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1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1983, 1991, 1993 |
2 | .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. | |
43624042 | 3 | .\" |
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4 | .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
5 | .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions | |
6 | .\" are met: | |
7 | .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright | |
8 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | |
9 | .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright | |
10 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the | |
11 | .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | |
12 | .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software | |
13 | .\" must display the following acknowledgement: | |
14 | .\" This product includes software developed by the University of | |
15 | .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. | |
16 | .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors | |
17 | .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software | |
18 | .\" without specific prior written permission. | |
954133cd | 19 | .\" |
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20 | .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND |
21 | .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE | |
22 | .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE | |
23 | .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE | |
24 | .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL | |
25 | .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS | |
26 | .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) | |
27 | .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT | |
28 | .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY | |
29 | .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF | |
30 | .\" SUCH DAMAGE. | |
43624042 | 31 | .\" |
ed554bc5 | 32 | .\" @(#)hosts.5 8.2 (Berkeley) 12/11/93 |
ad787160 | 33 | .\" |
ed554bc5 | 34 | .Dd December 11, 1993 |
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35 | .Dt HOSTS 5 |
36 | .Os BSD 4.2 | |
37 | .Sh NAME | |
38 | .Nm hosts | |
39 | .Nd host name data base | |
40 | .Sh DESCRIPTION | |
43624042 | 41 | The |
eadcc84a | 42 | .Nm hosts |
43624042 | 43 | file contains information regarding |
df1ff6ff | 44 | the known hosts on the network. |
43624042 KM |
45 | For each host a single line should be present |
46 | with the following information: | |
eadcc84a | 47 | .Bd -unfilled -offset indent |
43624042 | 48 | official host name |
43624042 | 49 | Internet address |
43624042 | 50 | aliases |
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51 | .Ed |
52 | .Pp | |
43624042 KM |
53 | Items are separated by any number of blanks and/or |
54 | tab characters. A ``#'' indicates the beginning of | |
55 | a comment; characters up to the end of the line are | |
56 | not interpreted by routines which search the file. | |
eadcc84a | 57 | .Pp |
df1ff6ff | 58 | When using the name server |
eadcc84a | 59 | .Xr named 8 , |
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60 | this file provides a backup when the name server |
61 | is not running. | |
62 | For the name server, it is suggested that only a few addresses | |
63 | be included in this file. | |
64 | These include address for the local interfaces that | |
eadcc84a | 65 | .Xr ifconfig 8 |
df1ff6ff | 66 | needs at boot time and a few machines on the local network. |
eadcc84a | 67 | .Pp |
df1ff6ff | 68 | This file may be created from the official host |
43624042 | 69 | data base maintained at the Network Information Control |
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70 | Center |
71 | .Pq Tn NIC , | |
72 | though local changes may be required | |
43624042 | 73 | to bring it up to date regarding unofficial aliases |
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74 | and/or unknown hosts. As the data base maintained at |
75 | .Tn NIC | |
653ba8b6 | 76 | is incomplete, use of the name server is recommended for |
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77 | sites on the |
78 | .Tn DARPA | |
79 | Internet. | |
80 | .Pp | |
43624042 | 81 | Network addresses are specified in the conventional |
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82 | ``.'' (dot) notation using the |
83 | .Xr inet_addr 3 | |
84 | routine | |
43624042 | 85 | from the Internet address manipulation library, |
eadcc84a | 86 | .Xr inet 3 . |
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87 | Host names may contain any printable |
88 | character other than a field delimiter, newline, | |
89 | or comment character. | |
eadcc84a CL |
90 | .Sh FILES |
91 | .Bl -tag -width /etc/hosts -compact | |
92 | .It Pa /etc/hosts | |
93 | The | |
94 | .Nm hosts | |
95 | file resides in | |
96 | .Pa /etc . | |
97 | .El | |
98 | .Sh SEE ALSO | |
99 | .Xr gethostbyname 3 , | |
100 | .Xr ifconfig 8 , | |
101 | .Xr named 8 | |
102 | .Rs | |
103 | .%T "Name Server Operations Guide for BIND" | |
104 | .Re | |
105 | .Sh HISTORY | |
106 | The | |
107 | .Nm | |
108 | file format appeared in | |
109 | .Bx 4.2 . |