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Importing a bunch of pages from old websites.
[website_subgeniuskitty.com] / data / development / ned / instruction_reference.md
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AT		 1# NED - Instruction Reference #
2
3## Format A - Word ##
4
5 +----------+----+-------+
6 | | 31 | 30..0 |
7 +----------+----+-------+
8 | WORD_x | 1 | x..x |
9 +----------+----+-------+
10
11**Operation:** TOS = x
12
13**Indicators:** None
14
15**Description:** Pushes bits 30-0 on to TOS after left shift by one position and
16 padding with zero bit.
17
18## Format C - Syllables ##
19
20 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
21 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
22 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
23 | IM_x | 1 | x | x | x | x | x |
24 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
25
26**Operation:** TOS = x
27
28**Indicators:** None
29
30**Description:** Pushes bits 4-0 on to TOS while padding bits 31-5 with zeroes.
31
32 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
33 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
34 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
35 | LDSP+x | 0 | 1 | 1 | x | x | x |
36 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
37
38**Operation:** TOS = TOS[x]
39
40**Indicators:** Sets PSW_N and PSW_Z flags.
41
42**Description:** Pushes a copy of the x'th entry on the stack to the TOS. Indexing
43 begins at 0. Thus, LDSP+0 duplicates the top stack entry and
44 LDSP+1 pushes a copy of the NOS to the TOS.
45
46 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
47 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
48 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
49 | STSP+x | 0 | 1 | 0 | x | x | x |
50 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
51
52**Operation:** TOS[x] = TOS
53
54**Indicators:** None
55
56**Description:** Pops TOS and stores it x positions deep, overwriting the
57 pre-existing stack entry. Indexing begins at 0 and is counted
58 after popping the TOS. Thus, STSP+0 deletes the NOS, equivalent
59 to SWAP, DROP if such instructions existed.
60
61 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
62 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
63 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
64 | AND | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
65 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
66
67**Operation:** TOS = TOS ^ NOS
68
69**Indicators:** Sets PSW_N and PSW_Z flags.
70
71**Description:** Pops TOS and NOS, performs bitwise Boolean AND and pushes result
72 to TOS.
73
74 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
75 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
76 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
77 | OR | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
78 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
79
80**Operation:** TOS = TOS V NOS
81
82**Indicators:** Sets PSW_N and PSW_Z flags.
83
84**Description:** Pops TOS and NOS, performs bitwise Boolean OR and pushes result
85 to TOS.
86
87 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
88 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
89 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
90 | NOT | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
91 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
92
93**Operation:** TOS = ~TOS
94
95**Indicators:** Sets PSW_N and PSW_Z flags.
96
97**Description:** Pops TOS, performs bitwise Boolean NOT and pushes result to TOS.
98
99 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
100 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
101 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
102 | XOR | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
103 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
104
105**Operation:** TOS = TOS >< NOS
106
107**Indicators:** Sets PSW_N and PSW_Z flags.
108
109**Description:** Pops TOS and NOS, performs bitwise Boolean XOR and pushes result
110 to TOS.
111
112 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
113 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
114 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
115 | ADD | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
116 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
117
118**Operation:** TOS = TOS + NOS
119
120**Indicators:** Sets PSW_N and PSW_Z flags.
121
122**Description:** Pops TOS and NOS, performs signed, twos-complement addition and
123 pushes result to TOS.
124
125 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
126 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
127 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
128 | SWAP | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
129 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
130
131**Operation:** TOS = NOS; NOS = TOS
132
133**Indicators:** Sets PSW_N and PSW_Z flags.
134
135**Description:** Swaps the TOS and NOS entries on the stack. Sets PSW flags based
136 on new TOS entry.
137
138 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
139 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
140 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
141 | JMP | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
142 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
143
144**Operation:** PC = TOS
145
146**Indicators:** None
147
148**Description:** Pops TOS and loads value in to PC, overwriting existing PC. Resets
149 SC to zero.
150
151 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
152 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
153 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
154 | MVSTCK | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
155 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
156
157**Operation:** SID = TOS
158
159**Indicators:** None
160
161**Description:** Pops TOS and loads value in to SID, overwriting existing SID.
162
163 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
164 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
165 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
166 | SHIFT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
167 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
168
169**Operation:** TOS = NOS (<< or >>) TOS
170
171**Indicators:** Sets PSW_N and PSW_Z flags.
172
173**Description:** Pops TOS and NOS, shifts NOS according to TOS and pushes back to
174 TOS. Direction of shift is left if bit 31 of TOS is set, otherwise
175 shift is right. Magnitude of shift is controlled by bits 30-0 of
176 TOS. Note that this is sign-magnitude, not twos-complement.
177
178 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
179 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
180 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
181 | CMPSWP | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
182 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
183
184**Operation:**
185
186**Indicators:**
187
188**Description:** Not yet implemented.
189
190 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
191 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
192 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
193 | TEST | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
194 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
195
196**Operation:** None
197
198**Indicators:** Sets PSW_N and PSW_Z flags.
199
200**Description:** Pops TOS and sets PSW flags accordingly.
201
202 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
203 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
204 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
205 | BRZ | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
206 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
207
208**Operation:** PC = TOS if NOS = 0
209
210**Indicators:** None
211
212**Description:** Pops TOS and NOS. If NOS = 0, loads TOS value in to PC.
213
214 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
215 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
216 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
217 | LOAD | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
218 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
219
220**Operation:** TOS = (TOS)
221
222**Indicators:** Sets PSW_N and PSW_Z flags.
223
224**Description:** Pops TOS, treating it as a pointer in to RAM and pushing the
225 corresponding value from RAM on to TOS.
226
227 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
228 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
229 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
230 | STORE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
231 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
232
233**Operation:** (TOS) = NOS
234
235**Indicators:** None
236
237**Description:** Pops TOS and NOS, treating TOS as a pointer in to RAM and storing
238 NOS at that address.
239
240 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
241 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
242 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
243 | NOP | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
244 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
245
246**Operation:** None
247
248**Indicators:** None
249
250**Description:** Does nothing for one CPU cycle.
251
252 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
253 | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
254 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
255 | HALT | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
256 +----------+---+---+---+---+---+---+
257
258**Operation:** None
259
260**Indicators:** None
261
262**Description:** Halts the CPU.
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