minor changes + typos

[unix-history] / usr / src / sbin / route / route.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989 The Regents of the University of California.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * %sccs.include.redist.c%
 */

#ifndef lint
char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1983 The Regents of the University of California.\n\
 All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */

#ifndef lint
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)route.c	5.29 (Berkeley) %G%";
#endif /* not lint */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/mbuf.h>
#include <sys/kinfo.h>

#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/if_dl.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <netns/ns.h>
#include <netiso/iso.h>

#include <netdb.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <paths.h>

struct keytab {
	char	*kt_cp;
	int	kt_i;
} keywords[] = {
#include "keywords.h"
{0, 0}
};

struct	ortentry route;
union	sockunion {
	struct	sockaddr sa;
	struct	sockaddr_in sin;
	struct	sockaddr_ns sns;
	struct	sockaddr_iso siso;
	struct	sockaddr_dl sdl;
} so_dst, so_gate, so_mask, so_genmask, so_ifa, so_ifp, *so_addrs[] =
{ &so_dst, &so_gate, &so_mask, &so_genmask, &so_ifp, &so_ifa, 0}; 
typedef union sockunion *sup;
int	pid, rtm_addrs;
int	s;
int	forcehost, forcenet, doflush, nflag, af, qflag, Cflag, keyword();
int	iflag, verbose, aflen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_in);
int	locking, lockrest, debugonly;
struct	sockaddr_in sin = { sizeof(sin), AF_INET };
struct	rt_metrics rt_metrics;
u_long  rtm_inits;
struct	in_addr inet_makeaddr();
char	*malloc(), *routename(), *netname();
extern	char *iso_ntoa(), *link_ntoa();

usage(cp)
char *cp;
{
	fprintf(stderr,
	    "usage: route [ -nqCv ]  cmd [[ -<qualifers> ] args ]\n");
	if (cp) fprintf(stderr, "(botched keyword: %s)\n", cp);

	exit(1);
}

main(argc, argv)
	int argc;
	char *argv[];
{

	char *argvp;
	if (argc < 2)
		usage((char *)0);
	argc--, argv++;
	for (; argc >  0 && argv[0][0] == '-'; argc--, argv++) {
		for (argvp = argv[0]++; *argvp; argvp++)
			switch (*argv[0]) {
			case 'n':
				nflag++;
				break;
			case 'q':
				qflag++;
				break;
			case 'C':
				Cflag++; /* Use old ioctls */
				break;
			case 'v':
				verbose++;
			}
	}
	pid = getpid();
	if (Cflag)
		s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, 0);
	else
		s = socket(PF_ROUTE, SOCK_RAW, 0);
	if (s < 0) {
		perror("route: socket");
		exit(1);
	}
	if (argc > 0) switch (keyword(*argv)) {
		case K_GET:
		case K_ADD:
		case K_CHANGE:
		case K_DELETE:
			newroute(argc, argv);
		case K_MONITOR:
			monitor();
		case K_FLUSH:
			flushroutes(argc, argv);
	}
	usage(*argv);
}

/*
 * Purge all entries in the routing tables not
 * associated with network interfaces.
 */
flushroutes(argc, argv)
char *argv[];
{
	int bufsize, needed, seqno, rlen;
	char *buf, *next, *lim;
	register struct rt_msghdr *rtm;

	shutdown(s, 0); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
	if (argc > 1) {
		argv++;
		if (argc == 2 && **argv == '-') switch (keyword(1 + *argv)) {
			case K_INET:	af = AF_INET;	break;
			case K_XNS:	af = AF_NS;	break;
			case K_LINK:	af = AF_LINK;	break;
			case K_ISO: case K_OSI:	af = AF_ISO; break;
			default: goto bad;
		} else
			bad: usage(*argv);
	}
	if ((needed = getkerninfo(KINFO_RT_DUMP, 0, 0, 0)) < 0)
		{ perror("route-getkerninfo-estimate"); exit(1);}
	if ((buf = malloc(needed)) == 0)
		{ printf("out of space\n");; exit(1);}
	if ((rlen = getkerninfo(KINFO_RT_DUMP, buf, &needed, 0)) < 0)
		{ perror("actual retrieval of routing table"); exit(1);}
	lim = buf + rlen;
	for (next = buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
		rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
		if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_GATEWAY) == 0)
			continue;
		if (af) {
			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
			if (sa->sa_family != af)
				continue;
		}
		rtm->rtm_type = RTM_DELETE;
		rtm->rtm_seq = seqno;
		rlen = write(s, next, rtm->rtm_msglen);
		if (rlen < (int)rtm->rtm_msglen) {
			perror("writing to routing socket");
			printf("got only %d for rlen\n", rlen);
			break;
		}
		seqno++;
		if (qflag)
			continue;
		if (verbose) {
			print_rtmsg(rtm, rlen);
		} else {
			struct sockaddr *sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
			printf("%-20.20s ", (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_HOST) ?
			    routename(sa) : netname(sa));
			sa = (struct sockaddr *)(sa->sa_len + (char *)sa);
			printf("%-20.20s ", routename(sa));
			printf("done\n");
		}
	}
	exit(0);
}
	
