update from Rick Macklem

[unix-history] / usr / src / usr.bin / xargs / xargs.c

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * John B. Roll Jr.
 *
 * %sccs.include.redist.c%
 */

#ifndef lint
char copyright[] =
"@(#) Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.\n\
 All rights reserved.\n";
#endif /* not lint */

#ifndef lint
static char sccsid[] = "@(#)xargs.c	5.11 (Berkeley) %G%";
#endif /* not lint */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include "pathnames.h"

int fflag, tflag;
void err __P((const char *, ...));
void run(), usage();

main(argc, argv)
	int argc;
	char **argv;
{
	extern int optind;
	extern char *optarg;
	register int ch;
	register char *p, *bbp, *ebp, **bxp, **exp, **xp;
	int cnt, indouble, insingle, nargs, nflag, nline, xflag;
	char **av, *argp;

	/*
	 * POSIX.2 limits the exec line length to ARG_MAX - 2K.  Running that
	 * caused some E2BIG errors, so it was changed to ARG_MAX - 4K.  Given
	 * that the smallest argument is 2 bytes in length, this means that
	 * the number of arguments is limited to:
	 *
	 *	 (ARG_MAX - 4K - LENGTH(utility + arguments)) / 2.
	 *
	 * We arbitrarily limit the number of arguments to 5000.  This is
	 * allowed by POSIX.2 as long as the resulting minimum exec line is
	 * at least LINE_MAX.  Realloc'ing as necessary is possible, but
	 * probably not worthwhile.
	 */
	nargs = 5000;
	nline = ARG_MAX - 4 * 1024;
	nflag = xflag = 0;
	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "fn:s:tx")) != EOF)
		switch(ch) {
		case 'f':
			fflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'n':
			nflag = 1;
			if ((nargs = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
				err("illegal argument count");
			break;
		case 's':
			nline = atoi(optarg);
			break;
		case 't':
			tflag = 1;
			break;
		case 'x':
			xflag = 1;
			break;
		case '?':
		default:
			usage();
	}
	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	if (xflag && !nflag)
		usage();

	/*
	 * Allocate pointers for the utility name, the utility arguments,
	 * the maximum arguments to be read from stdin and the trailing
	 * NULL.
	 */
	if (!(av = bxp =
	    malloc((u_int)(1 + argc + nargs + 1) * sizeof(char **))))
		err("%s", strerror(errno));

	/*
	 * Use the user's name for the utility as argv[0], just like the
	 * shell.  Echo is the default.  Set up pointers for the user's
	 * arguments.
	 */
	if (!*argv)
		cnt = strlen(*bxp++ = _PATH_ECHO);
	else {
		cnt = 0;
		do {
			cnt += strlen(*bxp++ = *argv) + 1;
		} while (*++argv);
	}

	/*
	 * Set up begin/end/traversing pointers into the array.  The -n
	 * count doesn't include the trailing NULL pointer, so the malloc
	 * added in an extra slot.
	 */
	exp = (xp = bxp) + nargs;

	/*
	 * Allocate buffer space for the arguments read from stdin and the
	 * trailing NULL.  Buffer space is defined as the default or specified
	 * space, minus the length of the utility name and arguments.  Set up
	 * begin/end/traversing pointers into the array.  The -s count does
	 * include the trailing NULL, so the malloc didn't add in an extra
	 * slot.
	 */
	nline -= cnt;
	if (nline <= 0)
		err("insufficient space for command");

	if (!(bbp = malloc((u_int)nline + 1)))
		err("%s", strerror(errno));
	ebp = (argp = p = bbp) + nline - 1;

	for (insingle = indouble = 0;;)
		switch(ch = getchar()) {
		case EOF:
			/* No arguments since last exec. */
			if (p == bbp)
				exit(0);

			/* Nothing since end of last argument. */
			if (argp == p) {
				*xp = NULL;
				run(av);
				exit(0);
			}
			goto arg1;
		case ' ':
		case '\t':
			/* Quotes escape tabs and spaces. */
			if (insingle || indouble)
				goto addch;
			goto arg2;
		case '\n':
			/* Empty lines are skipped. */
			if (argp == p)
				continue;

			/* Quotes do not escape newlines. */
arg1:			if (insingle || indouble)
				 err("unterminated quote");

arg2:			*p = '\0';
			*xp++ = argp;

			/*
			 * If max'd out on args or buffer, or reached EOF,
			 * run the command.  If xflag and max'd out on buffer
			 * but not on args, object.
			 */
			if (xp == exp || p == ebp || ch == EOF) {
				if (xflag && xp != exp && p == ebp)
					err("insufficient space for arguments");
				*xp = NULL;
				run(av);
				if (ch == EOF)
					exit(0);
				p = bbp;
				xp = bxp;
			} else
				++p;
			argp = p;
			break;
		case '\'':
			if (indouble)
				goto addch;
			insingle = !insingle;
			break;
		case '"':
			if (insingle)
				goto addch;
			indouble = !indouble;
			break;
		case '\\':
			/* Backslash escapes anything, is escaped by quotes. */
			if (!insingle && !indouble && (ch = getchar()) == EOF)
				err("backslash at EOF");
			/* FALLTHROUGH */
		default:
addch:			if (p < ebp) {
				*p++ = ch;
				break;
			}

			/* If only one argument, not enough buffer space. */
			if (bxp == xp)
				err("insufficient space for argument");
			/* Didn't hit argument limit, so if xflag object. */
			if (xflag)
				err("insufficient space for arguments");

			*xp = NULL;
			run(av);
			xp = bxp;
			cnt = ebp - argp;
			bcopy(argp, bbp, cnt);
			p = (argp = bbp) + cnt;
			*p++ = ch;
			break;
		}
	/* NOTREACHED */
}

void
run(argv)
	char **argv;
{
	register char **p;
	pid_t pid;
	volatile int noinvoke;
	int status;

	if (tflag) {
		(void)fprintf(stderr, "%s", *argv);
		for (p = argv + 1; *p; ++p)
			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", *p);
		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
		(void)fflush(stderr);
	}
	noinvoke = 0;
	switch(pid = vfork()) {
	case -1:
		err("vfork: %s", strerror(errno));
	case 0:
		execvp(argv[0], argv);
		(void)fprintf(stderr,
		    "xargs: %s: %s.\n", argv[0], strerror(errno));
		noinvoke = 1;
		_exit(1);
	}
	pid = waitpid(pid, &status, 0);
	if (pid == -1)
		err("waitpid: %s", strerror(errno));
	/*
	 * If we couldn't invoke the utility or the utility didn't exit
	 * properly, quit with 127.
	 * Otherwise, if not specified otherwise, and the utility exits
	 * non-zero, exit with that value.
	 */
	if (noinvoke || !WIFEXITED(status) || WIFSIGNALED(status))
		exit(127);
	if (!fflag && WEXITSTATUS(status))
		exit(WEXITSTATUS(status));
}

void
usage()
{
	(void)fprintf(stderr,
"usage: xargs [-ft] [[-x] -n number] [-s size] [utility [argument ...]]\n");
	exit(1);
}

#if __STDC__
#include <stdarg.h>
#else
#include <varargs.h>
#endif

void
#if __STDC__
err(const char *fmt, ...)
#else
err(fmt, va_alist)
	char *fmt;
        va_dcl
#endif
{
	va_list ap;
#if __STDC__
	va_start(ap, fmt);
#else
	va_start(ap);
#endif
	(void)fprintf(stderr, "xargs: ");
	(void)vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
	va_end(ap);
	(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
	exit(1);
	/* NOTREACHED */
}