.\" Copyright (c) 1990 The Regents of the University of California.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
-.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided
-.\" that: (1) source distributions retain this entire copyright notice and
-.\" comment, and (2) distributions including binaries display the following
-.\" acknowledgement: ``This product includes software developed by the
-.\" University of California, Berkeley and its contributors'' in the
-.\" documentation or other materials provided with the distribution and in
-.\" all advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software.
-.\" Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may
-.\" be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
-.\" specific prior written permission.
-.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
-.\" WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
-.\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
+.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
+.\" are met:
+.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+.\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+.\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+.\" 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
+.\" must display the following acknowledgement:
+.\" This product includes software developed by the University of
+.\" California, Berkeley and its contributors.
+.\" 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
+.\" may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
+.\" without specific prior written permission.
.\"
-.\" @(#)cpio.1 5.5 (Berkeley) 7/24/90
+.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
+.\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+.\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+.\" ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
+.\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
+.\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
+.\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+.\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
+.\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+.\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
+.\" SUCH DAMAGE.
.\"
-.\" @(#)cpio.1 5.3 (Berkeley) 3/29/88
+.\" @(#)cpio.1 5.6 (Berkeley) 3/14/91
.\"
-.Dd July 24, 1990
+.Dd March 14, 1991
.Dt CPIO 1
-.Os BSD 4.4
+.Os
.Sh NAME
.Nm cpio
.Nd copy file archives in and out
.Sh SYNOPSIS
.Nm cpio
-.Fl o
-.Op Fl acBv
-.br
-.Nm cpio
.Fl i
.Op Fl BcdmrtuvfsSb6
.Op Ar patterns
-.br
+.Nm cpio
+.Fl o
+.Op Fl acBv
.Nm cpio
.Fl p
.Op Fl adlmruv
has three functional modes; copy out, copy in and pass.
.Pp
Functional Options:
-.Tw Ds
-.Tp Fl o
-Copy out \- reads the standard input to obtain a list
-of path names and copies those files onto the standard
-output together with path name and status information.
-Output is padded to a 512-byte boundary.
-.Pp
-.Tp Fl i
-Copy in \- extracts files from the standard input,
+.Bl -tag -width 4n
+.It Fl i
+.Em Copy in .
+Extracts files from the standard input,
which is assumed to be the product of a previous
.Nm cpio
.Fl o .
Patterns are given in the name-generating notation of
.Xr sh 1 .
In patterns, meta-characters
-.Sq Li \&? ,
-.Sq Li \&* ,
+.Ql \&? ,
+.Ql \&* ,
and
-.Sq Li [...]
+.Ql [...]
match the
slash
-.Sq Li \&/
+.Ql \&/
character. Multiple patterns may be specified and
if no patterns are specified, the default for patterns is
-.Sq Li \&*
+.Ql \&*
(i.e., select all files). The extracted files are
conditionally created and copied into the current directory
tree based upon the options described below. The
previous
.Nm cpio
.Fl o .
-.Pp
-.Tp Fl p
-Pass \- reads the standard input to obtain a list of
+.It Fl o
+.Em Copy out .
+Reads the standard input to obtain a list
+of path names and copies those files onto the standard
+output together with path name and status information.
+Output is padded to a 512-byte boundary.
+.It Fl p
+.Em Pass.
+Reads the standard input to obtain a list of
path names of files that are conditionally created and
copied into the destination directory tree based upon the
options described below.
-.Tp
+.El
.Pp
Options for the above functional options:
-.Tw Ds
-.Tp Fl a
-Reset access times of input files after they have been
-copied.
-.Tp Fl B
+.Bl -tag -width 4n
+.It Fl B
Input/output is to be blocked 5,120 bytes to the record
(does not apply to the pass options; meaningful only
with data directed to or from
.Pa /dev/rmt/??).
-.Tp Fl d
-Directories are to be created as needed.
-.Tp Fl c
+.It Fl S
+Swap halfwords. Use only with the
+.Fl i
+option.
+.It Fl a
+Reset access times of input files after they have been
+copied.
+.It Fl b
+halfwords. Use only with the
+.Fl i
+option.
+.It Fl c
Write header information in ASCII character form for
portability.
-.Tp Fl r
+.It Fl d
+Directories are to be created as needed.
+.It Fl f
+Copy in all files except those in patterns.
+.It Fl l
+Whenever possible, link files rather than copying them.
+Usable only with the
+.Fl p
+option.
+.It Fl m
+Retain previous file modification time. This option is
+ineffective on directories that are being copied.
+.It Fl r
Interactively rename files. If the user types a null
line, the files is skipped.
-.Tp Fl t
+.It Fl s
+Swap bytes. Use only with the
+.Fl i
+option.
+.It Fl t
Print a table of contents of the input. No files are
created.
-.Tp Fl u
+.It Fl u
Copy unconditionally (normally, an older file will not
replace a newer file with the same name).
-.Tp Fl v
+.It Fl v
Verbose: causes a list of file names to be printed.
When used with the t option, the table of contents
looks like the output of an
.Ql ls -l
command (see
.Xr ls 1 ) .
-.Tp Fl l
-Whenever possible, link files rather than copying them.
-Usable only with the
-.Fl p
-option.
-.Tp Fl m
-Retain previous file modification time. This option is
-ineffective on directories that are being copied.
-.Tp Fl f
-Copy in all files except those in patterns.
-.Tp Fl s
-Swap bytes. Use only with the
-.Fl i
-option.
-.Tp Fl S
-Swap halfwords. Use only with the
-.Fl i
-option.
-.Tp Fl b
-halfwords. Use only with the
-.Fl i
-option.
-.Tp Fl 6
+.It Fl 6
Process an old (i.e., UNIX System Sixth Edition format)
file. Only useful with
.Fl i
(copy in).
-.Tp
+.El
.Sh EXAMPLES
The first example below copies the contents of a directory
into an archive; the second duplicates a directory
hierarchy:
.Pp
-.Dl ls \&| cpio -o >/dev/rmt/0m
-.Pp
-.Dl cd olddir
-.Dl find . -depth -print \&| cpio -pdl newdir
+.Bd -literal -offset indent
+ls \&| cpio -o > edev/rmt/0m
+
+cd olddir
+find \&. -depth -print \&| cpio -pdl newdir
.Pp
The trivial case
.Pp
-.Dl find . -depth -print \&| cpio -oB >/dev/fmt/0m
+.Dl find \&. -depth -print \&| cpio -oB >/dev/fmt/0m
.Pp
can be handled more efficiently by:
.Pp
-.Dl find . -cpio /dev/rmt/0m
-.Pp
+.Dl find \&. -cpio /dev/rmt/0m
.Sh SEE ALSO
.Xr ar 1 ,
.Xr find 1 ,
projects / unix-history / blobdiff