Commit | Line | Data |
---|---|---|
ecdde2d7 | 1 | # @(#)europe 7.13 |
15637ed4 | 2 | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
3 | # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, |
4 | # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to | |
5 | # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future). | |
15637ed4 | 6 | |
ecdde2d7 | 7 | # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): |
1bd76676 GW |
8 | # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is |
9 | # Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (3rd edition), | |
10 | # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991). | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
11 | # Except where otherwise noted, it is the source for the data below. |
12 | # | |
13 | # I invented the abbreviations marked `*' in the following table; | |
14 | # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources. | |
15 | # The starred Russian names are dubious. Corrections are welcome! | |
16 | # std dst | |
17 | # LMT Local Mean Time | |
18 | # LST Local Star Time (Russian ``mestnoe zvezdnoe vremya'') | |
19 | # -4:00 AST Atlantic | |
20 | # -3:00 WGT+DST Western Greenland* | |
21 | # -2:00 MGT+DST Middle Greenland* | |
22 | # -1:00 EGT+DST Eastern Greenland* | |
23 | # -1:00 ACT+DST Azores and Canaries* | |
24 | # -1:00 IST IDT Iceland (no longer used)* | |
25 | # 0:00 GMT BST Greenwich, British Summer | |
26 | # 0:00 WET+DST Western Europe | |
27 | # 1:00 MET+DST Middle Europe | |
28 | # 2:00 EET+DST Eastern Europe | |
29 | # 3:00 MSK MSD Moscow | |
30 | # 3:00 TUR+DST Turkey (no longer used)* | |
31 | # 4:00 SSK SSD Sverdlovsk* | |
32 | # 5:00 OSK OSD Omsk* | |
33 | # 6:00 NSK NSD Novosibirsk | |
34 | # 7:00 ISK ISD Irkutsk* | |
35 | # 8:00 YSK YSD Yakutsk* | |
36 | # 9:00 VSK VSD Vladivostok* | |
37 | # 10:00 GSK GSD Magadan* | |
38 | # 11:00 PSK PSD Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski* | |
39 | # 12:00 ASK ASD Anadyr* | |
40 | # | |
41 | # See the `africa' file for Zone naming conventions. | |
42 | # | |
43 | # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones, especially in Britain, | |
44 | # is Derek Howse, Greenwich time and the discovery of the longitude, | |
45 | # Oxford University Press (1980). | |
46 | ||
47 | # From Andrew A. Chernov <ache@astral.msk.su> (November 12, 1993): | |
48 | # LST is Local Star Time (``mestnoe zvezdnoe vremya''). | |
1bd76676 | 49 | |
15637ed4 RG |
50 | ############################################################################### |
51 | ||
52 | # United Kingdom | |
53 | ||
ecdde2d7 GW |
54 | # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): |
55 | # | |
56 | # Howse writes that Britain was the first country to use standard time. | |
57 | # The railways cared most about the inconsistencies of local mean time, | |
58 | # and it was they who forced a uniform time on the country. | |
59 | # The original idea was credited to Dr. William Hyde Wollaston (1766-1828); | |
60 | # it was popularized in 1840 by Capt. Basil Hall, RN (1788-1844), | |
61 | # famed explorer and former Commissioner for Longitude. | |
62 | # The first railway to adopt London time was the Great Western Railway | |
63 | # in November 1840; other railways followed suit, and by 1847 most | |
64 | # (though not all) railways used London time. On 1847 Sep 22 the | |
65 | # Railway Clearing House, an industry standards body, recommended that GMT be | |
66 | # adopted at all stations; the January 1848 Bradshaw's lists most major | |
67 | # railways as using GMT. By 1855 the vast majority of public | |
68 | # clocks in Britain were set to GMT (though some, like the Great Clock | |
69 | # in Tom Tower at Christ Church, Oxford, were fitted with two minute hands, | |
70 | # one for local time and one for GMT). The last major holdout was the legal | |
71 | # system, which stubbornly stuck to local time for many years, leading | |
72 | # to oddities like polls opening at 08:13 and closing at 16:13. | |
73 | # The legal system finally switched to GMT when the Statutes (Definition | |
74 | # of Time) Act took effect; it received the Royal Assent on 1880 Aug 2. | |
75 | # | |
76 | # In the tables below, we condense this complicated story into a single | |
77 | # transition date for London, namely 1847 Sep 22. We don't know as much | |
78 | # about Dublin, so we use 1880 Aug 2, the legal transition time. | |
79 | ||
80 | # From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (July 4, 1989): | |
1bd76676 GW |
81 | # |
82 | # From the UK Government paper "Summer Time: A Consultation Document" | |
83 | # (HMSO Cm722 June 1989), which is about the possibility of the UK moving | |
84 | # into the central European timezone and synchronising its summer time with | |
85 | # the rest of Europe (by moving the end date back a month to end Sep., | |
86 | # the start dates are already the same). | |
87 | # | |
88 | # Summer time was not observed before 1916. | |
89 | # It was introduced in the First World War in response to its introduction | |
90 | # by Germany in March 1916. | |
91 | # During the Second World War normal summer time was used in Winter and double | |
92 | # summer time was used in Summer. | |
93 | # Between 1968 and 1971 GMT+1 was used all year as an experiment. | |
94 | # This caused voluble objections in Scotland and the experiment was judged | |
95 | # a failure. | |
96 | # | |
97 | # Although it does not say what happens in Europe, it does say that most | |
98 | # of Europe did not use summer time until 1979, presumably dropping it | |
99 | # after the 1st and/or 2nd war. | |
100 | # | |
101 | # Note that this is not necessarily accurate for Eire. | |
102 | # | |
103 | # The paper gives a complete record of dates from 1916, and dates up to 1992. | |
104 | # The intention is to have the new system, if any, start in 1993. | |
105 | # The dates are (copied exactly from the table in the paper): | |
106 | # | |
ecdde2d7 | 107 | # Summer Time Double Summer Time |
1bd76676 GW |
108 | # Year Start End Start End |
109 | # 1916 21 May 1 October | |
110 | # 1917 8 April 17 September | |
111 | # 1918 24 March 30 September | |
112 | # 1919 30 March 29 September | |
113 | # 1920 28 March 25 October | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
114 | # (extended from |
115 | # 27 Sep. because | |
116 | # of coal strike) | |
1bd76676 GW |
117 | # |
118 | # 1921 3 April 3 October | |
119 | # 1922 26 March 8 October | |
120 | # 1923 22 April 16 September | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
121 | # 1924 20 April 21 September [Some of the dates in these |
122 | # 1925 to 3rd Sunday 1st Sunday three lines are incorrect; | |
123 | # 1938 in April in October -- see below.] | |
1bd76676 GW |
124 | # |
125 | # 1939 16 April 19 November | |
126 | # 1940 25 February continued | |
127 | # 1941 continued continued 4 May 10 August | |
128 | # 1942 continued continued 5 April 9 August | |
129 | # 1943 continued continued 4 April 15 August | |
130 | # 1944 continued continued 2 April 17 September | |
131 | # 1945 continued 7 October 2 April 15 July | |
132 | # | |
133 | # 1946 14 April 6 October | |
134 | # 1947 16 March 2 November 13 April 10 August | |
135 | # 1948 14 March 31 October | |
136 | # 1949 3 April 30 October | |
137 | # 1950 16 April 22 October | |
138 | # 1951 15 April 21 October | |
139 | # 1952 20 April 26 October | |
140 | # | |
141 | # 1953 19 April 4 October | |
142 | # 1954 11 April 3 October | |
143 | # 1955 17 April 2 October | |
ecdde2d7 | 144 | # 1956 15 April 7 October [`15 April' is disputed; see below.] |
1bd76676 GW |
145 | # 1957 14 April 6 October |
146 | # 1958 20 April 5 October | |
147 | # 1959 19 April 4 October | |
148 | # 1960 10 April 2 October | |
149 | # | |
150 | # 1961 26 March 29 October | |
151 | # 1962 25 March 28 October | |
152 | # 1963 31 March 27 October | |
153 | # 1964 22 March 25 October | |
154 | # 1965 21 March 24 October | |
155 | # 1966 20 March 23 October | |
156 | # 1967 19 March 29 October | |
157 | # | |
158 | # 1968 18 February continued | |
159 | # 1969 continued continued | |
160 | # 1970 continued continued | |
161 | # 1971 continued 31 October | |
162 | # 1972 19 March 29 October | |
163 | # 1973 18 March 28 October | |
164 | # 1974 17 March 27 October | |
165 | # | |
166 | # 1975 16 March 26 October | |
167 | # 1976 21 March 24 October | |
168 | # 1977 20 March 23 October | |
169 | # 1978 19 March 29 October | |
170 | # 1979 18 March 28 October | |
171 | # 1980 16 March 26 October | |
172 | # 1981 29 March 25 October | |
15637ed4 | 173 | # |
1bd76676 GW |
174 | # 1982 28 March 24 October |
175 | # 1983 27 March 23 October | |
176 | # 1984 25 March 28 October | |
177 | # 1985 31 March 27 October | |
178 | # 1986 30 March 26 October | |
179 | # 1987 29 March 25 October | |
180 | # 1988 27 March 23 October | |
181 | # | |
182 | # 1989 26 March 29 October | |
183 | # 1990 25 March 28 October | |
184 | # 1991 31 March 27 October | |
185 | # 1992 29 March 25 October | |
186 | # | |
187 | # These dates agree with the ones from Whitaker's Almanac for 1960--87. . . | |
188 | ||
ecdde2d7 GW |
189 | # From Peter Ilieve (peter@memex.co.uk) (October 18, 1993) |
190 | # | |
191 | # I made a transcription error in my table for 1924. The government Green | |
192 | # Paper I was copying from actually says 20 April, which I mangled into | |
193 | # 30 April. | |
1bd76676 | 194 | # |
ecdde2d7 GW |
195 | # This still differs from the 13 April printed in Shanks' book. I would |
196 | # side with Shanks here. Software that purports to calculate the date of | |
197 | # Easter says that 20 April 1924 was Easter. The Summer Time Act 1922, | |
198 | # which was the relevant law at the time, says that Summer Time starts | |
199 | # after the 3rd Saturday in April, unless that is Easter, when it is the | |
200 | # 2nd Saturday. I asked the Home Office about this discrepancy but they | |
201 | # weren't interested in helping at all. | |
1bd76676 | 202 | # |
ecdde2d7 GW |
203 | # If you continue to include my email with the table of dates in it in |
204 | # your europe file I would appreciate it saying the 20 April for 1924, as | |
205 | # that is what the document I was quoting from said. Add a note somewhere | |
206 | # to say that the date is almost certainly bogus. | |
1bd76676 GW |
207 | |
208 | # From Arthur David Olson (January 19, 1989): | |
15637ed4 RG |
209 | # |
210 | # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's | |
211 | # known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom. | |
15637ed4 | 212 | |
15637ed4 RG |
213 | # Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed) |
214 | # From: Jonathan Leffler <nih-csl!uunet!mcvax!sphinx.co.uk!john> | |
15637ed4 RG |
215 | # [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament. |
216 | # If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in | |
217 | # politics making a fortune, not computing. | |
15637ed4 | 218 | |
ecdde2d7 | 219 | # From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (September 3, 1993): |
1bd76676 GW |
220 | # |
221 | # I have some more up to date info. | |
ecdde2d7 | 222 | # |
1bd76676 GW |
223 | # Our Government...couldn't...make a decision after the 1989 consultation |
224 | # exercise about the UK changing its timezone so it just let things drift | |
225 | # (different from deciding to keep the status quo). According to the | |
226 | # Summer Time Order 1992 (SI 1992/1729) the dates of Summer Time for 1993 | |
227 | # and 1994 are: | |
ecdde2d7 | 228 | # Start End |
1bd76676 GW |
229 | # 1993 28 March 24 October |
230 | # 1994 27 March 23 October | |
231 | # All start and end times are at 01:00 GMT. | |
ecdde2d7 | 232 | # |
1bd76676 GW |
233 | # There [was] an error in your tables for the start and end times prior to 1981. |
234 | # The UK always used to change at 02:00 GMT. In 1981 it changed to 01:00 GMT | |
235 | # as a part of EC harmonisation and has remained at that time since. | |
ecdde2d7 | 236 | # |
1bd76676 GW |
237 | # I have found the default algorithm for UK Summer Time, it is in the |
238 | # Summer Time Act 1972. Section 1 states that in the absence of an Order | |
239 | # in Council Summer Time starts at 02:00 GMT on the morning of the day | |
240 | # after the third Saturday in March, unless that day is Easter Day, in | |
241 | # which case it is the morning of the day after the second Saturday. | |
242 | # It ends at 02:00 GMT on the morning of the day after the fourth Saturday | |
243 | # in October. (All the redundant `morning of the day ...' is in the Act.) | |
244 | # This is only of passing interest now as it will always be overridden by | |
245 | # an Order in Council (a Statutary Instrument, the SI thing mentioned above) | |
246 | # to specify the EC specified dates. | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
247 | |
248 | # From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (October 18, 1993): | |
249 | # | |
250 | # My contact in the Ministry of Defence Public Relations department | |
251 | # accepted the challenge of looking into this and produced the following, | |
252 | # from Hansard (the official record of the UK Parliament), Oral Answers, | |
253 | # 1 March 1945, cols 1559--60: | |
254 | # | |
255 | # `58. Major Sir Goronwy Owen asked the Secretary of State for the Home | |