char *
routename(sa)
	struct sockaddr *sa;
{
	register char *cp;
	static char line[50];
	struct hostent *hp;
	static char domain[MAXHOSTNAMELEN + 1];
	static int first = 1;
	char *index();
	char *ns_print();

	if (first) {
		first = 0;
		if (gethostname(domain, MAXHOSTNAMELEN) == 0 &&
		    (cp = index(domain, '.')))
			(void) strcpy(domain, cp + 1);
		else
			domain[0] = 0;
	}
	switch (sa->sa_family) {

	case AF_INET:
	    {	struct in_addr in;
		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;

		cp = 0;
		if (in.s_addr == INADDR_ANY)
			cp = "default";
		if (cp == 0 && !nflag) {
			hp = gethostbyaddr(&in, sizeof (struct in_addr),
				AF_INET);
			if (hp) {
				if ((cp = index(hp->h_name, '.')) &&
				    !strcmp(cp + 1, domain))
					*cp = 0;
				cp = hp->h_name;
			}
		}
		if (cp)
			strcpy(line, cp);
		else {
#define C(x)	((x) & 0xff)
			in.s_addr = ntohl(in.s_addr);
			(void)sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
			   C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8), C(in.s_addr));
		}
		break;
	    }

	case AF_NS:
		return (ns_print((struct sockaddr_ns *)sa));

	case AF_LINK:
		return (link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa));

	case AF_ISO:
		(void) sprintf(line, "iso %s",
		    iso_ntoa(&((struct sockaddr_iso *)sa)->siso_addr));
		break;

	default:
	    {	u_short *s = (u_short *)sa->sa_data;
		u_short *slim = s + ((sa->sa_len + 1)>>1);
		char *cp = line + sprintf(line, "(%d)", sa->sa_family);
		int n;

		while (s < slim) {
			n = sprintf(cp, " %x", *s);
			s++; cp += n;
		}
		break;
	    }
	}
	return (line);
}

/*
 * Return the name of the network whose address is given.
 * The address is assumed to be that of a net or subnet, not a host.
 */
char *
netname(sa)
	struct sockaddr *sa;
{
	char *cp = 0;
	static char line[50];
	struct netent *np = 0;
	u_long net, mask;
	register u_long i;
	int subnetshift;
	char *ns_print();

	switch (sa->sa_family) {

	case AF_INET:
	    {	struct in_addr in;
		in = ((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr;

		i = in.s_addr = ntohl(in.s_addr);
		if (in.s_addr == 0)
			cp = "default";
		else if (!nflag) {
			if (IN_CLASSA(i)) {
				mask = IN_CLASSA_NET;
				subnetshift = 8;
			} else if (IN_CLASSB(i)) {
				mask = IN_CLASSB_NET;
				subnetshift = 8;
			} else {
				mask = IN_CLASSC_NET;
				subnetshift = 4;
			}
			/*
			 * If there are more bits than the standard mask
			 * would suggest, subnets must be in use.
			 * Guess at the subnet mask, assuming reasonable
			 * width subnet fields.
			 */
			while (in.s_addr &~ mask)
				mask = (long)mask >> subnetshift;
			net = in.s_addr & mask;
			while ((mask & 1) == 0)
				mask >>= 1, net >>= 1;
			np = getnetbyaddr(net, AF_INET);
			if (np)
				cp = np->n_name;
		}
		if (cp)
			strcpy(line, cp);
		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffffff) == 0)
			(void)sprintf(line, "%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24));
		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xffff) == 0)
			(void)sprintf(line, "%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
			    C(in.s_addr >> 16));
		else if ((in.s_addr & 0xff) == 0)
			(void)sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8));
		else
			(void)sprintf(line, "%u.%u.%u.%u", C(in.s_addr >> 24),
			    C(in.s_addr >> 16), C(in.s_addr >> 8),
			    C(in.s_addr));
		break;
	    }

