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129 | .\" ======================================================================== | |
130 | .\" | |
131 | .IX Title "Win32 3" | |
132 | .TH Win32 3 "2002-06-01" "perl v5.8.0" "Perl Programmers Reference Guide" | |
133 | .SH "NAME" | |
134 | Win32 \- Interfaces to some Win32 API Functions | |
135 | .SH "DESCRIPTION" | |
136 | .IX Header "DESCRIPTION" | |
137 | Perl on Win32 contains several functions to access Win32 APIs. Some | |
138 | are included in Perl itself (on Win32) and some are only available | |
139 | after explicitly requesting the Win32 module with: | |
140 | .PP | |
141 | .Vb 1 | |
142 | \& use Win32; | |
143 | .Ve | |
144 | .PP | |
145 | The builtin functions are marked as [\s-1CORE\s0] and the other ones | |
146 | as [\s-1EXT\s0] in the following alphabetical listing. The \f(CW\*(C`Win32\*(C'\fR module | |
147 | is not part of the Perl source distribution; it is distributed in | |
148 | the libwin32 bundle of Win32::* modules on \s-1CPAN\s0. The module is | |
149 | already preinstalled in binary distributions like ActivePerl. | |
150 | .Sh "Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions" | |
151 | .IX Subsection "Alphabetical Listing of Win32 Functions" | |
152 | .IP "Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(\s-1MACHINE\s0)" 4 | |
153 | .IX Item "Win32::AbortSystemShutdown(MACHINE)" | |
154 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Aborts a system shutdown (started by the | |
155 | InitiateSystemShutdown function) on the specified \s-1MACHINE\s0. | |
156 | .IP "\fIWin32::BuildNumber()\fR" 4 | |
157 | .IX Item "Win32::BuildNumber()" | |
158 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns the ActivePerl build number. This function is | |
159 | only available in the ActivePerl binary distribution. | |
160 | .IP "Win32::CopyFile(\s-1FROM\s0, \s-1TO\s0, \s-1OVERWRITE\s0)" 4 | |
161 | .IX Item "Win32::CopyFile(FROM, TO, OVERWRITE)" | |
162 | [\s-1CORE\s0] The \fIWin32::CopyFile()\fR function copies an existing file to a new | |
163 | file. All file information like creation time and file attributes will | |
164 | be copied to the new file. However it will \fBnot\fR copy the security | |
165 | information. If the destination file already exists it will only be | |
166 | overwritten when the \s-1OVERWRITE\s0 parameter is true. But even this will | |
167 | not overwrite a read-only file; you have to \fIunlink()\fR it first | |
168 | yourself. | |
169 | .IP "\fIWin32::DomainName()\fR" 4 | |
170 | .IX Item "Win32::DomainName()" | |
171 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns the name of the Microsoft Network domain that the | |
172 | owner of the current perl process is logged into. This function does | |
173 | \&\fBnot\fR work on Windows 9x. | |
174 | .IP "Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(\s-1STRING\s0)" 4 | |
175 | .IX Item "Win32::ExpandEnvironmentStrings(STRING)" | |
176 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Takes \s-1STRING\s0 and replaces all referenced environment variable | |
177 | names with their defined values. References to environment variables | |
178 | take the form \f(CW\*(C`%VariableName%\*(C'\fR. Case is ignored when looking up the | |
179 | VariableName in the environment. If the variable is not found then the | |
180 | original \f(CW\*(C`%VariableName%\*(C'\fR text is retained. Has the same effect | |
181 | as the following: | |
182 | .Sp | |
183 | .Vb 1 | |
184 | \& $string =~ s/%([^%]*)%/$ENV{$1} || "%$1%"/eg | |
185 | .Ve | |
186 | .IP "Win32::FormatMessage(\s-1ERRORCODE\s0)" 4 | |
187 | .IX Item "Win32::FormatMessage(ERRORCODE)" | |
188 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Converts the supplied Win32 error number (e.g. returned by | |
189 | \&\fIWin32::GetLastError()\fR) to a descriptive string. Analogous to the | |