256 | # Department if he is now able to state the Government's proposals | |
257 | # regarding double summer time. | |
258 | # | |
259 | # [two other similar questions omitted] | |
260 | # | |
261 | # Mr. H. Morrison: The Government, in reviewing the matter, have | |
262 | # considered, [...] the conclusion has been reached that the adoption of | |
263 | # double summer time from the beginning of April is essential to the | |
264 | # maintenance of the war effort. [...] As 1st April is Easter Sunday, | |
265 | # when very early services are held in many churches, it is proposed that | |
266 | # double summer time shall start not in the night preceding Easter | |
267 | # Sunday, but in the night of Sunday- Monday so that it will operate from | |
268 | # Monday, 2nd April.' | |
269 | ||
270 | # From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (September 3, 1993): | |
15637ed4 | 271 | # |
1bd76676 GW |
272 | # > # Current rules |
273 | # > Rule GB-Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 BST | |
274 | # > Rule GB-Eire 1981 max - Oct Sun>=23 1:00s 0 GMT | |
ecdde2d7 | 275 | # |
1bd76676 GW |
276 | # The ending rule here doesn't match the EC rules, which specify the fourth |
277 | # Sunday in October for the UK and Eire. The `fourth Sunday' rule wasn't | |
278 | # followed in 1989, but then the sixth EC directive wasn't in force then | |
279 | # and I don't know what previous ones said. 1995 is the next year with | |
280 | # the 4th Sun on 22 Oct, but that year isn't covered by the UK Summer Time | |
281 | # Order or the sixth EC directive. Your Oct Sun>=23 rule matches history | |
282 | # and with things only announced for 2 years or so in advance who knows | |
283 | # what will happen. | |
ecdde2d7 | 284 | # |
1bd76676 GW |
285 | # There are renewed rumours that the Government here will make another |
286 | # attempt at resolving this issue, which is what prompted me to start | |
287 | # asking the Home Office and the EC about it again. The EC categorically | |
288 | # state they are not asking anybody to change timezone, they only want | |
289 | # common start/end dates. The UK Govt. seem to want to change our zone | |
290 | # and blame the resulting fuss on the EC. Me, I think we should scrap | |
291 | # summer time completely, noon is when the Sun is overhead, and that should | |
292 | # be the end of it. | |
15637ed4 | 293 | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
294 | # From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (October 22, 1993): |
295 | # | |
296 | # I now have the text of the Summer Time Act 1916, the granddaddy of them all. | |
297 | # It is headed: `An Act to provide for the Time in Great Britain and Ireland | |
298 | # being in advance of Greenwich and Dublin mean time respectively in the | |
299 | # summer months'. | |
300 | # | |
301 | # It specifies 21 May and 1 October for 1916 (both at 02:00 GMT) and whatever | |
302 | # dates an Order in Council may specify for subsequent years. | |
303 | # | |
304 | # Section 4 states: `This act shall apply to Ireland in like manner as it | |
305 | # applies to Great Britain, with the substitution however of references | |
306 | # to Dublin mean time for references to Greenwich mean time.' | |
307 | # | |
308 | # Lorna, my learned legal friend who supplied it, also offers this quote | |
309 | # from Halsbury's Statutes on the extent of Acts: | |
310 | # | |
311 | # `An Act of the United Kingdom Parliament is to be construed prima facie | |
312 | # to apply to the whole of the United Kingdom and not to any place outside. | |
313 | # [...] The expression "United Kingdom" for this purpose includes (since | |
314 | # 1922) Great Britain (ie. England, Wales and Scotland) and Northern Ireland, | |
315 | # but it does not include the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.' | |
316 | # | |
317 | # She goes on to say the seminal event of 1922 was the establishment of | |
318 | # the Irish Free State, now called Eire. | |
319 | # | |
320 | # The Act doesn't say anything about Wales (or Scotland) so I would assert | |
321 | # that Shanks is wrong here. I would like to know why he thinks Wales | |
322 | # was different. | |
323 | # | |
324 | # It also confirms the fact that Ireland followed Dublin time back then, | |
325 | # and 25 minutes behind Greenwich, as Shanks has it, would be correct. | |
326 | ||
327 | # From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (October 28, 1993): | |
328 | # | |
329 | # I now have before me, thanks to my learned legal friend Lorna, the text of | |
330 | # the Time (Ireland) Act 1916. | |
331 | # | |
332 | # It says that as from 2 AM Dublin Mean Time on 1 October 1916 the time | |
333 | # for general purposes in Ireland shall be the same as the rest of Great | |
334 | # Britain (ie. GMT with the Summer Time periods specified by the Summer Time | |
335 | # Act 1916).... As Ireland was behind GMT/BST at 02:00 DMT on 1 Oct GB would | |
336 | # have already put the clocks back. Using DST as Dublin Summer Time the | |
337 | # sequence would have been: | |
338 | # Dublin London | |
339 | # 02:34 DST 02:59 BST | |
340 | # 02:35 DST 02:00 GMT | |
341 | # 02:59 DST 02:24 GMT | |
342 | # 02:25 GMT 02:25 GMT | |
343 | # with the transition 03:00 DST -> 02:00 DMT -> 02:25 GMT all at once. | |
344 | # | |
345 | # In a table of repeals in the Schedule to the Act it mentions the | |
346 | # Statutes (Definition of Time) Act 1880. This is presumably the source | |
347 | # of the 1880 date in Shanks. The little bit of it that is repealed | |
348 | # also refers solely to Ireland and Dublin Mean Time. | |
349 | ||
350 | # From Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> (October 29, 1993): | |
351 | # | |
352 | # My case is that, with the sole exception of Ireland in 1916 using Dublin | |
353 | # Mean Time, Summer Time has been uniform throughout the United Kingdom | |
354 | # ever since it first started in 1916. | |
355 | # | |
356 | # The United Kingdom is England, Wales and Scotland plus all of Ireland from | |
357 | # 1916 up to and including 1921, or plus Northern Ireland from 1922 to date. | |
358 | # | |
359 | # The dates used are those specified in the table in Summer Time: A Consultation | |
360 | # Document (Cm 722, 1989) that are now included in the europe file, with a | |
361 | # change to a single date, the start in 1924. I made a typo in my 1989 mail | |
362 | # and the table itself is also wrong. The correct date is 13 April. | |
363 | # The times were 02:00 GMT up to and including 1980, 01:00 GMT from 1981 on, | |
364 | # except for wartime double summer time. | |
365 | # | |
366 | # As evidence I would cite: | |
367 | # | |
368 | # - The Summer Time Act, 1916. | |
369 | # | |
370 | # This specifically states that it applies to Ireland, specifies dates of | |
371 | # 21 May and 1 October and times of 02:00, and says that in Ireland the | |
372 | # times relate to Dublin mean time. It specifies an offset of 1 hour. | |
373 | # | |
374 | # - The Time (Ireland) Act, 1916 | |
375 | # | |
376 | # This abolishes Dublin mean time on 02:00 DMT 1 October 1916. | |
377 | # It repeals that section of the Statutes (Definition of Time) Act, 1880 | |
378 | # that specifies DMT. It is therefore a safe bet that DMT existed at least | |
379 | # from 1880 and was the only alternative standard time in the UK. | |
380 | # | |
381 | # - The Summer Time Act, 1922 | |
382 | # | |
383 | # This specifies an offset of 1 hour and dates of the day after the third | |
384 | # Saturday in April, unless that be Easter, in which case it is the day after | |
385 | # the second Saturday, and the day after the third Saturday in September. | |
386 | # The time is 02:00 GMT. It applied in 1922 and 1923, and longer if Parliament | |
387 | # so approved. | |
388 | # | |
389 | # It specifically states that it applies to Northern Ireland, the Channel | |
390 | # Islands, and the Isle of Man. | |
391 | # | |
392 | # - The Summer Time Act, 1925 | |
393 | # | |
394 | # This makes the 1922 Act permanent, with a change to the end date to the | |
395 | # day after the first Saturday in October. It says nothing about extent, | |
396 | # so that part of the 1922 Act will still apply. | |
397 | # | |
398 | # - The Defence (Summer Time) Regulations, 1939, SR&O 1939 No. 1379 | |
399 | # [SR&O == Statutary Regulation and Order] | |
400 | # | |
401 | # These were made under the Emergency Powers (Defence) Act, 1939. | |
402 | # It changes the end date to be the day after the third Saturday in November. | |
403 | # It makes consequential changes to some vehicle lighting legislation, | |
404 | # which includes the Motor Vehicles and Road Traffic (Northern Ireland) Act, | |
405 | # 1934, so it seems clear it applies in Northern Ireland. | |
406 | # | |
407 | # - An Order in Council amending the The Defence (Summer Time) Regulations, | |
408 | # 1939, SR&O 1940 No. 1883 | |
409 | # | |
410 | # This continues summer time throughout the year after it starts in 1940. | |
411 | # It says nothing about extent and has no consequential changes. | |
412 | # | |
413 | # - An Order in Council amending the The Defence (Summer Time) Regulations, | |
414 | # 1939, SR&O 1941 No. 476 | |
415 | # | |
416 | # This introduces double summer time, starting at 01:00 GMT on the day after | |
417 | # the first Saturday in May and ending at 01:00 GMT on the day after the | |
418 | # second Saturday in August, offset another hour from normal summer time, | |
419 | # which continues throughout the rest of the year. It goes on a lot about | |
420 | # consequential changes to agricultural wages legislation, and says in part | |
421 | # `... and in its application to Northern Ireland have effect as | |
422 | # if for the references to the Agricultural Wages (Regulation) Acts, 1924 and | |
423 | # 1940, there were substituted references to the Agricultural Wages (Regulation) | |
424 | # Acts (Northern Ireland), 1939 and 1940, ...'. It also has a similar section | |
425 | # for Scotland. Both sections substitute the local Agricultural Wages Board | |
426 | # for the Agricultural Wages Board for England and Wales, showing that | |
427 | # England and Wales were indivisible. | |
428 | # | |
429 | # - An Order in Council amending the The Defence (Summer Time) Regulations, | |
430 | # 1939, SR&O 1942 No. 506 | |
431 | # | |
432 | # This changes the start date of double summer time to the day after the first | |
433 | # Saturday in April. It says nothing about extent. | |
434 | # | |
435 | # - An Order in Council amending the The Defence (Summer Time) Regulations, | |
436 | # 1939, SR&O 1944 No. 932 | |
437 | # | |
438 | # This changed the end date of double summer time to 17 September 1944. | |
439 | # (I don't have the text of this, just a note of what it did, the text almost | |
440 | # certainly had the `day after the nth Saturday' form.) | |
441 | # | |
442 | # (I am missing whatever regulations there were to change things in 1945 | |
443 | # and the Summer Time Act, 1947.) | |
444 | # | |
445 | # - The British Standard Time Act, 1968 | |
446 | # | |
447 | # This came into force on 27 October 1968 and continued summer time throughout | |
448 | # the year as an experiment until it expired on 31 October 1971. | |
449 | # There was no double summer time so we didn't have to change the clocks at all. | |
450 | # It specifically said it applied to Northern Ireland. It also said it | |
451 | # applied to Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man unless they passed | |
452 | # measures saying it didn't. | |
453 | # | |
454 | # - The Manx Time Act, 1968 | |
455 | # | |
456 | # This is an Act of Tynwald (the Isle of Man Parliament) that said that | |
457 | # henceforth Manx time would be the same as the time in Great Britain. | |
458 | # | |
459 | # - The Summer Time Act, 1972 | |
460 | # | |
461 | # This specified a reversion to normal summer time behaviour with a start | |
462 | # date of the day after the third Saturday in March, unless that is Easter, | |
463 | # when it is the day after the second Saturday, and an end date of the day | |
464 | # after the fourth Saturday in October. Times are at 02:00 GMT, offset is | |
465 | # 1 hour. | |
466 | # | |
467 | # It has the same wording about extent as the British Standard Time Act, 1968, | |
468 | # applying to Northern Ireland unconditionally and to Jersey, Guernsey and the | |
469 | # Isle of Man if they don't do something about it. | |
470 | # | |
471 | # (I am missing various Summer Time Orders that modified the 1972 Act to | |
472 | # harmonise with the EC since 1981. The major change is that the time changes | |
473 | # to 01:00 GMT.) | |
474 | # | |
475 | # - The Summer Time Order, 1992, SI 1992/1729 [SI == Statutary Instrument] | |
476 | # | |
477 | # This specifies dates of: | |
478 | # Start End | |
479 | # 1993 28 March 24 October | |
480 | # 1994 27 March 23 October | |
481 | # All start and end times are at 01:00 GMT. | |
482 | # This is as far as it goes at present. A new EC directive is expected soon | |
483 | # and this will lead to a new Summer Time Order implementing it in the UK. | |
484 | # | |
485 | # - Some text on the extent of Acts, from Halsbury's Statutes | |
486 | # | |
487 | # `An Act of the United Kingdom Parliament is to be construed prima facie | |
