Initial commit of OpenSPARC T2 design and verification files.
[OpenSPARC-T2-DV] / tools / perl-5.8.0 / man / man3 / Net::NNTP.3
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129.\" ========================================================================
130.\"
131.IX Title "Net::NNTP 3"
132.TH Net::NNTP 3 "2002-06-01" "perl v5.8.0" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide"
133.SH "NAME"
134Net::NNTP \- NNTP Client class
135.SH "SYNOPSIS"
136.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
137.Vb 1
138\& use Net::NNTP;
139.Ve
140.PP
141.Vb 2
142\& $nntp = Net::NNTP->new("some.host.name");
143\& $nntp->quit;
144.Ve
145.SH "DESCRIPTION"
146.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
147\&\f(CW\*(C`Net::NNTP\*(C'\fR is a class implementing a simple \s-1NNTP\s0 client in Perl as described
148in \s-1RFC977\s0. \f(CW\*(C`Net::NNTP\*(C'\fR inherits its communication methods from \f(CW\*(C`Net::Cmd\*(C'\fR
149.SH "CONSTRUCTOR"
150.IX Header "CONSTRUCTOR"
151.IP "new ( [ \s-1HOST\s0 ] [, \s-1OPTIONS\s0 ])" 4
152.IX Item "new ( [ HOST ] [, OPTIONS ])"
153This is the constructor for a new Net::NNTP object. \f(CW\*(C`HOST\*(C'\fR is the
154name of the remote host to which a \s-1NNTP\s0 connection is required. If not
155given two environment variables are checked, first \f(CW\*(C`NNTPSERVER\*(C'\fR then
156\&\f(CW\*(C`NEWSHOST\*(C'\fR, then \f(CW\*(C`Net::Config\*(C'\fR is checked, and if a host is not found
157then \f(CW\*(C`news\*(C'\fR is used.
158.Sp
159\&\f(CW\*(C`OPTIONS\*(C'\fR are passed in a hash like fashion, using key and value pairs.
160Possible options are:
161.Sp
162\&\fBTimeout\fR \- Maximum time, in seconds, to wait for a response from the
163\&\s-1NNTP\s0 server, a value of zero will cause all \s-1IO\s0 operations to block.
164(default: 120)
165.Sp
166\&\fBDebug\fR \- Enable the printing of debugging information to \s-1STDERR\s0
167.Sp
168\&\fBReader\fR \- If the remote server is \s-1INN\s0 then initially the connection
169will be to nnrpd, by default \f(CW\*(C`Net::NNTP\*(C'\fR will issue a \f(CW\*(C`MODE READER\*(C'\fR command
170so that the remote server becomes innd. If the \f(CW\*(C`Reader\*(C'\fR option is given
171with a value of zero, then this command will not be sent and the
172connection will be left talking to nnrpd.
173.SH "METHODS"
174.IX Header "METHODS"
175Unless otherwise stated all methods return either a \fItrue\fR or \fIfalse\fR
176value, with \fItrue\fR meaning that the operation was a success. When a method
177states that it returns a value, failure will be returned as \fIundef\fR or an
178empty list.
179.IP "article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [\s-1FH\s0] )" 4
180.IX Item "article ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] )"
181Retrieve the header, a blank line, then the body (text) of the
182specified article.
183.Sp
184If \f(CW\*(C`FH\*(C'\fR is specified then it is expected to be a valid filehandle
185and the result will be printed to it, on sucess a true value will be
186returned. If \f(CW\*(C`FH\*(C'\fR is not specified then the return value, on sucess,
187will be a reference to an array containg the article requested, each
188entry in the array will contain one line of the article.
189.Sp
190If no arguments are passed then the current article in the currently
191selected newsgroup is fetched.
192.Sp
193\&\f(CW\*(C`MSGNUM\*(C'\fR is a numeric id of an article in the current newsgroup, and
194will change the current article pointer. \f(CW\*(C`MSGID\*(C'\fR is the message id of
195an article as shown in that article's header. It is anticipated that the
196client will obtain the \f(CW\*(C`MSGID\*(C'\fR from a list provided by the \f(CW\*(C`newnews\*(C'\fR
197command, from references contained within another article, or from the
198message-id provided in the response to some other commands.
