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[unix-history] / sys / vm / vm_kern.c

/* 
 * Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *	This product includes software developed by the University of
 *	California, Berkeley and its contributors.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 *	from: @(#)vm_kern.c	7.4 (Berkeley) 5/7/91
 *	$Id$
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1990 Carnegie-Mellon University.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Authors: Avadis Tevanian, Jr., Michael Wayne Young
 * 
 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and
 * its documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
 * 
 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS" 
 * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND 
 * FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 * 
 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
 *
 *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
 *  School of Computer Science
 *  Carnegie Mellon University
 *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
 *
 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
 * rights to redistribute these changes.
 *
 */

/*
 *	Kernel memory management.
 */

#include "param.h"
#include "syslog.h"

#include "vm.h"
#include "vm_page.h"
#include "vm_pageout.h"
#include "vm_kern.h"

/*
 *	kmem_alloc_pageable:
 *
 *	Allocate pageable memory to the kernel's address map.
 *	map must be "kernel_map" below.
 */

vm_offset_t kmem_alloc_pageable(map, size)
	vm_map_t		map;
	register vm_size_t	size;
{
	vm_offset_t		addr;
	register int		result;

#if	0
	if (map != kernel_map)
		panic("kmem_alloc_pageable: not called with kernel_map");
#endif	0

	size = round_page(size);

	addr = vm_map_min(map);
	result = vm_map_find(map, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
				&addr, size, TRUE);
	if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {
		return(0);
	}

	return(addr);
}

/*
 *	Allocate wired-down memory in the kernel's address map
 *	or a submap.
 */
vm_offset_t kmem_alloc(map, size)
	register vm_map_t	map;
	register vm_size_t	size;
{
	vm_offset_t		addr;
	register int		result;
	register vm_offset_t	offset;
	extern vm_object_t	kernel_object;
	vm_offset_t		i;

	size = round_page(size);

	/*
	 *	Use the kernel object for wired-down kernel pages.
	 *	Assume that no region of the kernel object is
	 *	referenced more than once.
	 */

	addr = vm_map_min(map);
	result = vm_map_find(map, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
				 &addr, size, TRUE);
	if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {
		return(0);
	}

	/*
	 *	Since we didn't know where the new region would
	 *	start, we couldn't supply the correct offset into
	 *	the kernel object.  Re-allocate that address
	 *	region with the correct offset.
	 */

	offset = addr - VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
	vm_object_reference(kernel_object);

	vm_map_lock(map);
	vm_map_delete(map, addr, addr + size);
	vm_map_insert(map, kernel_object, offset, addr, addr + size);
	vm_map_unlock(map);

	/*
	 *	Guarantee that there are pages already in this object
	 *	before calling vm_map_pageable.  This is to prevent the
	 *	following scenario:
	 *
	 *		1) Threads have swapped out, so that there is a
	 *		   pager for the kernel_object.
	 *		2) The kmsg zone is empty, and so we are kmem_allocing
	 *		   a new page for it.
	 *		3) vm_map_pageable calls vm_fault; there is no page,
	 *		   but there is a pager, so we call
	 *		   pager_data_request.  But the kmsg zone is empty,
	 *		   so we must kmem_alloc.
	 *		4) goto 1
	 *		5) Even if the kmsg zone is not empty: when we get
	 *		   the data back from the pager, it will be (very
	 *		   stale) non-zero data.  kmem_alloc is defined to
	 *		   return zero-filled memory.
	 *
	 *	We're intentionally not activating the pages we allocate
	 *	to prevent a race with page-out.  vm_map_pageable will wire
	 *	the pages.
	 */

	vm_object_lock(kernel_object);
	for (i = 0 ; i < size; i+= PAGE_SIZE) {
		vm_page_t	mem;

		while ((mem = vm_page_alloc(kernel_object, offset+i)) == NULL) {
			vm_object_unlock(kernel_object);
			VM_WAIT;
			vm_object_lock(kernel_object);
		}
		vm_page_zero_fill(mem);
		mem->busy = FALSE;
	}
	vm_object_unlock(kernel_object);
		
