[unix-history] / usr / src / usr.bin / last / last.1

.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" %sccs.include.redist.roff%
.\"
.\"     @(#)last.1	6.8 (Berkeley) %G%
.\"
.Dd 
.Dt LAST 1
.Os BSD 4
.Sh NAME
.Nm last
.Nd indicate last logins of users and ttys
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm last
.Op Fl Ns Ar n
.Op Fl f Ar file
.Op Fl h Ar host
.Op Fl t Ar tty
.Op user ...
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.Nm Last
will list the sessions of specified
.Ar users ,
.Ar ttys ,
and
.Ar hosts ,
in reverse time order.  Each line of output contains
the user name, the tty from which the session was conducted, any
hostname, the start and stop times for the session, and the duration
of the session.  If the session is still continuing or was cut short by
a crash or shutdown,
.Nm last
will so indicate.
.Pp
.Bl -tag -width indent-two
.It Fl f Ar file
.Nm Last
reads the file
.Ar file
instead of the default,
.Pa /var/log/wtmp .
.It Fl Ar n
Limits the report to
.Ar n
lines.
.It Fl t Ar tty
Specify the
.Ar tty .
Tty names may be given fully or abbreviated, for example,
.Dq Li "last -t 03"
is
equivalent to
.Dq Li "last -t tty03" .
.It Fl h Ar host
.Ar Host
names may be names or internet numbers.
.El
.Pp
If
multiple arguments are given, the information which applies to any of the
arguments is printed, e.g.,
.Dq Li "last root -t console"
would list all of
.Dq Li root Ns 's
sessions as well as all sessions on the console terminal. If no
users, hostnames or terminals are specified,
.Nm last
prints a record of
all logins and logouts.
.Pp
The pseudo-user
.Ar reboot
logs in at reboots of the system, thus
.Dq Li last reboot
will give an indication of mean time between reboot.
.Pp
If
.Nm last
is interrupted, it indicates to what date the search has
progressed.  If interrupted with a quit signal
.Nm last
indicates how
far the search has progressed and then continues.
.Sh FILES
.Bl -tag -width /var/log/wtmp -compact
.It Pa /var/log/wtmp
login data base
.El
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr lastcomm 1 ,
.Xr utmp 5 ,
.Xr ac 8
.Sh HISTORY
.Nm Last
appeared in
.Bx 3.0 .
Commit	Line	Data
d9d7a9f0	1	.\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
7e45e5fb	2	.\" All rights reserved.
e20828d9	3	.\"
a9b9c8f8	4	.\" %sccs.include.redist.roff%
7e45e5fb	5	.\"
a9b9c8f8	6	.\" @(#)last.1 6.8 (Berkeley) %G%
e20828d9	7	.\"
d9d7a9f0 CL	8	.Dd
	9	.Dt LAST 1
	10	.Os BSD 4
	11	.Sh NAME
	12	.Nm last
	13	.Nd indicate last logins of users and ttys
	14	.Sh SYNOPSIS
	15	.Nm last
a9b9c8f8	16	.Op Fl Ns Ar n
d9d7a9f0 CL	17	.Op Fl f Ar file
	18	.Op Fl h Ar host
	19	.Op Fl t Ar tty
	20	.Op user ...
	21	.Sh DESCRIPTION
	22	.Nm Last
	23	will list the sessions of specified
	24	.Ar users ,
	25	.Ar ttys ,
	26	and
	27	.Ar hosts ,
	28	in reverse time order. Each line of output contains
f619d373 KB	29	the user name, the tty from which the session was conducted, any
	30	hostname, the start and stop times for the session, and the duration
	31	of the session. If the session is still continuing or was cut short by
d9d7a9f0 CL	32	a crash or shutdown,
	33	.Nm last
	34	will so indicate.
	35	.Pp
a9b9c8f8 CL	36	.Bl -tag -width indent-two
a9b9c8f8 CL	37	.It Fl f Ar file
d9d7a9f0 CL	38	.Nm Last
d9d7a9f0 CL	39	reads the file
5325ced3 CL	40	.Ar file
5325ced3 CL	41	instead of the default,
d9d7a9f0	42	.Pa /var/log/wtmp .
a9b9c8f8 CL	43	.It Fl Ar n
	44	Limits the report to
	45	.Ar n
d9d7a9f0	46	lines.
a9b9c8f8	47	.It Fl t Ar tty
d9d7a9f0 CL	48	Specify the
d9d7a9f0 CL	49	.Ar tty .
a9b9c8f8 CL	50	Tty names may be given fully or abbreviated, for example,
	51	.Dq Li "last -t 03"
	52	is
	53	equivalent to
	54	.Dq Li "last -t tty03" .
	55	.It Fl h Ar host
d9d7a9f0 CL	56	.Ar Host
d9d7a9f0 CL	57	names may be names or internet numbers.
a9b9c8f8	58	.El
d9d7a9f0 CL	59	.Pp
d9d7a9f0 CL	60	If
b6ef7299	61	multiple arguments are given, the information which applies to any of the
a9b9c8f8 CL	62	arguments is printed, e.g.,
	63	.Dq Li "last root -t console"
	64	would list all of
	65	.Dq Li root Ns 's
	66	sessions as well as all sessions on the console terminal. If no
d9d7a9f0 CL	67	users, hostnames or terminals are specified,
	68	.Nm last
	69	prints a record of
b6ef7299	70	all logins and logouts.
d9d7a9f0 CL	71	.Pp
	72	The pseudo-user
	73	.Ar reboot
	74	logs in at reboots of the system, thus
a9b9c8f8 CL	75	.Dq Li last reboot
a9b9c8f8 CL	76	will give an indication of mean time between reboot.
d9d7a9f0 CL	77	.Pp
	78	If
	79	.Nm last
	80	is interrupted, it indicates to what date the search has
5325ced3 CL	81	progressed. If interrupted with a quit signal
5325ced3 CL	82	.Nm last
d9d7a9f0	83	indicates how
f619d373	84	far the search has progressed and then continues.
d9d7a9f0	85	.Sh FILES
a9b9c8f8 CL	86	.Bl -tag -width /var/log/wtmp -compact
a9b9c8f8 CL	87	.It Pa /var/log/wtmp
d9d7a9f0	88	login data base
a9b9c8f8	89	.El
d9d7a9f0 CL	90	.Sh SEE ALSO
	91	.Xr lastcomm 1 ,
	92	.Xr utmp 5 ,
	93	.Xr ac 8
	94	.Sh HISTORY
	95	.Nm Last
a9b9c8f8 CL	96	appeared in
a9b9c8f8 CL	97	.Bx 3.0 .