190 | \&\fIperror()\fR standard-C library function. Note that \f(CW$^E\fR used | |
191 | in a string context has much the same effect. | |
192 | .Sp | |
193 | .Vb 2 | |
194 | \& C:\e> perl -e "$^E = 26; print $^E;" | |
195 | \& The specified disk or diskette cannot be accessed | |
196 | .Ve | |
197 | .IP "\fIWin32::FsType()\fR" 4 | |
198 | .IX Item "Win32::FsType()" | |
199 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns the name of the filesystem of the currently active | |
200 | drive (like '\s-1FAT\s0' or '\s-1NTFS\s0'). In list context it returns three values: | |
201 | (\s-1FSTYPE\s0, \s-1FLAGS\s0, \s-1MAXCOMPLEN\s0). \s-1FSTYPE\s0 is the filesystem type as | |
202 | before. \s-1FLAGS\s0 is a combination of values of the following table: | |
203 | .Sp | |
204 | .Vb 12 | |
205 | \& 0x00000001 supports case-sensitive filenames | |
206 | \& 0x00000002 preserves the case of filenames | |
207 | \& 0x00000004 supports Unicode in filenames | |
208 | \& 0x00000008 preserves and enforces ACLs | |
209 | \& 0x00000010 supports file-based compression | |
210 | \& 0x00000020 supports disk quotas | |
211 | \& 0x00000040 supports sparse files | |
212 | \& 0x00000080 supports reparse points | |
213 | \& 0x00000100 supports remote storage | |
214 | \& 0x00008000 is a compressed volume (e.g. DoubleSpace) | |
215 | \& 0x00010000 supports object identifiers | |
216 | \& 0x00020000 supports the Encrypted File System (EFS) | |
217 | .Ve | |
218 | .Sp | |
219 | \&\s-1MAXCOMPLEN\s0 is the maximum length of a filename component (the part | |
220 | between two backslashes) on this file system. | |
221 | .IP "Win32::FreeLibrary(\s-1HANDLE\s0)" 4 | |
222 | .IX Item "Win32::FreeLibrary(HANDLE)" | |
223 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Unloads a previously loaded dynamic-link library. The \s-1HANDLE\s0 is | |
224 | no longer valid after this call. See LoadLibrary | |
225 | for information on dynamically loading a library. | |
226 | .IP "\fIWin32::GetArchName()\fR" 4 | |
227 | .IX Item "Win32::GetArchName()" | |
228 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Use of this function is deprecated. It is equivalent with | |
229 | \&\f(CW$ENV\fR{\s-1PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE\s0}. This might not work on Win9X. | |
230 | .IP "\fIWin32::GetChipName()\fR" 4 | |
231 | .IX Item "Win32::GetChipName()" | |
232 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Returns the processor type: 386, 486 or 586 for Intel processors, | |
233 | 21064 for the Alpha chip. | |
234 | .IP "\fIWin32::GetCwd()\fR" 4 | |
235 | .IX Item "Win32::GetCwd()" | |
236 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns the current active drive and directory. This function | |
237 | does not return a \s-1UNC\s0 path, since the functionality required for such | |
238 | a feature is not available under Windows 95. | |
239 | .IP "Win32::GetFullPathName(\s-1FILENAME\s0)" 4 | |
240 | .IX Item "Win32::GetFullPathName(FILENAME)" | |
241 | [\s-1CORE\s0] GetFullPathName combines the \s-1FILENAME\s0 with the current drive | |
242 | and directory name and returns a fully qualified (aka, absolute) | |
243 | path name. In list context it returns two elements: (\s-1PATH\s0, \s-1FILE\s0) where | |
244 | \&\s-1PATH\s0 is the complete pathname component (including trailing backslash) | |
245 | and \s-1FILE\s0 is just the filename part. Note that no attempt is made to | |
246 | convert 8.3 components in the supplied \s-1FILENAME\s0 to longnames or | |
247 | vice\-versa. Compare with Win32::GetShortPathName and | |
248 | Win32::GetLongPathName. | |
249 | .Sp | |
250 | This function has been added for Perl 5.6. | |
251 | .IP "\fIWin32::GetLastError()\fR" 4 | |
252 | .IX Item "Win32::GetLastError()" | |