488 | # to apply to the whole of the United Kingdom and not to any place outside. | |
489 | # [...] The expression "United Kingdom" for this purpose includes (since | |
490 | # 1922) Great Britain (ie. England, Wales and Scotland) and Northern Ireland, | |
491 | # but it does not include the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.' | |
492 | # | |
493 | # So, many of these measures specifically include Northern Ireland, | |
494 | # the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. None of them exclude any | |
495 | # part of the UK. The default interpretation of Acts is that they apply | |
496 | # throughout the UK. | |
497 | # | |
498 | # With that, I rest my case Milud :-) | |
499 | # | |
500 | # Thanks are due to my learned legal friend Lorna Montgomerie, who dug out | |
501 | # the dusty old statutes, and to Melanie Allison of the Ministry of Defence, | |
502 | # who provided the wartime regulations and a snippet of Hansard explaining | |
503 | # why double summer time started on a Monday in 1945 (it was Easter). | |
504 | ||
505 | # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): | |
506 | # | |
507 | # As Ilieve remarks, the date `20 April 1924' in the table of ``Summer Time: A | |
508 | # Consultation Document'' (Cm 722, 1989) table is a transcription error; | |
509 | # 20 April was an Easter Sunday. Shanks has 13 April, the correct date. | |
510 | # Also, the table is not quite right for 1925 through 1938; the correct rules | |
511 | # (which Shanks uses) are given in the Summer Time Acts of 1922 and 1925. | |
512 | # Shanks and the UK Government paper disagree about the Apr 1956 transition; | |
513 | # since we have no other data, and since Shanks was correct in the other | |
514 | # points of disagreement about London, we'll believe Shanks for now. | |
515 | # Also, for lack of other data, we'll follow Shanks for Eire in 1940-1948. | |
516 | # | |
517 | # Given Peter Ilieve's comments, the following claims by Shanks are incorrect: | |
518 | # * Wales did not switch from GMT to daylight savings time until | |
519 | # 1921 Apr 3, when they began to conform with the rest of Great Britain. | |
520 | # Actually, Wales was identical after 1880. | |
521 | # * Eire had two transitions on 1916 Oct 1. | |
522 | # It actually just had one transition. | |
523 | # * Northern Ireland used single daylight savings time throughout WW II. | |
524 | # Actually, it conformed to Britain. | |
525 | # | |
526 | # The following claim by Shanks is possible though doubtful; | |
527 | # we'll ignore it for now. | |
528 | # * Jersey, Guernsey, and the Isle of Man did not switch from GMT | |
529 | # to daylight savings time until 1921 Apr 3, when they began to | |
530 | # conform with Great Britain. | |
531 | ||
15637ed4 | 532 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
ecdde2d7 | 533 | Rule GB-Eire 1847 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 GMT |
1bd76676 GW |
534 | # 1916 to 1925--irregular |
535 | Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - May 21 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
536 | Rule GB-Eire 1916 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 GMT | |
537 | Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
538 | Rule GB-Eire 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 GMT | |
539 | Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Mar 24 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
540 | Rule GB-Eire 1918 only - Sep 30 2:00s 0 GMT | |
541 | Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Mar 30 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
542 | Rule GB-Eire 1919 only - Sep 29 2:00s 0 GMT | |
ecdde2d7 | 543 | Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Mar 28 2:00s 1:00 BST |
1bd76676 GW |
544 | Rule GB-Eire 1920 only - Oct 25 2:00s 0 GMT |
545 | Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
546 | Rule GB-Eire 1921 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 GMT | |
547 | Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
548 | Rule GB-Eire 1922 only - Oct 8 2:00s 0 GMT | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
549 | Rule GB-Eire 1923 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST |
550 | Rule GB-Eire 1923 1924 - Sep Sun>=16 2:00s 0 GMT | |
1bd76676 | 551 | Rule GB-Eire 1924 only - Apr 13 2:00s 1:00 BST |
ecdde2d7 GW |
552 | # 1925 to 1939 start--regular, except for avoiding Easter |
553 | Rule GB-Eire 1925 1926 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
554 | Rule GB-Eire 1925 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 GMT | |
555 | Rule GB-Eire 1927 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
556 | Rule GB-Eire 1928 1929 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
557 | Rule GB-Eire 1930 only - Apr 13 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
558 | Rule GB-Eire 1931 1932 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
559 | Rule GB-Eire 1933 only - Apr 9 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
560 | Rule GB-Eire 1934 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
561 | Rule GB-Eire 1935 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
562 | Rule GB-Eire 1936 1937 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
563 | Rule GB-Eire 1938 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
564 | Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
1bd76676 GW |
565 | # 1939 end to 1947--irregular, and with double summer time |
566 | Rule GB-Eire 1939 only - Nov 19 2:00s 0 GMT | |
567 | Rule GB-Eire 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
568 | Rule GB-Eire 1941 only - May Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 DST |
569 | Rule GB-Eire 1941 1943 - Aug Sun>=9 1:00s 1:00 BST | |
570 | Rule GB-Eire 1942 1944 - Apr Sun>=2 1:00s 2:00 DST | |
571 | Rule GB-Eire 1944 only - Sep Sun>=16 1:00s 1:00 BST | |
572 | # Double daylight starts on a Monday in 1945--see above. | |
573 | Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Apr 2 1:00s 2:00 DST | |
574 | Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Jul 15 1:00s 1:00 BST | |
1bd76676 GW |
575 | Rule GB-Eire 1945 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 GMT |
576 | Rule GB-Eire 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
577 | Rule GB-Eire 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 GMT | |
578 | Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Mar 16 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
579 | Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Apr 13 1:00s 2:00 DST |
580 | Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Aug 10 1:00s 1:00 BST | |
1bd76676 GW |
581 | Rule GB-Eire 1947 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 GMT |
582 | # So much for double saving time. 1948 and 1949, irregular. | |
583 | Rule GB-Eire 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
ecdde2d7 | 584 | Rule GB-Eire 1948 1949 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 GMT |
1bd76676 | 585 | Rule GB-Eire 1949 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 BST |
1bd76676 GW |
586 | # 1950 through start of 1953, regular. |
587 | Rule GB-Eire 1950 1953 - Apr Sun>=14 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
588 | Rule GB-Eire 1950 1952 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00s 0 GMT | |
589 | # 1954 to 1980, starting rules | |
590 | Rule GB-Eire 1954 only - Apr 11 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
591 | Rule GB-Eire 1955 1956 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST |
592 | Rule GB-Eire 1957 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
593 | Rule GB-Eire 1958 1959 - Apr Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
1bd76676 GW |
594 | Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 BST |
595 | Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
596 | Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
597 | Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 2:00s 1:00 BST | |
598 | # 1953 to 1980, ending rules | |
599 | Rule GB-Eire 1953 1960 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 GMT | |
600 | Rule GB-Eire 1961 1967 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT | |
ecdde2d7 | 601 | Rule GB-Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 3:00 0 GMT |
1bd76676 | 602 | Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Oct Sun>=23 2:00s 0 GMT |
15637ed4 RG |
603 | # Current rules |
604 | Rule GB-Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 BST | |
1bd76676 | 605 | Rule GB-Eire 1981 max - Oct Sun>=23 1:00s 0 GMT |
15637ed4 | 606 | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
607 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
608 | Zone Europe/London -0:00:37 - LMT 1847 Sep 22 | |
609 | 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 | |
610 | 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 2:00 | |
611 | 0:00 GB-Eire %s | |
612 | Zone Europe/Belfast -0:23:40 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 | |
613 | -0:25 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT | |
614 | -0:25 1:00 DST 1916 Oct 1 3:00 | |
615 | 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 | |
616 | 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 3:00 | |
617 | 0:00 GB-Eire %s | |
618 | Zone Europe/Dublin -0:25:00 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 | |
619 | -0:25 - DMT 1916 May 21 2:00 # Dublin MT | |
620 | -0:25 1:00 DST 1916 Oct 1 3:00 | |
621 | 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1940 Feb 25 2:00 | |
622 | 0:00 1:00 BST 1946 Oct 6 2:00 | |
623 | 0:00 - GMT 1947 Mar 16 2:00 | |
624 | 0:00 1:00 BST 1947 Nov 2 2:00 | |
625 | 0:00 - GMT 1948 Apr 18 2:00 | |
626 | 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Feb 18 2:00 | |
627 | 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 3:00 | |
628 | 0:00 GB-Eire %s | |
15637ed4 RG |
629 | |
630 | ############################################################################### | |
631 | ||
632 | # Continental Europe | |
633 | ||
ecdde2d7 GW |
634 | Rule W-Eur 1800 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - |
635 | Rule W-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
636 | Rule W-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - | |
637 | Rule W-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00s 0 - | |
638 | Rule W-Eur 1979 max - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - | |
1bd76676 | 639 | Rule W-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 " DST" |
15637ed4 | 640 | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
641 | Rule M-Eur 1800 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - |
642 | Rule M-Eur 1916 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
643 | Rule M-Eur 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - | |
644 | Rule M-Eur 1917 1918 - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
645 | Rule M-Eur 1917 1918 - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - | |
646 | Rule M-Eur 1940 only - Apr 1 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
647 | Rule M-Eur 1942 only - Nov 2 2:00s 0 - | |
648 | Rule M-Eur 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
649 | Rule M-Eur 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00s 0 - | |
650 | Rule M-Eur 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
651 | Rule M-Eur 1944 only - Oct 2 2:00s 0 - | |
652 | Rule M-Eur 1977 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
653 | Rule M-Eur 1977 only - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
654 | Rule M-Eur 1978 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - | |
655 | Rule M-Eur 1979 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
1bd76676 | 656 | Rule M-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 " DST" |
15637ed4 | 657 | |
1bd76676 GW |
658 | Rule E-Eur 1981 max - Mar lastSun 3:00s 1:00 " DST" |
659 | Rule E-Eur 1981 max - Sep lastSun 3:00s 0 - | |
15637ed4 | 660 | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
661 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
662 | Rule Russia 1880 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - | |
663 | Rule Russia 1917 only - Jul 1 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
664 | Rule Russia 1917 only - Dec 28 0:00 0 - | |
665 | Rule Russia 1918 only - May 31 22:00 2:00 " DDST" | |
666 | Rule Russia 1918 only - Sep 17 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
667 | Rule Russia 1919 only - May 31 23:00 2:00 " DDST" | |
668 | Rule Russia 1919 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 D | |
669 | Rule Russia 1919 only - Aug 16 0:00 0 K | |
670 | Rule Russia 1921 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 D | |
671 | # Shanks gives 1921 Mar 21 for the following transition. | |
672 | # From Andrew A. Chernov <ache@astral.msk.su> (November 12, 1993): | |
673 | # My sources says, that it is Mar 20, not 21. | |
674 | Rule Russia 1921 only - Mar 20 23:00 2:00 DD | |
675 | Rule Russia 1921 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 D | |
676 | Rule Russia 1921 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 K | |
677 | Rule Russia 1981 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D | |
678 | Rule Russia 1981 1983 - Oct 1 0:00 0 K | |
679 | Rule Russia 1984 1990 - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 K | |