	case AF_NS:
		return (ns_print((struct sockaddr_ns *)sa));
		break;

	case AF_LINK:
		return (link_ntoa((struct sockaddr_dl *)sa));

	case AF_ISO:
		(void) sprintf(line, "iso %s",
		    iso_ntoa(&((struct sockaddr_iso *)sa)->siso_addr));
		break;

	default:
	    {	u_short *s = (u_short *)sa->sa_data;
		u_short *slim = s + ((sa->sa_len + 1)>>1);
		char *cp = line + sprintf(line, "af %d:", sa->sa_family);
		int n;

		while (s < slim) {
			n = sprintf(cp, " %x", *s);
			s++; cp += n;
		}
		break;
	    }
	}
	return (line);
}

set_metric(value, key)
char *value;
{
	int flag = 0; 
	u_long noval, *valp = &noval;

	switch (key) {
#define caseof(x, y, z)	case x: valp = &rt_metrics.z; flag = y; break
	caseof(K_MTU, RTV_MTU, rmx_mtu);
	caseof(K_HOPCOUNT, RTV_HOPCOUNT, rmx_hopcount);
	caseof(K_EXPIRE, RTV_EXPIRE, rmx_expire);
	caseof(K_RECVPIPE, RTV_RPIPE, rmx_recvpipe);
	caseof(K_SENDPIPE, RTV_SPIPE, rmx_sendpipe);
	caseof(K_SSTHRESH, RTV_SSTHRESH, rmx_ssthresh);
	caseof(K_RTT, RTV_RTT, rmx_rtt);
	caseof(K_RTTVAR, RTV_RTTVAR, rmx_rttvar);
	}
	rtm_inits |= flag;
	if (lockrest || locking)
		rt_metrics.rmx_locks |= flag;
	if (locking)
		locking = 0;
	*valp = atoi(value);
}

newroute(argc, argv)
	int argc;
	register char **argv;
{
	struct sockaddr_in *sin;
	char *cmd, *dest, *gateway, *mask;
	int ishost, metric = 0, ret, attempts, oerrno, flags = 0, next;
	int key;
	struct hostent *hp = 0;
	extern int errno;

