+ * to select alternate encoding format
+ */
+#define VIS_OCTAL 0x01 /* use octal \ddd format */
+#define VIS_CSTYLE 0x02 /* use \[nrft...] where appropiate */
+/*
+ * to alter set of characters encoded
+ * (default is to encode all non-graphic except space, tab, and newline)
+ */
+#define VIS_TAB 0x04 /* also encode tab */
+#define VIS_WHITE 0x08 /* also encode space, tab, and newline */
+#define VIS_SAFE 0x10 /* only encode "unsafe" characters */
+/*
+ * other