680 | Rule Russia 1985 1990 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D | |
681 | Rule Russia 1992 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 K | |
682 | Rule Russia 1992 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D | |
15637ed4 | 683 | |
ecdde2d7 | 684 | # These are for backward compatibility with older versions. |
15637ed4 | 685 | |
ecdde2d7 GW |
686 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
687 | Zone WET 0:00 W-Eur WET%s | |
688 | Zone MET 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
689 | Zone EET 2:00 E-Eur EET%s | |
690 | Zone W-SU 3:00 M-Eur ???? | |
15637ed4 RG |
691 | |
692 | # Tom Hoffman says that MET is also known as Central European Time | |
693 | ||
694 | Link MET CET | |
695 | ||
ecdde2d7 GW |
696 | # Albania |
697 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
698 | Rule Albania 1940 only - Jun 16 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
699 | Rule Albania 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - | |
700 | Rule Albania 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 " DST" | |
701 | Rule Albania 1943 only - Apr 10 3:00 0 - | |
702 | Rule Albania 1974 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
703 | Rule Albania 1974 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - | |
704 | Rule Albania 1975 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
705 | Rule Albania 1975 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - | |
706 | Rule Albania 1976 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
707 | Rule Albania 1976 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - | |
708 | Rule Albania 1977 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
709 | Rule Albania 1977 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - | |
710 | Rule Albania 1978 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
711 | Rule Albania 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
712 | Rule Albania 1979 only - May 5 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
713 | Rule Albania 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - | |
714 | Rule Albania 1980 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
715 | Rule Albania 1980 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - | |
716 | Rule Albania 1981 only - Apr 26 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
717 | Rule Albania 1981 only - Sep 27 0:00 0 - | |
718 | Rule Albania 1982 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
719 | Rule Albania 1982 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - | |
720 | Rule Albania 1983 only - Apr 18 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
721 | Rule Albania 1983 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
722 | Rule Albania 1984 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
723 | Rule Albania 1984 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
724 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
725 | Zone Europe/Tirane 1:19:20 - LMT 1914 | |
726 | 1:00 - MET 1940 Jun 16 | |
727 | 1:00 Albania MET%s 1985 Mar 31 1:00 | |
728 | 1:00 W-Eur MET%s | |
729 | ||
730 | # Andorra | |
731 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
732 | Zone Europe/Andorra 0:06:04 - LMT 1901 | |
733 | 0:00 - WET 1946 Sep 30 | |
734 | 1:00 - MET 1985 Mar 31 2:00 | |
735 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
736 | ||
737 | # Austria | |
738 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
739 | Rule Austria 1918 only - Jun 16 3:00 0 - | |
740 | Rule Austria 1920 only - Apr 5 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
741 | Rule Austria 1920 only - Sep 13 2:00s 0 - | |
742 | Rule Austria 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
743 | Rule Austria 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 - | |
744 | Rule Austria 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
745 | Rule Austria 1946 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
746 | Rule Austria 1947 only - Apr 6 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
747 | Rule Austria 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
748 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
749 | Zone Europe/Vienna 1:05:20 - LMT 1893 Apr | |
750 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1918 Jun 16 3:00 | |
751 | 1:00 Austria MET%s 1940 Apr 1 2:00 | |
752 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 | |
753 | 1:00 Austria MET%s 1981 Mar 29 2:00 | |
754 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
755 | ||
756 | # Belarus | |
757 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
758 | Zone Europe/Minsk 1:50:16 - LMT 1880 | |
759 | 2:31 Russia LST%s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 | |
760 | 3:00 Russia MS%s 1922 Oct | |
761 | 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 | |
762 | 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
763 | 2:00 Russia MS%s | |
764 | ||
765 | # Belgium | |
766 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
767 | Rule Belgium 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
768 | Rule Belgium 1919 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - | |
769 | Rule Belgium 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
770 | Rule Belgium 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - | |
771 | Rule Belgium 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
772 | Rule Belgium 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 - | |
773 | Rule Belgium 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
774 | Rule Belgium 1922 1928 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - | |
775 | Rule Belgium 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
776 | Rule Belgium 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
777 | Rule Belgium 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
778 | Rule Belgium 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
779 | Rule Belgium 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
780 | Rule Belgium 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
781 | Rule Belgium 1929 1938 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 - | |
782 | Rule Belgium 1929 only - Apr 21 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
783 | Rule Belgium 1930 only - Apr 13 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
784 | Rule Belgium 1931 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
785 | Rule Belgium 1932 only - Apr 17 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
786 | Rule Belgium 1933 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
787 | Rule Belgium 1934 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
788 | Rule Belgium 1935 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
789 | Rule Belgium 1936 only - Apr 19 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
790 | Rule Belgium 1937 only - Apr 4 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
791 | Rule Belgium 1938 only - Mar 27 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
792 | Rule Belgium 1939 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
793 | Rule Belgium 1939 only - Nov 19 2:00s 0 - | |
794 | Rule Belgium 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
795 | Rule Belgium 1945 only - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - | |
796 | Rule Belgium 1946 only - May 19 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
797 | Rule Belgium 1946 only - Oct 7 2:00s 0 - | |
798 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
799 | Zone Europe/Brussels 0:17:20 - LMT 1880 | |
800 | 0:17 - BST 1892 May 1 12:00 | |
801 | 0:00 - WET 1914 Aug 4 | |
802 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1919 Mar 1 23:00 | |
803 | 0:00 Belgium WET%s 1940 Feb 24 23:00 | |
804 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 | |
805 | 1:00 Belgium MET%s 1977 Apr 3 2:00 | |
806 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
807 | ||
808 | # Bosnia and Herzegovina | |
809 | # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18. | |
810 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
811 | Zone Europe/Sarajevo 1:13:40 - LMT 1884 | |
812 | 1:00 - MET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 | |
813 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s | |
814 | 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s | |
815 | 1:00 - MET 1983 Mar 27 2:00s | |
816 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
817 | ||
818 | # Bulgaria | |
819 | # Part switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1915 Nov 14; | |
820 | # the rest switched on 1920 Sep 17. | |
821 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
822 | Rule Bulg 1979 only - Mar 31 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
823 | Rule Bulg 1979 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - | |
824 | Rule Bulg 1980 1982 - Apr Sat<=7 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
825 | Rule Bulg 1980 only - Sep 29 1:00 0 - | |
826 | Rule Bulg 1981 only - Sep 27 2:00 0 - | |
827 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
828 | Zone Europe/Sofia 1:33:16 - LMT 1880 | |
829 | 1:57 - TST 1894 Nov 30 | |
830 | 2:00 - EET 1942 Nov 2 3:00 | |
831 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 3:00 | |
832 | 2:00 - EET 1979 Mar 31 23:00 | |
833 | 2:00 Bulg EET%s 1982 Sep 26 2:00 | |
834 | 2:00 M-Eur EET%s | |
835 | ||
836 | # Croatia | |
837 | # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18. | |
838 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
839 | Zone Europe/Zagreb 1:03:52 - LMT 1884 | |
840 | 1:00 - MET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 | |
841 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s | |
842 | 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s | |
843 | 1:00 - MET 1983 Mar 27 2:00s | |
844 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
845 | ||
846 | # Czech Republic | |
847 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
848 | Rule Czech 1944 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 - | |
849 | Rule Czech 1945 only - Apr 8 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
850 | Rule Czech 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 - | |
851 | Rule Czech 1946 only - May 6 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
852 | Rule Czech 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
853 | Rule Czech 1947 only - Apr 20 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
854 | Rule Czech 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
855 | Rule Czech 1949 only - Apr 9 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
856 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
857 | Zone Europe/Prague 0:57:44 - LMT 1850 | |
858 | 0:58 - PMT 1891 Oct # Prague Mean Time | |
859 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Sep 17 2:00s | |
860 | 1:00 Czech MET%s 1979 Apr 1 2:00 | |
861 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
862 | ||
863 | # Denmark | |
864 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
865 | Rule Denmark 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
866 | Rule Denmark 1916 only - Sep 30 23:00 0 - | |
867 | Rule Denmark 1940 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
868 | Rule Denmark 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
869 | Rule Denmark 1945 only - Aug 15 2:00s 0 - | |
870 | Rule Denmark 1946 only - May 1 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
871 | Rule Denmark 1946 only - Sep 1 2:00s 0 - | |
872 | Rule Denmark 1947 only - May 4 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
873 | Rule Denmark 1947 only - Aug 10 2:00s 0 - | |
874 | Rule Denmark 1948 only - May 9 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
875 | Rule Denmark 1948 only - Aug 8 2:00s 0 - | |
876 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
877 | Zone Europe/Copenhagen 0:50:20 - LMT 1890 | |
878 | 0:50 - CMT 1894 # Copenhagen Mean Time | |
879 | 1:00 Denmark MET%s 1942 Nov 2 2:00s | |
880 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 | |
881 | 1:00 Denmark MET%s 1980 Apr 6 2:00 | |
882 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
883 | Zone Atlantic/Faeroe 0:27:04 - LMT 1908 Jan 11 # Torshavn | |
884 | 0:00 - WET 1981 Mar 29 1:00 | |
885 | 0:00 W-Eur WET%s | |
886 | Zone America/Scoresbysund -1:29:00 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 | |
887 | -2:00 - MGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 | |
888 | -2:00 M-Eur MGT%s 1981 Mar 29 | |
889 | -1:00 M-Eur EGT%s | |
890 | Zone America/Godthab -3:26:56 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 | |
891 | -3:00 - WGT 1980 Apr 6 2:00 | |
892 | -3:00 M-Eur WGT%s | |
893 | Zone America/Thule -4:35:08 - LMT 1916 Jul 28 | |
894 | -4:00 - AST | |
895 | ||
896 | # Estonia | |
897 | # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Feb 15. | |
898 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
899 | Zone Europe/Tallinn 1:39:00 - LMT 1880 | |
900 | 1:39 - LST 1918 Feb | |
901 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1919 Jul | |
902 | 1:39 - LST 1921 May | |
903 | 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 6 | |
904 | 3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 15 | |
905 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Sep 22 | |
906 | 3:00 Russia MS%s 1989 Mar 26 2:00 | |
907 | 2:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