	cmd = argv[0];
	if (*cmd != 'g')
		shutdown(s, 0); /* Don't want to read back our messages */
	while (--argc > 0) {
		if (**(++argv)== '-') {
			switch(key = keyword(1 + *argv)) {
			case K_LINK:
				af = AF_LINK;
				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_dl);
				break;
			case K_OSI:
			case K_ISO:
				af = AF_ISO;
				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_iso);
				break;
			case K_INET:
				af = AF_INET;
				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
				break;
			case K_XNS:
				af = AF_NS;
				aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_ns);
				break;
			case K_IFACE:
			case K_INTERFACE:
				iflag++;
				break;
			case K_LOCK:
				locking = 1;
				break;
			case K_LOCKREST:
				lockrest = 1;
				break;
			case K_HOST:
				forcehost++;
				break;
			case K_REJECT:
				flags |= RTF_REJECT;
				break;
			case K_CLONING:
				flags |= RTF_CLONING;
				break;
			case K_XRESOLVE:
				flags |= RTF_XRESOLVE;
				break;
			case K_IFA:
				argc--;
				(void) getaddr(RTA_IFA, *++argv, 0);
				break;
			case K_IFP:
				argc--;
				(void) getaddr(RTA_IFP, *++argv, 0);
				break;
			case K_GENMASK:
				argc--;
				(void) getaddr(RTA_GENMASK, *++argv, 0);
				break;
			case K_GATEWAY:
				argc--;
				(void) getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *++argv, 0);
				break;
			case K_DST:
				argc--;
				ishost = getaddr(RTA_DST, *++argv, &hp);
				dest = *argv;
				break;
			case K_NETMASK:
				argc--;
				(void) getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *++argv, 0);
				/* FALLTHROUGH */
			case K_NET:
				forcenet++;
				break;
			case K_MTU:
			case K_HOPCOUNT:
			case K_EXPIRE:
			case K_RECVPIPE:
			case K_SENDPIPE:
			case K_SSTHRESH:
			case K_RTT:
			case K_RTTVAR:
				argc--;
				set_metric(*++argv, key);
				break;
			default:
				usage(1+*argv);
			}
		} else {
			if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_DST) == 0) {
				dest = *argv;
				ishost = getaddr(RTA_DST, *argv, &hp);
			} else if ((rtm_addrs & RTA_GATEWAY) == 0) {
				gateway = *argv;
				(void) getaddr(RTA_GATEWAY, *argv, &hp);
			} else {
				int ret = atoi(*argv);
				if (ret == 0) {
				    printf("%s,%s", "old usage of trailing 0",
					   "assuming route to if\n");
				    iflag = 1;
				    continue;
				} else if (ret > 0 && ret < 10) {
				    printf("old usage of trailing digit, ");
				    printf("assuming route via gateway\n");
				    iflag = 0;
				    continue;
				}
				(void) getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, *argv, 0);
			}
		}
	}
	if (forcehost)
		ishost = 1;
	if (forcenet)
		ishost = 0;
	flags |= RTF_UP;
	if (ishost)
		flags |= RTF_HOST;
	if (iflag == 0)
		flags |= RTF_GATEWAY;
	for (attempts = 1; ; attempts++) {
		errno = 0;
		if (Cflag && (af == AF_INET || af == AF_NS)) {
			route.rt_flags = flags;
			route.rt_dst = so_dst.sa;
			route.rt_gateway = so_gate.sa;
			if ((ret = ioctl(s, *cmd == 'a' ? SIOCADDRT : SIOCDELRT,
			     (caddr_t)&route)) == 0)
				break;
		} else {
		    if ((ret = rtmsg(*cmd, flags)) == 0)
				break;
		}
		if (errno != ENETUNREACH && errno != ESRCH)
			break;
		if (af == AF_INET && hp && hp->h_addr_list[1]) {
			hp->h_addr_list++;
			bcopy(hp->h_addr_list[0], (caddr_t)&so_dst.sin.sin_addr,
			    hp->h_length);
		} else
			break;
	}
	if (*cmd == 'g')
		exit(0);
	oerrno = errno;
	printf("%s %s %s: gateway %s", cmd, ishost? "host" : "net",
		dest, gateway);
	if (attempts > 1 && ret == 0)
	    printf(" (%s)",
		inet_ntoa(((struct sockaddr_in *)&route.rt_gateway)->sin_addr));
	if (ret == 0)
		printf("\n");
	else {
		printf(": ");
		fflush(stdout);
		errno = oerrno;
		error("");
	}
	exit(0);
}

error(cmd)
	char *cmd;
{
	extern int errno;

	switch(errno) {
	case ESRCH:
		printf("not in table\n");
		break;
	case EBUSY:
		printf("entry in use\n");
		break;
	case ENOBUFS:
		printf("routing table overflow\n");
		break;
	default:
		printf("ioctl returns %d\n", errno);
		perror(cmd);
	}
	fflush(stdout);
	errno = 0;
}

char *
savestr(s)
	char *s;
{
	char *sav;

	sav = malloc(strlen(s) + 1);
	if (sav == NULL) {
		fprintf("route: out of memory\n");
		exit(1);
	}
	strcpy(sav, s);
	return (sav);
}

inet_makenetandmask(net, sin)
u_long net;
register struct sockaddr_in *sin;
{
	u_long addr;
	u_long mask = 0;
	register char *cp;

	rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
	if (net == 0)
		mask = addr = 0;
	else if (net < 128) {
		addr = net << IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT;
		mask = IN_CLASSA_NET;
	} else if (net < 65536) {
		addr = net << IN_CLASSB_NSHIFT;
		mask = IN_CLASSB_NET;
	} else if (net < 16777216L) {
		addr = net << IN_CLASSC_NSHIFT;
		mask = IN_CLASSC_NET;
	} else {
		addr = net;
		if ((addr & IN_CLASSA_HOST) == 0)
			mask =  IN_CLASSA_NET;
		else if ((addr & IN_CLASSB_HOST) == 0)
			mask =  IN_CLASSB_NET;
		else if ((addr & IN_CLASSC_HOST) == 0)
			mask =  IN_CLASSC_NET;
		else
			mask = -1;
	}
	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(addr);
	sin = &so_mask.sin;
	sin->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(mask);
	sin->sin_len = 0;
	sin->sin_family = 0;
	cp = (char *)(1 + &(sin->sin_addr));
	while (*--cp == 0 && cp > (char *)sin)
		;
	sin->sin_len = 1 + cp - (char *)sin;
}