199.Sp
200If there is an error then \f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR will be returned.
201.IP "body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [\s-1FH\s0] )" 4
202.IX Item "body ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] )"
203Like \f(CW\*(C`article\*(C'\fR but only fetches the body of the article.
204.IP "head ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [\s-1FH\s0] )" 4
205.IX Item "head ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ], [FH] )"
206Like \f(CW\*(C`article\*(C'\fR but only fetches the headers for the article.
207.IP "articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )" 4
208.IX Item "articlefh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )"
209.PD 0
210.IP "bodyfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )" 4
211.IX Item "bodyfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )"
212.IP "headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )" 4
213.IX Item "headfh ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )"
214.PD
215These are similar to \fIarticle()\fR, \fIbody()\fR and \fIhead()\fR, but rather than
216returning the requested data directly, they return a tied filehandle
217from which to read the article.
218.IP "nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )" 4
219.IX Item "nntpstat ( [ MSGID|MSGNUM ] )"
220The \f(CW\*(C`nntpstat\*(C'\fR command is similar to the \f(CW\*(C`article\*(C'\fR command except that no
221text is returned. When selecting by message number within a group,
222the \f(CW\*(C`nntpstat\*(C'\fR command serves to set the \*(L"current article pointer\*(R" without
223sending text.
224.Sp
225Using the \f(CW\*(C`nntpstat\*(C'\fR command to
226select by message-id is valid but of questionable value, since a
227selection by message-id does \fBnot\fR alter the \*(L"current article pointer\*(R".
228.Sp
229Returns the message-id of the \*(L"current article\*(R".
230.IP "group ( [ \s-1GROUP\s0 ] )" 4
231.IX Item "group ( [ GROUP ] )"
232Set and/or get the current group. If \f(CW\*(C`GROUP\*(C'\fR is not given then information
233is returned on the current group.
234.Sp
235In a scalar context it returns the group name.
236.Sp
237In an array context the return value is a list containing, the number
238of articles in the group, the number of the first article, the number
239of the last article and the group name.
240.IP "ihave ( \s-1MSGID\s0 [, \s-1MESSAGE\s0 ])" 4
241.IX Item "ihave ( MSGID [, MESSAGE ])"
242The \f(CW\*(C`ihave\*(C'\fR command informs the server that the client has an article
243whose id is \f(CW\*(C`MSGID\*(C'\fR. If the server desires a copy of that
244article, and \f(CW\*(C`MESSAGE\*(C'\fR has been given the it will be sent.
245.Sp
246Returns \fItrue\fR if the server desires the article and \f(CW\*(C`MESSAGE\*(C'\fR was
247successfully sent,if specified.
248.Sp
249If \f(CW\*(C`MESSAGE\*(C'\fR is not specified then the message must be sent using the
250\&\f(CW\*(C`datasend\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`dataend\*(C'\fR methods from Net::Cmd
251.Sp
252\&\f(CW\*(C`MESSAGE\*(C'\fR can be either an array of lines or a reference to an array.
253.IP "last ()" 4
254.IX Item "last ()"
255Set the \*(L"current article pointer\*(R" to the previous article in the current
256newsgroup.
257.Sp
258Returns the message-id of the article.
259.IP "date ()" 4
260.IX Item "date ()"
261Returns the date on the remote server. This date will be in a \s-1UNIX\s0 time
262format (seconds since 1970)
263.IP "postok ()" 4
264.IX Item "postok ()"
265\&\f(CW\*(C`postok\*(C'\fR will return \fItrue\fR if the servers initial response indicated
266that it will allow posting.
267.IP "authinfo ( \s-1USER\s0, \s-1PASS\s0 )" 4
268.IX Item "authinfo ( USER, PASS )"
269.PD 0
270.IP "list ()" 4
271.IX Item "list ()"
272.PD
273Obtain information about all the active newsgroups. The results is a reference
274to a hash where the key is a group name and each value is a reference to an
275array. The elements in this array are:\- the last article number in the group,
276the first article number in the group and any information flags about the group.
