 414 Q -.25(va)-.2 G
(ilable to bounce ideas of).25 E 2.5(fo)-.25 G(f.)227.38 414 Q(Man)112 430.2 Q
2.856 -.65(y, m)-.15 H(an).65 E 4.056(yp)-.15 G 1.556(eople contrib)172.212
430.2 R 1.556(uted chunks of code and ideas to)-.2 F F2(sendmail)4.056 E F1
6.556(.I)C 4.056(th)418.476 430.2 S 1.557(as pro)430.312 430.2 R -.15(ve)-.15 G
4.057(nt).15 G 4.057(ob)477.006 430.2 S 4.057(ea)491.063 430.2 S .464
(group netw)87 442.2 R .464(ork ef)-.1 F 2.964(fort. V)-.25 F .464
(ersion 8 in particular w)-1.11 F .463(as a group project.)-.1 F .463
(The follo)5.463 F .463(wing people made notable)-.25 F(contrib)87 454.2 Q
(utions:)-.2 E -.25(Ke)127 470.4 S(ith Bostic, CSRG, Uni).25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity of California, Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E(y)-.15 E(Michael J. Corrig)127 482.4
Q(an, Uni)-.05 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E
(Bryan Costales, International Computer Science Institute)127 494.4 Q
(P{r \(Pell\) Emanuelsson)127 506.4 Q(Craig Ev)127 518.4 Q(erhart, T)-.15 E
(ransarc Corporation)-.35 E -.8(To)127 530.4 S 2.5(mI).8 G -.25(va)150.92 530.4
S 2.5(rH).25 G(elbekkmo, Norwe)173.16 530.4 Q(gian School of Economics)-.15 E
(Allan E. Johannesen, WPI)127 542.4 Q -.8(Ta)127 554.4 S
(kahiro Kanbe, FujiXerox).8 E(Brian Kantor)127 566.4 Q 2.5(,U)-.4 G(ni)191.31
566.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity of California, San Die).15 E(go)-.15 E
(Bruce Lilly)127 578.4 Q 2.5(,S)-.65 G(on)182.74 578.4 Q 2.5(yU)-.15 G(.S.)
207.31 578.4 Q(Nakamura Motonori, K)127 590.4 Q(yoto Uni)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
(rsity).15 E(John Gardiner Myers, Carne)127 602.4 Q(gie Mellon Uni)-.15 E -.15
(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(Neil Rick)127 614.4 Q(ert, Northern Illinois Uni)-.1 E
-.15(ve)-.25 G(rsity).15 E(Eric W)127 626.4 Q(assenaar)-.8 E 2.5(,N)-.4 G
(ational Institute for Nuclear and High Ener)200.49 626.4 Q(gy Ph)-.18 E
(ysics, Amsterdam)-.05 E(Christophe W)127 638.4 Q(olfhugel, Herv)-.8 E 2.5(eS)
-.15 G(chauer Consultants \(P)252.7 638.4 Q(aris\))-.15 E 2.687(Ia)87 654.6 S
.187(pologize for an)97.457 654.6 R .188(yone I ha)-.15 F .488 -.15(ve o)-.2 H
.188(mitted, misspelled, misattrib).15 F .188(uted, or otherwise missed.)-.2 F
(Man)5.188 E 2.688(yo)-.15 G .188(ther peo-)467.992 654.6 R(ple ha)87 666.6 Q
.3 -.15(ve c)-.2 H(ontrib).15 E(uted ideas, comments, and encouragement.)-.2 E
2.5(Ia)5 G(ppreciate their contrib)338.06 666.6 Q(ution as well.)-.2 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX A)257.172 98.4 R(COMMAND LINE FLA)224.832
141.6 Q(GS)-.66 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF(Ar)97 201 Q
(guments must be presented with \215ags before addresses.)-.18 E
(The \215ags are:)5 E<ad62>72 217.2 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(x)A F1
(Set operation mode to)144 217.2 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1 5(.O)C(peration modes are:)
253.71 217.2 Q 12.22(mD)184 233.4 S(eli)211.22 233.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.5(rm)
.15 G(ail \(def)243.87 233.4 Q(ault\))-.1 E 16.11(sS)184 245.4 S
(peak SMTP on input side)209.56 245.4 Q 15(dR)184 257.4 S(un as a daemon)210.67
257.4 Q 17.22(tR)184 269.4 S(un in test mode)210.67 269.4 Q 15(vJ)184 281.4 S
(ust v)207.89 281.4 Q(erify addresses, don')-.15 E 2.5(tc)-.18 G
(ollect or deli)319.48 281.4 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E 17.22(iI)184 293.4 S
(nitialize the alias database)207.33 293.4 Q 15(pP)184 305.4 S
(rint the mail queue)209.56 305.4 Q 15.56(zF)184 317.4 S