/*
 * Interpret an argument as a network address of some kind,
 * returning 1 if a host address, 0 if a network address.
 */
getaddr(which, s, hpp)
	char *s;
	struct hostent **hpp;
{
	register sup su;
	struct	ns_addr ns_addr();
	struct iso_addr *iso_addr();
	struct hostent *hp;
	struct netent *np;
	u_long val;

	if (af == 0) {
		af = AF_INET;
		aflen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
	}
	rtm_addrs |= which;
	switch (which) {
	case RTA_DST:		su = so_addrs[0]; su->sa.sa_family = af; break;
	case RTA_GATEWAY:	su = so_addrs[1]; su->sa.sa_family = af; break;
	case RTA_NETMASK:	su = so_addrs[2]; break;
	case RTA_GENMASK:	su = so_addrs[3]; break;
	case RTA_IFP:		su = so_addrs[4]; su->sa.sa_family = af; break;
	case RTA_IFA:		su = so_addrs[5]; su->sa.sa_family = af; break;
	default:		usage("Internal Error"); /*NOTREACHED*/
	}
	su->sa.sa_len = aflen;
	if (strcmp(s, "default") == 0) {
		switch (which) {
		case RTA_DST:
			forcenet++;
			getaddr(RTA_NETMASK, s, 0);
			break;
		case RTA_NETMASK:
		case RTA_GENMASK:
			su->sa.sa_len = 0;
		}
		return 0;
	}
	if (af == AF_NS)
		goto do_xns;
	if (af == AF_OSI)
		goto do_osi;
	if (af == AF_LINK)
		goto do_link;
	if (hpp == 0) hpp = &hp;
	*hpp = 0;
	if (((val = inet_addr(s)) != -1) &&
	    (which != RTA_DST || forcenet == 0)) {
		su->sin.sin_addr.s_addr = val;
		if (inet_lnaof(su->sin.sin_addr) != INADDR_ANY)
			return (1);
		else {
			val = ntohl(val);
		out:	if (which == RTA_DST)
				inet_makenetandmask(val, &su->sin);
			return (0);
		}
	}
	val = inet_network(s);
	if (val != -1) {
		goto out;
	}
	np = getnetbyname(s);
	if (np) {
		val = np->n_net;
		goto out;
	}
	hp = gethostbyname(s);
	if (hp) {
		*hpp = hp;
		su->sin.sin_family = hp->h_addrtype;
		bcopy(hp->h_addr, &su->sin.sin_addr, hp->h_length);
		return (1);
	}
	fprintf(stderr, "%s: bad value\n", s);
	exit(1);
do_xns:
	if (val == 0)
		return(0);
	if (which == RTA_DST) {
		extern short ns_bh[3];
		struct sockaddr_ns *sms = &(so_mask.sns);
		bzero((char *)sms, sizeof(*sms));
		sms->sns_family = 0;
		sms->sns_len = 6;
		sms->sns_addr.x_net = *(union ns_net *)ns_bh;
		rtm_addrs |= RTA_NETMASK;
	}
	su->sns.sns_addr = ns_addr(s);
	return (!ns_nullhost(su->sns.sns_addr));
do_osi:
	su->siso.siso_addr = *iso_addr(s);
	if (which == RTA_NETMASK || which == RTA_GENMASK) {
		register char *cp = (char *)TSEL(&su->siso);
		su->siso.siso_nlen = 0;
		do {--cp ;} while ((cp > (char *)su) && (*cp == 0));
		su->siso.siso_len = 1 + cp - (char *)su;
	}
	return (1);
do_link:
	link_addr(s, &su->sdl);
	return (1);
}

short ns_nullh[] = {0,0,0};
short ns_bh[] = {-1,-1,-1};

char *
ns_print(sns)
struct sockaddr_ns *sns;
{
	struct ns_addr work;
	union { union ns_net net_e; u_long long_e; } net;
	u_short port;
	static char mybuf[50], cport[10], chost[25];
	char *host = "";
	register char *p; register u_char *q; u_char *q_lim;

