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15637ed4 RG |
1 | /*- |
2 | * Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California. | |
3 | * All rights reserved. | |
4 | * | |
5 | * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without | |
6 | * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions | |
7 | * are met: | |
8 | * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright | |
9 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | |
10 | * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright | |
11 | * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the | |
12 | * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | |
13 | * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software | |
14 | * must display the following acknowledgement: | |
15 | * This product includes software developed by the University of | |
16 | * California, Berkeley and its contributors. | |
17 | * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors | |
18 | * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software | |
19 | * without specific prior written permission. | |
20 | * | |
21 | * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND | |
22 | * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE | |
23 | * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE | |
24 | * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE | |
25 | * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL | |
26 | * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS | |
27 | * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) | |
28 | * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT | |
29 | * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY | |
30 | * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF | |
31 | * SUCH DAMAGE. | |
32 | */ | |
33 | ||
34 | #if defined(LIBC_SCCS) && !defined(lint) | |
35 | static char sccsid[] = "@(#)radixsort.c 5.7 (Berkeley) 2/23/91"; | |
36 | #endif /* LIBC_SCCS and not lint */ | |
37 | ||
38 | #include <sys/types.h> | |
39 | #include <limits.h> | |
40 | #include <stdlib.h> | |
41 | #include <stddef.h> | |
42 | #include <string.h> | |
43 | ||
44 | /* | |
45 | * __rspartition is the cutoff point for a further partitioning instead | |
46 | * of a shellsort. If it changes check __rsshell_increments. Both of | |
47 | * these are exported, as the best values are data dependent. | |
48 | */ | |
49 | #define NPARTITION 40 | |
50 | int __rspartition = NPARTITION; | |
51 | int __rsshell_increments[] = { 4, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 }; | |
52 | ||
53 | /* | |
54 | * Stackp points to context structures, where each structure schedules a | |
55 | * partitioning. Radixsort exits when the stack is empty. | |
56 | * | |
57 | * If the buckets are placed on the stack randomly, the worst case is when | |
58 | * all the buckets but one contain (npartitions + 1) elements and the bucket | |
59 | * pushed on the stack last contains the rest of the elements. In this case, | |
60 | * stack growth is bounded by: | |
61 | * | |
62 | * limit = (nelements / (npartitions + 1)) - 1; | |
63 | * | |
64 | * This is a very large number, 52,377,648 for the maximum 32-bit signed int. | |
65 | * | |
66 | * By forcing the largest bucket to be pushed on the stack first, the worst | |
67 | * case is when all but two buckets each contain (npartitions + 1) elements, | |
68 | * with the remaining elements split equally between the first and last | |
69 | * buckets pushed on the stack. In this case, stack growth is bounded when: | |
70 | * | |
71 | * for (partition_cnt = 0; nelements > npartitions; ++partition_cnt) | |
72 | * nelements = | |
73 | * (nelements - (npartitions + 1) * (nbuckets - 2)) / 2; | |