(reeze the con\214guration \214le)209.56 317.4 Q<ad42>72 337.8 Q F2(type)A F1
(Indicate body type.)144 337.8 Q<ad43>72 354 Q F2(\214le)A F1 .947(Use a dif)
144 354 R .946(ferent con\214guration \214le.)-.25 F F2(Sendmail)5.946 E F1
.946(runs as the in)3.446 F -.2(vo)-.4 G .946(king user \(rather than root\)).2
F(when this \215ag is speci\214ed.)144 366 Q<ad64>72 382.2 Q F2(le)A(vel)-.15 E
F1(Set deb)144 382.2 Q(ugging le)-.2 E -.15(ve)-.25 G(l.).15 E<ad66>72 398.4 Q
F2(addr)2.5 E F1(The sender')144 398.4 Q 2.5(sm)-.55 G(achine address is)205.1
398.4 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad46>72 414.6 Q F2(name)A F1
(Sets the full name of this user to)144 414.6 Q F2(name)2.5 E F1(.)A<ad68>72
430.8 Q F2(cnt)2.5 E F1 .725(Sets the \231hop count\232 to)144 430.8 R F2(cnt)
3.225 E F1 5.725(.T)C .726
(his represents the number of times this message has been)269.45 430.8 R .02
(processed by)144 442.8 R F2(sendmail)2.52 E F1 .02(\(to the e)2.52 F .02
(xtent that it is supported by the underlying netw)-.15 F(orks\).)-.1 E F2(Cnt)
5.02 E F1 1.521
(is incremented during processing, and if it reaches MAXHOP \(currently 30\))
144 454.8 R F2(sendmail)4.021 E F1(thro)144 466.8 Q(ws a)-.25 E -.1(wa)-.15 G
2.5(yt).1 G(he message with an error)199.6 466.8 Q(.)-.55 E 58.86(\255n Don')72
483 R 2.5(td)-.18 G 2.5(oa)174.65 483 S(liasing or forw)186.59 483 Q(arding.)
-.1 E<ad72>72 499.2 Q F2(addr)2.5 E F1(An obsolete form of)144 499.2 Q/F3 10
/Times-Bold@0 SF<ad66>2.5 E F1(.)A<ad6f>72 515.4 Q F2 1.666(xv)C(alue)-1.666 E
F1(Set option)144 515.4 Q F2(x)2.5 E F1(to the speci\214ed)2.5 E F2(value)2.5 E
F1 5(.T)C(hese options are described in Appendix B.)292.6 515.4 Q<ad70>72 531.6
Q F2(pr)A(otocol)-.45 E F1 .401(Set the sending protocol.)144 531.6 R .401
(Programs are encouraged to set this.)5.401 F .4(The protocol \214eld can be)
5.401 F .114(in the form)144 543.6 R F2(pr)2.614 E(otocol)-.45 E F3(:)A F2
(host)A F1 .114(to set both the sending protocol and sending host.)2.614 F -.15
(Fo)5.115 G 2.615(re).15 G(xample,)472.06 543.6 Q 2.147(\231\255pUUCP:uunet\
\232 sets the sending protocol to UUCP and the sending host to uunet.)144 555.6
R .973(\(Some e)144 567.6 R .974
(xisting programs use \255oM to set the r and s macros; this is equi)-.15 F
-.25(va)-.25 G .974(lent to using).25 F(\255p.\))144 579.6 Q<ad71>72 595.8 Q F2
(time)A F1 -.35(Tr)144 595.8 S 3.168(yt).35 G 3.167(op)164.038 595.8 S .667
(rocess the queued up mail.)177.205 595.8 R .667(If the time is gi)5.667 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G .667(n, a sendmail will run through the).15 F
(queue at the speci\214ed interv)144 607.8 Q(al to deli)-.25 E -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(rq).15 G(ueued mail; otherwise, it only runs once.)310.82 607.8 Q<ad71>72
624 Q F2(Xstring)A F1 .312
(Run the queue once, limiting the jobs to those matching)144 624 R F2(Xstring)
2.813 E F1 5.313(.T)C .313(he k)416.325 624 R .613 -.15(ey l)-.1 H(etter).15 E
F2(X)2.813 E F1 .313(can be)2.813 F F3(I)144 636 Q F1 .671
(to limit based on queue identi\214er)3.171 F(,)-.4 E F3(R)3.171 E F1 .67
(to limit based on recipient, or)3.171 F F3(S)3.17 E F1 .67(to limit based on)
3.17 F(sender)144 648 Q 6.053(.A)-.55 G 1.054
(particular queued job is accepted if one of the corresponding addresses con-)
188.876 648 R(tains the indicated)144 660 Q F2(string)2.5 E F1(.)A 61.08
(\255t Read)72 676.2 R .752(the header for \231T)3.252 F .752
(o:\232, \231Cc:\232, and \231Bcc:\232 lines, and send to e)-.8 F -.15(ve)-.25