	work = sns->sns_addr;
	port = ntohs(work.x_port);
	work.x_port = 0;
	net.net_e  = work.x_net;
	if (ns_nullhost(work) && net.long_e == 0) {
		if (port ) {
			(void)sprintf(mybuf, "*.%xH", port);
			upHex(mybuf);
		} else
			(void)sprintf(mybuf, "*.*");
		return (mybuf);
	}

	if (bcmp(ns_bh, work.x_host.c_host, 6) == 0) { 
		host = "any";
	} else if (bcmp(ns_nullh, work.x_host.c_host, 6) == 0) {
		host = "*";
	} else {
		q = work.x_host.c_host;
		(void)sprintf(chost, "%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02xH",
			q[0], q[1], q[2], q[3], q[4], q[5]);
		for (p = chost; *p == '0' && p < chost + 12; p++);
		host = p;
	}
	if (port)
		(void)sprintf(cport, ".%xH", htons(port));
	else
		*cport = 0;

	(void)sprintf(mybuf,"%xH.%s%s", ntohl(net.long_e), host, cport);
	upHex(mybuf);
	return(mybuf);
}

upHex(p0)
char *p0;
{
	register char *p = p0;
	for (; *p; p++) switch (*p) {

	case 'a': case 'b': case 'c': case 'd': case 'e': case 'f':
		*p += ('A' - 'a');
	}
}

monitor()
{
	int n;
	char msg[2048];
	verbose = 1;
	for(;;) {
		n = read(s, msg, 2048);
		printf("got message of size %d\n", n);
		print_rtmsg((struct rt_msghdr *)msg);
	}
}

struct {
	struct	rt_msghdr m_rtm;
	char m_space[512];
} m_rtmsg;

rtmsg(cmd, flags)
{
	static int seq;
	int rlen;
	extern int errno;
	register char *cp = m_rtmsg.m_space;
	register int l;

#define ROUND(a) (1 + (((a) - 1) | (sizeof(long) - 1)))
#define NEXTADDR(w, u) { if (rtm_addrs & (w)) {l = (u).sa.sa_len;\
	if(verbose)sodump(&(u),"u");if(l == 0) l = sizeof(int); l = ROUND(l);\
		bcopy((char *)&(u), cp, l); cp += l;}}

	errno = 0;
	bzero((char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
	if (cmd == 'a')
		cmd = RTM_ADD;
	else if (cmd == 'c')
		cmd = RTM_CHANGE;
	else if (cmd == 'g')
		cmd = RTM_GET;
	else
		cmd = RTM_DELETE;
#define rtm m_rtmsg.m_rtm
	rtm.rtm_type = cmd;
	rtm.rtm_flags = flags;
	rtm.rtm_version = RTM_VERSION;
	rtm.rtm_seq = ++seq;
	rtm.rtm_addrs = rtm_addrs;
	rtm.rtm_rmx = rt_metrics;
	rtm.rtm_inits = rtm_inits;

	NEXTADDR(RTA_DST, so_dst);
	NEXTADDR(RTA_GATEWAY, so_gate);
	NEXTADDR(RTA_NETMASK, so_mask);
	NEXTADDR(RTA_GENMASK, so_genmask);
	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFP, so_ifp);
	NEXTADDR(RTA_IFA, so_ifa);
	rtm.rtm_msglen = l = cp - (char *)&m_rtmsg;
	if (verbose)
		print_rtmsg(&rtm, l);
	if (debugonly)
		return 0;
	if ((rlen = write(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, l)) < 0) {
		perror("writing to routing socket");
		return (-1);
	}
	if (cmd == RTM_GET) {
		do {
			l = read(s, (char *)&m_rtmsg, sizeof(m_rtmsg));
		} while (l > 0 && (rtm.rtm_seq != seq || rtm.rtm_pid != pid));
		if (l < 0)
			perror("reading from routing socket");
		else
			print_getmsg(&rtm, l);
	}
#undef rtm
	return (0);
}

char *msgtypes[] = {
"",
"RTM_ADD: Add Route",
"RTM_DELETE: Delete Route",
"RTM_CHANGE: Change Metrics or flags",
"RTM_GET: Report Metrics",
"RTM_LOSING: Kernel Suspects Partitioning",
"RTM_REDIRECT: Told to use different route",
"RTM_MISS: Lookup failed on this address",
"RTM_LOCK: fix specified metrics",
"RTM_OLDADD: caused by SIOCADDRT",
"RTM_OLDDEL: caused by SIOCDELRT",
0, };

char metricnames[] =
"\010rttvar\7rtt\6ssthresh\5sendpipe\4recvpipe\3expire\2hopcount\1mtu";
char routeflags[] = 
"\1UP\2GATEWAY\3HOST\4REJECT\5DYNAMIC\6MODIFIED\7DONE\010MASK_PRESENT\011CLONING\012XRESOLVE";