908 | ||
909 | # Finland | |
910 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
911 | Rule Finland 1921 only - May 1 0:00 0 - | |
912 | Rule Finland 1942 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
913 | Rule Finland 1942 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - | |
914 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
915 | Zone Europe/Helsinki 1:39:52 - LMT 1878 May 31 | |
916 | 1:40 - HMT 1921 May # Helsinki Mean Time | |
917 | 2:00 Finland EET%s 1981 Mar 29 2:00 | |
918 | 2:00 M-Eur EET%s | |
919 | ||
920 | # France | |
921 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
922 | Rule France 1911 only - Mar 11 0:00 0 - | |
923 | Rule France 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
924 | Rule France 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=7 23:00s 0 - | |
925 | Rule France 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
926 | Rule France 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
927 | Rule France 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
928 | Rule France 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
929 | Rule France 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - | |
930 | Rule France 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
931 | Rule France 1921 only - Oct 25 23:00s 0 - | |
932 | Rule France 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
933 | Rule France 1922 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - | |
934 | Rule France 1923 only - May 26 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
935 | Rule France 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
936 | Rule France 1925 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
937 | Rule France 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
938 | Rule France 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
939 | Rule France 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
940 | Rule France 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
941 | Rule France 1930 only - Apr 12 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
942 | Rule France 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
943 | Rule France 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
944 | Rule France 1933 only - Mar 25 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
945 | Rule France 1934 only - Apr 7 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
946 | Rule France 1935 only - Mar 30 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
947 | Rule France 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
948 | Rule France 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
949 | Rule France 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
950 | Rule France 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
951 | Rule France 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - | |
952 | Rule France 1940 only - Feb 25 2:00 1:00 " DST" | |
953 | # The French rules for 1941-1944 were not used in Paris, | |
954 | # but were used in other places (e.g. Monaco). | |
955 | Rule France 1941 only - May 5 0:00 2:00 " DDST" | |
956 | Rule France 1941 only - Oct 6 1:00 1:00 " DST" | |
957 | Rule France 1942 only - Mar 8 0:00 2:00 " DDST" | |
958 | Rule France 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 1:00 " DST" | |
959 | Rule France 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 2:00 " DDST" | |
960 | Rule France 1943 only - Nov 4 3:00 1:00 " DST" | |
961 | Rule France 1944 only - Apr 3 2:00 2:00 " DDST" | |
962 | Rule France 1944 only - Oct 8 1:00 1:00 " DST" | |
963 | Rule France 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 2:00 " DDST" | |
964 | Rule France 1945 only - Sep 16 3:00 0 - | |
965 | # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com) (November 18, 1993): | |
966 | # Shanks gives no times for 1975, but according to Cm722, | |
967 | # France introduced summer time in 1975 from 20 March to 22 September. | |
968 | Rule France 1975 only - Mar 20 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
969 | Rule France 1975 only - Sep 22 2:00s 0 - | |
970 | Rule France 1976 only - Mar 28 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
971 | Rule France 1976 only - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 - | |
972 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
973 | Zone Europe/Paris 0:09:20 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 | |
974 | 0:09 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time | |
975 | 0:00 France WET%s 1940 Jun 14 | |
976 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Aug 25 | |
977 | 0:00 France WET%s 1945 Sep 16 3:00 | |
978 | 1:00 France MET%s 1977 Apr Sun>=1 2:00 | |
979 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
980 | ||
981 | # Germany | |
982 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
983 | Rule Germany 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
984 | Rule Germany 1945 only - May 24 2:00 2:00 " DDST" | |
985 | Rule Germany 1945 only - Sep 24 3:00 1:00 " DST" | |
986 | Rule Germany 1945 only - Nov 18 2:00s 0 - | |
987 | Rule Germany 1946 only - Apr 14 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
988 | Rule Germany 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
989 | Rule Germany 1947 only - Apr 6 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
990 | Rule Germany 1947 only - May 11 2:00s 2:00 " DDST" | |
991 | Rule Germany 1947 only - Jun 29 3:00 1:00 " DST" | |
992 | Rule Germany 1948 only - Apr 18 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
993 | Rule Germany 1949 only - Apr 10 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
994 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
995 | Zone Europe/Berlin 0:53:28 - LMT 1893 Apr | |
996 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 | |
997 | 1:00 Germany MET%s 1980 Apr 6 2:00 | |
998 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
999 | ||
1000 | # Gibraltar | |
1001 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1002 | Zone Europe/Gibraltar -0:21:24 - LMT 1880 Aug 2 | |
1003 | 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1957 Apr 14 2:00 | |
1004 | 1:00 - MET 1982 Mar 28 2:00 | |
1005 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1006 | ||
1007 | # Greece | |
1008 | # They adopted the Julian calendar in 1846. | |
1009 | # Part switched to the Gregorian calendar on 1916 Jul 28. | |
1010 | # The rest switched on 1920 Mar 18. | |
1011 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1012 | Rule Greece 1916 only - July 28 0:01 0 - | |
1013 | Rule Greece 1932 only - Jul 7 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1014 | Rule Greece 1932 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - | |
1015 | Rule Greece 1941 only - Apr 7 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1016 | Rule Greece 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - | |
1017 | Rule Greece 1943 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1018 | Rule Greece 1943 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - | |
1019 | Rule Greece 1952 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1020 | Rule Greece 1952 only - Nov 2 0:00 0 - | |
1021 | Rule Greece 1975 only - Apr 12 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1022 | Rule Greece 1975 only - Nov 26 0:00s 0 - | |
1023 | Rule Greece 1976 only - Apr 11 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1024 | Rule Greece 1976 only - Oct 10 2:00s 0 - | |
1025 | Rule Greece 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1026 | Rule Greece 1977 only - Sep 26 2:00s 0 - | |
1027 | Rule Greece 1978 only - Sep 24 4:00 0 - | |
1028 | Rule Greece 1979 only - Apr 1 9:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1029 | Rule Greece 1979 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 - | |
1030 | Rule Greece 1980 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1031 | Rule Greece 1980 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - | |
1032 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1033 | Zone Europe/Athens 1:34:52 - LMT 1895 Sep 14 | |
1034 | 1:35 - AMT 1916 Jul 28 0:01 # Athens MT | |
1035 | 2:00 Greece EET%s 1941 Apr 30 | |
1036 | 1:00 Greece MET%s 1944 Apr 4 | |
1037 | 2:00 Greece EET%s 1981 Mar 29 2:00 | |
1038 | 2:00 M-Eur EET%s | |
1039 | ||
1040 | # Hungary | |
1041 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1042 | Rule Hungary 1918 only - Sep 29 2:00s 0 - | |
1043 | Rule Hungary 1919 only - Apr 15 3:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1044 | Rule Hungary 1919 only - Sep 15 3:00 0 - | |
1045 | Rule Hungary 1920 only - Apr 5 3:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1046 | Rule Hungary 1920 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - | |
1047 | Rule Hungary 1945 only - May 1 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1048 | Rule Hungary 1945 only - Nov 3 0:00 0 - | |
1049 | Rule Hungary 1946 only - Mar 31 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1050 | Rule Hungary 1946 1949 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
1051 | Rule Hungary 1947 1949 - Apr Sun>=4 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1052 | Rule Hungary 1950 only - Apr 17 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1053 | Rule Hungary 1950 only - Oct 23 2:00s 0 - | |
1054 | Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - May 23 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1055 | Rule Hungary 1954 1955 - Oct 3 0:00 0 - | |
1056 | Rule Hungary 1956 only - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1057 | Rule Hungary 1956 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - | |
1058 | Rule Hungary 1957 only - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1059 | Rule Hungary 1957 only - Sep lastSun 3:00 0 - | |
1060 | Rule Hungary 1980 only - Apr 6 1:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1061 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1062 | Zone Europe/Budapest 1:16:20 - LMT 1890 Oct | |
1063 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1918 Jul | |
1064 | 1:00 Hungary MET%s 1941 Apr 6 2:00 | |
1065 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 1 23:00 | |
1066 | 1:00 Hungary MET%s 1980 Sep 28 2:00s | |
1067 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1068 | ||
1069 | # Iceland | |
1070 | # | |
1071 | # From Adam David <adam@veda.is> (November 6, 1993): | |
1072 | # The name of the timezone in Iceland for system / mail / news purposes is GMT. | |
1073 | # | |
1074 | # From Shanks (1991): | |
1075 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1076 | Rule Iceland 1908 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S | |
1077 | Rule Iceland 1917 1918 - Feb 20 2:00 1:00 D | |
1078 | Rule Iceland 1917 only - Oct 25 2:00 0 S | |
1079 | Rule Iceland 1918 1919 - Nov 15 2:00 0 S | |
1080 | Rule Iceland 1919 only - Feb 19 2:00 1:00 D | |
1081 | Rule Iceland 1921 only - Mar 19 2:00 1:00 D | |
1082 | Rule Iceland 1921 only - Jun 22 2:00 0 S | |
1083 | Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Mar Sat>=1 2:00 1:00 D | |
1084 | Rule Iceland 1941 1942 - Jul 2 2:00 0 S | |
1085 | Rule Iceland 1943 1946 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D | |
1086 | Rule Iceland 1943 1948 - Oct Sun>=22 2:00 0 S | |
1087 | Rule Iceland 1947 1962 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D | |
1088 | Rule Iceland 1949 only - Oct 30 2:00 0 S | |
1089 | Rule Iceland 1950 only - Oct 22 2:00 0 S | |
1090 | # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com) (November 18, 1993): | |
1091 | # Shanks's ``1953 Oct 26'' is probably a typo for Oct 25. | |
1092 | # Likewise, correct Shanks's ``1961 Oct 22'' to Oct 29. | |
1093 | Rule Iceland 1951 1967 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00s 0 S | |
1094 | Rule Iceland 1963 1968 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D | |
1095 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1096 | Zone Atlantic/Reykjavik -1:27:24 - LMT 1837 | |
1097 | -1:28 - RMT 1908 # Reykjavik Mean Time | |
1098 | -1:00 Iceland I%sT 1968 Oct 27 1:00s | |
1099 | 0:00 - GMT | |
1100 | ||
1101 | # Italy | |
1102 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1103 | Rule Italy 1893 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S | |
1104 | Rule Italy 1916 only - Jun 4 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1105 | Rule Italy 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
1106 | Rule Italy 1917 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1107 | Rule Italy 1917 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - | |
1108 | Rule Italy 1918 only - Mar 10 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1109 | Rule Italy 1918 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 - | |
1110 | Rule Italy 1919 only - Mar 2 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1111 | Rule Italy 1920 only - Mar 21 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1112 | Rule Italy 1920 only - Sep 19 0:00 0 - | |
1113 | Rule Italy 1940 only - Jun 15 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1114 | Rule Italy 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1115 | Rule Italy 1945 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 - | |
1116 | Rule Italy 1946 only - Mar 17 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1117 | Rule Italy 1946 only - Oct 6 2:00s 0 - | |
