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1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1986 The Regents of the University of California. |
2 | .\" All rights reserved. | |
3 | .\" | |
4 | .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without | |
5 | .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions | |
6 | .\" are met: | |
7 | .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright | |
8 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | |
9 | .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright | |
10 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the | |
11 | .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | |
12 | .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software | |
13 | .\" must display the following acknowledgement: | |
14 | .\" This product includes software developed by the University of | |
15 | .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. | |
16 | .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors | |
17 | .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software | |
18 | .\" without specific prior written permission. | |
19 | .\" | |
20 | .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND | |
21 | .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE | |
22 | .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE | |
23 | .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE | |
24 | .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL | |
25 | .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS | |
26 | .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) | |
27 | .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT | |
28 | .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY | |
29 | .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF | |
30 | .\" SUCH DAMAGE. | |
31 | .\" | |
32 | .\" @(#)vmstat.8 6.8 (Berkeley) 6/20/91 | |
33 | .\" | |
34 | .TH VMSTAT 1 "June 20, 1991" | |
35 | .UC 4 | |
36 | .SH NAME | |
37 | vmstat \- report virtual memory statistics | |
38 | .SH SYNOPSIS | |
39 | .nf | |
40 | .ft B | |
41 | vmstat [ \-fimst ] [ \-c count ] [ \-M core ] [ \-N system ] | |
42 | .ti +5 | |
43 | [ \-w wait ] [ disks ] | |
44 | .ft R | |
45 | .fi | |
46 | .SH DESCRIPTION | |
47 | .I Vmstat | |
48 | reports certain kernel statistics kept about process, virtual memory, | |
49 | disk, trap and cpu activity. | |
50 | .PP | |
51 | The options are as follows: | |
52 | .TP | |
53 | \-c | |
54 | Repeat the display | |
55 | .I count | |
56 | times. | |
57 | The first display is for the time since a reboot and each subsequent report | |
58 | is for the time period since the last display. | |
59 | If no | |
60 | .I wait | |
61 | interval is specified, the default is 1 second. | |
62 | .TP | |
63 | \-f | |
64 | Report on the number | |
65 | .IR fork (2) | |
66 | and | |
67 | .IR vfork (2) | |
68 | system calls since system startup, and the number of pages of virtual memory | |
69 | involved in each. | |
70 | .TP | |
71 | \-i | |
72 | Report on the number of interrupts taken by each device since system | |
73 | startup. | |
74 | .TP | |
75 | \-M | |
76 | Extract values associated with the name list from the specified core | |
77 | instead of the default ``/dev/kmem''. | |
78 | .TP | |
79 | \-N | |
80 | Extract the name list from the specified system instead of the default | |
81 | ``/vmunix''. | |
82 | .TP | |
83 | \-m | |
84 | Report on the usage of kernel dynamic memory listed first by size of | |
85 | allocation and then by type of usage. | |
86 | .TP | |
87 | \-s | |
88 | Display the contents of the | |
89 | .I sum | |
90 | structure, giving the total number of several kinds of paging related | |
91 | events which have occurred since system startup. | |
92 | .TP | |
93 | \-t | |
94 | Report on the number of page in and page reclaims since system startup, | |
95 | and the amount of time required by each. | |
96 | .TP | |
97 | \-w | |
98 | Pause | |
99 | .I wait | |
100 | seconds between each display. | |
101 | If no repeat | |
102 | .I count | |
103 | is specified, the default is infinity. | |
104 | .PP | |
105 | By default, | |
106 | .I vmstat | |
107 | displays the following information: | |
108 | .PP | |
109 | .TP | |
110 | procs | |
111 | Information about the numbers of processes in various states. | |
112 | .sp | |
113 | .RS | |
114 | .nf | |
115 | r in run queue | |
116 | b blocked for resources (i/o, paging, etc.) | |
117 | w runnable or short sleeper (< 20 secs) but swapped | |
118 | .fi | |
119 | .RE | |
120 | .TP | |
121 | memory | |
122 | Information about the usage of virtual and real memory. | |
123 | Virtual pages (reported in units of 1024 bytes) are considered active if | |
124 | they belong to processes which are running or have run in the last 20 | |
125 | seconds. | |
126 | .sp | |
127 | .RS | |
128 | .nf | |
129 | avm active virtual pages | |
130 | fre size of the free list | |
131 | .fi | |
132 | .RE | |
133 | .TP | |
134 | page | |
135 | Information about page faults and paging activity. | |
136 | These are averaged each five seconds, and given in units per second. | |
137 | .sp | |
138 | .RS | |
139 | .nf | |
140 | re page reclaims (simulating reference bits) | |
141 | at pages attached (found in free list) | |
142 | pi pages paged in | |
143 | po pages paged out | |
144 | fr pages freed per second | |
145 | de anticipated short term memory shortfall | |
146 | sr pages scanned by clock algorithm, per-second | |
147 | .fi | |
148 | .RE | |
149 | .TP | |
150 | disks | |
151 | Disk operations per second (this field is system dependent). | |
152 | Typically paging will be split across the available drives. | |
153 | The header of the field is the first character of the disk name and | |
154 | the unit number. | |
155 | If more than four disk drives are configured in the system, | |
156 | .I vmstat | |
157 | displays only the first four drives. | |
158 | To force | |
159 | .I vmstat | |
160 | to display specific drives, their names may be supplied on the command line. | |
161 | .TP | |
162 | faults | |
163 | Trap/interrupt rate averages per second over last 5 seconds. | |
164 | .sp | |
165 | .RS | |
166 | .nf | |
167 | in device interrupts per interval (including clock interrupts) | |
168 | sy system calls per interval | |
169 | cs cpu context switch rate (switches/interval) | |
170 | .fi | |
171 | .RE | |
172 | .TP | |
173 | cpu | |
174 | Breakdown of percentage usage of CPU time. | |
175 | .sp | |
176 | .RS | |
177 | .nf | |
178 | us user time for normal and low priority processes | |
179 | sy system time | |
180 | id cpu idle | |
181 | .fi | |
182 | .RE | |
183 | .SH EXAMPLES | |
184 | The command ``vmstat -i 5'' will print what the system is doing every five | |
185 | seconds; this is a good choice of printing interval since this is how often | |
186 | some of the statistics are sampled in the system. | |
187 | Others vary every second and running the output for a while will make it | |
188 | apparent which are recomputed every second. | |
189 | .SH FILES | |
190 | .ta \w'/dev/kmem 'u | |
191 | /vmunix default kernel namelist | |
192 | .br | |
193 | /dev/kmem default memory file | |
194 | .SH SEE ALSO | |
195 | .IR fstat (1), | |
196 | .IR netstat (1), | |
197 | .IR nfsstat (1), | |
198 | .IR ps (1), | |
199 | .IR systat (1), | |
200 | .IR iostat (8), | |
201 | .IR pstat (8) | |
202 | .sp | |
203 | The sections starting with ``Interpreting system activity'' in | |
204 | .IR "Installing and Operating 4.3BSD" . | |
205 | .SH BUGS | |
206 | The \-c and \-w options are only available with the default output. |