253 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns the last error value generated by a call to a Win32 \s-1API\s0 | |
254 | function. Note that \f(CW$^E\fR used in a numeric context amounts to the | |
255 | same value. | |
256 | .IP "Win32::GetLongPathName(\s-1PATHNAME\s0)" 4 | |
257 | .IX Item "Win32::GetLongPathName(PATHNAME)" | |
258 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns a representation of \s-1PATHNAME\s0 composed of longname | |
259 | components (if any). The result may not necessarily be longer | |
260 | than \s-1PATHNAME\s0. No attempt is made to convert \s-1PATHNAME\s0 to the | |
261 | absolute path. Compare with Win32::GetShortPathName and | |
262 | Win32::GetFullPathName. | |
263 | .Sp | |
264 | This function has been added for Perl 5.6. | |
265 | .IP "\fIWin32::GetNextAvailDrive()\fR" 4 | |
266 | .IX Item "Win32::GetNextAvailDrive()" | |
267 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns a string in the form of \*(L"<d>:\*(R" where <d> is the first | |
268 | available drive letter. | |
269 | .IP "\fIWin32::GetOSVersion()\fR" 4 | |
270 | .IX Item "Win32::GetOSVersion()" | |
271 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns the array (\s-1STRING\s0, \s-1MAJOR\s0, \s-1MINOR\s0, \s-1BUILD\s0, \s-1ID\s0), where the | |
272 | elements are, respectively: An arbitrary descriptive string, the major | |
273 | version number of the operating system, the minor version number, the | |
274 | build number, and a digit indicating the actual operating system. | |
275 | For the \s-1ID\s0, the values are 0 for Win32s, 1 for Windows 9X and 2 for | |
276 | Windows \s-1NT/2000/XP\s0. In scalar context it returns just the \s-1ID\s0. | |
277 | .Sp | |
278 | Currently known values for \s-1ID\s0 \s-1MAJOR\s0 and \s-1MINOR\s0 are as follows: | |
279 | .Sp | |
280 | .Vb 10 | |
281 | \& OS ID MAJOR MINOR | |
282 | \& Win32s 0 - - | |
283 | \& Windows 95 1 4 0 | |
284 | \& Windows 98 1 4 10 | |
285 | \& Windows Me 1 4 90 | |
286 | \& Windows NT 3.51 2 3 51 | |
287 | \& Windows NT 4 2 4 0 | |
288 | \& Windows 2000 2 5 0 | |
289 | \& Windows XP 2 5 1 | |
290 | \& Windows .NET Server 2 5 1 | |
291 | .Ve | |
292 | .Sp | |
293 | Unfortunately as of June 2002 there is no way to distinguish between | |
294 | \&.NET servers and \s-1XP\s0 servers without using additional modules. | |
295 | .IP "\fIWin32::GetOSName()\fR" 4 | |
296 | .IX Item "Win32::GetOSName()" | |
297 | [\s-1EXT\s0] In scalar context returns the name of the Win32 operating system | |
298 | being used. In list context returns a two element list of the \s-1OS\s0 name | |
299 | and whatever edition information is known about the particular build | |
300 | (for Win9x boxes) and whatever service packs have been installed. | |
301 | The latter is roughly equivalent to the first item returned by | |
302 | \&\fIGetOSVersion()\fR in list context. | |
303 | .Sp | |
304 | Currently the possible values for the \s-1OS\s0 name are | |
305 | .Sp | |
306 | .Vb 1 | |
307 | \& Win32s Win95 Win98 WinMe Win2000 WinXP/.Net WinNT3.51 WinNT4 | |
308 | .Ve | |
309 | .Sp | |
310 | This routine is just a simple interface into \fIGetOSVersion()\fR. More | |
311 | specific or demanding situations should use that instead. Another | |
312 | option would be to use \fIPOSIX::uname()\fR, however the latter appears to | |
313 | report only the \s-1OS\s0 family name and not the specific \s-1OS\s0. In scalar | |
314 | context it returns just the \s-1ID\s0. | |
315 | .IP "Win32::GetShortPathName(\s-1PATHNAME\s0)" 4 | |
316 | .IX Item "Win32::GetShortPathName(PATHNAME)" | |
317 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns a representation of \s-1PATHNAME\s0 composed only of | |
318 | short (8.3) path components. The result may not necessarily be | |
319 | shorter than \s-1PATHNAME\s0. Compare with Win32::GetFullPathName and | |
320 | Win32::GetLongPathName. | |