	/*
	 *	And finally, mark the data as non-pageable.
	 */

	(void) vm_map_pageable(map, (vm_offset_t) addr, addr + size, FALSE);

	/*
	 *	Try to coalesce the map
	 */

	vm_map_simplify(map, addr);

	return(addr);
}

/*
 *	kmem_free:
 *
 *	Release a region of kernel virtual memory allocated
 *	with kmem_alloc, and return the physical pages
 *	associated with that region.
 */
void kmem_free(map, addr, size)
	vm_map_t		map;
	register vm_offset_t	addr;
	vm_size_t		size;
{
	(void) vm_map_remove(map, trunc_page(addr), round_page(addr + size));
	vm_map_simplify(map, addr);
}

/*
 *	kmem_suballoc:
 *
 *	Allocates a map to manage a subrange
 *	of the kernel virtual address space.
 *
 *	Arguments are as follows:
 *
 *	parent		Map to take range from
 *	size		Size of range to find
 *	min, max	Returned endpoints of map
 *	pageable	Can the region be paged
 */
vm_map_t kmem_suballoc(parent, min, max, size, pageable)
	register vm_map_t	parent;
	vm_offset_t		*min, *max;
	register vm_size_t	size;
	boolean_t		pageable;
{
	register int	ret;
	vm_map_t	result;

	size = round_page(size);

	*min = (vm_offset_t) vm_map_min(parent);
	ret = vm_map_find(parent, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
				min, size, TRUE);
	if (ret != KERN_SUCCESS) {
		printf("kmem_suballoc: bad status return of %d.\n", ret);
		panic("kmem_suballoc");
	}
	*max = *min + size;
	pmap_reference(vm_map_pmap(parent));
	result = vm_map_create(vm_map_pmap(parent), *min, *max, pageable);
	if (result == NULL)
		panic("kmem_suballoc: cannot create submap");
	if ((ret = vm_map_submap(parent, *min, *max, result)) != KERN_SUCCESS)
		panic("kmem_suballoc: unable to change range to submap");
	return(result);
}

/*
 *	vm_move:
 *
 *	Move memory from source to destination map, possibly deallocating
 *	the source map reference to the memory.
 *
 *	Parameters are as follows:
 *
 *	src_map		Source address map
 *	src_addr	Address within source map
 *	dst_map		Destination address map
 *	num_bytes	Amount of data (in bytes) to copy/move
 *	src_dealloc	Should source be removed after copy?
 *
 *	Assumes the src and dst maps are not already locked.
 *
 *	Returns new destination address or 0 (if a failure occurs).
 */
vm_offset_t vm_move(src_map,src_addr,dst_map,num_bytes,src_dealloc)
	vm_map_t		src_map;
	register vm_offset_t	src_addr;
	register vm_map_t	dst_map;
	vm_offset_t		num_bytes;
	boolean_t		src_dealloc;
{
	register vm_offset_t	src_start;	/* Beginning of region */
	register vm_size_t	src_size;	/* Size of rounded region */
	vm_offset_t		dst_start;	/* destination address */
	register int		result;

	/*
	 *	Page-align the source region
	 */

	src_start = trunc_page(src_addr);
	src_size = round_page(src_addr + num_bytes) - src_start;

	/*
	 *	If there's no destination, we can be at most deallocating
	 *	the source range.
	 */
	if (dst_map == NULL) {
		if (src_dealloc)
			if (vm_deallocate(src_map, src_start, src_size)
					!= KERN_SUCCESS) {
				printf("vm_move: deallocate of source");
				printf(" failed, dealloc_only clause\n");
			}
		return(0);
	}

	/*
	 *	Allocate a place to put the copy
	 */

	dst_start = (vm_offset_t) 0;
	if ((result = vm_allocate(dst_map, &dst_start, src_size, TRUE))
				== KERN_SUCCESS) {
		/*
		 *	Perform the copy, asking for deallocation if desired
		 */
		result = vm_map_copy(dst_map, src_map, dst_start, src_size,
					src_start, FALSE, src_dealloc);
	}

