[unix-history] / usr / src / usr.bin / xargs / xargs.c

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * John B. Roll Jr.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#ifndef lint
char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.\n\
 All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */

#ifndef lint
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)xargs.c	5.11 (Berkeley) 6/19/91";
#endif /* not lint */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include "pathnames.h"

int fflag, tflag;
void err __P((const char *, ...));
void run(), usage();

main(argc, argv)
	int argc;
	char **argv;
{
	extern int optind;
	extern char *optarg;
	register int ch;
	register char *p, *bbp, *ebp, **bxp, **exp, **xp;
	int cnt, indouble, insingle, nargs, nflag, nline, xflag;
	char **av, *argp;

	/*
	 * POSIX.2 limits the exec line length to ARG_MAX - 2K.  Running that
	 * caused some E2BIG errors, so it was changed to ARG_MAX - 4K.  Given
	 * that the smallest argument is 2 bytes in length, this means that
	 * the number of arguments is limited to:
	 *
	 *	 (ARG_MAX - 4K - LENGTH(utility + arguments)) / 2.
	 *
	 * We arbitrarily limit the number of arguments to 5000.  This is
	 * allowed by POSIX.2 as long as the resulting minimum exec line is
	 * at least LINE_MAX.  Realloc'ing as necessary is possible, but
	 * probably not worthwhile.
	 */
	nargs = 5000;
	nline = ARG_MAX - 4 * 1024;
	nflag = xflag = 0;
	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "fn:s:tx")) != EOF)
		switch(ch) {
		case 'f':
			fflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'n':
			nflag = 1;
			if ((nargs = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				err("illegal argument count");
			break;
		case 's':
			nline = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 't':
			tflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'x':
			xflag = 1;
			break;
		case '?':
		default:
			usage();
	}
	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	if (xflag && !nflag)
		usage();

	/*
	 * Allocate pointers for the utility name, the utility arguments,
	 * the maximum arguments to be read from stdin and the trailing
	 * NULL.
	 */
	if (!(av = bxp =
	    malloc((u_int)(1 + argc + nargs + 1) * sizeof(char **))))
		err("%s", strerror(errno));

	/*
	 * Use the user's name for the utility as argv[0], just like the
	 * shell.  Echo is the default.  Set up pointers for the user's
	 * arguments.
	 */
	if (!*argv)
		cnt = strlen(*bxp++ = _PATH_ECHO);
	else {
		cnt = 0;
		do {
			cnt += strlen(*bxp++ = *argv) + 1;
		} while (*++argv);
	}

	/*
	 * Set up begin/end/traversing pointers into the array.  The -n
	 * count doesn't include the trailing NULL pointer, so the malloc
	 * added in an extra slot.
	 */
	exp = (xp = bxp) + nargs;

	/*
	 * Allocate buffer space for the arguments read from stdin and the
	 * trailing NULL.  Buffer space is defined as the default or specified
	 * space, minus the length of the utility name and arguments.  Set up
	 * begin/end/traversing pointers into the array.  The -s count does
	 * include the trailing NULL, so the malloc didn't add in an extra
	 * slot.
	 */
	nline -= cnt;
	if (nline <= 0)
		err("insufficient space for command");

	if (!(bbp = malloc((u_int)nline + 1)))
		err("%s", strerror(errno));
	ebp = (argp = p = bbp) + nline - 1;

	for (insingle = indouble = 0;;)
		switch(ch = getchar()) {
		case EOF:
			/* No arguments since last exec. */
			if (p == bbp)
				exit(0);

			/* Nothing since end of last argument. */
			if (argp == p) {
				*xp = NULL;
				run(av);
				exit(0);
			}
			goto arg1;
		case ' ':
		case '\t':
			/* Quotes escape tabs and spaces. */
			if (insingle || indouble)
				goto addch;
			goto arg2;
		case '\n':
			/* Empty lines are skipped. */
			if (argp == p)
				continue;

			/* Quotes do not escape newlines. */
arg1:			if (insingle || indouble)
				 err("unterminated quote");

arg2:			*p = '\0';
			*xp++ = argp;

			/*
			 * If max'd out on args or buffer, or reached EOF,
			 * run the command.  If xflag and max'd out on buffer
			 * but not on args, object.
			 */
			if (xp == exp || p == ebp || ch == EOF) {
				if (xflag && xp != exp && p == ebp)
					err("insufficient space for arguments");
				*xp = NULL;
				run(av);
				if (ch == EOF)
					exit(0);
				p = bbp;
				xp = bxp;
			} else
				++p;
			argp = p;
			break;
		case '\'':
			if (indouble)
				goto addch;
			insingle = !insingle;
			break;
		case '"':
			if (insingle)
				goto addch;
			indouble = !indouble;
			break;
		case '\\':
			/* Backslash escapes anything, is escaped by quotes. */
			if (!insingle && !indouble && (ch = getchar()) == EOF)
				err("backslash at EOF");
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		default:
addch:			if (p < ebp) {
				*p++ = ch;
				break;
			}