321 | .IP "Win32::GetProcAddress(\s-1INSTANCE\s0, \s-1PROCNAME\s0)" 4 | |
322 | .IX Item "Win32::GetProcAddress(INSTANCE, PROCNAME)" | |
323 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Returns the address of a function inside a loaded library. The | |
324 | information about what you can do with this address has been lost in | |
325 | the mist of time. Use the Win32::API module instead of this deprecated | |
326 | function. | |
327 | .IP "\fIWin32::GetTickCount()\fR" 4 | |
328 | .IX Item "Win32::GetTickCount()" | |
329 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns the number of milliseconds elapsed since the last | |
330 | system boot. Resolution is limited to system timer ticks (about 10ms | |
331 | on WinNT and 55ms on Win9X). | |
332 | .IP "Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown" 4 | |
333 | .IX Item "Win32::InitiateSystemShutdown" | |
334 | (\s-1MACHINE\s0, \s-1MESSAGE\s0, \s-1TIMEOUT\s0, \s-1FORCECLOSE\s0, \s-1REBOOT\s0) | |
335 | .Sp | |
336 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Shutsdown the specified \s-1MACHINE\s0, notifying users with the | |
337 | supplied \s-1MESSAGE\s0, within the specified \s-1TIMEOUT\s0 interval. Forces | |
338 | closing of all documents without prompting the user if \s-1FORCECLOSE\s0 is | |
339 | true, and reboots the machine if \s-1REBOOT\s0 is true. This function works | |
340 | only on WinNT. | |
341 | .IP "\fIWin32::IsWinNT()\fR" 4 | |
342 | .IX Item "Win32::IsWinNT()" | |
343 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns non zero if the Win32 subsystem is Windows \s-1NT\s0. | |
344 | .IP "\fIWin32::IsWin95()\fR" 4 | |
345 | .IX Item "Win32::IsWin95()" | |
346 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns non zero if the Win32 subsystem is Windows 95. | |
347 | .IP "Win32::LoadLibrary(\s-1LIBNAME\s0)" 4 | |
348 | .IX Item "Win32::LoadLibrary(LIBNAME)" | |
349 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Loads a dynamic link library into memory and returns its module | |
350 | handle. This handle can be used with Win32::GetProcAddress and | |
351 | Win32::FreeLibrary. This function is deprecated. Use the Win32::API | |
352 | module instead. | |
353 | .IP "\fIWin32::LoginName()\fR" 4 | |
354 | .IX Item "Win32::LoginName()" | |
355 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns the username of the owner of the current perl process. | |
356 | .IP "Win32::LookupAccountName(\s-1SYSTEM\s0, \s-1ACCOUNT\s0, \s-1DOMAIN\s0, \s-1SID\s0, \s-1SIDTYPE\s0)" 4 | |
357 | .IX Item "Win32::LookupAccountName(SYSTEM, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SID, SIDTYPE)" | |
358 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Looks up \s-1ACCOUNT\s0 on \s-1SYSTEM\s0 and returns the domain name the \s-1SID\s0 and | |
359 | the \s-1SID\s0 type. | |
360 | .IP "Win32::LookupAccountSID(\s-1SYSTEM\s0, \s-1SID\s0, \s-1ACCOUNT\s0, \s-1DOMAIN\s0, \s-1SIDTYPE\s0)" 4 | |
361 | .IX Item "Win32::LookupAccountSID(SYSTEM, SID, ACCOUNT, DOMAIN, SIDTYPE)" | |
362 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Looks up \s-1SID\s0 on \s-1SYSTEM\s0 and returns the account name, domain name, | |
363 | and the \s-1SID\s0 type. | |
364 | .IP "Win32::MsgBox(\s-1MESSAGE\s0 [, \s-1FLAGS\s0 [, \s-1TITLE\s0]])" 4 | |
365 | .IX Item "Win32::MsgBox(MESSAGE [, FLAGS [, TITLE]])" | |
366 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Create a dialogbox containing \s-1MESSAGE\s0. \s-1FLAGS\s0 specifies the | |
367 | required icon and buttons according to the following table: | |
368 | .Sp | |
369 | .Vb 6 | |
370 | \& 0 = OK | |
371 | \& 1 = OK and Cancel | |
372 | \& 2 = Abort, Retry, and Ignore | |
373 | \& 3 = Yes, No and Cancel | |
374 | \& 4 = Yes and No | |
375 | \& 5 = Retry and Cancel | |
376 | .Ve | |
377 | .Sp | |
378 | .Vb 4 | |
379 | \& MB_ICONSTOP "X" in a red circle | |