	/*
	 *	Return the destination address corresponding to
	 *	the source address given (rather than the front
	 *	of the newly-allocated page).
	 */

	if (result == KERN_SUCCESS)
		return(dst_start + (src_addr - src_start));
	return(0);
}

/*
 * Allocate wired-down memory in the kernel's address map for the higher
 * level kernel memory allocator (kern/kern_malloc.c).  We cannot use
 * kmem_alloc() because we may need to allocate memory at interrupt
 * level where we cannot block (canwait == FALSE).
 *
 * This routine has its own private kernel submap (kmem_map) and object
 * (kmem_object).  This, combined with the fact that only malloc uses
 * this routine, ensures that we will never block in map or object waits.
 *
 * Note that this still only works in a uni-processor environment and
 * when called at splhigh().
 *
 * We don't worry about expanding the map (adding entries) since entries
 * for wired maps are statically allocated.
 */
vm_offset_t
kmem_malloc(map, size, canwait)
	register vm_map_t	map;
	register vm_size_t	size;
	boolean_t		canwait;
{
	register vm_offset_t	offset, i;
	vm_map_entry_t		entry;
	vm_offset_t		addr;
	vm_page_t		m;
	extern vm_object_t	kmem_object;

	if (map != kmem_map && map != mb_map)
		panic("kern_malloc_alloc: map != {kmem,mb}_map");

	size = round_page(size);
	addr = vm_map_min(map);

	if (vm_map_find(map, NULL, (vm_offset_t)0,
			&addr, size, TRUE) != KERN_SUCCESS) {
		if (!canwait) {
			if (map == kmem_map)
				panic("kmem_malloc: kmem_map too small");
			else if (map == mb_map)
				log(LOG_WARNING,
					"kmem_malloc: mb_map too small (can't wait)\n");
		}
		return 0;
	}

	/*
	 * Since we didn't know where the new region would start,
	 * we couldn't supply the correct offset into the kmem object.
	 * Re-allocate that address region with the correct offset.
	 */
	offset = addr - vm_map_min(kmem_map);
	vm_object_reference(kmem_object);

	vm_map_lock(map);
	vm_map_delete(map, addr, addr + size);
	vm_map_insert(map, kmem_object, offset, addr, addr + size);

	/*
	 * If we can wait, just mark the range as wired
	 * (will fault pages as necessary).
	 */
	if (canwait) {
		vm_map_unlock(map);
		(void) vm_map_pageable(map, (vm_offset_t) addr, addr + size,
				       FALSE);
		vm_map_simplify(map, addr);
		return(addr);
	}

	/*
	 * If we cannot wait then we must allocate all memory up front,
	 * pulling it off the active queue to prevent pageout.
	 */
	vm_object_lock(kmem_object);
	for (i = 0; i < size; i += PAGE_SIZE) {
		m = vm_page_alloc(kmem_object, offset + i);

		/*
		 * Ran out of space, free everything up and return.
		 * Don't need to lock page queues here as we know
		 * that the pages we got aren't on any queues.
		 */
		if (m == NULL) {
			while (i != 0) {
				i -= PAGE_SIZE;
				m = vm_page_lookup(kmem_object, offset + i);
				vm_page_free(m);
			}
			vm_object_unlock(kmem_object);
			vm_map_delete(map, addr, addr + size);
			vm_map_unlock(map);
			return(0);
		}
#if 0
		vm_page_zero_fill(m);
#endif
		m->busy = FALSE;
	}
	vm_object_unlock(kmem_object);

	/*
	 * Mark map entry as non-pageable.
	 * Assert: vm_map_insert() will never be able to extend the previous
	 * entry so there will be a new entry exactly corresponding to this
	 * address range and it will have wired_count == 0.
	 */
	if (!vm_map_lookup_entry(map, addr, &entry) ||
	    entry->start != addr || entry->end != addr + size ||
	    entry->wired_count)
		panic("kmem_malloc: entry not found or misaligned");
	entry->wired_count++;

