+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
+.\"
+.\" @(#)stdio.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
+.\"
+.Dd June 4, 1993
+.Dt STDIO 3
+.Os BSD 4
+.Sh NAME
+.Nm stdio
+.Nd standard input/output library functions
+.Sh SYNOPSIS
+.Fd #include <stdio.h>
+.Fd FILE *stdin;
+.Fd FILE *stdout;
+.Fd FILE *stderr;
+.Sh DESCRIPTION
+The standard
+.Tn I/O
+library provides a simple and efficient buffered stream
+.Tn I/O
+interface.
+Input and ouput is mapped into logical data streams
+and the physical
+.Tn I/O
+characteristics are concealed. The functions and macros are listed
+below; more information is available from the individual man pages.
+.Pp
+A stream is associated with an external file (which may be a physical
+device) by
+.Em opening
+a file, which may involve creating a new file. Creating an
+existing file causes its former contents to be discarded.
+If a file can support positioning requests (such as a disk file, as opposed
+to a terminal) then a
+.Em file position indicator
+associated with the stream is positioned at the start of the file (byte
+zero), unless the file is opened with appened mode. If append mode
+is used, the position indicator will be placed the end-of-file.
+The position indicator is maintained by subsequent reads, writes
+and positioning requests. All input occurs as if the characters
+were read by successive calls to the
+.Xr fgetc 3
+function; all ouput takes place as if all characters were
+read by successive calls to the
+.Xr fputc 3
+function.
+.Pp
+A file is disassociated from a stream by
+.Em closing
+the file.
+Ouput streams are flushed (any unwritten buffer contents are transfered
+to the host environment) before the stream is disassociated from the file.
+The value of a pointer to a
+.Dv FILE
+object is indeterminate after a file is closed (garbage).
+.Pp
+A file may be subsequently reopened, by the same or another program
+execution, and its contents reclaimed or modified (if it can be repositioned
+at the start). If the main function returns to its original caller, or
+the
+.Xr exit 3
+function is called, all open files are closed (hence all output
+streams are flushed) before program termination. Other methods
+of program termination, such as
+.Xr abort 3
+do not bother about closing files properly.
+.Pp
+At program startup, three text streams are predefined and need not be
+opened explicitly
+\(em
+.Em standard input
+(for reading converntional input),
+\(em
+.Em standard output
+(for writing converntional input),
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