1118 | Rule Italy 1947 only - Mar 16 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1119 | Rule Italy 1947 only - Oct 5 0:00s 0 - | |
1120 | Rule Italy 1948 only - Feb 29 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1121 | Rule Italy 1948 only - Oct 3 2:00s 0 - | |
1122 | Rule Italy 1966 1968 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1123 | Rule Italy 1966 1969 - Sep Sun>=22 0:00 0 - | |
1124 | Rule Italy 1969 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1125 | Rule Italy 1970 only - May 31 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1126 | Rule Italy 1970 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - | |
1127 | Rule Italy 1971 1972 - May Sun>=22 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1128 | Rule Italy 1971 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - | |
1129 | Rule Italy 1972 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
1130 | Rule Italy 1973 only - Jun 3 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1131 | Rule Italy 1973 1974 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - | |
1132 | Rule Italy 1974 only - May 26 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1133 | Rule Italy 1975 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1134 | Rule Italy 1975 1977 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - | |
1135 | Rule Italy 1976 only - May 30 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1136 | Rule Italy 1977 1979 - May Sun>=22 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1137 | Rule Italy 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - | |
1138 | Rule Italy 1979 only - Sep 30 0:00s 0 - | |
1139 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1140 | Zone Europe/Rome 0:49:56 - LMT 1866 Sep 22 | |
1141 | 0:50 - RMT 1893 Nov # Rome Mean Time | |
1142 | 1:00 Italy MET%s 1942 Nov 2 2:00s | |
1143 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00s | |
1144 | 1:00 Italy MET%s 1980 Apr 6 2:00 | |
1145 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1146 | # Vatican is identical to Europe/Rome; San Marino is like Europe/Rome. | |
1147 | ||
1148 | # Latvia | |
1149 | # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Feb 15. | |
1150 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1151 | Zone Europe/Riga 1:36:24 - LMT 1880 | |
1152 | 1:36 - LST 1918 Apr 15 2:00 | |
1153 | 1:36 M-Eur LST%s 1919 Apr 1 2:00 | |
1154 | 1:36 1:00 "LST DST" 1919 May 22 3:00 | |
1155 | 1:36 - LST 1926 May 11 | |
1156 | 2:00 - EET 1940 Aug 5 | |
1157 | 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jul | |
1158 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Aug 8 | |
1159 | 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1160 | 2:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1161 | ||
1162 | # Liechtenstein | |
1163 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1164 | Zone Europe/Vaduz 0:30:04 - LMT 1894 Jun | |
1165 | 1:00 - MET 1981 Mar 29 2:00 | |
1166 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1167 | ||
1168 | # Lithuania | |
1169 | # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Feb 15. | |
1170 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1171 | Zone Europe/Vilnius 1:41:16 - LMT 1880 | |
1172 | 1:24 - LST 1917 # Kaunas | |
1173 | 1:36 - LST 1919 Oct 10 | |
1174 | 1:00 - MET 1920 Jul 12 | |
1175 | 2:00 - EET 1920 Oct 9 | |
1176 | 1:00 - MET 1940 Aug 3 | |
1177 | 3:00 - MSK 1941 Jun 24 | |
1178 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Aug | |
1179 | 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1180 | 2:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1181 | ||
1182 | # Luxembourg | |
1183 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1184 | Rule Lux 1904 only - Jun 1 0:00 0 - | |
1185 | Rule Lux 1916 only - May 14 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1186 | Rule Lux 1916 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - | |
1187 | Rule Lux 1917 only - Apr 28 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1188 | Rule Lux 1917 only - Sep 17 1:00 0 - | |
1189 | Rule Lux 1918 only - Apr Mon>=15 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1190 | Rule Lux 1918 only - Sep Mon>=15 2:00s 0 - | |
1191 | Rule Lux 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1192 | Rule Lux 1919 only - Oct 5 3:00 0 - | |
1193 | Rule Lux 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1194 | Rule Lux 1920 only - Oct 24 2:00 0 - | |
1195 | Rule Lux 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1196 | Rule Lux 1921 only - Oct 26 2:00 0 - | |
1197 | Rule Lux 1922 only - Mar 25 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1198 | Rule Lux 1922 only - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - | |
1199 | Rule Lux 1923 only - Apr 21 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1200 | Rule Lux 1923 only - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 - | |
1201 | Rule Lux 1924 only - Mar 29 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1202 | Rule Lux 1924 1928 - Oct Sun>=2 1:00 0 - | |
1203 | Rule Lux 1925 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1204 | Rule Lux 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1205 | Rule Lux 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1206 | Rule Lux 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1207 | Rule Lux 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1208 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1209 | Zone Europe/Luxembourg 0:24:36 - LMT 1904 Jun | |
1210 | 1:00 Lux MET%s 1918 Nov 25 | |
1211 | 0:00 Lux WET%s 1929 Oct 6 2:00s | |
1212 | 0:00 Belgium WET%s 1940 May 14 3:00 | |
1213 | 1:00 M-Eur WET%s 1944 Sep 18 3:00 | |
1214 | 1:00 Belgium MET%s 1979 Apr 1 2:00 | |
1215 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1216 | ||
1217 | # The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia | |
1218 | # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18. | |
1219 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1220 | Zone Europe/Skopje 1:25:44 - LMT 1884 | |
1221 | 1:00 - MET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 | |
1222 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s | |
1223 | 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s | |
1224 | 1:00 - MET 1983 Mar 27 2:00s | |
1225 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1226 | ||
1227 | # Malta | |
1228 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1229 | Rule Malta 1973 only - Mar 31 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1230 | Rule Malta 1973 only - Sep 29 0:00s 0 - | |
1231 | Rule Malta 1974 only - Apr 21 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1232 | Rule Malta 1974 only - Sep 16 0:00s 0 - | |
1233 | Rule Malta 1975 1979 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1234 | Rule Malta 1975 1980 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 - | |
1235 | Rule Malta 1980 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1236 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1237 | Zone Europe/Malta 0:58:04 - LMT 1893 Nov 2 # Valletta | |
1238 | 1:00 Italy MET%s 1942 Nov 2 2:00s | |
1239 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00s | |
1240 | 1:00 Italy MET%s 1973 Mar 31 | |
1241 | 1:00 Malta MET%s 1981 Mar 29 2:00s | |
1242 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1243 | ||
1244 | # Moldova | |
1245 | # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1919 Mar 18. | |
1246 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1247 | Zone Europe/Chisinau 1:55:20 - LMT 1924 May 2 | |
1248 | 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 | |
1249 | 3:00 - MSK 1981 Apr | |
1250 | 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Sep 29 2:00s | |
1251 | 2:00 M-Eur EET%s | |
1252 | ||
1253 | # Monaco | |
1254 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1255 | Zone Europe/Monaco 0:29:32 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 | |
1256 | 0:09 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time | |
1257 | 0:00 France WET%s 1945 Sep 16 3:00 | |
1258 | 1:00 France MET%s 1977 Apr Sun>=1 2:00 | |
1259 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1260 | ||
1261 | # Netherlands | |
1262 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1263 | Rule Neth 1892 only - May 1 0:00 0 AMT | |
1264 | Rule Neth 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 NST | |
1265 | Rule Neth 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 AMT | |
1266 | Rule Neth 1917 only - Apr 16 2:00s 1:00 NST | |
1267 | Rule Neth 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00s 0 AMT | |
1268 | Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00s 1:00 NST | |
1269 | Rule Neth 1918 1921 - Sep Mon>=24 2:00s 0 AMT | |
1270 | Rule Neth 1922 only - Mar 26 2:00s 1:00 NST | |
1271 | Rule Neth 1922 1939 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00s 0 AMT | |
1272 | Rule Neth 1923 only - Jun 1 2:00s 1:00 NST | |
1273 | Rule Neth 1924 only - Mar 30 2:00s 1:00 NST | |
1274 | Rule Neth 1925 only - Jun 5 2:00s 1:00 NST | |
1275 | Rule Neth 1926 1931 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST | |
1276 | Rule Neth 1932 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST | |
1277 | Rule Neth 1933 1936 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST | |
1278 | Rule Neth 1937 only - May 22 2:00s 1:00 NST | |
1279 | Rule Neth 1938 1939 - May 15 2:00s 1:00 NST | |
1280 | Rule Neth 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 - | |
1281 | Rule Neth 1945 only - May 20 2:00s 0 " DST" | |
1282 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1283 | Zone Europe/Amsterdam 0:19:36 - LMT 1892 May | |
1284 | 0:20 Neth %s 1937 Jul | |
1285 | 1:20 Neth %s 1940 May 16 2:00 | |
1286 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 | |
1287 | 1:00 Neth MET%s 1977 Apr Sun>=1 2:00 | |
1288 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1289 | ||
1290 | # Norway | |
1291 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1292 | Rule Norway 1892 only - May 1 0:00 0 - | |
1293 | Rule Norway 1916 only - May 22 1:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1294 | Rule Norway 1916 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 - | |
1295 | Rule Norway 1945 only - Apr 2 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1296 | Rule Norway 1945 only - Oct 1 2:00s 0 - | |
1297 | Rule Norway 1959 1964 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1298 | Rule Norway 1959 1965 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00s 0 - | |
1299 | Rule Norway 1965 only - Apr 25 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1300 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1301 | Zone Europe/Oslo 0:43:00 - LMT 1895 | |
1302 | 1:00 Norway MET%s 1940 Aug 10 23:00 | |
1303 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 Apr 2 2:00 | |
1304 | 1:00 Norway MET%s 1980 Apr 6 2:00 | |
1305 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1306 | # Svalbard is like Europe/Oslo. | |
1307 | # | |
1308 | # Jan Mayen | |
1309 | # no information | |
1310 | ||
1311 | # Poland | |
1312 | # Austrian and German Poland switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar | |
1313 | # on 1582 Oct 15. Russian Poland switched on 1918 Jan 14. | |
1314 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1315 | Rule Poland 1918 1919 - Sep 16 2:00s 0 - | |
1316 | Rule Poland 1919 only - Apr 15 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1317 | Rule Poland 1944 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - | |
1318 | Rule Poland 1945 only - Apr 29 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1319 | Rule Poland 1945 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - | |
1320 | Rule Poland 1946 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1321 | Rule Poland 1946 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 - | |
1322 | Rule Poland 1947 only - May 4 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1323 | Rule Poland 1947 1948 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 - | |
1324 | Rule Poland 1948 only - Apr 18 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1325 | Rule Poland 1957 only - Jun 2 1:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1326 | Rule Poland 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - | |
1327 | Rule Poland 1958 only - Mar 30 1:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1328 | Rule Poland 1959 only - May 31 1:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1329 | Rule Poland 1959 1961 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00s 0 - | |
1330 | Rule Poland 1960 only - Apr 3 1:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1331 | Rule Poland 1961 1964 - May Sun>=25 1:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1332 | Rule Poland 1962 1964 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - | |
1333 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1334 | Zone Europe/Warsaw 1:24:00 - LMT 1880 | |
1335 | 1:24 - WMT 1915 Aug 5 # Warsaw Mean Time | |
1336 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1918 Sep 16 3:00 | |
1337 | 2:00 Poland EET%s 1922 Jun | |
1338 | 1:00 Poland MET%s 1940 Jun 23 2:00 | |
1339 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1944 Oct | |
1340 | 1:00 Poland MET%s 1977 Apr 3 1:00 | |