74 | * The bound is: | |
75 | * | |
76 | * limit = partition_cnt * (nbuckets - 1); | |
77 | * | |
78 | * This is a much smaller number, 4590 for the maximum 32-bit signed int. | |
79 | */ | |
80 | #define NBUCKETS (UCHAR_MAX + 1) | |
81 | ||
82 | typedef struct _stack { | |
83 | const u_char **bot; | |
84 | int indx, nmemb; | |
85 | } CONTEXT; | |
86 | ||
87 | #define STACKPUSH { \ | |
88 | stackp->bot = p; \ | |
89 | stackp->nmemb = nmemb; \ | |
90 | stackp->indx = indx; \ | |
91 | ++stackp; \ | |
92 | } | |
93 | #define STACKPOP { \ | |
94 | if (stackp == stack) \ | |
95 | break; \ | |
96 | --stackp; \ | |
97 | bot = stackp->bot; \ | |
98 | nmemb = stackp->nmemb; \ | |
99 | indx = stackp->indx; \ | |
100 | } | |
101 | ||
102 | /* | |
103 | * A variant of MSD radix sorting; see Knuth Vol. 3, page 177, and 5.2.5, | |
104 | * Ex. 10 and 12. Also, "Three Partition Refinement Algorithms, Paige | |
105 | * and Tarjan, SIAM J. Comput. Vol. 16, No. 6, December 1987. | |
106 | * | |
107 | * This uses a simple sort as soon as a bucket crosses a cutoff point, | |
108 | * rather than sorting the entire list after partitioning is finished. | |
109 | * This should be an advantage. | |
110 | * | |
111 | * This is pure MSD instead of LSD of some number of MSD, switching to | |
112 | * the simple sort as soon as possible. Takes linear time relative to | |
113 | * the number of bytes in the strings. | |
114 | */ | |
115 | int | |
116 | #if __STDC__ | |
117 | radixsort(const u_char **l1, int nmemb, const u_char *tab, u_char endbyte) | |
118 | #else | |
119 | radixsort(l1, nmemb, tab, endbyte) | |
120 | const u_char **l1; | |
121 | register int nmemb; | |
122 | const u_char *tab; | |
123 | u_char endbyte; | |
124 | #endif | |
125 | { | |
126 | register int i, indx, t1, t2; | |
127 | register const u_char **l2; | |
128 | register const u_char **p; | |
129 | register const u_char **bot; | |
130 | register const u_char *tr; | |
131 | CONTEXT *stack, *stackp; | |
132 | int c[NBUCKETS + 1], max; | |
133 | u_char ltab[NBUCKETS]; | |
134 | static void shellsort(); | |
135 | ||
136 | if (nmemb <= 1) | |
137 | return(0); | |
138 | ||
139 | /* | |
140 | * T1 is the constant part of the equation, the number of elements | |
141 | * represented on the stack between the top and bottom entries. | |
142 | * It doesn't get rounded as the divide by 2 rounds down (correct | |
143 | * for a value being subtracted). T2, the nelem value, has to be | |
144 | * rounded up before each divide because we want an upper bound; | |
145 | * this could overflow if nmemb is the maximum int. | |
146 | */ | |
147 | t1 = ((__rspartition + 1) * (NBUCKETS - 2)) >> 1; | |
148 | for (i = 0, t2 = nmemb; t2 > __rspartition; i += NBUCKETS - 1) | |
149 | t2 = ((t2 + 1) >> 1) - t1; | |
150 | if (i) { | |
151 | if (!(stack = stackp = (CONTEXT *)malloc(i * sizeof(CONTEXT)))) | |
152 | return(-1); | |
153 | } else | |
154 | stack = stackp = NULL; | |
155 | ||
156 | /* | |
157 | * There are two arrays, one provided by the user (l1), and the | |
158 | * temporary one (l2). The data is sorted to the temporary stack, | |
159 | * and then copied back. The speedup of using index to determine | |
160 | * which stack the data is on and simply swapping stacks back and | |
161 | * forth, thus avoiding the copy every iteration, turns out to not | |
162 | * be any faster than the current implementation. | |
163 | */ | |
164 | if (!(l2 = (const u_char **)malloc(sizeof(u_char *) * nmemb))) | |
165 | return(-1); | |
166 | ||
167 | /* | |
168 | * Tr references a table of sort weights; multiple entries may | |
169 | * map to the same weight; EOS char must have the lowest weight. | |
170 | */ | |
171 | if (tab) | |
172 | tr = tab; | |