			/* If only one argument, not enough buffer space. */
			if (bxp == xp)
				err("insufficient space for argument");
			/* Didn't hit argument limit, so if xflag object. */
			if (xflag)
				err("insufficient space for arguments");

			*xp = NULL;
			run(av);
			xp = bxp;
			cnt = ebp - argp;
			bcopy(argp, bbp, cnt);
			p = (argp = bbp) + cnt;
			*p++ = ch;
			break;
		}
	/* NOTREACHED */
}

void
run(argv)
	char **argv;
{
	register char **p;
	pid_t pid;
	volatile int noinvoke;
	int status;

	if (tflag) {
		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s", *argv);
		for (p = argv + 1; *p; ++p)
			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", *p);
		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
		(void)fflush(stderr);
	}
	noinvoke = 0;
	switch(pid = vfork()) {
	case -1:
		err("vfork: %s", strerror(errno));
	case 0:
		execvp(argv[0], argv);
		(void)fprintf(stderr,
		    "xargs: %s: %s.\n", argv[0], strerror(errno));
		noinvoke = 1;
		_exit(1);
	}
	pid = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
	if (pid == -1)
		err("waitpid: %s", strerror(errno));
	/*
	 * If we couldn't invoke the utility or the utility didn't exit
	 * properly, quit with 127.
	 * Otherwise, if not specified otherwise, and the utility exits
	 * non-zero, exit with that value.
	 */
	if (noinvoke || !WIFEXITED(status) || WIFSIGNALED(status))
		exit(127);
	if (!fflag && WEXITSTATUS(status))
		exit(WEXITSTATUS(status));
}

void
usage()
{
	(void)fprintf(stderr,
"usage: xargs [-ft] [[-x] -n number] [-s size] [utility [argument ...]]\n");
	exit(1);
}

