'\" Copyright (c) 1993 The Regents of the University of California.
'\" Copyright (c) 1994-1997 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
'\" See the file "license.terms" for information on usage and redistribution
'\" of this file, and for a DISCLAIMER OF ALL WARRANTIES.
'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: for.n,v 1.3.18.1 2004/10/27 12:52:40 dkf Exp $
'\" The definitions below are for supplemental macros used in Tcl/Tk
'\" .AP type name in/out ?indent?
'\" Start paragraph describing an argument to a library procedure.
'\" type is type of argument (int, etc.), in/out is either "in", "out",
'\" or "in/out" to describe whether procedure reads or modifies arg,
'\" and indent is equivalent to second arg of .IP (shouldn't ever be
'\" needed; use .AS below instead)
'\" Give maximum sizes of arguments for setting tab stops. Type and
'\" name are examples of largest possible arguments that will be passed
'\" to .AP later. If args are omitted, default tab stops are used.
'\" Start box enclosure. From here until next .BE, everything will be
'\" enclosed in one large box.
'\" End of box enclosure.
'\" Begin vertical sidebar, for use in marking newly-changed parts
'\" of man pages. The first argument is ignored and used for recording
'\" the version when the .VS was added, so that the sidebars can be
'\" found and removed when they reach a certain age. If another argument
'\" is present, then a line break is forced before starting the sidebar.
'\" End of vertical sidebar.
'\" Begin an indented unfilled display.
'\" End of indented unfilled display.
'\" Start of list of standard options for a Tk widget. The
'\" options follow on successive lines, in four columns separated
'\" End of list of standard options for a Tk widget.
'\" .OP cmdName dbName dbClass
'\" Start of description of a specific option. cmdName gives the
'\" option's name as specified in the class command, dbName gives
'\" the option's name in the option database, and dbClass gives
'\" the option's class in the option database.
'\" Print arg1 underlined, then print arg2 normally.
'\" RCS: @(#) $Id: man.macros,v 1.4 2000/08/25 06:18:32 ericm Exp $
'\" # Set up traps and other miscellaneous stuff for Tcl/Tk man pages.
'\" # Start an argument description
. ie !"\\$2"" .TP \\n()Cu
\&\\$1 \\fI\\$2\\fP (\\$3)
'\" # define tabbing values for .AP
.if !"\\$1"" .nr )A \\w'\\$1'u+3n
.if !"\\$2"" .nr )B \\w'\\$2'u+\\n()Au+3n
.nr )C \\n()Bu+\\w'(in/out)'u+2n
.AS Tcl_Interp Tcl_CreateInterp in/out
'\" # BS - start boxed text
'\" # ^y = starting y location
'\" # BE - end boxed text (draw box now)
.\" Draw four-sided box normally, but don't draw top of
.\" box if the box started on an earlier page.
\h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul'
\h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\l'|0u-1.5n\(ul'
'\" # VS - start vertical sidebar
'\" # ^Y = starting y location
'\" # ^v = 1 (for troff; for nroff this doesn't matter)
'\" # VE - end of vertical sidebar
\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\L'|\\n(^Yu-1v\(bv'\v'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu'\h'-|\\n(^lu+3n'
'\" # Special macro to handle page bottom: finish off current
'\" # box/sidebar if in box/sidebar mode, then invoked standard
.\" Draw three-sided box if this is the box's first page,
.\" draw two sides but no top otherwise.
.ie !\\n(^b-1 \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\l'\\n(^lu+3n\(ul'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c
.el \h'-1.5n'\L'|\\n(^yu-1v'\h'\\n(^lu+3n'\L'\\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^yu'\h'|0u'\c
.nr ^x \\n(^tu+1v-\\n(^Yu
\kx\h'-\\nxu'\h'|\\n(^lu+3n'\ky\L'-\\n(^xu'\v'\\n(^xu'\h'|0u'\c
'\" # SO - start of list of standard options
'\" # SE - end of list of standard options
See the \\fBoptions\\fR manual entry for details on the standard options.
'\" # OP - start of full description for a single option
Command-Line Name: \\fB\\$1\\fR
Database Name: \\fB\\$2\\fR
Database Class: \\fB\\$3\\fR
'\" # CS - begin code excerpt
'\" # CE - end code excerpt
.TH for n "" Tcl "Tcl Built-In Commands"
'\" Note: do not modify the .SH NAME line immediately below!
\fBfor \fIstart test next body\fR
\fBFor\fR is a looping command, similar in structure to the C
\fBfor\fR statement. The \fIstart\fR, \fInext\fR, and
\fIbody\fR arguments must be Tcl command strings, and \fItest\fR
The \fBfor\fR command first invokes the Tcl interpreter to
execute \fIstart\fR. Then it repeatedly evaluates \fItest\fR as
an expression; if the result is non-zero it invokes the Tcl
interpreter on \fIbody\fR, then invokes the Tcl interpreter on \fInext\fR,
then repeats the loop. The command terminates when \fItest\fR evaluates
to 0. If a \fBcontinue\fR command is invoked within \fIbody\fR then
any remaining commands in the current execution of \fIbody\fR are skipped;
processing continues by invoking the Tcl interpreter on \fInext\fR, then
evaluating \fItest\fR, and so on. If a \fBbreak\fR command is invoked
then the \fBfor\fR command will
The operation of \fBbreak\fR and \fBcontinue\fR are similar to the
corresponding statements in C.
\fBFor\fR returns an empty string.
Note: \fItest\fR should almost always be enclosed in braces. If not,
variable substitutions will be made before the \fBfor\fR
command starts executing, which means that variable changes
made by the loop body will not be considered in the expression.
This is likely to result in an infinite loop. If \fItest\fR is
enclosed in braces, variable substitutions are delayed until the
expression is evaluated (before
each loop iteration), so changes in the variables will be visible.
See below for an example:
Print a line for each of the integers from 0 to 10:
for {set x 0} {$x<10} {incr x} {
Either loop infinitely or not at all because the expression being
evaluated is actually the constant, or even generate an error! The
actual behaviour will depend on whether the variable \fIx\fR exists
before the \fBfor\fR command is run and whether its value is a value
that is less than or greater than/equal to ten, and this is because
the expression will be substituted before the \fBfor\fR command is
for {set x 0} $x<10 {incr x} {
Print out the powers of two from 1 to 1024:
for {set x 1} {$x<=1024} {set x [expr {$x * 2}]} {
break, continue, foreach, while
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