173 | else { | |
174 | for (t1 = 0, t2 = endbyte; t1 < t2; ++t1) | |
175 | ltab[t1] = t1 + 1; | |
176 | ltab[t2] = 0; | |
177 | for (t1 = endbyte + 1; t1 < NBUCKETS; ++t1) | |
178 | ltab[t1] = t1; | |
179 | tr = ltab; | |
180 | } | |
181 | ||
182 | /* First sort is entire stack */ | |
183 | bot = l1; | |
184 | indx = 0; | |
185 | ||
186 | for (;;) { | |
187 | /* Clear bucket count array */ | |
188 | bzero((char *)c, sizeof(c)); | |
189 | ||
190 | /* | |
191 | * Compute number of items that sort to the same bucket | |
192 | * for this index. | |
193 | */ | |
194 | for (p = bot, i = nmemb; --i >= 0;) | |
195 | ++c[tr[(*p++)[indx]]]; | |
196 | ||
197 | /* | |
198 | * Sum the number of characters into c, dividing the temp | |
199 | * stack into the right number of buckets for this bucket, | |
200 | * this index. C contains the cumulative total of keys | |
201 | * before and included in this bucket, and will later be | |
202 | * used as an index to the bucket. c[NBUCKETS] contains | |
203 | * the total number of elements, for determining how many | |
204 | * elements the last bucket contains. At the same time | |
205 | * find the largest bucket so it gets pushed first. | |
206 | */ | |
207 | for (i = max = t1 = 0, t2 = __rspartition; i <= NBUCKETS; ++i) { | |
208 | if (c[i] > t2) { | |
209 | t2 = c[i]; | |
210 | max = i; | |
211 | } | |
212 | t1 = c[i] += t1; | |
213 | } | |
214 | ||
215 | /* | |
216 | * Partition the elements into buckets; c decrements through | |
217 | * the bucket, and ends up pointing to the first element of | |
218 | * the bucket. | |
219 | */ | |
220 | for (i = nmemb; --i >= 0;) { | |
221 | --p; | |
222 | l2[--c[tr[(*p)[indx]]]] = *p; | |
223 | } | |
224 | ||
225 | /* Copy the partitioned elements back to user stack */ | |
226 | bcopy(l2, bot, nmemb * sizeof(u_char *)); | |
227 | ||
228 | ++indx; | |
229 | /* | |
230 | * Sort buckets as necessary; don't sort c[0], it's the | |
231 | * EOS character bucket, and nothing can follow EOS. | |
232 | */ | |
233 | for (i = max; i; --i) { | |
234 | if ((nmemb = c[i + 1] - (t1 = c[i])) < 2) | |
235 | continue; | |
236 | p = bot + t1; | |
237 | if (nmemb > __rspartition) | |
238 | STACKPUSH | |
239 | else | |
240 | shellsort(p, indx, nmemb, tr); | |
241 | } | |
242 | for (i = max + 1; i < NBUCKETS; ++i) { | |
243 | if ((nmemb = c[i + 1] - (t1 = c[i])) < 2) | |
244 | continue; | |
245 | p = bot + t1; | |
246 | if (nmemb > __rspartition) | |
247 | STACKPUSH | |
248 | else | |
249 | shellsort(p, indx, nmemb, tr); | |
250 | } | |
251 | /* Break out when stack is empty */ | |
252 | STACKPOP | |
253 | } | |
254 | ||
255 | free((char *)l2); | |
256 | free((char *)stack); | |
257 | return(0); | |
258 | } | |
259 | ||
260 | /* | |
261 | * Shellsort (diminishing increment sort) from Data Structures and | |
262 | * Algorithms, Aho, Hopcraft and Ullman, 1983 Edition, page 290; | |
263 | * see also Knuth Vol. 3, page 84. The increments are selected from | |
264 | * formula (8), page 95. Roughly O(N^3/2). | |
265 | */ | |
266 | static void | |
267 | shellsort(p, indx, nmemb, tr) | |
268 | register u_char **p, *tr; | |
269 | register int indx, nmemb; | |
270 | { | |
271 | register u_char ch, *s1, *s2; | |
272 | register int incr, *incrp, t1, t2; | |
273 | ||
274 | for (incrp = __rsshell_increments; incr = *incrp++;) | |
275 | for (t1 = incr; t1 < nmemb; ++t1) | |
276 | for (t2 = t1 - incr; t2 >= 0;) { | |
277 | s1 = p[t2] + indx; | |
278 | s2 = p[t2 + incr] + indx; | |
279 | while ((ch = tr[*s1++]) == tr[*s2] && ch) | |
280 | ++s2; | |
281 | if (ch > tr[*s2]) { | |
282 | s1 = p[t2]; | |
283 | p[t2] = p[t2 + incr]; | |
284 | p[t2 + incr] = s1; | |
285 | t2 -= incr; | |
286 | } else | |
287 | break; | |
288 | } | |
289 | } |