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[unix-history] / usr / src / sys / netinet / tcp_output.c

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986 Regents of the University of California.
 * All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
 * specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
 *
 *	@(#)tcp_output.c	7.9 (Berkeley) %G%
 */

#include "param.h"
#include "systm.h"
#include "mbuf.h"
#include "protosw.h"
#include "socket.h"
#include "socketvar.h"
#include "errno.h"

#include "../net/route.h"

#include "in.h"
#include "in_pcb.h"
#include "in_systm.h"
#include "ip.h"
#include "ip_var.h"
#include "tcp.h"
#define	TCPOUTFLAGS
#include "tcp_fsm.h"
#include "tcp_seq.h"
#include "tcp_timer.h"
#include "tcp_var.h"
#include "tcpip.h"
#include "tcp_debug.h"

/*
 * Initial options.
 */
u_char	tcp_initopt[4] = { TCPOPT_MAXSEG, 4, 0x0, 0x0, };

/*
 * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
 */
tcp_output(tp)
	register struct tcpcb *tp;
{
	register struct socket *so = tp->t_inpcb->inp_socket;
	register int len, win;
	struct mbuf *m0;
	int off, flags, error;
	register struct mbuf *m;
	register struct tcpiphdr *ti;
	u_char *opt;
	unsigned optlen = 0;
	int idle, sendalot;

	/*
	 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
	 * and flags that will be used.
	 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
	 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
	 */
	idle = (tp->snd_max == tp->snd_una);
again:
	sendalot = 0;
	off = tp->snd_nxt - tp->snd_una;
	win = MIN(tp->snd_wnd, tp->snd_cwnd);

	/*
	 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
	 * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
	 * and timer expired, we will send what we can
	 * and go to transmit state.
	 */
	if (tp->t_force) {
		if (win == 0)
			win = 1;
		else {
			tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] = 0;
			tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
		}
	}

	len = MIN(so->so_snd.sb_cc, win) - off;
	flags = tcp_outflags[tp->t_state];

	if (len < 0) {
		/*
		 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
		 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
		 * len will be -1; transmit if acking, otherwise no need.
		 * Otherwise, window shrank after we sent into it.
		 * If window shrank to 0, cancel pending retransmit
		 * and pull snd_nxt back to (closed) window.
		 * We will enter persist state below.
		 * If the window didn't close completely,
		 * just wait for an ACK.
		 */
		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
			if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
				len = 0;
			else
				return (0);
		} else if (win == 0) {
			tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] = 0;
			tp->snd_nxt = tp->snd_una;
			len = 0;
		} else
			return (0);
	}
	if (len > tp->t_maxseg) {
		len = tp->t_maxseg;
		sendalot = 1;
	}
	if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_una + so->so_snd.sb_cc))
		flags &= ~TH_FIN;
	win = sbspace(&so->so_rcv);


	/*
	 * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
	 * and we have not yet done so, or we're retransmitting the FIN,
	 * then we need to send.
	 */
	if (flags & TH_FIN &&
	    ((tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN) == 0 || tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_una))
		goto send;
	/*
	 * Send if we owe peer an ACK.
	 */
	if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
		goto send;
	if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_RST))
		goto send;
	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
		goto send;

	/*
	 * Sender silly window avoidance.  If connection is idle
	 * and can send all data, a maximum segment,
	 * at least a maximum default-size segment do it,
	 * or are forced, do it; otherwise don't bother.
	 * If peer's buffer is tiny, then send
	 * when window is at least half open.
	 * If retransmitting (possibly after persist timer forced us
	 * to send into a small window), then must resend.
	 */
	if (len) {
		if (len == tp->t_maxseg)
			goto send;
		if ((idle || tp->t_flags & TF_NODELAY) &&
		    len + off >= so->so_snd.sb_cc)
			goto send;
		if (tp->t_force)
			goto send;
		if (len >= tp->max_sndwnd / 2)
			goto send;
		if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max))
			goto send;
	}