	/*
	 * Loop thru pages, entering them in the pmap.
	 * (We cannot add them to the wired count without
	 * wrapping the vm_page_queue_lock in splimp...)
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < size; i += PAGE_SIZE) {
		vm_object_lock(kmem_object);
		m = vm_page_lookup(kmem_object, offset + i);
		vm_object_unlock(kmem_object);
		pmap_enter(map->pmap, addr + i, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m),
			   VM_PROT_DEFAULT, TRUE);
	}
	vm_map_unlock(map);

	vm_map_simplify(map, addr);
	return(addr);
}

/*
 *	kmem_alloc_wait
 *
 *	Allocates pageable memory from a sub-map of the kernel.  If the submap
 *	has no room, the caller sleeps waiting for more memory in the submap.
 *
 */
vm_offset_t kmem_alloc_wait(map, size)
	vm_map_t	map;
	vm_size_t	size;
{
	vm_offset_t	addr;
	int		result;

	size = round_page(size);

	do {
		/*
		 *	To make this work for more than one map,
		 *	use the map's lock to lock out sleepers/wakers.
		 *	Unfortunately, vm_map_find also grabs the map lock.
		 */
		vm_map_lock(map);
		lock_set_recursive(&map->lock);

		addr = vm_map_min(map);
		result = vm_map_find(map, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
				&addr, size, TRUE);

		lock_clear_recursive(&map->lock);
		if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {

			if ( (vm_map_max(map) - vm_map_min(map)) < size ) {
				vm_map_unlock(map);
				return(0);
			}

			assert_wait((int)map, TRUE);
			vm_map_unlock(map);
thread_wakeup(&vm_pages_needed); /* XXX */
			thread_block();
		}
		else {
			vm_map_unlock(map);
		}

	} while (result != KERN_SUCCESS);

	return(addr);
}

/*
 *	kmem_alloc_wired_wait
 *
 *	Allocates nonpageable memory from a sub-map of the kernel.  If the submap
 *	has no room, the caller sleeps waiting for more memory in the submap.
 *
 */
vm_offset_t kmem_alloc_wired_wait(map, size)
	vm_map_t	map;
	vm_size_t	size;
{
	vm_offset_t	addr;
	int		result;

	size = round_page(size);

	do {
		/*
		 *	To make this work for more than one map,
		 *	use the map's lock to lock out sleepers/wakers.
		 *	Unfortunately, vm_map_find also grabs the map lock.
		 */
		vm_map_lock(map);
		lock_set_recursive(&map->lock);

		addr = vm_map_min(map);
		result = vm_map_find(map, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
				&addr, size, FALSE);

		lock_clear_recursive(&map->lock);
		if (result != KERN_SUCCESS) {

			if ( (vm_map_max(map) - vm_map_min(map)) < size ) {
				vm_map_unlock(map);
				return(0);
			}

			assert_wait((int)map, TRUE);
			vm_map_unlock(map);
thread_wakeup(&vm_pages_needed); /* XXX */
			thread_block();
		}
		else {
			vm_map_unlock(map);
		}

	} while (result != KERN_SUCCESS);

	return(addr);
}

/*
 *	kmem_free_wakeup
 *
 *	Returns memory to a submap of the kernel, and wakes up any threads
 *	waiting for memory in that map.
 */
void	kmem_free_wakeup(map, addr, size)
	vm_map_t	map;
	vm_offset_t	addr;
	vm_size_t	size;
{
	vm_map_lock(map);
	(void) vm_map_delete(map, trunc_page(addr), round_page(addr + size));
	thread_wakeup((int)map);
	vm_map_unlock(map);
	vm_map_simplify(map, addr);
}

/*
 *	kmem_init:
 *
 *	Initialize the kernel's virtual memory map, taking
 *	into account all memory allocated up to this time.
 */
void kmem_init(start, end)
	vm_offset_t	start;
	vm_offset_t	end;
{
	vm_offset_t	addr;
	extern vm_map_t	kernel_map;

	addr = VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
	kernel_map = vm_map_create(pmap_kernel(), addr, end, FALSE);
	(void) vm_map_find(kernel_map, NULL, (vm_offset_t) 0,
				&addr, (start - VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS),
				FALSE);
}