277.IP "newgroups ( \s-1SINCE\s0 [, \s-1DISTRIBUTIONS\s0 ])" 4
278.IX Item "newgroups ( SINCE [, DISTRIBUTIONS ])"
279\&\f(CW\*(C`SINCE\*(C'\fR is a time value and \f(CW\*(C`DISTRIBUTIONS\*(C'\fR is either a distribution
280pattern or a reference to a list of distribution patterns.
281The result is the same as \f(CW\*(C`list\*(C'\fR, but the
282groups return will be limited to those created after \f(CW\*(C`SINCE\*(C'\fR and, if
283specified, in one of the distribution areas in \f(CW\*(C`DISTRIBUTIONS\*(C'\fR.
284.IP "newnews ( \s-1SINCE\s0 [, \s-1GROUPS\s0 [, \s-1DISTRIBUTIONS\s0 ]])" 4
285.IX Item "newnews ( SINCE [, GROUPS [, DISTRIBUTIONS ]])"
286\&\f(CW\*(C`SINCE\*(C'\fR is a time value. \f(CW\*(C`GROUPS\*(C'\fR is either a group pattern or a reference
287to a list of group patterns. \f(CW\*(C`DISTRIBUTIONS\*(C'\fR is either a distribution
288pattern or a reference to a list of distribution patterns.
289.Sp
290Returns a reference to a list which contains the message-ids of all news posted
291after \f(CW\*(C`SINCE\*(C'\fR, that are in a groups which matched \f(CW\*(C`GROUPS\*(C'\fR and a
292distribution which matches \f(CW\*(C`DISTRIBUTIONS\*(C'\fR.
293.IP "next ()" 4
294.IX Item "next ()"
295Set the \*(L"current article pointer\*(R" to the next article in the current
296newsgroup.
297.Sp
298Returns the message-id of the article.
299.IP "post ( [ \s-1MESSAGE\s0 ] )" 4
300.IX Item "post ( [ MESSAGE ] )"
301Post a new article to the news server. If \f(CW\*(C`MESSAGE\*(C'\fR is specified and posting
302is allowed then the message will be sent.
303.Sp
304If \f(CW\*(C`MESSAGE\*(C'\fR is not specified then the message must be sent using the
305\&\f(CW\*(C`datasend\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`dataend\*(C'\fR methods from Net::Cmd
306.Sp
307\&\f(CW\*(C`MESSAGE\*(C'\fR can be either an array of lines or a reference to an array.
308.IP "postfh ()" 4
309.IX Item "postfh ()"
310Post a new article to the news server using a tied filehandle. If
311posting is allowed, this method will return a tied filehandle that you
312can \fIprint()\fR the contents of the article to be posted. You must
313explicitly \fIclose()\fR the filehandle when you are finished posting the
314article, and the return value from the \fIclose()\fR call will indicate
315whether the message was successfully posted.
316.IP "slave ()" 4
317.IX Item "slave ()"
318Tell the remote server that I am not a user client, but probably another
319news server.
320.IP "quit ()" 4
321.IX Item "quit ()"
322Quit the remote server and close the socket connection.
323.Sh "Extension methods"
324.IX Subsection "Extension methods"
325These methods use commands that are not part of the \s-1RFC977\s0 documentation. Some
326servers may not support all of them.
327.IP "newsgroups ( [ \s-1PATTERN\s0 ] )" 4
328.IX Item "newsgroups ( [ PATTERN ] )"
329Returns a reference to a hash where the keys are all the group names which
330match \f(CW\*(C`PATTERN\*(C'\fR, or all of the groups if no pattern is specified, and
331each value contains the description text for the group.
332.IP "distributions ()" 4
333.IX Item "distributions ()"
334Returns a reference to a hash where the keys are all the possible
335distribution names and the values are the distribution descriptions.
336.IP "subscriptions ()" 4
337.IX Item "subscriptions ()"
338Returns a reference to a list which contains a list of groups which
339are recommended for a new user to subscribe to.