G .752(ryone listed in those).15 F 2.539(lists. The)144 688.2 R .039
(\231Bcc:\232 line will be deleted before sending.)2.539 F(An)5.039 E 2.539(ya)
-.15 G .04(ddresses in the ar)385.31 688.2 R .04(gument v)-.18 F(ec-)-.15 E
(tor will be deleted from the send list.)144 700.2 Q F3 193.36
(SMM:08-56 Sendmail)72 756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-57)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF<ad58>72 96 Q/F2 10/Times-Italic@0
SF(lo)3.18 E(g\214le)-.1 E F1 .68(Log all traf)144.68 96 R .679
(\214c in and out of sendmail in the indicated)-.25 F F2(lo)3.179 E(g\214le)-.1
E F1 .679(for deb)3.179 F .679(ugging mailer prob-)-.2 F 2.5(lems. This)144 108
R(produces a lot of data v)2.5 E(ery quickly and should be used sparingly)-.15
E(.)-.65 E 1.118
(There are a number of options that may be speci\214ed as primiti)97 124.2 R
1.418 -.15(ve \215)-.25 H 1.118(ags \(pro).15 F 1.118(vided for compatibility)
-.15 F(with)72 136.2 Q F2(delivermail)2.5 E F1 2.5(\). These)B
(are the e, i, m, and v options.)2.5 E
(Also, the f option may be speci\214ed as the)5 E F0<ad73>2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5
E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX B)250.002 98.4 R -.12(QU)220.29 141.6 S
(EUE FILE FORMA).12 E(TS)-1.14 E/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF .292
(This appendix describes the format of the queue \214les.)97 201 R .292
(These \214les li)5.292 F .592 -.15(ve i)-.25 H 2.792(nt).15 G .291
(he directory de\214ned by the)395.636 201 R/F2 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Q)72 213 Q
F1(option in the)2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail.cf)2.5 E F1
(\214le, usually)2.5 E F3(/var/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(or)2.5 E F3
(/usr/spool/mqueue)2.5 E F1(.)A .229(All queue \214les ha)97 229.2 R .529 -.15
(ve t)-.2 H .229(he name).15 F F3(x)2.729 E F2(f)1.666 E F3(AAA99999)A F1
(where)2.73 E F3(AAA99999)2.73 E F1 .23(is the)2.73 F F3(id)2.73 E F1 .23
(for this message and the)2.73 F F3(x)2.73 E F1 .23(is a)2.73 F 3.601
(type. The)72 241.2 R 1.101
(\214rst letter of the id encodes the hour of the day that the message w)3.601
F 1.101(as recei)-.1 F -.15(ve)-.25 G 3.601(db).15 G 3.601(yt)451.798 241.2 S
1.101(he system)463.179 241.2 R .551
(\(with A being the hour between midnight and 1:00AM\).)72 253.2 R .552
(All \214les with the same id collecti)5.552 F -.15(ve)-.25 G .552
(ly de\214ne one).15 F(message.)72 265.2 Q(The types are:)97 281.4 Q 31(dT)72
297.6 S(he data \214le.)114.11 297.6 Q(The message body \(e)5 E
(xcluding the header\) is k)-.15 E(ept in this \214le.)-.1 E 33.22(lT)72 313.8
S .312(he lock \214le.)114.11 313.8 R .312(If this \214le e)5.312 F .311
(xists, the job is currently being processed, and a queue run will not pro-)
-.15 F .523(cess the \214le.)108 325.8 R -.15(Fo)5.524 G 3.024(rt).15 G .524
(hat reason, an e)183.274 325.8 R(xtraneous)-.15 E F2(lf)3.024 E F1 .524
(\214le can cause a job to apparently disappear \(it will)3.024 F .285(not e)
108 337.8 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.785(nt).15 G .284(ime out!\).)147.61 337.8 R
([Actually)5.284 E 2.784(,t)-.65 G .284
(his \214le is obsolete on most systems that support the)237.802 337.8 R F2
(\215ock)2.784 E F1(or)2.784 E F2(lockf)2.784 E F1(system calls.])108 349.8 Q
31(nT)72 366 S .348(his \214le is created when an id is being created.)114.11
366 R .348(It is a separate \214le to insure that no mail can e)5.348 F -.15
(ve)-.25 G(r).15 E .805(be destro)108 378 R .805(yed due to a race condition.)