	/*
	 * Compare available window to amount of window
	 * known to peer (as advertised window less
	 * next expected input.)  If the difference is 35% or more of the
	 * maximum possible window, then want to send a window update to peer.
	 */
	if (win > 0) {
		int adv = win - (tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);

		if (100 * adv / so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat >= 35)
			goto send;
		if (adv >= 2 * tp->t_maxseg && so->so_rcv.sb_cc == 0)
			goto send;
	}

	/*
	 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
	 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
	 * updates.  The three ``states'' for the output side are:
	 *	idle			not doing retransmits or persists
	 *	persisting		to move a small or zero window
	 *	(re)transmitting	and thereby not persisting
	 *
	 * tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST]
	 *	is set when we are in persist state.
	 * tp->t_force
	 *	is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
	 * tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT]
	 *	is set when we are retransmitting
	 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
	 *
	 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
	 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
	 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
	 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
	 * otherwise force out a byte.
	 */
	if (so->so_snd.sb_cc && tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] == 0 &&
	    tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] == 0) {
		tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
		tcp_setpersist(tp);
	}

	/*
	 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
	 */
	return (0);

send:
	/*
	 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
	 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
	 * the template for sends on this connection.
	 */
	MGET(m, M_DONTWAIT, MT_HEADER);
	if (m == NULL)
		return (ENOBUFS);
	m->m_off = MMAXOFF - sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
	m->m_len = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr);
	if (len) {
		if (tp->t_force && len == 1)
			tcpstat.tcps_sndprobe++;
		else if (SEQ_LT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
			tcpstat.tcps_sndrexmitpack++;
			tcpstat.tcps_sndrexmitbyte += len;
		} else {
			tcpstat.tcps_sndpack++;
			tcpstat.tcps_sndbyte += len;
		}
		m->m_next = m_copy(so->so_snd.sb_mb, off, len);
		if (m->m_next == 0)
			len = 0;
	} else if (tp->t_flags & TF_ACKNOW)
		tcpstat.tcps_sndacks++;
	else if (flags & (TH_SYN|TH_FIN|TH_RST))
		tcpstat.tcps_sndctrl++;
	else if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_una))
		tcpstat.tcps_sndurg++;
	else
		tcpstat.tcps_sndwinup++;

	ti = mtod(m, struct tcpiphdr *);
	if (tp->t_template == 0)
		panic("tcp_output");
	bcopy((caddr_t)tp->t_template, (caddr_t)ti, sizeof (struct tcpiphdr));

	/*
	 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
	 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
	 * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
	 */
	if (flags & TH_FIN && tp->t_flags & TF_SENTFIN && 
	    tp->snd_nxt == tp->snd_max)
		tp->snd_nxt--;
	ti->ti_seq = htonl(tp->snd_nxt);
	ti->ti_ack = htonl(tp->rcv_nxt);
	/*
	 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
	 * unless TCP set to not do any options.
	 */
	opt = NULL;
	if (tp->t_state < TCPS_ESTABLISHED && (tp->t_flags & TF_NOOPT) == 0) {
		u_short mss;

		mss = MIN(so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 2, tcp_mss(tp));
		if (mss > IP_MSS - sizeof(struct tcpiphdr)) {
			opt = tcp_initopt;
			optlen = sizeof (tcp_initopt);
			*(u_short *)(opt + 2) = htons(mss);
		}
	}
	if (opt) {
		m0 = m->m_next;
		m->m_next = m_get(M_DONTWAIT, MT_DATA);
		if (m->m_next == 0) {
			(void) m_free(m);
			m_freem(m0);
			return (ENOBUFS);
		}
		m->m_next->m_next = m0;
		m0 = m->m_next;
		m0->m_len = optlen;
		bcopy((caddr_t)opt, mtod(m0, caddr_t), optlen);
		opt = (u_char *)(mtod(m0, caddr_t) + optlen);
		while (m0->m_len & 0x3) {
			*opt++ = TCPOPT_EOL;
			m0->m_len++;
		}
		optlen = m0->m_len;
		ti->ti_off = (sizeof (struct tcphdr) + optlen) >> 2;
	}
	ti->ti_flags = flags;
	/*
	 * Calculate receive window.  Don't shrink window,
	 * but avoid silly window syndrome.
	 */
	if (win < so->so_rcv.sb_hiwat / 4 && win < tp->t_maxseg)
		win = 0;
	if (win < (int)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt))
		win = (int)(tp->rcv_adv - tp->rcv_nxt);
	ti->ti_win = htons((u_short)win);
	if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_up, tp->snd_nxt)) {
		ti->ti_urp = htons((u_short)(tp->snd_up - tp->snd_nxt));
		ti->ti_flags |= TH_URG;
	} else
		/*
		 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
		 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
		 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
		 * number wraparound.
		 */
		tp->snd_up = tp->snd_una;		/* drag it along */
	/*
	 * If anything to send and we can send it all, set PUSH.
	 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
	 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or a PUSH comes in.)
	 */
	if (len && off+len == so->so_snd.sb_cc)
		ti->ti_flags |= TH_PUSH;