340.IP "overview_fmt ()" 4
341.IX Item "overview_fmt ()"
342Returns a reference to an array which contain the names of the fields returned
343by \f(CW\*(C`xover\*(C'\fR.
344.IP "active_times ()" 4
345.IX Item "active_times ()"
346Returns a reference to a hash where the keys are the group names and each
347value is a reference to an array containing the time the groups was created
348and an identifier, possibly an Email address, of the creator.
349.IP "active ( [ \s-1PATTERN\s0 ] )" 4
350.IX Item "active ( [ PATTERN ] )"
351Similar to \f(CW\*(C`list\*(C'\fR but only active groups that match the pattern are returned.
352\&\f(CW\*(C`PATTERN\*(C'\fR can be a group pattern.
353.IP "xgtitle ( \s-1PATTERN\s0 )" 4
354.IX Item "xgtitle ( PATTERN )"
355Returns a reference to a hash where the keys are all the group names which
356match \f(CW\*(C`PATTERN\*(C'\fR and each value is the description text for the group.
357.IP "xhdr ( \s-1HEADER\s0, MESSAGE-SPEC )" 4
358.IX Item "xhdr ( HEADER, MESSAGE-SPEC )"
359Obtain the header field \f(CW\*(C`HEADER\*(C'\fR for all the messages specified.
360.Sp
361The return value will be a reference
362to a hash where the keys are the message numbers and each value contains
363the text of the requested header for that message.
364.IP "xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC )" 4
365.IX Item "xover ( MESSAGE-SPEC )"
366The return value will be a reference
367to a hash where the keys are the message numbers and each value contains
368a reference to an array which contains the overview fields for that
369message.
370.Sp
371The names of the fields can be obtained by calling \f(CW\*(C`overview_fmt\*(C'\fR.
372.IP "xpath ( MESSAGE-ID )" 4
373.IX Item "xpath ( MESSAGE-ID )"
374Returns the path name to the file on the server which contains the specified
375message.
376.IP "xpat ( \s-1HEADER\s0, \s-1PATTERN\s0, \s-1MESSAGE\-SPEC\s0)" 4
377.IX Item "xpat ( HEADER, PATTERN, MESSAGE-SPEC)"
378The result is the same as \f(CW\*(C`xhdr\*(C'\fR except the is will be restricted to
379headers where the text of the header matches \f(CW\*(C`PATTERN\*(C'\fR
380.IP "xrover" 4
381.IX Item "xrover"
382The \s-1XROVER\s0 command returns reference information for the article(s)
383specified.
384.Sp
385Returns a reference to a \s-1HASH\s0 where the keys are the message numbers and the
386values are the References: lines from the articles
387.IP "listgroup ( [ \s-1GROUP\s0 ] )" 4
388.IX Item "listgroup ( [ GROUP ] )"
389Returns a reference to a list of all the active messages in \f(CW\*(C`GROUP\*(C'\fR, or
390the current group if \f(CW\*(C`GROUP\*(C'\fR is not specified.
391.IP "reader" 4
392.IX Item "reader"
393Tell the server that you are a reader and not another server.
394.Sp
395This is required by some servers. For example if you are connecting to
396an \s-1INN\s0 server and you have transfer permission your connection will
397be connected to the transfer daemon, not the \s-1NNTP\s0 daemon. Issuing
398this command will cause the transfer daemon to hand over control
399to the \s-1NNTP\s0 daemon.
400.Sp
401Some servers do not understand this command, but issuing it and ignoring
402the response is harmless.
403.SH "UNSUPPORTED"
404.IX Header "UNSUPPORTED"
405The following \s-1NNTP\s0 command are unsupported by the package, and there are
406no plans to do so.
407.PP
408.Vb 4
409\& AUTHINFO GENERIC
410\& XTHREAD
411\& XSEARCH
412\& XINDEX
413.Ve
414.SH "DEFINITIONS"
415.IX Header "DEFINITIONS"
416.IP "MESSAGE-SPEC" 4
417.IX Item "MESSAGE-SPEC"
418\&\f(CW\*(C`MESSAGE\-SPEC\*(C'\fR is either a single message\-id, a single message number, or
419a reference to a list of two message numbers.