380 | \& MB_ICONQUESTION question mark in a bubble | |
381 | \& MB_ICONEXCLAMATION exclamation mark in a yellow triangle | |
382 | \& MB_ICONINFORMATION "i" in a bubble | |
383 | .Ve | |
384 | .Sp | |
385 | \&\s-1TITLE\s0 specifies an optional window title. The default is \*(L"Perl\*(R". | |
386 | .Sp | |
387 | The function returns the menu id of the selected push button: | |
388 | .Sp | |
389 | .Vb 1 | |
390 | \& 0 Error | |
391 | .Ve | |
392 | .Sp | |
393 | .Vb 7 | |
394 | \& 1 OK | |
395 | \& 2 Cancel | |
396 | \& 3 Abort | |
397 | \& 4 Retry | |
398 | \& 5 Ignore | |
399 | \& 6 Yes | |
400 | \& 7 No | |
401 | .Ve | |
402 | .IP "\fIWin32::NodeName()\fR" 4 | |
403 | .IX Item "Win32::NodeName()" | |
404 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Returns the Microsoft Network node-name of the current machine. | |
405 | .IP "Win32::RegisterServer(\s-1LIBRARYNAME\s0)" 4 | |
406 | .IX Item "Win32::RegisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)" | |
407 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Loads the \s-1DLL\s0 \s-1LIBRARYNAME\s0 and calls the function DllRegisterServer. | |
408 | .IP "Win32::SetChildShowWindow(\s-1SHOWWINDOW\s0)" 4 | |
409 | .IX Item "Win32::SetChildShowWindow(SHOWWINDOW)" | |
410 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Sets the \fIShowMode\fR of child processes started by \fIsystem()\fR. | |
411 | By default \fIsystem()\fR will create a new console window for child | |
412 | processes if Perl itself is not running from a console. Calling | |
413 | \&\fISetChildShowWindow\fR\|(0) will make these new console windows invisible. | |
414 | Calling \fISetChildShowWindow()\fR without arguments reverts \fIsystem()\fR to the | |
415 | default behavior. The return value of \fISetChildShowWindow()\fR is the | |
416 | previous setting or \f(CW\*(C`undef\*(C'\fR. | |
417 | .Sp | |
418 | [\s-1EXT\s0] The following symbolic constants for \s-1SHOWWINDOW\s0 are available | |
419 | (but not exported) from the Win32 module: \s-1SW_HIDE\s0, \s-1SW_SHOWNORMAL\s0, | |
420 | \&\s-1SW_SHOWMINIMIZED\s0, \s-1SW_SHOWMAXIMIZED\s0 and \s-1SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE\s0. | |
421 | .IP "Win32::SetCwd(\s-1NEWDIRECTORY\s0)" 4 | |
422 | .IX Item "Win32::SetCwd(NEWDIRECTORY)" | |
423 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Sets the current active drive and directory. This function does not | |
424 | work with \s-1UNC\s0 paths, since the functionality required to required for | |
425 | such a feature is not available under Windows 95. | |
426 | .IP "Win32::SetLastError(\s-1ERROR\s0)" 4 | |
427 | .IX Item "Win32::SetLastError(ERROR)" | |
428 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Sets the value of the last error encountered to \s-1ERROR\s0. This is | |
429 | that value that will be returned by the \fIWin32::GetLastError()\fR | |
430 | function. This functions has been added for Perl 5.6. | |
431 | .IP "Win32::Sleep(\s-1TIME\s0)" 4 | |
432 | .IX Item "Win32::Sleep(TIME)" | |
433 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Pauses for \s-1TIME\s0 milliseconds. The timeslices are made available | |
434 | to other processes and threads. | |
435 | .IP "Win32::Spawn(\s-1COMMAND\s0, \s-1ARGS\s0, \s-1PID\s0)" 4 | |
436 | .IX Item "Win32::Spawn(COMMAND, ARGS, PID)" | |
437 | [\s-1CORE\s0] Spawns a new process using the supplied \s-1COMMAND\s0, passing in | |
438 | arguments in the string \s-1ARGS\s0. The pid of the new process is stored in | |
439 | \&\s-1PID\s0. This function is deprecated. Please use the Win32::Process module | |
440 | instead. | |
441 | .IP "Win32::UnregisterServer(\s-1LIBRARYNAME\s0)" 4 | |
442 | .IX Item "Win32::UnregisterServer(LIBRARYNAME)" | |
443 | [\s-1EXT\s0] Loads the \s-1DLL\s0 \s-1LIBRARYNAME\s0 and calls the function | |
444 | DllUnregisterServer. |