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1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1982 Regents of the University of California. |
2 | .\" All rights reserved. The Berkeley software License Agreement | |
3 | .\" specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution. | |
4 | .\" | |
5 | .\" @(#)1.t 4.1 (Berkeley) %G% | |
6 | .\" | |
7 | .ds RH Introduction | |
8 | .NH | |
9 | Introduction | |
10 | .PP | |
11 | This document reflects the use of | |
12 | .I fsck | |
13 | with the 4.2BSD file system organization. This | |
14 | is a revision of the | |
15 | original paper written by | |
16 | T. J. Kowalski. | |
17 | .PP | |
18 | When a UNIX | |
19 | operating system is brought up, a consistency | |
20 | check of the file systems should always be performed. | |
21 | This precautionary measure helps to insure | |
22 | a reliable environment for file storage on disk. | |
23 | If an inconsistency is discovered, | |
24 | corrective action must be taken. | |
25 | .I Fsck | |
26 | runs in two modes. | |
27 | Normally it is run non-interactively by the system after | |
28 | a normal boot. | |
29 | When running in this mode, | |
30 | it will only make changes to the file system that are known | |
31 | to always be correct. | |
32 | If an unexpected inconsistency is found | |
33 | .I fsck | |
34 | will exit with a non-zero exit status, | |
35 | leaving the system running single-user. | |
36 | Typically the operator then runs | |
37 | .I fsck | |
38 | interactively. | |
39 | When running in this mode, | |
40 | each problem is listed followed by a suggested corrective action. | |
41 | The operator must decide whether or not the suggested correction | |
42 | should be made. | |
43 | .PP | |
44 | The purpose of this memo is to dispel the | |
45 | mystique surrounding | |
46 | file system inconsistencies. | |
47 | It first describes the updating of the file system | |
48 | (the calm before the storm) and | |
49 | then describes file system corruption (the storm). | |
50 | Finally, | |
51 | the set of deterministic corrective actions | |
52 | used by | |
53 | .I fsck | |
54 | (the Coast Guard | |
55 | to the rescue) is presented. | |
56 | .ds RH Overview of the File System | |
57 | .bp |