#define ROUNDUP(a) ((char *)(1 + (((((int)a)) - 1) | (sizeof(long) - 1))))

print_rtmsg(rtm, msglen)
register struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
{
	if (verbose == 0)
		return;
	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
	    printf("routing message version %d not understood\n",
							rtm->rtm_version);
	    return;
	}
	printf("%s\npid: %d, len %d, seq %d, errno %d, flags:",
		msgtypes[rtm->rtm_type], rtm->rtm_pid, rtm->rtm_msglen,
		rtm->rtm_seq, rtm->rtm_errno); 
	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
	pmsg_common(rtm);
}

print_getmsg(rtm, msglen)
register struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
{
	if (rtm->rtm_version != RTM_VERSION) {
		printf("routing message version %d not understood\n",
							    rtm->rtm_version);
		return;
	}
	if (rtm->rtm_msglen != msglen) {
		printf("get length mismatch, in packet %d, returned %d\n",
			rtm->rtm_msglen, msglen);
		return;
	}
	printf("RTM_GET: errno %d, flags:", rtm->rtm_errno); 
	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_flags, routeflags);
	printf("\nmetric values:\n\n");
#define metric(f, e) printf("\t%s:\t%d\n", "f", rtm->rtm_rmx.e)
	metric(RTV_RPIPE, rmx_recvpipe);
	metric(RTV_SPIPE, rmx_sendpipe);
	metric(RTV_SSTHRESH, rmx_ssthresh);
	metric(RTV_RTT, rmx_rtt);
	metric(RTV_RTTVAR, rmx_rttvar);
	metric(RTV_HOPCOUNT, rmx_hopcount);
	metric(RTV_MTU, rmx_mtu);
	metric(RTV_EXPIRE, rmx_expire);
#undef metric
	pmsg_common(rtm);
}

pmsg_common(rtm)
register struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
{
	char *cp;
	register struct sockaddr *sa;
	int i;

	printf("\nlocks: "); bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_rmx.rmx_locks, metricnames);
	printf(" inits: "); bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_inits, metricnames);
	printf("\nsockaddrs: ");
	bprintf(stdout, rtm->rtm_addrs,
	    "\1DST\2GATEWAY\3NETMASK\4GENMASK\5IFP\6IFA\7AUTHOR");
	putchar('\n');
	cp = ((char *)(rtm + 1));
	if (rtm->rtm_addrs)
	    for (i = 1; i; i <<= 1)
		if (i & rtm->rtm_addrs) {
			sa = (struct sockaddr *)cp;
			printf(" %s", routename(sa));
			cp = ROUNDUP(cp + sa->sa_len);
		}
	putchar('\n');
	fflush(stdout);
}

bprintf(fp, b, s)
register FILE *fp;
register int b;
register u_char *s;
{
	register int i;
	int gotsome = 0;

	if (b == 0)
		return;
	while (i = *s++) {
		if (b & (1 << (i-1))) {
			if (gotsome == 0) i = '<'; else i = ',';
			putc(i, fp);
			gotsome = 1;
			for (; (i = *s) > 32; s++)
				putc(i, fp);
		} else
			while (*s > 32)
				s++;
	}
	if (gotsome)
		putc('>', fp);
}
int
keyword(cp)
char *cp;
{
	register struct keytab *kt = keywords;
	while (kt->kt_cp && strcmp(kt->kt_cp, cp))
		kt++;
	return kt->kt_i;
}

sodump(su, which)
register sup su;
char *which;
{
	switch (su->sa.sa_family) {
	case AF_LINK:
		printf("%s: link %s; ", which, link_ntoa(&su->sdl));
		break;
	case AF_ISO:
		printf("%s: iso %s; ", which, iso_ntoa(&su->siso.siso_addr));
		break;
	case AF_INET:
		printf("%s: inet %s; ", which, inet_ntoa(su->sin.sin_addr));
		break;
	case AF_NS:
		printf("%s: xns %s; ", which, ns_ntoa(su->sns.sns_addr));
		break;
	}
	fflush(stdout);
}