#if __STDC__
#include <stdarg.h>
#else
#include <varargs.h>
#endif

void
#if __STDC__
err(const char *fmt, ...)
#else
err(fmt, va_alist)
	char *fmt;
        va_dcl
#endif
{
	va_list ap;
#if __STDC__
	va_start(ap, fmt);
#else
	va_start(ap);
#endif
	(void)fprintf(stderr, "xargs: ");
	(void)vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
	exit(1);
	/* NOTREACHED */
}
Commit	Line	Data
c599959c KB	1	/*-
	2	* Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
	3	* All rights reserved.
	4	*
	5	* This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
	6	* John B. Roll Jr.
	7	*
af359dea C	8	* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
	9	* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
	10	* are met:
	11	* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
	12	* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
	13	* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
	14	* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
	15	* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
	16	* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
	17	* must display the following acknowledgement:
	18	* This product includes software developed by the University of
	19	* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
	20	* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
	21	* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
	22	* without specific prior written permission.
	23	*
	24	* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
	25	* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
	26	* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
	27	* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
	28	* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
	29	* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
	30	* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
	31	* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
	32	* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
	33	* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
	34	* SUCH DAMAGE.
c599959c KB	35	*/
	36
	37	#ifndef lint
	38	char copyright[] =
	39	"@(#) Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.\n\
	40	All rights reserved.\n";
	41	#endif /* not lint */
	42
	43	#ifndef lint
af359dea	44	static char sccsid[] = "@(#)xargs.c 5.11 (Berkeley) 6/19/91";
c599959c KB	45	#endif /* not lint */
	46
	47	#include <sys/types.h>
	48	#include <sys/wait.h>
	49	#include <errno.h>
	50	#include <stdio.h>
6030c5be	51	#include <stdlib.h>
38dde0cd	52	#include <string.h>
6030c5be	53	#include <unistd.h>
c599959c KB	54	#include <limits.h>
	55	#include "pathnames.h"
	56
af359dea C	57	int fflag, tflag;
	58	void err __P((const char *, ...));
	59	void run(), usage();
c599959c KB	60
	61	main(argc, argv)
	62	int argc;
	63	char **argv;
	64	{
af359dea	65	extern int optind;
c599959c KB	66	extern char *optarg;
c599959c KB	67	register int ch;
af359dea C	68	register char p, bbp, ebp, bxp, exp, *xp;
	69	int cnt, indouble, insingle, nargs, nflag, nline, xflag;
	70	char *av, argp;
c599959c	71
af359dea C	72	/*
	73	* POSIX.2 limits the exec line length to ARG_MAX - 2K. Running that
	74	* caused some E2BIG errors, so it was changed to ARG_MAX - 4K. Given
	75	* that the smallest argument is 2 bytes in length, this means that
	76	* the number of arguments is limited to:
	77	*
	78	* (ARG_MAX - 4K - LENGTH(utility + arguments)) / 2.
	79	*
	80	* We arbitrarily limit the number of arguments to 5000. This is
	81	* allowed by POSIX.2 as long as the resulting minimum exec line is
	82	* at least LINE_MAX. Realloc'ing as necessary is possible, but
	83	* probably not worthwhile.
	84	*/
	85	nargs = 5000;
	86	nline = ARG_MAX - 4 * 1024;
	87	nflag = xflag = 0;
	88	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "fn:s:tx")) != EOF)
c599959c	89	switch(ch) {
af359dea C	90	case 'f':
	91	fflag = 1;
	92	break;
c599959c	93	case 'n':
af359dea C	94	nflag = 1;
	95	if ((nargs = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
	96	err("illegal argument count");
c599959c KB	97	break;
c599959c KB	98	case 's':
af359dea	99	nline = atoi(optarg);
c599959c KB	100	break;
	101	case 't':
	102	tflag = 1;
	103	break;
af359dea C	104	case 'x':
af359dea C	105	xflag = 1;
6030c5be	106	break;
c599959c KB	107	case '?':
	108	default:
	109	usage();
	110	}
	111	argc -= optind;
	112	argv += optind;
	113
af359dea C	114	if (xflag && !nflag)
af359dea C	115	usage();
c599959c	116
af359dea C	117	/*
	118	* Allocate pointers for the utility name, the utility arguments,
	119	* the maximum arguments to be read from stdin and the trailing
	120	* NULL.
	121	*/
	122	if (!(av = bxp =
	123	malloc((u_int)(1 + argc + nargs + 1) * sizeof(char **))))
	124	err("%s", strerror(errno));
c599959c	125
af359dea C	126	/*
	127	* Use the user's name for the utility as argv[0], just like the
	128	* shell. Echo is the default. Set up pointers for the user's
	129	* arguments.
	130	*/
c599959c	131	if (!*argv)
af359dea	132	cnt = strlen(*bxp++ = _PATH_ECHO);
c599959c	133	else {
af359dea C	134	cnt = 0;
	135	do {
	136	cnt += strlen(bxp++ = argv) + 1;
	137	} while (*++argv);
c599959c KB	138	}
c599959c KB	139
af359dea C	140	/*
	141	* Set up begin/end/traversing pointers into the array. The -n
	142	* count doesn't include the trailing NULL pointer, so the malloc
	143	* added in an extra slot.
	144	*/
	145	exp = (xp = bxp) + nargs;
