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1 | .\" Copyright (c) 1980, 1990, 1993 |
2 | .\" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. | |
55890414 | 3 | .\" |
ad787160 C |
4 | .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
5 | .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions | |
6 | .\" are met: | |
7 | .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright | |
8 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. | |
9 | .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright | |
10 | .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the | |
11 | .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. | |
12 | .\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software | |
13 | .\" must display the following acknowledgement: | |
14 | .\" This product includes software developed by the University of | |
15 | .\" California, Berkeley and its contributors. | |
16 | .\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors | |
17 | .\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software | |
18 | .\" without specific prior written permission. | |
3c4adc3c | 19 | .\" |
ad787160 C |
20 | .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND |
21 | .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE | |
22 | .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE | |
23 | .\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE | |
24 | .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL | |
25 | .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS | |
26 | .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) | |
27 | .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT | |
28 | .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY | |
29 | .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF | |
30 | .\" SUCH DAMAGE. | |
55890414 | 31 | .\" |
fd88f5c5 | 32 | .\" @(#)login.1 8.2 (Berkeley) 5/5/94 |
ad787160 | 33 | .\" |
fd88f5c5 | 34 | .Dd May 5, 1994 |
3c003a08 CL |
35 | .Dt LOGIN 1 |
36 | .Os BSD 4 | |
37 | .Sh NAME | |
38 | .Nm login | |
6bd69362 | 39 | .Nd log into the computer |
3c003a08 CL |
40 | .Sh SYNOPSIS |
41 | .Nm login | |
6bd69362 | 42 | .Op Fl fp |
3c003a08 | 43 | .Op Fl h Ar hostname |
545dd412 | 44 | .Op Ar user |
3c003a08 | 45 | .Sh DESCRIPTION |
55890414 | 46 | The |
3c003a08 | 47 | .Nm login |
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48 | utility logs users (and pseudo-users) into the computer system. |
49 | .Pp | |
50 | If no user is specified, or if a user is specified and authentication | |
51 | of the user fails, | |
3c003a08 | 52 | .Nm login |
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53 | prompts for a user name. |
54 | Authentication of users is done via passwords. | |
3c003a08 | 55 | .Pp |
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56 | The options are as follows: |
57 | .Bl -tag -width Ds | |
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58 | .It Fl f |
59 | The | |
60 | .Fl f | |
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61 | option is used when a user name is specified to indicate that proper |
62 | authentication has already been done and that no password need be | |
63 | requested. | |
64 | This option may only be used by the super-user or when an already | |
65 | logged in user is logging in as themselves. | |
66 | .It Fl h | |
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67 | The |
68 | .Fl h | |
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69 | option specifies the host from which the connection was received. |
70 | It is used by various daemons such as | |
71 | .Xr telnetd 8 . | |
72 | This option may only be used by the super-user. | |
545dd412 | 73 | .It Fl p |
6bd69362 | 74 | By default, |
3c003a08 | 75 | .Nm login |
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76 | discards any previous environment. |
77 | The | |
78 | .Fl p | |
79 | option disables this behavior. | |
80 | .El | |
545dd412 | 81 | .Pp |
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82 | If the file |
83 | .Pa /etc/nologin | |
84 | exists, | |
545dd412 | 85 | .Nm login |
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86 | dislays its contents to the user and exits. |
87 | This is used by | |
88 | .Xr shutdown 8 | |
89 | to prevent users from logging in when the system is about to go down. | |
3c003a08 | 90 | .Pp |
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91 | Immediately after logging a user in, |
92 | .Nm login | |
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93 | displays the system copyright notice, the date and time the user last |
94 | logged in, the message of the day as well as other information. | |
545dd412 | 95 | If the file |
3c003a08 | 96 | .Dq Pa .hushlogin |
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97 | exists in the user's home directory, all of these messages are suppressed. |
98 | This is to simplify logins for non-human users, such as | |
3c003a08 | 99 | .Xr uucp 1 . |
6bd69362 | 100 | .Nm Login |
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101 | then records an entry in the |
102 | .Xr wtmp 5 | |
103 | and | |
104 | .Xr utmp 5 | |
6bd69362 | 105 | files and executes the user's command interpretor. |
3c003a08 | 106 | .Pp |
6bd69362 | 107 | Login enters information into the environment (see |
5325ced3 | 108 | .Xr environ 7 ) |
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109 | specifying the user's home directory (HOME), command interpreter (SHELL), |
110 | search path (PATH), terminal type (TERM) and user name (both LOGNAME and | |
111 | USER). | |
3c003a08 | 112 | .Pp |
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113 | The standard shells, |
114 | .Xr csh 1 | |
3c003a08 | 115 | and |
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116 | .Xr sh 1 , |
117 | do not fork before executing the | |
118 | .Nm login | |
119 | utility. | |
3c003a08 | 120 | .Sh FILES |
6bd69362 | 121 | .Bl -tag -width /var/mail/userXXX -compact |
545dd412 | 122 | .It Pa /etc/motd |
3c003a08 | 123 | message-of-the-day |
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124 | .It Pa /etc/nologin |
125 | disallows logins | |
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126 | .It Pa /var/run/utmp |
127 | current logins | |
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128 | .It Pa /var/log/lastlog |
129 | last login account records | |
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130 | .It Pa /var/log/wtmp |
131 | login account records | |
132 | .It Pa /var/mail/user | |
133 | system mailboxes | |
545dd412 | 134 | .It Pa \&.hushlogin |
3c003a08 | 135 | makes login quieter |
545dd412 | 136 | .El |
3c003a08 | 137 | .Sh SEE ALSO |
6bd69362 | 138 | .Xr chpass 1 , |
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139 | .Xr passwd 1 , |
140 | .Xr rlogin 1 , | |
141 | .Xr getpass 3 , | |
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142 | .Xr utmp 5 , |
143 | .Xr environ 7 , | |
3c003a08 | 144 | .Sh HISTORY |
545dd412 | 145 | A |
3c003a08 | 146 | .Nm login |
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147 | appeared in |
148 | .At v6 . |