-.1 F .805(It should e)5.805 F .805(xist for no more than a fe)-.15 F 3.305(wm)
-.25 G .805(illiseconds at an)433.1 378 R(y)-.15 E(gi)108 390 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
2.5(nt).15 G 2.5(ime. [This)135.1 390 R(is only used on old v)2.5 E
(ersions of sendmail; it is not used on ne)-.15 E(wer v)-.25 E(ersions.])-.15 E
31(qT)72 406.2 S(he queue control \214le.)114.11 406.2 Q
(This \214le contains the information necessary to process the job)5 E(.)-.4 E
33.22(tA)72 422.4 S .344(temporary \214le.)118.064 422.4 R .344
(These are an image of the)5.344 F F2(qf)2.844 E F1 .344
(\214le when it is being reb)2.844 F 2.845(uilt. It)-.2 F .345
(should be renamed)2.845 F(to a)108 434.4 Q F2(qf)2.5 E F1(\214le v)2.5 E
(ery quickly)-.15 E(.)-.65 E 31(xA)72 450.6 S .567(transcript \214le, e)118.287
450.6 R .567(xisting during the life of a session sho)-.15 F .566(wing e)-.25 F
-.15(ve)-.25 G .566(rything that happens during that).15 F(session.)108 462.6 Q
(The)97 478.8 Q F2(qf)3.333 E F1 .833
(\214le is structured as a series of lines each be)3.333 F .834
(ginning with a code letter)-.15 F 5.834(.T)-.55 G .834(he lines are as fol-)
427.354 478.8 R(lo)72 490.8 Q(ws:)-.25 E 28.78(DT)72 507 S
(he name of the data \214le.)114.11 507 Q
(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E 28.78(HA)72 523.2 S .33
(header de\214nition.)118.05 523.2 R .33(There may be an)5.33 F 2.829(yn)-.15 G
.329(umber of these lines.)274.289 523.2 R .329(The order is important: the)
5.329 F 2.829(yr)-.15 G(epre-)483.46 523.2 Q .046
(sent the order in the \214nal message.)108 535.2 R .046
(These use the same syntax as header de\214nitions in the con\214gu-)5.046 F
(ration \214le.)108 547.2 Q 29.33(CT)72 563.4 S .575(he controlling address.)