	146
	147	/*
	148	* Allocate buffer space for the arguments read from stdin and the
	149	* trailing NULL. Buffer space is defined as the default or specified
	150	* space, minus the length of the utility name and arguments. Set up
	151	* begin/end/traversing pointers into the array. The -s count does
	152	* include the trailing NULL, so the malloc didn't add in an extra
	153	* slot.
	154	*/
	155	nline -= cnt;
	156	if (nline <= 0)
	157	err("insufficient space for command");
c599959c	158
af359dea C	159	if (!(bbp = malloc((u_int)nline + 1)))
	160	err("%s", strerror(errno));
	161	ebp = (argp = p = bbp) + nline - 1;
c599959c	162
af359dea	163	for (insingle = indouble = 0;;)
c599959c KB	164	switch(ch = getchar()) {
c599959c KB	165	case EOF:
af359dea C	166	/* No arguments since last exec. */
af359dea C	167	if (p == bbp)
c599959c	168	exit(0);
af359dea C	169
	170	/* Nothing since end of last argument. */
	171	if (argp == p) {
6030c5be	172	*xp = NULL;
af359dea	173	run(av);
8add0d2b KB	174	exit(0);
8add0d2b KB	175	}
af359dea	176	goto arg1;
c599959c KB	177	case ' ':
c599959c KB	178	case '\t':
af359dea	179	/* Quotes escape tabs and spaces. */
c599959c KB	180	if (insingle \|\| indouble)
c599959c KB	181	goto addch;
af359dea	182	goto arg2;
c599959c	183	case '\n':
af359dea C	184	/* Empty lines are skipped. */
af359dea C	185	if (argp == p)
c599959c	186	continue;
af359dea C	187
	188	/* Quotes do not escape newlines. */
	189	arg1: if (insingle \|\| indouble)
	190	err("unterminated quote");
	191
	192	arg2: *p = '\0';
	193	*xp++ = argp;
	194
	195	/*
	196	* If max'd out on args or buffer, or reached EOF,
	197	* run the command. If xflag and max'd out on buffer
	198	* but not on args, object.
	199	*/
	200	if (xp == exp \|\| p == ebp \|\| ch == EOF) {
	201	if (xflag && xp != exp && p == ebp)
	202	err("insufficient space for arguments");
6030c5be	203	*xp = NULL;
af359dea	204	run(av);
c599959c KB	205	if (ch == EOF)
c599959c KB	206	exit(0);
af359dea	207	p = bbp;
c599959c	208	xp = bxp;
af359dea C	209	} else
	210	++p;
	211	argp = p;
c599959c KB	212	break;
	213	case '\'':
	214	if (indouble)
	215	goto addch;
	216	insingle = !insingle;
	217	break;
	218	case '"':
	219	if (insingle)
	220	goto addch;
	221	indouble = !indouble;
	222	break;
	223	case '\\':
af359dea C	224	/* Backslash escapes anything, is escaped by quotes. */
	225	if (!insingle && !indouble && (ch = getchar()) == EOF)
	226	err("backslash at EOF");
c599959c KB	227	/* FALLTHROUGH */
c599959c KB	228	default:
af359dea	229	addch: if (p < ebp) {
c599959c	230	*p++ = ch;
af359dea	231	break;
c599959c	232	}
af359dea C	233
	234	/* If only one argument, not enough buffer space. */
	235	if (bxp == xp)
	236	err("insufficient space for argument");
	237	/* Didn't hit argument limit, so if xflag object. */
	238	if (xflag)
	239	err("insufficient space for arguments");
	240
c599959c	241	*xp = NULL;
af359dea	242	run(av);
c599959c	243	xp = bxp;
af359dea C	244	cnt = ebp - argp;
	245	bcopy(argp, bbp, cnt);
	246	p = (argp = bbp) + cnt;
	247	*p++ = ch;
c599959c KB	248	break;
	249	}
	250	/* NOTREACHED */
	251	}
	252
af359dea C	253	void
	254	run(argv)
	255	char **argv;
c599959c	256	{
af359dea	257	register char **p;
9191387f	258	pid_t pid;
af359dea C	259	volatile int noinvoke;
af359dea C	260	int status;
c599959c KB	261
	262	if (tflag) {
	263	(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s", *argv);
	264	for (p = argv + 1; *p; ++p)
	265	(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", *p);
	266	(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
	267	(void)fflush(stderr);
	268	}
af359dea	269	noinvoke = 0;
c599959c KB	270	switch(pid = vfork()) {
c599959c KB	271	case -1:
af359dea	272	err("vfork: %s", strerror(errno));
c599959c	273	case 0:
af359dea	274	execvp(argv[0], argv);
c599959c	275	(void)fprintf(stderr,
af359dea C	276	"xargs: %s: %s.\n", argv[0], strerror(errno));
af359dea C	277	noinvoke = 1;
c599959c KB	278	_exit(1);
c599959c KB	279	}
af359dea C	280	pid = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
	281	if (pid == -1)
	282	err("waitpid: %s", strerror(errno));
	283	/*
	284	* If we couldn't invoke the utility or the utility didn't exit
	285	* properly, quit with 127.
	286	* Otherwise, if not specified otherwise, and the utility exits
	287	* non-zero, exit with that value.
	288	*/
	289	if (noinvoke \|\| !WIFEXITED(status) \|\| WIFSIGNALED(status))
	290	exit(127);
	291	if (!fflag && WEXITSTATUS(status))
	292	exit(WEXITSTATUS(status));
c599959c KB	293	}
c599959c KB	294
af359dea C	295	void
af359dea C	296	usage()
c599959c	297	{
af359dea C	298	(void)fprintf(stderr,
af359dea C	299	"usage: xargs [-ft] [[-x] -n number] [-s size] [utility [argument ...]]\n");
c599959c KB	300	exit(1);
	301	}
	302
af359dea C	303	#if __STDC__
	304	#include <stdarg.h>
	305	#else
	306	#include <varargs.h>
	307	#endif
	308
	309	void
	310	#if __STDC__
	311	err(const char *fmt, ...)
	312	#else
	313	err(fmt, va_alist)
	314	char *fmt;
	315	va_dcl
	316	#endif
c599959c	317	{
af359dea C	318	va_list ap;
	319	#if __STDC__
	320	va_start(ap, fmt);
	321	#else
	322	va_start(ap);
	323	#endif
	324	(void)fprintf(stderr, "xargs: ");
	325	(void)vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
	326	va_end(ap);
	327	(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
c599959c	328	exit(1);
af359dea	329	/* NOTREACHED */
c599959c	330	}