1341 | 1:00 W-Eur MET%s | |
1342 | # This link is for backward compatibility with the old naming convention. | |
1343 | Link Europe/Warsaw Poland | |
1344 | ||
1345 | # Portugal | |
1346 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1347 | Rule Port 1911 only - May 24 0:00 0 - | |
1348 | Rule Port 1916 only - Jun 17 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1349 | Rule Port 1916 only - Nov 1 1:00 0 - | |
1350 | Rule Port 1917 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1351 | Rule Port 1917 1921 - Oct 14 23:00s 0 - | |
1352 | Rule Port 1918 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1353 | Rule Port 1919 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1354 | Rule Port 1920 only - Feb 29 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1355 | Rule Port 1921 only - Feb 28 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1356 | Rule Port 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1357 | Rule Port 1924 only - Oct 14 23:00s 0 - | |
1358 | Rule Port 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1359 | Rule Port 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - | |
1360 | Rule Port 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1361 | Rule Port 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1362 | Rule Port 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1363 | Rule Port 1931 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1364 | Rule Port 1931 1932 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - | |
1365 | Rule Port 1932 only - Apr 2 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1366 | Rule Port 1934 only - Apr 4 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1367 | Rule Port 1934 1938 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - | |
1368 | Rule Port 1935 only - Apr 30 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1369 | Rule Port 1936 only - Apr 18 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1370 | Rule Port 1937 only - Apr 3 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1371 | Rule Port 1938 only - Mar 26 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1372 | Rule Port 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1373 | Rule Port 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - | |
1374 | Rule Port 1940 only - Feb 24 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1375 | Rule Port 1940 only - Oct 7 23:00s 0 - | |
1376 | Rule Port 1941 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1377 | Rule Port 1941 only - Oct 5 23:00s 0 - | |
1378 | Rule Port 1942 1945 - Mar Sat>=8 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1379 | Rule Port 1942 only - Apr 25 22:00s 2:00 " DDST" | |
1380 | Rule Port 1942 only - Aug 15 22:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1381 | Rule Port 1942 1945 - Oct Sat>=24 23:00s 0 - | |
1382 | Rule Port 1943 only - Apr 17 22:00s 2:00 " DDST" | |
1383 | Rule Port 1943 1945 - Aug Sat>=25 22:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1384 | Rule Port 1944 1945 - Apr Sat>=21 22:00s 2:00 " DDST" | |
1385 | Rule Port 1946 only - Apr Sat>=1 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1386 | Rule Port 1946 only - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - | |
1387 | Rule Port 1947 1965 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1388 | Rule Port 1947 1965 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 0 - | |
1389 | Rule Port 1977 only - Mar 27 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1390 | Rule Port 1977 only - Sep 25 0:00s 0 - | |
1391 | Rule Port 1978 1979 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1392 | Rule Port 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - | |
1393 | Rule Port 1979 1982 - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 - | |
1394 | Rule Port 1980 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1395 | Rule Port 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1396 | Rule Port 1983 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1397 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1398 | Zone Europe/Lisbon -0:36:32 - LMT 1884 | |
1399 | -0:37 - LMT 1911 May 24 # Lisbon Mean Time | |
1400 | 0:00 Port WET%s 1966 Apr 3 2:00 | |
1401 | 1:00 - MET 1976 Sep 26 1:00 | |
1402 | 0:00 Port WET%s 1983 Sep 25 1:00s | |
1403 | 0:00 W-Eur WET%s 1992 Sep 27 1:00s | |
1404 | # From Rui Pedro Salgueiro <rps@inescca.inescc.pt> (November 12, 1992): | |
1405 | # Portugal has recently (September, 27) changed timezone | |
1406 | # (from WET to MET or CET) to harmonize with EEC. | |
1407 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1408 | # We don't know what happened to Madeira or the Azores, | |
1409 | # so we'll just use Shanks for now. | |
1410 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1411 | Zone Atlantic/Azores -1:42:40 - LMT 1884 # Ponta Delgada | |
1412 | -1:55 - HMT 1911 May 24 # Horta Mean Time | |
1413 | -2:00 Port ACT%s 1966 Apr 3 2:00 | |
1414 | -1:00 - ACT 1977 Mar 27 | |
1415 | -1:00 - ACT 1983 Sep 25 1:00s | |
1416 | -1:00 W-Eur ACT%s | |
1417 | Zone Atlantic/Madeira -1:07:36 - LMT 1884 # Funchal | |
1418 | -1:08 - FMT 1911 May 24 # Funchal Mean Time | |
1419 | -1:00 Port ACT%s 1966 Apr 3 2:00 | |
1420 | 0:00 - WET 1977 Mar 27 | |
1421 | 0:00 Port WET%s 1983 Sep 25 1:00s | |
1422 | 0:00 W-Eur WET%s | |
1423 | # This link is for backward compatibility with the old naming convention. | |
1424 | Link Europe/Lisbon Portugal | |
1425 | ||
1426 | # Slovakia | |
1427 | Link Europe/Prague Europe/Bratislava | |
1428 | ||
1429 | # Romania | |
1430 | # Catholic Romania switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on | |
1431 | # on 1919 Mar 18. Greek Orthodox Romania switched on 1920 Mar 18. | |
1432 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1433 | Rule Romania 1931 only - Jul 24 0:00 0 - | |
1434 | Rule Romania 1932 only - May 22 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1435 | Rule Romania 1932 1939 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00s 0 - | |
1436 | Rule Romania 1933 1939 - Apr Sun>=2 0:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1437 | Rule Romania 1979 only - May 27 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1438 | Rule Romania 1979 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 - | |
1439 | Rule Romania 1980 only - Apr 5 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1440 | Rule Romania 1980 only - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - | |
1441 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1442 | Zone Europe/Bucharest 1:44:24 - LMT 1891 Oct | |
1443 | 1:44 - BMT 1931 Jul 24 # Bucharest MT | |
1444 | 2:00 Romania EET%s 1981 Mar 29 2:00s | |
1445 | 2:00 M-Eur EET%s | |
1446 | ||
1447 | # Russia | |
1448 | # From Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com> (November 18, 1993): | |
1449 | # Moscow and Novosibirsk time zone names, and Moscow rules after 1991, | |
1450 | # are from Andrew A. Chernov <ache@astral.msk.su>. | |
1451 | # I invented the other time zone names. | |
1452 | # The rest is from Shanks; it's probably wrong after 1991. | |
1453 | # We're not sure whether St Petersburg switched in step with Moscow after 1991; | |
1454 | # it might be a useless name, so we'll comment it out for now. | |
1455 | # | |
1456 | # From Shanks (1991): | |
1457 | # Western Russia switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar | |
1458 | # on 1918 Jan 14. Eatern Russia switched on 1920 Mar 18. | |
1459 | # In 1929 the Soviet Union instituted a 5 day week; in 1932 it instituted | |
1460 | # a 6 day week; on 1940 Jun 27 it returned to the Gregorian week. | |
1461 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1462 | #Zone Europe/St_Petersburg 2:30:20 - LMT 1880 | |
1463 | # 2:01 Russia LST%s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 | |
1464 | # 3:00 Russia MS%s 1922 Oct | |
1465 | # 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 | |
1466 | # 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1467 | # 2:00 Russia SPS%s | |
1468 | Zone Europe/Moscow 2:30:20 - LMT 1880 | |
1469 | 2:31 Russia LST%s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 | |
1470 | 3:00 Russia MS%s 1922 Oct | |
1471 | 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 | |
1472 | 3:00 Russia MS%s 1991 Mar lastSun 2:00s | |
1473 | 2:00 1:00 "EET DST" 1991 Sep lastSun 2:00s | |
1474 | 2:00 - EET 1992 Jan 19 2:00s | |
1475 | 3:00 Russia MS%s | |
1476 | # This link is for backward compatibility with the old naming convention. | |
1477 | Link Europe/Moscow Moscow | |
1478 | Zone Asia/Sverdlovsk 4:02:34 - LMT 1924 May 2 | |
1479 | 4:00 - SSK 1957 Mar | |
1480 | 5:00 Russia SS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1481 | 4:00 Russia SS%s | |
1482 | Zone Asia/Omsk 4:53:36 - LMT 1924 May 2 | |
1483 | 5:00 - TSK 1957 Mar | |
1484 | 6:00 Russia TS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1485 | 5:00 Russia OS%s | |
1486 | Zone Asia/Novosibirsk 5:31:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 | |
1487 | 6:00 - NSK 1957 Mar | |
1488 | 7:00 Russia NS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1489 | 6:00 Russia NS%s | |
1490 | Zone Asia/Irkutsk 6:57:20 - LMT 1880 | |
1491 | 6:57 - LST 1924 May 2 | |
1492 | 7:00 - ISK 1957 Mar | |
1493 | 8:00 Russia IS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1494 | 7:00 Russia IS%s | |
1495 | Zone Asia/Yakutsk 8:38:40 - LMT 1924 May 2 | |
1496 | 8:00 - YSK 1957 Mar | |
1497 | 9:00 Russia YS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1498 | 8:00 Russia YS%s | |
1499 | Zone Asia/Vladivostok 8:47:44 - LMT 1880 | |
1500 | 8:48 - LST 1924 May 2 | |
1501 | 9:00 - VSK 1957 Mar | |
1502 | 10:00 Russia VS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1503 | 9:00 Russia VS%s | |
1504 | # MSK is taken; settle for GSK. | |
1505 | Zone Asia/Magadan 10:03:12 - LMT 1924 May 2 | |
1506 | 10:00 - GSK 1957 Mar | |
1507 | 11:00 Russia GS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1508 | 10:00 Russia GS%s | |
1509 | # This name should be Asia/Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski, but that's too long. | |
1510 | Zone Asia/Kamchatka 10:34:36 - LMT 1924 May 2 | |
1511 | 11:00 - PSK 1957 Mar | |
1512 | 12:00 Russia PS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1513 | 11:00 Russia PS%s | |
1514 | Zone Asia/Anadyr 11:49:56 - LMT 1924 May 2 | |
1515 | 12:00 - ASK 1957 Mar | |
1516 | 13:00 Russia AS%s 1991 Sep 29 3:00 | |
1517 | 12:00 Russia AS%s | |
1518 | ||
1519 | # Serbia | |
1520 | # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18. | |
1521 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1522 | Zone Europe/Belgrade 1:22:00 - LMT 1884 | |
1523 | 1:00 - MET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 | |
1524 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s | |
1525 | 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s | |
1526 | 1:00 - MET 1983 Mar 27 2:00s | |
1527 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1528 | ||
1529 | # Slovenia | |
1530 | # They switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar on 1918 Mar 18. | |
1531 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1532 | Zone Europe/Ljubljana 0:58:04 - LMT 1884 | |
1533 | 1:00 - MET 1941 Apr 18 23:00 | |
1534 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s 1945 May 8 2:00s | |
1535 | 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1945 Sep 16 2:00s | |
1536 | 1:00 - MET 1983 Mar 27 2:00s | |
1537 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1538 | ||
1539 | # Spain | |
1540 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1541 | Rule Spain 1901 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - | |
1542 | Rule Spain 1917 only - May 5 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1543 | Rule Spain 1917 1919 - Oct 6 23:00s 0 - | |
1544 | Rule Spain 1918 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1545 | Rule Spain 1919 only - Apr 5 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1546 | Rule Spain 1924 only - Apr 16 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1547 | Rule Spain 1924 only - Oct 4 23:00s 0 - | |
1548 | Rule Spain 1926 only - Apr 17 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1549 | Rule Spain 1926 1929 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - | |
1550 | Rule Spain 1927 only - Apr 9 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1551 | Rule Spain 1928 only - Apr 14 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1552 | Rule Spain 1929 only - Apr 20 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1553 | Rule Spain 1937 only - May 22 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1554 | Rule Spain 1937 1939 - Oct Sat>=1 23:00s 0 - | |
1555 | Rule Spain 1938 only - Mar 22 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1556 | Rule Spain 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1557 | Rule Spain 1940 only - Mar 16 23:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1558 | Rule Spain 1942 only - May 2 22:00s 2:00 " DDST" | |
1559 | Rule Spain 1942 only - Sep 1 22:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1560 | Rule Spain 1943 1946 - Apr Sat>=13 22:00s 2:00 " DDST" | |
1561 | Rule Spain 1943 only - Oct 3 22:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1562 | Rule Spain 1944 only - Oct 10 22:00s 1:00 " DST" | |