114.11 563.4 R .575(The syntax is \231localuser:aliasname\232.)5.575 F .575
(Recipient addresses follo)5.575 F .575(wing this)-.25 F 2.814
(line will be \215agged so that deli)108 575.4 R -.15(ve)-.25 G 2.814
(ries will be run as the).15 F F3(localuser)5.314 E F1 2.814
(\(a user name from the)5.314 F .562(/etc/passwd \214le\);)108 587.4 R F3
(aliasname)3.062 E F1 .561(is the name of the alias that e)3.062 F .561
(xpanded to this address \(used for print-)-.15 F(ing messages\).)108 599.4 Q
29.33(RA)72 615.6 S .705(recipient address.)118.425 615.6 R .705
(This will normally be completely aliased, b)5.705 F .705
(ut is actually realiased when the)-.2 F(job is processed.)108 627.6 Q
(There will be one line for each recipient.)5 E 30.44(ST)72 643.8 S
(he sender address.)114.11 643.8 Q(There may only be one of these lines.)5 E
29.89(EA)72 660 S 3.742(ne)115.22 660 S 1.242(rror address.)128.402 660 R 1.242
(If an)6.242 F 3.742(ys)-.15 G 1.241(uch lines e)218.19 660 R 1.241(xist, the)
-.15 F 3.741(yr)-.15 G 1.241(epresent the addresses that should recei)308.124
660 R 1.541 -.15(ve e)-.25 H(rror).15 E(messages.)108 672 Q 29.89(TT)72 688.2 S
(he job creation time.)114.11 688.2 Q
(This is used to compute when to time out the job)5 E(.)-.4 E 30.44(PT)72 704.4
S .113(he current message priority)114.11 704.4 R 5.113(.T)-.65 G .113
(his is used to order the queue.)236.662 704.4 R .114(Higher numbers mean lo)
5.114 F .114(wer priori-)-.25 F 3.677(ties. The)108 716.4 R 1.176
(priority changes as the message sits in the queue.)3.677 F 1.176
(The initial priority depends on the)6.176 F F2 193.36(SMM:08-58 Sendmail)72
756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(Sendmail Installation and Operation Guide)72 60 Q
(SMM:08-59)452.9 60 Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF
(message class and the size of the message.)108 96 Q 27.11(MA)72 112.2 S 2.703
(message. This)117.923 112.2 R .203(line is printed by the)2.703 F/F2 10
/Times-Italic@0 SF(mailq)2.703 E F1 .204
(command, and is generally used to store status infor)2.704 F(-)-.2 E 2.5
(mation. It)108 124.2 R(can contain an)2.5 E 2.5(yt)-.15 G -.15(ex)219.78 124.2
S(t.).15 E 30.44(FF)72 140.4 S .044
(lag bits, represented as one letter per \215ag.)113.56 140.4 R .043
(De\214ned \215ag bits are)5.043 F F0(r)2.543 E F1 .043
(indicating that this is a response)2.543 F .142(message and)108 152.4 R F0(w)
2.642 E F1 .142(indicating that a w)2.642 F .143
(arning message has been sent announcing that the mail has been)-.1 F(delayed.)
108 164.4 Q 31($A)72 180.6 S .83(macro de\214nition.)118.55 180.6 R .83(The v)
5.83 F .829(alues of certain macros \(as of this writing, only)-.25 F F0($r)
3.329 E F1(and)3.329 E F0($s)3.329 E F1 3.329(\)a)C .829(re passed)466.241
180.6 R(through to the queue run phase.)108 192.6 Q 29.33(BT)72 208.8 S .924
(he body type.)114.11 208.8 R .925(The remainder of the line is a te)5.924 F
.925(xt string de\214ning the body type.)-.15 F .925(If this \214eld is)5.925 F
.009(missing, the body type is assumed to be \231unde\214ned\232 and no specia\
l processing is attempted.)108 220.8 R(Le)5.008 E -.05(ga)-.15 G(l).05 E -.25
(va)108 232.8 S(lues are \2317BIT\232 and \2318BITMIME\232.).25 E 4.072
(As an e)97 249 R 4.072(xample, the follo)-.15 F 4.073
(wing is a queue \214le sent to \231eric@mammoth.Berk)-.25 F(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)
-.15 G 4.073(EDU\232 and).65 F(\231bostic@ok)72 263 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25
E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU\232).65 E/F3 7/Times-Roman@0 SF(1)219.09 259 Q
F1(:)222.59 263 Q(P835771)112 279.2 Q(T404261372)112 291.2 Q(DdfAAA13557)112