	/*
	 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
	 * checksum extended header and data.
	 */
	if (len + optlen)
		ti->ti_len = htons((u_short)(sizeof(struct tcphdr) +
		    optlen + len));
	ti->ti_sum = in_cksum(m, sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + (int)optlen + len);

	/*
	 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
	 * the retransmit.  In persist state, just set snd_max.
	 */
	if (tp->t_force == 0 || tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] == 0) {
		tcp_seq startseq = tp->snd_nxt;

		/*
		 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
		 */
		if (flags & TH_SYN)
			tp->snd_nxt++;
		if (flags & TH_FIN) {
			tp->snd_nxt++;
			tp->t_flags |= TF_SENTFIN;
		}
		tp->snd_nxt += len;
		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt, tp->snd_max)) {
			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt;
			/*
			 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
			 * not currently timing anything.
			 */
			if (tp->t_rtt == 0) {
				tp->t_rtt = 1;
				tp->t_rtseq = startseq;
				tcpstat.tcps_segstimed++;
			}
		}

		/*
		 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
		 * and not doing an ack or a keep-alive probe.
		 * Initial value for retransmit timer is smoothed
		 * round-trip time + 2 * round-trip time variance.
		 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
		 * of retransmit time.
		 */
		if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] == 0 &&
		    tp->snd_nxt != tp->snd_una) {
			tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT] = tp->t_rxtcur;
			if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST]) {
				tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST] = 0;
				tp->t_rxtshift = 0;
			}
		}
	} else
		if (SEQ_GT(tp->snd_nxt + len, tp->snd_max))
			tp->snd_max = tp->snd_nxt + len;

	/*
	 * Trace.
	 */
	if (so->so_options & SO_DEBUG)
		tcp_trace(TA_OUTPUT, tp->t_state, tp, ti, 0);

	/*
	 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
	 * send to IP level.
	 */
	((struct ip *)ti)->ip_len = sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen + len;
	((struct ip *)ti)->ip_ttl = TCP_TTL;
	error = ip_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->inp_options, &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route,
	    so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE);
	if (error)
		return (error);
	tcpstat.tcps_sndtotal++;

	/*
	 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
	 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
	 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
	 * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
	 */
	if (win > 0 && SEQ_GT(tp->rcv_nxt+win, tp->rcv_adv))
		tp->rcv_adv = tp->rcv_nxt + win;
	tp->t_flags &= ~(TF_ACKNOW|TF_DELACK);
	if (sendalot)
		goto again;
	return (0);
}

tcp_setpersist(tp)
	register struct tcpcb *tp;
{
	register t = ((tp->t_srtt >> 2) + tp->t_rttvar) >> 1;

	if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT])
		panic("tcp_output REXMT");
	/*
	 * Start/restart persistance timer.
	 */
	TCPT_RANGESET(tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST],
	    t * tcp_backoff[tp->t_rxtshift],
	    TCPTV_PERSMIN, TCPTV_PERSMAX);
	if (tp->t_rxtshift < TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT)
		tp->t_rxtshift++;
}