1563 | Rule Spain 1945 only - Sep 30 1:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1564 | Rule Spain 1949 only - Apr 30 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1565 | Rule Spain 1949 only - Sep 30 1:00 0 - | |
1566 | Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Apr Sat>=13 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1567 | Rule Spain 1974 1975 - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 - | |
1568 | Rule Spain 1976 only - Mar 27 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1569 | Rule Spain 1976 1977 - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 - | |
1570 | Rule Spain 1977 1978 - Apr 2 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1571 | Rule Spain 1978 only - Oct 1 1:00 0 - | |
1572 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1573 | Zone Europe/Madrid 0:14:44 - LMT 1901 | |
1574 | 0:00 Spain WET%s 1946 Sep 30 | |
1575 | 1:00 Spain MET%s 1979 Apr 1 2:00 | |
1576 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1577 | Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C. | |
1578 | -1:00 - ACT 1946 Sep 30 1:00 | |
1579 | 0:00 - WET 1980 Apr 6 0:00s | |
1580 | 0:00 1:00 "WET DST" 1980 Sep 28 0:00s | |
1581 | 0:00 W-Eur WET%s | |
1582 | ||
1583 | # Sweden | |
1584 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1585 | Zone Europe/Stockholm 1:12:12 - LMT 1878 May 31 | |
1586 | 1:12 - SMT 1900 Jan 1 1:00 # Stockholm MT | |
1587 | 1:00 - MET 1916 Apr 14 23:00s | |
1588 | 1:00 1:00 "MET DST" 1916 Sep 30 23:00s | |
1589 | 1:00 - MET 1980 Apr 6 2:00 | |
1590 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1591 | ||
1592 | # Switzerland | |
1593 | # From Howse (1988), p 82: | |
1594 | # By the end of the 18th century clocks and watches became commonplace | |
1595 | # and their performance improved enormously. Communities began to keep | |
1596 | # mean time in preference to apparent time -- Geneva from 1780 .... | |
1597 | # From Shanks (1991): | |
1598 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1599 | Rule Swiss 1894 only - Jun 1 0:00 0 - | |
1600 | Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1601 | Rule Swiss 1941 1942 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 " DST" | |
1602 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1603 | Zone Europe/Zurich 0:34:08 - LMT 1848 Sep 12 | |
1604 | 0:30 - SST 1894 Jun # Swiss Standard Time | |
1605 | 1:00 Swiss MET%s 1981 Mar 29 2:00 | |
1606 | 1:00 M-Eur MET%s | |
1607 | ||
1608 | # Turkey | |
1609 | # European Turkey switched to the Gregorian calendar in 1908. | |
1610 | # Asian Turkey switched in 1914. | |
1611 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1612 | Rule Turkey 1910 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
1613 | Rule Turkey 1916 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1614 | Rule Turkey 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
1615 | Rule Turkey 1920 only - Mar 28 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1616 | Rule Turkey 1920 only - Oct 25 0:00 0 - | |
1617 | Rule Turkey 1921 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1618 | Rule Turkey 1921 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - | |
1619 | Rule Turkey 1922 only - Mar 26 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1620 | Rule Turkey 1922 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - | |
1621 | Rule Turkey 1924 only - May 13 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1622 | Rule Turkey 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
1623 | Rule Turkey 1925 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1624 | Rule Turkey 1940 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1625 | Rule Turkey 1941 only - Sep 21 0:00 0 - | |
1626 | Rule Turkey 1942 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1627 | Rule Turkey 1942 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 - | |
1628 | Rule Turkey 1945 only - Apr 2 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1629 | Rule Turkey 1945 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - | |
1630 | Rule Turkey 1946 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1631 | Rule Turkey 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
1632 | Rule Turkey 1947 1948 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1633 | Rule Turkey 1947 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - | |
1634 | Rule Turkey 1949 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1635 | Rule Turkey 1950 only - Apr 19 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1636 | Rule Turkey 1951 only - Apr 22 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1637 | Rule Turkey 1951 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - | |
1638 | Rule Turkey 1962 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1639 | Rule Turkey 1962 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - | |
1640 | Rule Turkey 1964 only - May 15 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1641 | Rule Turkey 1964 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
1642 | Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - May Sun>=2 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1643 | Rule Turkey 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0 - | |
1644 | Rule Turkey 1973 only - Jun 3 1:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1645 | Rule Turkey 1973 only - Nov 4 3:00 0 - | |
1646 | Rule Turkey 1974 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1647 | Rule Turkey 1974 only - Nov 3 5:00 0 - | |
1648 | Rule Turkey 1975 only - Mar 30 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1649 | Rule Turkey 1975 1976 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 - | |
1650 | Rule Turkey 1976 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1651 | Rule Turkey 1977 1978 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1652 | Rule Turkey 1977 only - Oct 16 0:00 0 - | |
1653 | Rule Turkey 1979 1980 - Apr Sun>=1 3:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1654 | Rule Turkey 1979 1982 - Oct Mon>=11 0:00 0 - | |
1655 | Rule Turkey 1981 1982 - Mar lastSun 3:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1656 | Rule Turkey 1983 only - Jul 31 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1657 | Rule Turkey 1983 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 - | |
1658 | Rule Turkey 1985 only - Apr 20 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1659 | Rule Turkey 1985 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - | |
1660 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1661 | Zone Europe/Istanbul 1:55:52 - LMT 1880 | |
1662 | 1:57 - OMT 1910 Oct # Ottoman Mean Time | |
1663 | 2:00 Turkey EET%s 1978 Oct 15 | |
1664 | 3:00 Turkey TUR%s 1985 Apr 20 | |
1665 | 2:00 Turkey EET%s 1986 | |
1666 | 2:00 M-Eur EET%s | |
1667 | Link Europe/Istanbul Asia/Istanbul # Istanbul is in both continents. | |
1668 | # This link is for backward compatibility with the old naming convention. | |
1669 | Link Europe/Istanbul Turkey | |
1670 | ||
1671 | # Ukraine | |
1672 | # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S | |
1673 | Rule Ukraine 1919 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1674 | Rule Ukraine 1919 only - Aug 16 0:00 0 - | |
1675 | Rule Ukraine 1921 only - Feb 14 23:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1676 | Rule Ukraine 1921 only - Mar 21 23:00 2:00 " DDST" | |
1677 | Rule Ukraine 1921 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 " DST" | |
1678 | Rule Ukraine 1921 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - | |
1679 | # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] | |
1680 | Zone Europe/Kiev 2:02:04 - LMT 1880 | |
1681 | 2:02 Russia LST%s 1919 Jul 1 2:00 | |
1682 | 2:02 Ukraine LST%s 1924 May 2 | |
1683 | 2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21 | |
1684 | 3:00 Russia MS%s 1990 Jul 17 | |
1685 | 2:00 M-Eur EET%s | |
1686 | ||
15637ed4 RG |
1687 | ############################################################################### |
1688 | ||
1689 | # One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from | |
1690 | # the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986. | |
1691 | # The source shows Romania changing a day later than everybody else. | |
1692 | # | |
1693 | # According to Bernard Sieloff's source, Poland is in the MET time zone but | |
1694 | # uses the WE DST rules. The Western USSR uses EET+1 and ME DST rules. | |
1695 | # Bernard Sieloff's source claims Romania switches on the same day, but at | |
1696 | # 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST). It also claims that Turkey | |
1697 | # switches on the same day, but switches on at 01:00 standard time | |
1698 | # and off at 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST) | |
1699 | ||
1700 | # ... | |
1701 | # Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 -0100 | |
1702 | # From: seismo!mcvax!cgcha!wtho (Tom Hofmann) | |
1703 | # Message-Id: <8701281556.AA22174@cgcha.uucp> | |
1704 | # ... | |
1bd76676 | 1705 | # |
15637ed4 RG |
1706 | # ...the European time rules are...standardized since 1981, when |
1707 | # most European coun[tr]ies started DST. Before that year, only | |
1708 | # a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according | |
1709 | # to own national rules. In 1981, however, DST started on | |
1710 | # 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following | |
1711 | # years... | |
1bd76676 GW |
1712 | # But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions |
1713 | # than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST | |
1714 | # one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep | |
15637ed4 | 1715 | # lastSun' in 1981---I don't know how they handle now. |
1bd76676 | 1716 | # |
15637ed4 | 1717 | # Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the |
1bd76676 GW |
1718 | # Soviet Union (as far as I know). |
1719 | # | |
15637ed4 RG |
1720 | # Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG, |
1721 | # 4002 Basle, Switzerland | |
1722 | # UUCP: ...!mcvax!cernvax!cgcha!wtho | |
1723 | ||
1724 | # ... | |
1725 | # Date: Wed, 4 Feb 87 22:35:22 +0100 | |
1726 | # From: seismo!mcvax!cwi.nl!dik (Dik T. Winter) | |
1727 | # ... | |
1bd76676 | 1728 | # |
15637ed4 RG |
1729 | # The information from Tom Hofmann is (as far as I know) not entirely correct. |
1730 | # After a request from chongo at amdahl I tried to retrieve all information | |
1731 | # about DST in Europe. I was able to find all from about 1969. | |
1bd76676 | 1732 | # |
15637ed4 RG |
1733 | # ...standardization on DST in Europe started in about 1977 with switches on |
1734 | # first Sunday in April and last Sunday in September... | |
1735 | # In 1981 UK joined Europe insofar that | |
1736 | # the starting day for both shifted to last Sunday in March. And from 1982 | |
1737 | # the whole of Europe used DST, with switch dates April 1 and October 1 in | |
1738 | # the Sov[i]et Union. In 1985 the SU reverted to standard Europe[a]n switch | |
1739 | # dates... | |
1bd76676 | 1740 | # |
15637ed4 RG |
1741 | # It should also be remembered that time-zones are not constants; e.g. |
1742 | # Portugal switched in 1976 from MET (or CET) to WET with DST... | |
1743 | # Note also that though there were rules for switch dates not | |
1744 | # all countries abided to these dates, and many individual deviations | |
1745 | # occurred, though not since 1982 I believe. Another note: it is always | |
1746 | # assumed that DST is 1 hour ahead of normal time, this need not be the | |
1747 | # case; at least in the Netherlands there have been times when DST was 2 hours | |
1748 | # in advance of normal time. | |
1bd76676 | 1749 | # |
15637ed4 RG |
1750 | # ... |
1751 | # dik t. winter, cwi, amsterdam, nederland | |
1752 | # INTERNET : dik@cwi.nl | |
1753 | # BITNET/EARN: dik@mcvax | |
1754 | ||
1755 | # From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988): | |
1756 | # ... | |
1757 | # Greece: Last Sunday in April to last Sunday in September (iffy on dates). | |
1758 | # Since 1978. Change at midnight. | |
1759 | # ... | |
1760 | # Monaco: has same DST as France. | |
1761 | # ... | |
1bd76676 | 1762 | |
1bd76676 GW |
1763 | # ... |
1764 | # Date: Fri, 3 Sep 93 13:43:41 BST | |
1765 | # From: Peter Ilieve <peter@memex.co.uk> | |
1766 | # ... | |
1767 | # Turning to Europe, I now have a copy of the `Sixth Council Directive 92/20/EEC | |
1768 | # of 26 March 1992 on summertime arrangements'. This only covers 1993 and | |
1769 | # 1994, a seventh one is in the works but I doubt that the algorithm will | |
1770 | # change. This says summertime starts at 01:00 GMT on the last Sunday in March | |
1771 | # and ends at 01:00 GMT on the last Sunday in September, except for the UK | |
1772 | # and Eire where it ends at 01:00 GMT on the fourth Sunday in October. | |
1773 | # It says the arrangements for 1995 onwards will be decided by 1 January 1994, | |
1774 | # but as the sixth directive was supposed to appear by 1 Jan 92 and didn't | |
1775 | # arrive til March I wouldn't hold your breath. | |
ecdde2d7 | 1776 | # |
1bd76676 GW |
1777 | # The first summertime directive was adopted in 1980, although the UK didn't |
1778 | # seem to use it until 1981. I suspect it would be safe to move your start | |
1779 | # dates for the -Eur rules back to 1981. |