303.2 Q(Seric)112 315.2 Q(Eo)112 327.2 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)-.2 E
(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Ceric:sendmail@v)112
339.2 Q(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
(Reric@mammoth.Berk)112 351.2 Q(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E(Rbostic@ok)
112 363.2 Q(eef)-.1 E(fe.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU).65 E
(H?P?return-path: <o)112 375.2 Q(wner)-.25 E(-sendmail@v)-.2 E(angogh.CS.Berk)
-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU>).65 E(Hrecei)112 387.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G
(d: by v).15 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU \(5.108/2.7\) id AAA06703;).65 E(Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:55 -0700)132 399.2 Q
(Hrecei)112 411.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from mail.CS.Berk).15 E(ele)-.1 E -.65
(y.)-.15 G(EDU by v).65 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G
(EDU \(5.108/2.7\)).65 E(id AAA06698; Fri, 17 Jul 92 00:28:54 -0700)132 423.2 Q
(Hrecei)112 435.2 Q -.15(ve)-.25 G(d: from [128.32.31.21] by mail.CS.Berk).15 E
(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU \(5.96/2.5\)).65 E
(id AA22777; Fri, 17 Jul 92 03:29:14 -0400)132 447.2 Q(Hrecei)112 459.2 Q -.15
(ve)-.25 G(d: by foo.bar).15 E(.baz.de \(5.57/Ultrix3.0-C\))-.55 E
(id AA22757; Fri, 17 Jul 92 09:31:25 GMT)132 471.2 Q(H?F?from: eric@foo.bar)112
483.2 Q(.baz.de \(Eric Allman\))-.55 E(H?x?full-name: Eric Allman)112 495.2 Q
(Hmessage-id: <9207170931.AA22757@foo.bar)112 507.2 Q(.baz.de>)-.55 E(HT)112
519.2 Q(o: sendmail@v)-.8 E(angogh.CS.Berk)-.25 E(ele)-.1 E -.65(y.)-.15 G(EDU)
.65 E(Hsubject: this is an e)112 531.2 Q(xample message)-.15 E 1.083(This sho)
72 547.4 R 1.084(ws the name of the data \214le, the person who sent the messa\
ge, the submission time \(in seconds)-.25 F .26
(since January 1, 1970\), the message priority)72 559.4 R 2.76(,t)-.65 G .259
(he message class, the recipients, and the headers for the mes-)257.03 559.4 R
(sage.)72 571.4 Q .32 LW 76 669.2 72 669.2 DL 80 669.2 76 669.2 DL 84 669.2 80
669.2 DL 88 669.2 84 669.2 DL 92 669.2 88 669.2 DL 96 669.2 92 669.2 DL 100
669.2 96 669.2 DL 104 669.2 100 669.2 DL 108 669.2 104 669.2 DL 112 669.2 108
669.2 DL 116 669.2 112 669.2 DL 120 669.2 116 669.2 DL 124 669.2 120 669.2 DL
128 669.2 124 669.2 DL 132 669.2 128 669.2 DL 136 669.2 132 669.2 DL 140 669.2
136 669.2 DL 144 669.2 140 669.2 DL 148 669.2 144 669.2 DL 152 669.2 148 669.2
DL 156 669.2 152 669.2 DL 160 669.2 156 669.2 DL 164 669.2 160 669.2 DL 168
669.2 164 669.2 DL 172 669.2 168 669.2 DL 176 669.2 172 669.2 DL 180 669.2 176
669.2 DL 184 669.2 180 669.2 DL 188 669.2 184 669.2 DL 192 669.2 188 669.2 DL
196 669.2 192 669.2 DL 200 669.2 196 669.2 DL 204 669.2 200 669.2 DL 208 669.2
204 669.2 DL 212 669.2 208 669.2 DL 216 669.2 212 669.2 DL/F4 5/Times-Roman@0
SF(1)93.6 679.6 Q/F5 8/Times-Roman@0 SF .719(This e)3.2 J .719
(xample is contri)-.12 F -.12(ve)-.2 G 2.719(da).12 G .719
(nd probably inaccurate for your en)186.968 682.8 R 2.719(vironment. Glance)
-.32 F -.12(ove)2.718 G 2.718(ri).12 G 2.718(tt)384.998 682.8 S 2.718(og)
392.164 682.8 S .718(et an idea; nothing can replace)402.882 682.8 R
(looking at what your o)72 692.4 Q(wn system generates.)-.2 E EP
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/F0 12/Times-Bold@0 SF 3(APPENDIX C)249.672 98.4 R(SUMMAR)198.282 141.6 Q 3(YO)
-.42 G 3(FS)274.182 141.6 S(UPPOR)291.186 141.6 Q 3(TF)-.48 G(ILES)350.37 141.6
Q/F1 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 1.519(This is a summary of the support \214les that)97