420.Sp
421If \f(CW\*(C`MESSAGE\-SPEC\*(C'\fR is a reference to a list of two message numbers and the
422second number in a range is less than or equal to the first then the range
423represents all messages in the group after the first message number.
424.Sp
425\&\fB\s-1NOTE\s0\fR For compatibility reasons only with earlier versions of Net::NNTP
426a message spec can be passed as a list of two numbers, this is deprecated
427and a reference to the list should now be passed
428.IP "\s-1PATTERN\s0" 4
429.IX Item "PATTERN"
430The \f(CW\*(C`NNTP\*(C'\fR protocol uses the \f(CW\*(C`WILDMAT\*(C'\fR format for patterns.
431The \s-1WILDMAT\s0 format was first developed by Rich Salz based on
432the format used in the \s-1UNIX\s0 \*(L"find\*(R" command to articulate
433file names. It was developed to provide a uniform mechanism
434for matching patterns in the same manner that the \s-1UNIX\s0 shell
435matches filenames.
436.Sp
437Patterns are implicitly anchored at the
438beginning and end of each string when testing for a match.
439.Sp
440There are five pattern matching operations other than a strict
441one-to-one match between the pattern and the source to be
442checked for a match.
443.Sp
444The first is an asterisk \f(CW\*(C`*\*(C'\fR to match any sequence of zero or more
445characters.
446.Sp
447The second is a question mark \f(CW\*(C`?\*(C'\fR to match any single character. The
448third specifies a specific set of characters.
449.Sp
450The set is specified as a list of characters, or as a range of characters
451where the beginning and end of the range are separated by a minus (or dash)
452character, or as any combination of lists and ranges. The dash can
453also be included in the set as a character it if is the beginning
454or end of the set. This set is enclosed in square brackets. The
455close square bracket \f(CW\*(C`]\*(C'\fR may be used in a set if it is the first
456character in the set.
457.Sp
458The fourth operation is the same as the
459logical not of the third operation and is specified the same
460way as the third with the addition of a caret character \f(CW\*(C`^\*(C'\fR at
461the beginning of the test string just inside the open square
462bracket.
463.Sp
464The final operation uses the backslash character to
465invalidate the special meaning of an open square bracket \f(CW\*(C`[\*(C'\fR,
466the asterisk, backslash or the question mark. Two backslashes in
467sequence will result in the evaluation of the backslash as a
468character with no special meaning.
469.RS 4
470.IP "Examples" 4
471.IX Item "Examples"
472.PD 0
473.ie n .IP """[^]\-]""" 4
474.el .IP "\f(CW[^]\-]\fR" 4
475.IX Item "[^]-]"
476.PD
477matches any single character other than a close square
478bracket or a minus sign/dash.
479.ie n .IP "*bdc" 4
480.el .IP "\f(CW*bdc\fR" 4
481.IX Item "*bdc"
482matches any string that ends with the string \*(L"bdc\*(R"
483including the string \*(L"bdc\*(R" (without quotes).
484.ie n .IP """[0\-9a\-zA\-Z]""" 4
485.el .IP "\f(CW[0\-9a\-zA\-Z]\fR" 4
486.IX Item "[0-9a-zA-Z]"
487matches any single printable alphanumeric \s-1ASCII\s0 character.
488.ie n .IP """a??d""" 4
489.el .IP "\f(CWa??d\fR" 4
490.IX Item "a??d"
491matches any four character string which begins
492with a and ends with d.
493.RE
494.RS 4
495.RE
496.SH "SEE ALSO"
497.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
498Net::Cmd
499.SH "AUTHOR"
500.IX Header "AUTHOR"
501Graham Barr <gbarr@pobox.com>
502.SH "COPYRIGHT"
503.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
504Copyright (c) 1995\-1997 Graham Barr. All rights reserved.
505This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
506it under the same terms as Perl itself.
507.PP
508\&\fI$Id: //depot/libnet/Net/NNTP.pm#15 $\fR