201 R/F2 10/Times-Italic@0 SF(sendmail)4.019 E F1 1.52(creates or generates.)
4.019 F(Man)6.52 E 4.02(yo)-.15 G 4.02(ft)444.74 201 S 1.52(hese can be)454.87
201 R(changed by editing the sendmail.cf \214le; check there to \214nd the act\
ual pathnames.)72 213 Q(/usr/sbin/sendmail)72 229.2 Q(The binary of)144 241.2 Q
F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(.)A(/usr/bin/ne)72 257.4 Q -.1(wa)-.25 G(liases).1 E 3.735
(Al)144 269.4 S 1.235
(ink to /usr/sbin/sendmail; causes the alias database to be reb)157.735 269.4 R
3.734(uilt. Running)-.2 F 1.234(this pro-)3.734 F(gram is completely equi)144
281.4 Q -.25(va)-.25 G(lent to gi).25 E(ving)-.25 E F2(sendmail)2.5 E F1(the)
2.5 E/F3 10/Times-Bold@0 SF(\255bi)2.5 E F1(\215ag.)2.5 E 13.38
(/usr/bin/mailq Prints)72 297.6 R 3.702(al)3.702 G 1.202
(isting of the mail queue.)181.964 297.6 R 1.203(This program is equi)6.202 F
-.25(va)-.25 G 1.203(lent to using the).25 F F3(\255bp)3.703 E F1 1.203
(\215ag to)3.703 F F2(sendmail)144 309.6 Q F1(.)A 5.9(/etc/sendmail.cf The)72
325.8 R(con\214guration \214le, in te)2.5 E(xtual form.)-.15 E 5.9
(/etc/sendmail.fc The)72 342 R
(con\214guration \214le represented as a memory image.)2.5 E
(/usr/lib/sendmail.hf)72 358.2 Q(The SMTP help \214le.)144 370.2 Q 7
(/etc/sendmail.st A)72 386.4 R(statistics \214le; need not be present.)2.5 E
.89(/etc/sendmail.pid Created)72 402.6 R .318
(in daemon mode; it contains the process id of the current SMTP daemon.)2.818 F
.318(If you)5.318 F .337(use this in scripts; use `)144 414.6 R .337
(`head \2551')-.74 F 2.838('t)-.74 G 2.838(og)285.78 414.6 S .338
(et just the \214rst line; later v)298.618 414.6 R .338(ersions of)-.15 F F2
(sendmail)2.838 E F1(may)2.838 E(add information to subsequent lines.)144 426.6
Q 25.62(/etc/aliases The)72 442.8 R(te)2.5 E(xtual v)-.15 E
(ersion of the alias \214le.)-.15 E(/etc/aliases.{pag,dir})72 459 Q
(The alias \214le in)144 471 Q F2(dbm)2.5 E F1(\(3\) format.)1.666 E(/v)72
487.2 Q(ar/spool/mqueue)-.25 E
(The directory in which the mail queue and temporary \214les reside.)144 499.2
Q(/v)72 515.4 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/qf*)-.25 E
(Control \(queue\) \214les for messages.)144 527.4 Q(/v)72 543.6 Q
(ar/spool/mqueue/df*)-.25 E(Data \214les.)144 555.6 Q(/v)72 571.8 Q
(ar/spool/mqueue/tf*)-.25 E -.7(Te)144 583.8 S(mporary v).7 E
(ersions of the qf \214les, used during queue \214le reb)-.15 E(uild.)-.2 E(/v)
72 600 Q(ar/spool/mqueue/xf*)-.25 E 2.5(At)144 612 S
(ranscript of the current session.)156.5 612 Q F3 193.36(SMM:08-60 Sendmail)72
756 R(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E EP
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/F0 10/Times-Bold@0 SF 198.36(SMM:08-2 Sendmail)72 60 R
(Installation and Operation Guide)2.5 E/F1 12/Times-Roman@0 SF -1.116(TA)
263.226 98.4 S(BLE OF CONTENTS)1.116 E/F2 10/Times-Roman@0 SF 2.5(1. B)72 124.8
R(ASIC INST)-.35 E(ALLA)-.93 E 1.18(TION .....................................\
..........................................................................)
-1.11 F(5)499 124.8 Q 2.5(1.1. Compiling)87 139.2 R .43(Sendmail .............\
..............................................................................\
...................)2.5 F(5)499 139.2 Q 2.5(1.1.1. Old)102 153.6 R -.15(ve)2.5
G(rsions of mak).15 E 2.93(e.)-.1 G 28.5(.....................................\
.............................................................. 5)220.5 153.6 R
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